大学英语自学教程(上册) 笔记 Unit 4-1

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大学英语自学教程(上下)讲义

大学英语自学教程(上下)讲义

视频互动讲义二解惑:★set about:出发,开始,着手set aside:拒绝,忽视,挑出set back:推迟,阻碍set down:卸下,记下,放下set forth:阐明,陈述★set off:出发,引起,使发生★set out(to do):打算,着手set up:建立,树立,资助lonely:形容词,寂寞的,孤单的;★alone:形容词,独自一人的;副词,独立,仅仅。

late:形容词,迟的,晚的;lately:副词,最近,不久前,later 随后,稍后对于单词词性和词组含义上的比较及用法上的区别,希望大家能点滴积累,脚踏实地地强行记忆,这对战胜英语二极为有利。

一、第三单元重点内容回顾Text A1.not any(no) longer:注意词组含义和any的用法。

2.★weak----weaken:注意词性转换,同时关注主、被动含义。

3.help sb. do(with):注意后面用原形动词。

4.be affected with:注意词组含义。

5.recover----recovery:注意词性上的转换。

6.permit----permission:注意词性上的转换。

7.technique----technical----technically----★technician:注意词性上的转换。

8.legal(ly)----illegal(ly):注意词意反差。

(in law/out of law)9.★carry out:注意词组含义,总结与carry有关的词组。

10.★in addition to----in addition:注意词组在含义,完型与词汇常考。

11.c are(careless) for:注意词组含义。

12.★★oppose to=object to=against:注意含义,to后应用动名词形式。

13.s hort----★shorten----shortening:注意词性转换。

大学英语自学教程(上册)课后答案及释义

大学英语自学教程(上册)课后答案及释义

大学英语自学教程(上册)课后答案及释义UNIT2Unit 2第一部分Text A【课文译文】税、税、还是税美国人常说,人的一生有两件事可以肯定会发生:死亡和税收。

美国人并不垄断死亡市场,但许多人却感到美国以最重的赋税领先于世界。

税指人们为支持政府而缴纳的资金。

在美国通常有三级政府:联邦政府,州政府及市政府,因此就存在三种税。

收入超过几千元的工薪人士必须向联邦政府缴纳一定比率的税金。

这一比率因人而异,取决于各人的工资数。

联邦政府实行累进收入所得税制,也就是说,税率(14%~70%)随个人收入的增加而增加,由于高额税收,人们在4月15日很不愉快,因为这一天是缴纳税款的日子。

第二种税是缴纳给州政府的,这些州包括纽约,加利福尼亚,北达科他以及其他47个州中的任何一个。

一些州的收入所得税的收取办法同联邦政府的相似,当然其税率要低一些。

一些州设有销售税,即对你在该州所购买的任何商品所收的一定比率的税金。

比如,某人想买一包25美分的烟。

如果该州收取8%的销售税,那么买这包烟要花27美分,这一钱数就包括销售税。

一些州利用收入所得税外加销售税的办法来提高税收,各州的税收法规五花八门,令人费解。

第三种税是向市政府缴纳的。

这种税有两种:一种是财产税(拥有房屋的人都必须交税),另一种是本国消费税,即对城市汽车所征收的税金。

城市将这些资金用于教育、警察和消防部门、公共设施及市政建设。

由于美国人须付高额税金,所以他们经常感到每周有一天纯粹是在为缴税而工作。

人们总是在抱怨税收太高。

他们常常抗议政府滥用他们的税金。

他们说政府将太多的钱花在无用且不符合实际的项目上了。

尽管美国人在很多问题上有不同的看法,但他们在一个话题上的意见总是一致的:税收太高。

【课文难点注释】1.The federal government has a graduated income tax,that is,the percentage of the tax increases as a person's income increases.(Para 3)联邦政府实行累进收入所得税制,也就是说,税率随个人收入的增加而增加。

大学英语自学教程上册1-10课文及翻译

大学英语自学教程上册1-10课文及翻译

第一单元‎课文A‎on t‎h e ot‎h er h‎a nd‎H ow t‎o Be ‎a Suc‎c essf‎u l La‎n guag‎e Lea‎r ner?‎怎样成‎为一名成功‎的语言学习‎者"L‎e arni‎n g a ‎l angu‎a ge i‎s eas‎y.Eve‎n a c‎h ild ‎c an d‎o it!‎"“学‎好一种语言‎很容易。

连‎孩子都做得‎到!”‎M ost ‎a dult‎s who‎are ‎l earn‎i ng a‎seco‎n d la‎n guag‎e大‎多数学习第‎二语言的成‎年人w‎o uld ‎d isag‎r ee w‎i th t‎h is s‎t atem‎e nt.‎不会同意‎这一说法。

‎For‎them‎,lear‎n ing ‎a lan‎g uage‎is a‎very‎diff‎i cult‎task‎.‎对于他们来‎说,学习语‎言是一项很‎困难的任务‎。

Th‎e y ne‎e d hu‎n dred‎s of ‎h ours‎of s‎t udy ‎a nd p‎r acti‎c e,‎他们需要数‎百小时的学‎习和练习,‎and‎even‎this‎will‎not ‎g uara‎n tee ‎s ucce‎s s就‎是这样也不‎能保证‎f or e‎v ery ‎a dult‎lang‎u age ‎l earn‎e r.‎每一位成年‎语言学习者‎都能成功。

‎Lan‎g uage‎lear‎n ing ‎i s di‎f fere‎n t fr‎o m ot‎h er k‎i nds ‎o f le‎a rnin‎g. 语‎言学习不同‎于基它种类‎的学习。

‎some‎peop‎l e wh‎o are‎very‎inte‎l lige‎n t有‎些很聪明并‎在自己领域‎and‎succ‎e ssfu‎l in ‎t heie‎r fie‎l ds f‎i nd i‎t dif‎f icul‎t很有‎成就的人却‎发现t‎o suc‎c eed ‎i n la‎n guag‎e lea‎r ing.‎学好语‎言很难。

大学英语自学教程(上册)词汇表(带音标)

大学英语自学教程(上册)词汇表(带音标)

1 / 18Text 11 successful [s?k'sesf?l] a.成功的2 adult ['?d?lt] n.成年人 a.成年的,成熟的3 disagree [dis?'gri:] vi.(with)有分歧,不同意;不一致,不符4 statement ['steitm?nt] n.声明,陈述5 guarantee [g?r?n'ti:] n./vt.保证,担保,保修6 intelligent [in'telid??nt] a.聪明的,明智的7 conversely ['k?nv?:sli] ad.相反地8 similar ['simil?, 'sim?l?] a.相似的,类似的;与…相似(to)9 independent [indi'pend?nt] a.独立的,自主的10 pattern ['p?tn] n.型,模式,样式;花样,图案11 guesser n.猜测者12 clue [klu:] n.线索,提示13 conclusion [k?n'klu:??n] n.结论,推论14 communicate [k?'mju:nikeit] vi.通讯,交流,交际vt.传达,传播15 communication [k?mju:ni'kei??n] n.通讯,交流;传达;通讯联系,交通工具16 inexact [inig'z?kt] a.不正确的,不精确的17 incomplete [ink?m'pli:t] a.不完整的18 purpose ['p?:p?s] n.目的,意图;用途19 regularly ['regjul?li] ad.整齐地,经常地,定期地20 purposefully ['p?:p?sfuli] ad.有目的地,蓄意地21 technique [tek'ni:k] n.技术;技巧,手艺22 outline ['autlain] vt.概括,提出要点n.轮廓;大纲,提纲23 disagree with 与…有分歧,不一致24 first of all 首先,第一25 depend on [di'p?nd ?n] 依赖,依靠;依…而定26 be willing to 愿意,乐意27 be interested in 对…感兴趣28 on the other hand 另一方面29 instance ['inst?ns] n.例,实例30 deaf [def] a.聋的;听力不佳的31 dumb [d?m] a.哑的;无言的32 Englishman ['i?gli?m?n] n.英国人33 Italian [i't?li?n] n.意大利人;意大利语34 waiter ['weit?] n.侍者,服务员35 beer [bi?] n.啤酒36 soda-water n.苏打水,汽水37 traveler ['tr?v?l?] n.旅客,旅游者38 macaroni [m?k?'r?uni] n.通心粉39 primitive ['primitiv] a.原始的40 exact [ig'z?kt] a.精确的,正确的41 consist [k?n'sist] vi.组成(of)42 simply ['simpli] ad.仅,只;完全地;朴素地43 parrot ['p?r?t] n.鹦鹉44 not only...but also 不但…而且45 neither...nor 既不…也不46 consist of 由…组成47 Italy ['it?li] n.意大利Text 21 tax [t?ks] n.税(款) vt.对…征税2 generally ['d?en?r?li] ad.一般地,通常,大体上3 federal ['fed?r?l] a.联邦的4 type [taip] n.类型,种类,品种vt./vi.打字5 salaried ['s?l?rid] a.拿薪水的,领工资的6 salary ['s?l?ri] n.工资vt.[常用被动语态]给…发薪7 earn [?:n] vt.挣得,赚得;获得,赢得8 percentage [p?'sentid?] n.百分比,百分率9 vary ['ve?ri] vi.变化,有不同,呈差异vt.改变,使不同10 graduated a.(税)累进的;分等级的;刻度的;毕业的11 sale [seil] n.出售,卖;廉价出售12 charge [t?ɑ:d?] vt.索价;指控n.价钱,费用;负荷13 item ['ait?m] n.条,条款,项目14 packet ['p?kit] n.小包,小盒vt.打包,装行李;包装15 cigarette [sig?'ret] n.香烟,纸烟16 figure ['fig?] n.数字;人物;外形vt.(out)演算出;想出17 addition [?'di??n] n.加,加法;附加物18 revenue ['revinju:] n.(国家的)岁入,税收;收入,收益19 diverse [dai'v?:s] a.不同的,相异的;多种多样的20 confuse [k?n'fju:z] vt.使混乱,混淆21 property ['pr?p?ti] n.财产,资产,所有物;性质,特性22 excise ['eksaiz] n.国产税;本国消费税23 fund [f?nd] n.基金,专款;储备,贮存vt.提供资金24 department [di'pɑ:tm?nt] n.部,部门,系25 municipal [mju:'nisip?l] a.市的,市政的26 complain [k?m'plein] vt./vi.抱怨(of,about)27 protest [pr?'test, 'pr?utest] vt./vi.抗议,反对28 useless ['ju:sl?s] a.无用的;无价值的;无效的29 impractical [im'pr?ktik?l] a.不切实际的,不能实行的30 program ['pr?ugr?m] n.=programme计划;程序;节目vt.编程序31 view [vju:] n.看法,见解,观点;vt.看待,考虑,估量32 issue ['i?u:, 'isju:] n.问题;(书刊的)期号vt.发行,颁布,出版33 tend [tend] vi.易于,往往会;倾向于vt.照管,护理34 be sure of 确信…;确定… 35 have a corner on 垄断(某物)=to have a(the) corner (on)36 similar to 跟…类似的,与…同样的37 in addition to 加之;又;除…之外;并且38 tend to 倾向,有…的趋势,趋于39 California [k?li'f?:nj?] 加利福尼亚(美国州名)40 North Dakota 北达科他(美国州名)41 advertise ['?dv?taiz] vt./vi.为…做广告;登广告42 attract [?'tr?kt] vt.吸引,引起…的注意43 design [di'zain] vt./vi.设计;预定,指定n.设计;图案44 mail [meil] n.邮件,邮递vt.邮寄45 constantly ['k?nst?ntli] ad.经常地;不断地;时常地46 product ['pr?d?kt] n.产品,产物47 persuade [p?'sweid] vt.说服,劝服;使相信 a.空闲的;有闲的48 leisure ['le??] n.空闲时间,空暇;悠闲,安逸49 activity [?k'tiviti] n.活动,活跃;行动50 classified ['kl?sifaid] a.分类的,被归为一类的;保密的,机密的51 edition [i'di??n] n.版,版本52 section ['sek??n] n.章节,部分;部门,科;截面,剖面53 announcement [?'naunsm?nt] n.通告,布告,告示54 available [?'veil?b?l] a.可利用的,可获得的2 / 1855 amount [?'maunt] n.数量,数额,总数vi.合计,共计56 display [di'splei] n./vt.陈列,展览;显示57 entertainment [ent?'teinm?nt] n.娱乐,游艺,技艺表演;招待,款待58 audience ['?:di?ns] n.听众,观众,读者59 limited ['limitid] a.有限的60 attractive [?'tr?ktiv] a.有吸引力的,引起注意的61 characteristic [k?rikt?'ristik] a.特有的,典型的n.特性,特征62 slogan ['sl?ug?n] n.标语,口号63 identify [ai'dentifai] vt.认出,鉴定;认为…等同于(with)64 commercial [k?'m?:??l] a.商业的,商务的n.商业广告65 department [di'pɑ:tm?nt] n.部,部门,系66 responsible [ri'sp?ns?b?l] a. 需负责的,承担责任的;责任重大的67 company ['k?mp?ni] n.公司;同伴,陪伴68 particular [p?'tikjul?] a.特定的;特殊的,特别的n.详情,细节69 estimate ['estim?t, 'estimeit] n.估计,估价;评价vt.估计,估价70 management ['m?nid?m?nt] n.管理,经营;管理部门;资方71 approve [?'pru:v] vt.赞成,同意;批准,核准72 involve [in'v?lv] vt.使卷入,使参与(in);牵涉;包含,含有73 for the most part 在很大程度上,多半74 be characteristic of 为…所特有,是…的特征75 catch the eye 引人注目76 no more than 仅仅77 identify...with 把…和…等同起来78 carry over 继续下去,遗留下来79 as well as 除…之外(也);和80 over and over 反复81 put up with [put '?p wie] 忍受,容忍82 be responsible for 对…负责任的;对…承担责任的83 decide on 决定,选定84 be involved in 与…有关联,参与,介入Text 31 sailor ['seil?] n.水手,海员2 unwilling [?n'wili?] a.不情愿的,不愿意的3 equator [i'kweit?] n.赤道4 km n.(=kilometer)公里;千公尺5 bulge [b?ld?] n.不规则突起;鼓起之处6 unusual [?n'ju:?u?l] a.不寻常的,与众不同的7 salty ['s?:lti, 's?lti] a.含盐的,咸的8 average ['?v?rid?] n.平均数,平均 a.平均的;平常的v.平均9 spot [sp?t] n.地点,处所;点vt.点缀;认出,准确定位10 range [reind?] n.山脉;幅度,范围vi.变化vt.排列成行11 peak [pi:k] n.山峰;顶点12 mid-Atlantic a.大西洋中部的13 eastward ['i:stw?d] a.向东的ad.向东14 vessel ['ves?l] n.船,舰;容器,器皿15 crew [kru:] n.全体船员,全体机务人员16 becalm [bi'kɑ:m] vt.因无风而停止前进;使平静,使安静17 gulf [g?lf] n.海湾18 stream [stri:m] n.小河,溪流vi.流,涌19 current ['k?r?nt] n.潮流;涌流,电流 a.当前的,通行的20 affect [?'fekt] vt.影响,打动21 climate ['klaimit] n.气候22 flow [fl?u] vi.流动n.流23 furnish ['f?:ni?] vt.供应,提供;装备,(用家具)布置24 fishing ['fi?i?] n.捕鱼,钓鱼25 region ['ri:d??n] n.地区,区域26 highway ['haiwei] n.公路;(水陆)交通干线27 iceberg ['aisb?:g] n.冰山28 float [fl?ut] vi./vt.(使)漂浮29 steamship ['sti:m?ip] n.汽船,轮船30 airplane ['e?plein] n.飞机31 separate...from 使从…分离(分开,隔开)32 on average 根据平均标准;平均而言33 pile up 累积;(指若干车辆)碰撞在一起34 Atlantic [?t'l?ntik] 大西洋(=the Atlantic Ocean)35 America [?'merik?] 美洲(前边加定冠词the)36 Pacific [p?'sifik] 太平洋(=the Pacific Ocean)37 Columbus [k?'l?mb?s] 哥伦布(意大利航海家,新大陆发现者)38 Puerto Rico ['pwert?u 'ri:k?:] 波多黎各(美国的一个自由联邦,实行自治)39 Azores [?'z?:z] 亚速尔群岛40 Florida ['fl?rid?] 佛罗里达(美国州名)41 Sargasso Sea 马尾藻海(在西印度群岛东北)42 Gulf Stream 墨西哥湾流43 Labrador ['l?br?d?:] 拉布拉多半岛(加拿大地名)44 Arctic ['ɑ:ktik] 北极(the Arctic北极北区;北冰洋)45 Grand Banks 大浅滩(纽芬兰岛东南的大西洋浅滩)46 Newfoundland [nju:f?nd'l?nd] 纽芬兰(加拿大岛或省名)47 remain [ri'mein] vi.仍然是,依旧是;剩下,余留48 observation [?bz?'vei??n] n.注意,观察;观察物49 continually [k?n'tinju?li] ad.不停地,频频地50 gravitational [gr?vi'tei??nl] a.吸引作用的,万有引力的,地心引力的51 diameter [dai'?mit?] n.直径52 disc [disk] n.圆盘;唱片,磁盘53 artist ['ɑ:tist] n.艺术家,美术家54 merely ['mi?li] ad.仅仅,只不过55 reflect [ri'flekt] vt.反射,反映vi.思考,考虑(on,upon)56 absolutely ['?bs?lu:tli] ad.完全地,绝对地;肯定地57 uncomfortably [?n'k?mft?bli] ad.不舒适地,不安地58 inhabitant [in'h?bit?nt] n.居民,住户59 earthlight n.地球光60 moonlight ['mu:nlait] n.月光61 lunar ['lu:n?] a.月亮的62 occasionally [?'kei??n?li] ad.偶尔地,间或63 sunlight ['s?nlait] n.日光,太阳光64 except for 除了…外;除去;撇开65 keep...in mind 记住66 light up 使明亮,发亮67 speak of 谈起,提到3 / 18Text 41 psychological [saik?'l?d?ik?l] a.心理(学)的2 focus ['f?uk?s] vt./vi.(使)聚焦,(使)集中n.焦点,中心3 basic ['beisik] a.基本的,基础的4 principle ['prins?pl] n.原理,原则;主义,信念5 meaningfulness n.富有意义6 organization [?:g?nai'zei??n] n.组织;团体,机构7 association [?s?usi'ei??n] n.联合,结合,交往;协会,社团8 visualization n.想像,设想9 meaningful ['mi:ni?f?l] a.富有意义的,意味深长的10 rhyme [raim] n.韵,押韵11 ability [?'biliti] n.能力,能耐12 random ['r?nd?m] a./ad.胡乱的,任意的,随便的n.无目标13 organize ['?:g?naiz] vt.组织14 jumble ['d??mb?l] vt./vi.混杂15 chunk [t???k] n.一大块,一厚块vt.分块,组块16 easily ['i:zili] ad.容易地17 categorize ['k?tig?raiz] n.分类18 following ['f?l?ui?] a.接着的,下列的19 category ['k?tig?ri] n.门类,种类;范畴;部门20 needless ['ni:dl?s] a.不需要的,不必要的21 refer [ri'f?:] vi.提到,涉及;查阅vt.把…归类于22 relate [ri'leit] vi.有关联vt.讲述;使互相关联23 accurately ['?kjuritli] ad.准确地,精确地24 memorize ['mem?raiz] vt.熟记,记住25 associate [?'s?u?ieit] vt.把…联系在一起;交往n.同事 a.副的26 improvement [im'pru:vm?nt] n.改进,增进27 visualize ['vizju?laiz] vt.想像,设想28 imagery ['imid??ri] n.写作中直喻或比喻的使用;意象29 repetition [repi'ti??n] n.重复,反复;背诵30 integrated ['intigreitid] a.成整体的,完全的,完整的31 image ['imid?] n.像,形象,映象,图像32 mental ['mentl] a.智力的,脑力的;精神的,思想上的33 preserve [pri'z?:v] vt.保护,维持;保存,保藏34 focus on 集中35 make sense 有意义36 make a difference 有影响,起(重要)作用37 needless to say 不用说38 refer to [rif?: tu:] 提到,涉及;参考,查阅39 relate...to 与…有关系40 associate...with 把…联系在一起;与…常在一起,与…为友41 Mount Fuji 富士山42 Japan [d??'p?n] 日本43 short-term a.短期的44 long-term a.长期的45 recall [ri'k?:l] vt.回忆,回想;召回;撤消,收回46 contrast ['k?ntrɑ:st] n.对比,对照vi.形成对比vt.把…与…对比47 dial ['dai?l] vt./vi.拨,打电话n.表面;标度盘48 interrupt [int?'r?pt] vt.打断,打扰;阻碍vi.打断,打扰49 unable [?n'eib?l] a.[后接动词不定式]不能的,不会的50 psychologist [sai'k?l?d?ist] n.心理学家51 human ['hju:m?n] a.人的,人类的n.人52 apparatus [?p?'reit?s] n.器械,器具,设备53 rat [r?t] n.鼠54 release [ri'li:s] n./vt.释放;发布,发行;放开,松开55 reward [ri'w?:d] n./vt.酬劳,奖赏;报答56 interval ['int?v?l] n.间隔,间距;幕间(或工间)休息57 represent [repri'zent] vt.作为…代表(或代理);表示;表现58 intermediate [int?'mi:di?t] a.中间的;中级的59 advanced [?d'vɑ:nst] a.先进的,高级的60 native-speaking a.说本族语的,讲本国话的61 recording [ri'k?:di?] n.录制(尤指广播,电视等)节目62 speaker ['spi:k?] n.说话者,演讲者;扬声器63 paragraph ['p?r?grɑ:f] n.(文章的)段落,节64 alike [?'laik] a.同样的,相像的65 wither ['wie?] vt./vi.(使)枯萎,凋谢66 method ['meθ?d] n.方法,办法67 system ['sist?m] n.系统,体系;制度,体制68 unrelated [?nri'leitid] a.无关的,不相关的69 proficiency [pr?'fi??nsi] n.[U]熟练,精通70 in contrast 成对比71 look up 在字典、参考书中查找72 be unable to 不能做某事73 turn on [t?:n ?n] 开,接通(水源,电源,煤气等)74 turn off 关,关断(水源,电源,煤气等)75 to begin 首先,开始76 Los Angeles [l?s'?nd?ili:z] 洛杉矶(美国加州西南一港市)Text 51 fallacy ['f?l?si] n.谬见,错误的信念;谬误的推理,谬论2 quality ['kw?liti] n.质量;品质,特性3 deer [di?] n.[单复同形]鹿4 savage ['s?vid?] a.野蛮的,未开化的;凶猛的,残酷的5 tribe [traib] n.种族,部落;(植物,动物)族,类6 bravery ['breiv?ri] n.[U]英勇,勇敢;勇气7 man-eating n./a.食人;食人的8 eager ['i:g?] a.热切的,渴望的9 civilized ['sivilaizd] a.文明的,开化的10 ginger ['d?ind??] n.生姜,姜11 root [ru:t] n.根(部);根源v.(使)生根,(使)扎根12 magical ['m?d?ik?l] a.魔术的,似魔术的;不可思议的,迷人的13 poisonous ['p?iz?n?s] a.有毒的14 overseas [?uv?'si:z] ad.海外,国外 a.(在)海外的,(在)国外的15 widespread ['waidspred] a.分布(或散布)广的,普遍的16 muscle ['m?s?l] n.肌肉;力量,实力17 chew [t?u:] vt./vi.咀嚼18 helpful ['helpf?l] a.给予帮助的,肯帮助的;有益的,建设性的19 digestive [di'd?estiv] a.消化(食物)的20 juice [d?u:s] n.汁,液21 digest [di'd?est 'daid?est] vt.消化n.文摘22 foundation [faun'dei??n] n.根据;基金会;基础,地基23 mixture ['mikst??] n.混合;混合物24 belief [bi'li:f] n.相信;信念,信仰4 / 1825 acid ['?sid] n.酸,酸性物质 a.酸的26 curdle ['k?:dl] vi./vt.(使)结成凝乳;变成凝乳状27 indigestible [indi'd?est?b?l] a.难消化的;不能消化的28 digestion [di'd?est??n] n.消化;吸收29 cream [kri:m] n.奶油,奶油色30 combination [k?mbi'nei??n] n.结合,联合;化合,化合物31 protein ['pr?uti:n] n.蛋白质32 carbohydrate [kɑ:b?u'haidreit] n.碳水化合物;[pl.]淀粉质食物33 chiefly ['t?i:fli] ad.大半,主要34 contain [k?n'tein] vt.包含,容纳35 be eager to 热切想做,渴望要做36 substitute fo r …的替代物37 have...to do with 与…有关38 as a matter of fact 事实上,其实;事实恰恰相反39 think of...as 把…看成40 insect ['insekt] n.昆虫41 ant [?nt] n.蚂蚁42 hardworking ['ha:d'w?:ki?] a.努力工作43 wrestle ['res?l] vi.角力;摔交n.角力或摔交比赛44 mock [m?k] vt./vi.愚弄,嘲弄 a.假的,模拟的45 engage [in'geid?] vi.(in)从事于,参加vt.使从事于,使忙于46 sober ['s?ub?] a.冷静的,镇定的;认真的,严肃的47 frog [fr?g] n.蛙48 grave [greiv] a.严重的;严肃的,庄重的n.坟墓49 owl [aul] n.猫头鹰50 nest [nest] n.巢,窝51 beaver ['bi:v?] n.海狸52 dam [d?m] n.坝,堤53 arrange [?'reind?] vt.安排,筹划;整理,排列54 plaster ['plɑ:st?] vt.粘贴;涂灰泥于(墙等) n.灰泥,石膏55 mud [m?d] n.泥,泥浆56 spider ['spaid?] n.蜘蛛57 scarcely ['ske?sli] ad.几乎不,几乎没有58 creature ['kri:t??] n.生物,动物;人59 imitate ['imiteit] vt.模仿,仿效;仿制,仿造60 shepherd ['?ep?d] n.牧羊人61 improvement [im'pru:vm?nt] n.改进,增进62 fashion ['f???n] n.方式,样子;流行式样63 instinct ['insti?kt] n.本能,直觉;生性,天性64 hut [h?t] n.小屋,棚屋65 cage [keid?] n.笼66 variety [v?'rai?ti] n.变化,多样化;品种;多种多样67 boot [bu:t] n.靴68 etc. [et'set?r?] (=et cetera)[缩][拉]以及其他,等等69 wit [wit] n.智力,才智70 unlike [?n'laik] prep.不像…,和…不同 a.不相似的,不同的71 a great deal 大量,许多72 be true with 对…一样,对…也是真的73 engage in 从事,忙于74 be true of 对…一样,对…也是真的75 as if 好像,似乎,仿佛76 search for 搜寻,搜查,探察77 take care of 爱护;照顾,照料;处理,对付Text 61 rare [re?] a.稀有的,难得的2 substance ['s?bst?ns] n.物质;实质,本质;主旨,大意3 slight [slait] a.轻微的,纤细的4 carbon ['kɑ:b?n] n.碳5 extreme [ik'stri:m] a.极端的;末端的n.极端6 pressure ['pre??] n.压力,压强7 liquid ['likwid] a.液体的,液态的n.液体8 molten ['m?ult?n] a.(指金属)熔化的9 crack [kr?k] n.裂缝,裂口vi.爆裂,破裂10 crust [kr?st] n.地壳;面包皮,硬外皮,外壳11 crystal ['krist?l] n.水晶;晶粒 a.清澈透明的,晶体的12 popular ['p?pjul?] a.流行的,通俗的,大众的;受欢迎的13 gem [d?em] n.宝石,珠宝14 handful [h?ndful] n.一把,一小撮15 gravel ['gr?v?l] n.碎石,砂砾16 formation [f?:'mei??n] n.[地]岩层;形成,构成17 pipe [paip] n.管子,导管;烟斗vt.用管道输送18 volcano [v?l'kein?u] n.火山19 somewhat ['s?mw?t] ad.稍微,有点20 blast [blɑ:st] n.疾风,强风;爆炸vt.炸,炸掉21 elevator ['eliveit?] n.电梯,升降机22 crush [kr??] vt.压碎,碾碎;镇压,压倒23 destroy [di'str?i] vt.破坏,毁灭;消灭24 grease [gri:s] n.油脂;滑脂25 impressive [im'presiv] a.给人印象深刻的,感人的26 greasy ['gri:si] a.涂有油脂的,油污的;油腻的,滑的27 pebble ['peb?l] n.小圆石;卵石28 experienced [ik'spi?ri?nst] a.有经验的29 miner ['main?] n.矿工30 immediately [i'mi:di?tli] ad.立即地,即刻地;直接地,紧密地31 be made of 由…构成32 be popular with 受…喜欢;受…欢迎33 run out [r?n 'aut] 用尽34 sort out 分类,整理35 stick to 附着,粘住36 India ['indi?] 印度37 Brazil [br?'zil] 巴西38 Russia ['r???] 俄罗斯39 South Africa [sauθ'?frik?] 南非40 beneath [bi'ni:θ] prep.在…下面(或底下),低于41 haze [heiz] n.薄雾42 morning-glory n.牵牛花43 aside [?'said] ad.在旁边,到(或向)一边44 magnify ['m?gnifai] vt.放大;扩大,夸大45 puzzle ['p?zl] vt./vi.(使)迷惑,(使)为难n.谜,难题46 seed [si:d] n.种子47 observe [?b'z?:v] vt.注意到,察觉到;观察;遵守,奉行48 seaweed ['si:wi:d] n.海草;海藻49 former ['f?:m?] a.在前的,以前的n.前者50 latter ['l?t?] a.后者的;后一半的,接近终了的n.后者51 inorganic [in?:'g?nik] a.无机的5 / 1852 dwelling ['dweli?] n.住处;住宅53 fairy ['fe?ri] n.神仙,仙人54 broad [br?:d] a.宽的,阔的;广泛的55 delicious [di'li??s] a.美味的;(味觉或嗅觉)使人愉快的56 closely ['kl?usli] ad.紧密地;严密地,密切地57 suck [s?k] v.吸,吸收58 sap [s?p] n.树液;元气,精气59 dissolve [di'z?lv] vt.(使)溶解,(使)融化;解散,取消60 turn aside from 离开61 be satisfied with 对…感到心满意足62 take place 发生63 lie in 在于64 hold good for (对…)适用65 live on 靠…生活66 take in 吸收;让…进入;接纳,接受67 suck up 吸收,吸出,吸起68 take up 拿起;吸收,溶解;占去T ext 71 definition [defi'ni??n] n.定义,释义2 marriage ['m?rid?] n.结婚,婚姻3 descend [di'send] vi.传下,遗传;下来,下降4 ancestor ['?ns?st?] n.祖先,祖宗5 household ['haush?uld] n.家庭,户 a.家庭的,家常的6 grandparent ['gr?npe?r?nt] n.(外)祖父或(外)祖母7 relative ['rel?tiv] n.亲属,亲戚 a.相对的8 traditional [tr?'di??n?l] a.传统的9 security [si'kju?riti] n.安全10 basically ['beisik?li] ad.基本上,从根本上说11 nuclear ['nju:kli?] a.核子的,核能的;核心的,中心的12 extended [iks'tendid] a.展开的;延伸的,延续的;广泛的13 nucleus ['nju:kli?s] n.(原子)核;核心14 mother-in-law n.岳母;婆母15 agricultural [?gri'k?lt??r(?)l] a.农业的16 industrial [in'd?stri?l] a.工业的,产业的17 industrialize [in'd?stri?laiz] vt.(使)工业化18 post-industrial a.后工业化的19 earner ['?:n?] n.赚钱者;获得收入者20 split [split] vi.撕裂;分裂vt.劈开n.分裂,裂口21 divorce [di'v?:s] n./vi.离婚vt.与…离婚,使分裂22 social ['s?u??l] a.社会的;交际的,社交的23 remarry [ri:'m?ri] vt./vi.(使)再婚24 care for ['ke?f?:] 喜欢,对…中意;对…担心;照顾,照料25 split up [split '?p] 分裂,分开;吵架,离婚26 talk of 谈到,谈起27 structure ['str?kt??] n.结构,构造;建筑物vt.建造,建立28 generation [d?en?'rei??n] n.一代(人);产生,发生29 customary ['k?st?m?ri] a.习惯上的,惯常的;合乎习俗的30 partner ['pɑ:tn?] n.配偶;搭档,伙伙,合伙人31 similarity [simi'l?riti] n.相似,类似32 role [r?ul] n.角色;作用33 similarly ['simil?li] ad.相似地,类似地34 physical ['fizik?l] a.身体的;物理的;物质的,有形的35 emotional [i'm?u??n?l] a.感情的,情绪的36 provider [pr?'vaid?] n.供应者;提供者;养家糊口的人37 housework ['hausw?:k] n.家务劳动;家事38 preparation [prep?'rei??n] n.准备,预备39 pregnant ['pregn?nt] a.怀孕的,妊娠的40 primary ['praim?ri] a.初级的;首要的,主要的,基本的41 preschool [pri:'sku:l] a.学龄前的,入学前的42 baby-sitter ['bebisit?] n.代人临时照看小孩的人43 dependent [di'pend?nt] a.依靠的,依赖的(on,upon)44 provide for 赡养,为…提供必需品45 in addition [in?'di??n] 另外,加之46 give up [giv '?p] 交出,让出;放弃,抛弃,辞去47 instead of [in'sted] 代替;而不是… 48 be busy doing 忙于做(某事)49 in conclusion 最后,在结束时Text81 telecommunication [telik?mju:ni'kei??n] n.电信,远距离通信2 via ['vai?] prep.经由,经过,通过3 satellite ['s?t?lait] n.卫星,人造卫星4 transmit [tr?nz'mit, tr?ns-] vt.播送,发射;传送,传递;输送5 photography [f?'t?gr?fi] n.摄影,照相;摄影术6 telegraph ['teligrɑ:f] n.电报(机) vt.用电报发送vi.打电报7 establish [i'st?bli?] vt.建立,创办,设立;确立,使确认8 signal ['sign?l] n.信号,暗号vt./vi.(向…)发信号9 orbit ['?:bit] vt./vi.绕(…的)轨道运行n.轨道10 visual ['vi?ju?l] a.视觉的,看得见的11 capable ['keip?b?l] a.有能力的,有才能的;能…的(of)12 broadcast ['br?:dkɑ:st] n./vt./vi.广播,播音13 computer [k?m'pju:t?] n.计算机,电脑14 theory ['θi?ri] n.理论,原理;学说15 access ['?kses] n.通道,入口;接近(或进入)的机会16 unlimited [?n'limitid] a.无界限的,无边际的;无限制的;无数的17 demonstrate ['dem?nstreit] vt.说明,演示;论证,证实vi.示威游行18 educational [edju'kei??n?l] a.教育的,教育方面的;有教育意义的19 remote [ri'm?ut] a.遥远的,偏僻的;(可能性)很小的20 isolate ['ais?leit] vt.使隔离,使孤立 a.孤立的21 transportation [tr?nsp?:'tei??n] n.运输;运输系统,运输工具22 instruction [in'str?k??n] n.教学,指导;命令,指示,用法说明23 conversation [k?nv?'sei??n] n.谈话,会话24 simultaneously [sim?l'teinj?sli] ad.同时发生地,同时进行地25 channel ['t??n?l] n.频道;航道;渠道vt.通过…获得,传送26 risk [risk] vt.冒…的危险n.冒险,风险27 privacy ['praiv?si, -pri] n.私事,私生活;隐私;独处28 personal ['p?:s?n?l] a.个人的,私人的;亲自的29 movie ['mu:vi] n.电影30 contact ['k?nt?kt] n.接触,联系vt.与…接触,使联系31 technology [tek'n?l?d?i] n.工艺,技术32 harm [hɑ:m] n./vt.伤害,损害,危害6 / 1833 expert ['eksp?:t] n.专家,能手 a.熟练的,内行的34 application [?pli'kei??n] n.申请,申请表;应用,实施35 be capable of (指人)有某种能力或倾向的36 have access to 可接近,可进入37 lead to 导致;通向38 Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会39 Tokyo ['t?ukj?u] 东京40 Olympics [?u'limpiks] 奥林匹克运动会比赛项目(=Olympic Games)41 obvious ['?bvi?s] a.显然的,明显的42 widely ['waidli] ad.广泛地,普遍地;广博地;大大地43 shelter ['?elt?] n.掩蔽,保护;掩蔽处vt.掩蔽,庇护44 atmosphere ['?tm?sfi?] n.大气,大气层;周围环境,气氛45 deadly ['dedli] a.致死的,致命的46 ray [rei] n.光线,射线47 atmospheric [?tm?s'ferik] a.大气的,空气的;大气层的;大气所引起的48 automobile ['?:t?m?bi:l] n.汽车49 tire ['tai?] n.(=tyre)轮胎50 gas [g?s] n.气体;煤气;汽油51 per [p?:] prep.每,每一52 column ['k?l?m] n.柱,圆柱;栏,专栏(文章)53 electrical [i'lektrik?l] a.电的,电气的54 existence [ig'zist?ns] n.存在;生存,生活55 gaze [geiz] vi./n.凝视,注视56 lightning ['laitni?] n.闪电57 thorough ['θ?r?] a./ad.彻底的,完全的;周到的,精心的58 radar ['reidɑ:] n.雷达59 create [kri:'eit] vt.创造;创作;引起,产生60 hydrogen ['haidr?d??n] n.氢61 curve [k?:v] n.曲线,弯曲vt./vi.(使)弯曲,(使)成曲线62 unending [?n'endi?] a.永无止境的,不尽的;不断的,不停的63 meantime ['mi:ntaim] n.同时,其间64 element ['elim?nt] n.成分,要素;元素65 atomic [?'t?mik] a.原子能的;原子的66 explosion [ik'spl?u??n] n.爆炸,爆发67 in order to 为了68 protect...from 防御(危险;敌人等)69 rest upon 依赖,依靠70 in the meantime 在此期间,(与此)同时71 pay attention to 注意72 Sydney Chapman 西德尼?查普曼(人名)Text91 learned ['l?:nid] a.有学问的,博学的;学术上的;a.经过训练学到的2 cultivated ['k?ltiveitid] a.耕种的,耕作的;栽培的,非野生的;有修养的,文雅的3 concern [k?n's?:n] n.关心,挂念;关系,关联;vt.涉及,有关于;使关心,使挂念4 stock [st?k] n.备料,库存;股票,公债;有货;vt.储备,储存5 possession [p?'ze??n] n.所有,拥有;所有物6 relatively ['rel?tivli] ad.比较而言;相对地7 educated ['edju(:)keitid] a.受过教育的,有知识的;有教养的8 occasion [?'kei??n] n.时刻;场合,重大(或特殊)的活动;时机,机会9 acquaintance [?'kweint?ns] n.认识,了解;相识的人,熟人10 formal ['f?:m?l] a.正式的;形式的;礼仪上的11 highly ['haili] ad.高度地;极;非常12 topic ['t?pik] n.题目,话题;主题13 elevated ['eliveitid] a.提高的,升高的;高贵的,庄严的14 style [stail] n.风格;文体;式样15 importance n.重要(性)16 vivacious [vi'vei??s] a.活泼的,轻快的17 case [keis] n.情况,事实;病例;案件;箱,盒18 noun [naun] n.名词19 Latin ['l?tin] a.拉丁的,拉丁人的,拉丁语的;n.拉丁语,拉丁人20 derivative [di'riveitiv] n.派生词;派生物;a.派生的,衍生的21 adjective ['?d?iktiv] n.形容词22 grown-up [,gr?un'?p] a.成熟的,成人的;n.成年人23 apply [?'plai] vi.申请,请求(for);适用(to);vt.应用,运用(to)24 absolute ['?bs?lju:t] a.绝对的,完全的25 popularity [,p?pju'l?riti] n.普及,流行;名望,受欢迎26 classification [,kl?sifi'kei??n] n.分类;分级27 convenient [k?n'vi:nj?nt] a.方便的28 avoid [?'v?id] vt.避免,避开29 misconception ['misk?n'sep??n] n.误解,错误想法;错误印象30 presence ['prezns/ n.出席,到场;存在31 cultivation [,k?lti'vei??n] n.耕种,耕作;教养,修养32 literature ['lit?rit??] n.文学,文学作品;文献,图书资料33 make up (由部分)组成,构成(全体);弥补,补偿,赔偿(损失等);捏造,虚构34 stock in trade 库存;常用手段35 belong to 属于;是…的成员36 at large 普遍地,一般地;自由地,(未被捕)逍遥自在地37 come up 出现38 as to 至于,关于39 be due to 由于,因为40 rather than 与其…(不如);不是…(而是)41 vocabulary [v?u'k?bjul?ri] n.词汇(量);词(汇)表42 context ['k?ntekst] n.上下文,语境43 interrupt [,int?'r?pt] vt.打断,打扰;终止,阻碍;vi.打断,打扰44 process ['pr?uses] n.过程,进程;工序,加工方法;vt.加工,处理45 productive [pr?'d?ktiv] a.生产的;多产的,富饶的;富有成效的46 swift [swift] a.快速的,敏捷的47 securely [si'kju?li] ad.安全地;牢固地,稳固地;信心十足地,有把握地48 intend [in'tend] vt.想要,打算(后接to do或doing);意指,意思是49 specific [spi'sifik] a.具体的,明确的;特定的,特有的50 preference ['pref?r?ns] n.(for, to)偏爱;优先(权)51 prefix ['pri:fiks] n.前缀52 suffix ['s?fiks] n.后缀53 insert [in's?:t, 'ins?:t] vt.(禁止),嵌入54 apparently [?'p?r?ntli] ad.显然地;表面上,似乎55 consult [k?n's?lt] vt.请教,向…咨询;查阅,查看;vi.交换意见,商议56 tentative a.试探性的;尝试性的57 spark [spa:k] n.火花,火星;vi发火花,发电花;vt.激发,引起58 personally ['p?:s?n?li] ad.亲自,当面;就个人而言;作为个人,个。

大学英语自学教程(上)讲义

大学英语自学教程(上)讲义

Unit 1Text A How to Be a Successful Language Learner?搭配:1.wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事/动词词组2.look for sth./sb. 寻找某人或某物/动词词组3.make a mistake 犯错误/动词词组4.be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事/形容词词组5.be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事/形容词词组6.do sth. with a purpose 有目的地做某事/故意做某事/动词词组7.be interested in sth./sb. 对某人或某物很感兴趣/形容词词组municate with sb. 与某人交流/动词词组9.learn from sb. 想某人学习10.might do well to do sth. 最好做某事句型:1.S.+V.+it+adj.+to do sth. 形式宾语句型n.e.g. S ome people find it difficult to succeed in language learning.Some people find it difficult to succeed in other fields.They find it easy to practice using the language regularly.2.It is +adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 形式主语句型e.g. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of everyword.It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn for them.语言点:1.success(n.)-successful(adj.)-succeed(v.) 成功2.hundreds of people与eight hundred people:请注意有数词存在后,表量名词的变化。

英语(一)自学教程Unit4

英语(一)自学教程Unit4






bicker表示“斗嘴,争吵”。例如: The two children used to bicker about who should do the washing-up. 这两个小孩过去常为该由谁洗餐具而争吵。 My children often bicker about(over)trifles. 我的孩子们经常为小事而争吵。

亚伯拉罕·林肯(1809.2.12-1865.4.15),美国政治家、思想家, 黑人奴隶制的废除者。第16任美国总统,其任总统期间,美国爆发内 战,史称南北战争,林肯坚决反对国家分裂。他废除了叛乱各州的奴 隶制度,颁布了《宅地法》、《解放黑人奴隶宣言》。但南北战争之 后北方有几个支持联邦政府的州却仍被林肯允许可继续保有奴隶制度。 林肯击败了南方分离势力,维护了美利坚联邦及其领土上不分人种、 人人生而平等的权利。内战结束后不久,林肯遇刺身亡,是第一个遭 遇刺杀的美国总统,也是首位共和党籍总统,曾位列最伟大总统排名 第一位。也是美国最有作为的总统之一,(其他2位为乔治·华盛顿、 富兰克林·罗斯福。 ) 2006 年,亚伯拉罕·林肯被美国的权威期刊 《大西洋月刊》评为影响美国的100位人物第1名。最新版5美元纸币正 面就是亚伯拉罕·林肯的照片。
stop to do sth.表示“停下(手头上的事情)去做另外一件事”
Hearing the bell,she stopped washing the dishes. 听见门铃声,她停止洗碗了。 Hearing the bell,she stopped to open the door. 听见门铃声,她停下手中的活去开门。



Many young people in the country long for city life.

大学英语自学教程(上册) 笔记 Unit 4-2

大学英语自学教程(上册) 笔记 Unit 4-2

大学英语自学教程(上册) 笔记Unit 4-2Ⅱ.Intensive reading:1.physical research has focused on a number of basic principles that help memory.译:心理学研究集中在一些有利于记忆的基本原则上。

本句包含有一个that引导的定语从句,修饰basic principles.短语:focus on sth; a number of = many 许多;basic principles: 基本原则a.please focus your attention on your work.b.A number of students are studying English.c.The number of students studying English is increasing.2. It’s useful to know how these principles.本句的主语为:to know how these principles;it为形式主语。

通常由于动词不定式作主语、主语从句作主语、动名词作主语太长,使句子显得头重脚轻,因而借助于形式主语。

a.To have a good sleep before the exam is very necessary.It’s necessary to have a good sleep before the exam.b.playing with fire is dangerous.It’s dangerous playing with fire.c.That the earth is round is true.It’s true that the earth is round.rmation that does not make any sense to you is difficult to remember.译:对你毫无意义的信息是很难记住的。

大学英语自学教程词汇表(上册)

大学英语自学教程词汇表(上册)

38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76
ad.显然地;表面上,似乎 n.出现,露面;外观,外表 n.申请,申请表;应用,实施 vi.申请,请求;适用 vt.应用,运用 n.任命;约会 vt.靠近,接近 n.接近;途径,方法 a.适合的,恰当的,相宜的 n.批准,通过;赞成,同意 ad.近似地,大约地 n.弧;弧形(物) n.安排;整理,布置 n.文章,论文;条款,条文;物件;冠词 a.人工的,人造的;假的,矫揉造作的 n.艺术家,美术家 ad.在旁边,到(或向)一边 n.方面;外表,面貌 n.攻击,袭击;(军)冲击,突击,强击 n.集合;集会,与会者;装配,组装 vt.把…联系在一起;交往 n.同事 a.副的 n.联合,结合,交往;协会,社团 n.天文学家 n.大气,大气层;周围环境,气氛 a.大气的,空气的;大气层的;大气所引起的 a.原子能的;原子的 vt./n.企图,试图 n.姿势,姿态;态度,看法 vt.吸引,引起…的注意 a.有吸引力的,引起注意的 n.听众,观众,读者 n.作者 n.官方,当局,当权者;权力,权威 a.自动的;无意识的,机械的 ad.自动地;习惯性地 n.汽车 a.可利用的,可获得的 n.平均数,平均 a.平均的;平常的 v.平均 vt.避免,避开 vt.授予,判给 n.判定;奖,奖品 a.意识到的,知道的(of)
capable capacity capture carbon career cargo case cast category cease cell ceremony challenge championship channel chapter character characteristic charge chart chemical chess chiefly circular citizen civil claim classical classification classified climate closely club coach coast collapse collection column combination

英语自考本科高级英语笔记-上册-Lesson_Four

英语自考本科高级英语笔记-上册-Lesson_Four

Lesson Four Die as You Choose Words and ExpressionsText Explanation1the medical establishment 医疗机构2almost never comes to lightTo come to light means to be known to the public3can police it effectivelycan keep the practice of euthanasia under control.能有效地管理安乐死。

4death-frobidding countrya country that forbids euthanasia5which is now going over the argumentswhich is now repeating the arguments. Going over means examine the details of6Let's get this over with.Put an end to my suffering by helping me die.把这件事了结了吧,让我死吧。

To get something over with表示把一件不得不做完的事情做完。

7 a debate that will rumble on ito the autumna debate that will continue for a long time, till autumn.8medical monstrosities致人死亡的可怕的医疗事故9almost as a matter of macabre routine几乎是个可怕的常规10when the dying are too far gone to consent要死的人已处于垂死昏迷状态,不能表达是否同意安乐死。

2009年自考英语(一)课堂笔记(unit4)

2009年自考英语(一)课堂笔记(unit4)

Text A Inproving Your Memory 本课主要语⾔点 1.psychological adj. ⼼理学的 Psychological factors often play an important part in winning a competition. (在赢得⼀场⽐赛中,⼼理因素常常起着重要作⽤。

) Make sure all the kids are psychologically healthy.(确保孩⼦们⼼理健康。

) (the person who studies human mind-⼼理学家) 在希腊语中,psycho表⽰“灵魂”,“精神”,“⼼理”。

在英语中,有不少词是⽤psycho做前缀构成的。

除了刚才提到的psychology,psychological, psychologist以外,常见的还有:psychoanalysis(精神分析), psychotherapy(⼼理疗法)等。

2.focus v. (使)聚焦,(使)集中( focus on ) n. 焦点,中⼼  He is focusing his eyes on a painting on the wall.(他正注视着墙上的⼀幅画。

) Please focus your attention on the main problems.(请把注意⼒集中在主要问题上。

) This area became the focus of the world's attention again.(这⼀地区再次成为世界注意的中⼼。

) The 27th Olympic Games is now the focus of people's interest.(眼下第⼆⼗七届奥运会是⼈们兴趣的中⼼。

) 3.basic adj. 基本的,基础的 They didn't make any effort to solve the basic economic problems.(他们没有做任何努⼒去解决基本的经济问题。

《大学英语自学教程》上课后习题答案及课文翻译中文译文

《大学英语自学教程》上课后习题答案及课文翻译中文译文

Unit 1第一部分 Text A【课文译文】怎样成为一名成功的语言学习者“学习一门语言很容易,即使小孩也能做得到。

”大多数正在学习第二语言的成年人会不同意这种说法。

对他们来说,学习一门语言是非常困难的事情。

他们需要数百小时的学习与练习,即使这样也不能保证每个成年语言学习者都能学好。

语言学习不同于其他学习。

许多人很聪明,在自己的领域很成功,但他们发现很难学好一门语言。

相反,一些人学习语言很成功,但却发现很难在其他领域有所成就。

语言教师常常向语言学习者提出建议:“要用新的语言尽量多阅读”,“每天练习说这种语言”,“与说这种语言的人住在一起”,“不要翻译——尽量用这种新的语言去思考”,“要像孩子学语言一样去学习新语言”,“放松地去学习语言。

”然而,成功的语言学习者是怎样做的呢?语言学习研究表明,成功的语言学习者在许多方面都有相似之处。

首先,成功的语言学习者独立学习。

他们不依赖书本和老师,而且能找到自己学习语言的方法。

他们不是等待老师来解释,而是自己尽力去找到语言的句式和规则。

他们寻找线索并由自己得出结论,从而做出正确的猜测。

如果猜错,他们就再猜一遍。

他们都努力从错误中学习。

成功的语言学习是一种主动的学习。

因此,成功的语言学习者不是坐等时机而是主动寻找机会来使用语言。

他们找到(说)这种语言的人进行练习,出错时请这些人纠正。

他们不失时机地进行交流,不怕重复所听到的话,也不怕说出离奇的话,他们不在乎出错,并乐于反复尝试。

当交流困难时,他们可以接受不确切或不完整的信息。

对他们来说,更重要的是学习用这种语言思考,而不是知道每个词的意思。

最后,成功的语言学习者学习目的明确。

他们想学习一门语言是因为他们对这门语言以及说这种语言的人感兴趣。

他们有必要学习这门语言去和那些人交流并向他们学习。

他们发现经常练习使用这种语言很容易,因为他们想利用这种语言来学习。

你是什么样的语言学习者?如果你是一位成功的语言学习者,那么你大概一直在独立地、主动地、目的明确地学习。

自考基础英语上册重点笔记:第4课

自考基础英语上册重点笔记:第4课

自考基础英语上册重点笔记:第4课Lesson Four Labels重点词汇及短语unknowingly adv.无意地,不知不觉地。

trick it“欺骗”。

first of all首先。

therefore为r那种理由,因此。

Import v.进口export v.出口synthetical adj.人工制造的,合成的artificial adj.人造的,非天然的somewhat adv.有点,稍微。

be on guard警惕be labeled as贴上…标签、划归…一类medical device 医疗设备inferior products 劣质产品take sth.for granted想当然artificial silk人造丝重点语段解析(1) Every word on a label describing a food, a drug, a cosmetic or a medical device is important in protecting you and your family from buying an inferior product, from misusing a good one ,from being tricked by dangerous quackery or from unknowingly possessing an item harmful to health.标签上描述一种食品、一种药品、一种化妆品或一种医疗器械的每个字都很重要,因为它庇护你和你的家庭,使你们避免购买劣质商品,避免不正确地使用好的产品,避免受危险的庸医之骗,避免不知不觉地拥有对健康有害的东西。

①此句中主语为Every word,谓语为is,表语为important。

②label n.标签,v.贴上标签,把……归入某一类③在food之类的不成数名词前面加不定冠词、经常用来表示“一种”,“一阵”,“一份”等。

大学英语自学教程笔记赏析

大学英语自学教程笔记赏析

大学英语自学教程笔记赏析大学英语自学教程(上册) 笔记 Unit 3-2The 4th lecture of College English one:Ⅰ.Intensive reading text A:1.The Atlantic ocean is one of the oceans that separate the old world from the new.译:大西洋是隔断新世界和旧世界的大洋之一。

分析:本句包含有一个that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词oceans,注意此时只能用that,不能用which.如下的情况属只能用that的情况:1>.当先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词时。

He is the best person that always helps others2>.当先行词是序数词,或前面有一个序数词时。

He is the last person that I want to see.3>.当主语已有疑问词who或which时。

Which is the bike that you lost?4>.当先行词是all, much, something, anything, everything, little, etc等词时。

We should hand in all that you have found.5>.当先行词前有only, any, few, one of, the same, no etc等词时。

The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teacher in our class.短语:separate sth from sth把…与…分开England is separated from France by the English channel.另外,the old World: Europe, Asia, Africa; the New World: the Americas.2.For centuries it kept the Americas from being discovered by the people of Europe.(*)译:好几个世纪以来,它使美洲一直未被欧洲人发现短语:keep/stop/prevent sb from doing sth:阻止某人做谋事The bad weather can’t keep us from going to school/being discovered: being动名词,discovered过去分词3.Many wrong ideas about the Atlantic ocean made the early sailors unwilling to sail far out into it.(*)译:许多关于大西洋的错误观点使得早期的水手不愿远航驶入大西洋。

M4U1Project 知识点

M4U1Project 知识点

v. 是重要部分;是…的部分;认定,认为(某 事将发生或属实);计算
3. determine vt 确定;决定 determine sth确定/决定某事 determine to do sth 决定做某事(表动作) be determined to do sth (表状态)
make up one’s mind to do sth.下决心做…
克服;恢复 通过;到达;做完;接通电话;度过,熬过
An example
9. discourage
vt.阻止,劝阻;使泄气,使灰心
discourage sb into doing sth 劝阻某人不做某事 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 His mother discouraged him from being an actor. discouragement n /u/灰心,泄气;阻止,劝阻; /c/ 使人泄气的事物,挫折 discouraged adj. 泄气的,沮丧的 discouraging adj. 令人泄气的,使人沮丧的
2. It is important to figure out exactly what you want to tell the audience and what you trying to get them to do. figure out 弄清楚,弄懂;计算出 It took them a long time to figure out how to start the equipment. 我弄不明白他为什么缺席。 I can't figure out why he is absent. 孩子们没有花很多时间就算出了正确的答案。 It didn't take the children long to figure out the correct answer.

自考英语(一)课堂笔记完整版(46)

自考英语(一)课堂笔记完整版(46)

Unit23(第68讲—第70讲) 2. It would almost certainly refer to means of communication that involve the use of words. 在第四单元中我们已经学过refer to (提到,涉及)这个短语。

再请看⼏个例句。

1)In his speech he referred to the difficulties they had overcome. (在发⾔中,他提到了他们所克服的困难。

) 2)What he said at the meeting doesn't refer to you. (他在会上所说的不是指你。

) 在第⼆单元和第⼆⼗⼆单元中,我们已学过动词involve和名词involvement,再请看下⾯的例句, 注意involve在本课⽂中的意思和⽤法。

1)If I were you,I wouldn't get myself involved in this problem. (如果我是你,我不会让⾃⼰卷进这个问题中。

) 2)She didn't want to be involved in trouble. (她不想卷⼊纠纷。

) 以上两例句中,involve都是“卷⼊,陷⼊,牵涉”的意思。

3)To accept the job would involve my living in London. (若接受这份⼯作,我必须得住在伦敦。

) 4)Building this road will involve the construction of some tunnels. (造这条路包括建造⼀些隧洞。

) 在例句3)和4)中,involve的意思是“必须包括某种结果”。

在involve后⾯必须⽤名词或者动名词。

3. NVC for short. 这是⼀个省略句,补充完整应该是Non-verbal communication is called NVC for short. (⾮语⾔交际被简称为/缩写为NVC.) for short是个常⽤短语,意思是“简称;缩写”。

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大学英语自学教程(上册) 笔记Unit 4-1
Unit 4 Text A: Improving Your Memory
Ⅰ.New words:
1.psychological: adj 心理学的; psychology: n 心理学; psychologist: n 心理学家; psychologically: adv 心理上地(*)
a.His father is a psychologist while his mother is an engineer.
b.psychology is a study of mind.
c.Memories and dreams are psychological facts.
2.focus: v 聚集、集中, 常用短语:focus on sth ;n 焦点
a.He took out the camera and brought it into focus.
b.Focus your attention on your work.
3.basic: adj 基本的;base: n 基础; basically: adv 基本上、根本上
4.meaningfulness: n 富有意义;mean: v 意思是;meaningful: adj 富有意义的;meaningless:adj 无意义的; meaning: n 含义(*)
a.What does this sentence mean?
b.He is sad because he finds what he has done is meaningless.
c.Do you know the meaning of this word?
d.She always tells us meaningful stories. We learn a lot from her.
anization: n 组织、团体;organize: v 组织WTo=World Trade organization ;organizer: n 组织者(*)
a.They organized a trip to the South last month.
b.The organizers of the New Year’s party feel very tired but happy.
c.The United Nations is a world organization.
6.association: n 联合、协会;associate: v 把…同…联系起来;n 同伙;adj 副的
a.NBA means National Basketball Association.
b.Whisky is usually associated with Scotland.
c.John and paul are associates.
d.Mr. Liu is an associate manager in this company.
7.visualize: v 想象、设想;visualization: n想象、设想
8.rhyme:字母h不发音。

9.ability: n 能力,短语:to the best of one’s ability,尽力而为。

同义词capacity; able: adj有能力的,短语:be able to do sth, 反义词:unable.
10.random: adj/n 胡乱的、随便,常用短语:at random,随便地。

He took a book at random.
11.categorize: v 分类;category: n 种类
12.needless 不需要的,不必要的;needful 需要的,必要的
13.refer: v 涉及、参与;reference: n reference book
please refer to the dictionary if you come across a new word.
14.relate: v 有关联,叙述,讲述;related: adj 有关联的;relation: n 关系、关联
a.I can’t relate what he said with what he did.(我不能将他所说与所做联系起来。


b.This part relates to the current situation.(这部分指的是目前的形式。

)
15.accurately: adv 准确地,同义词:exactly;accurate: adj; accuracy: n
16.memorize: v 记住;memory: n 记忆力;memorandum(memo)备忘录
17.improvement: n 改进、增进;improve: v
18.image: n 形象、印象;imagery: n 肖像的总称,意象; imagine: v 想象
19.repetition: n 重复、反复;repeat: v; repeated: adj
a.He made repeated efforts to solve the problem.
b.pronouns are used to save the repetition of nouns.
c.Does history repeat itself?
20.mental: a 精神的、智力的,physical: 体力的
21.preserve: v 保护、维持;preservation: n保护、维持; preservative: adj 保护性的,保存的。

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