河南师范大学213翻译硕士日语2018年考研专业课真题试卷
上外日语考研真题2018
上外日语考研真题20182018年上外日语考研真题于当年12月份举行，共分为听力、阅读、综合与写作四个部分。
以下将针对每个部分进行详细的分析与讨论。
听力部分上外日语考研的听力部分包括了多个短对话和长对话，考察考生对于日语听力的理解能力。
短对话部分常涉及日常生活话题，如购物、旅行等；长对话部分则更注重考生对于学术与专业方面的理解。
在2018年的日语考研听力真题中，我发现了一组关于留学信息的长对话。
其中，男生A询问女生B关于留学申请时间的相关问题。
女生B首先解释了留学机构的要求，并提到了留学申请的周期。
接着，她详细介绍了准备留学所需的材料和流程。
整个对话除了考察考生的听力理解能力外，也涉及到了日语中与留学相关的词汇与表达方式。
阅读部分上外日语考研的阅读部分通常包括多个篇章，每个篇章后面有若干个问题需要考生回答。
2018年的考题中，我发现了一篇关于日本文化的篇章。
这篇文章主要介绍了日本汤塘文化的起源与发展，并详细分析了人们泡温泉的目的与体验。
文章中提到，泡温泉的目的除了享受身体放松与恢复以外，还可以感受自然与人文之美。
人们泡温泉的同时，也会参与温泉浴室的日常礼仪与规范，以表达对文化传统的尊重。
考生需要从文章中获取这些信息，并回答与之相关的问题。
综合部分综合部分是上外日语考研的重要组成部分，其中包括了听力与阅读的综合运用。
通过综合部分的测试，考生可以展示他们对于日语的综合运用能力。
在2018年的考题中，我发现了一道综合题目。
这道题目以一篇关于世界遗产的文章为基础，其中包含了多个问题与选择题。
考生需要通过理解文章内容，并结合问题要求，做出正确的选择与回答。
写作部分写作部分是上外日语考研的最后一个环节，考察考生的写作能力。
在2018年的写作真题中，我发现了一道关于自我介绍的题目。
题目要求考生以自我介绍的形式，介绍自己的家庭、学习背景、兴趣爱好等方面的信息。
考生需要运用所学的日语知识，用流畅准确的语句来表达自己。
2018年考研中国人民大学翻译专业真题回忆(二外日语)
日语一、汉字写平假名0.5\\\' ×10（给出句子，划出单词）家屋被害…二、平假名写汉字0.5\\\' ×10（给出句子，划出单词）へたひがしとくちょうきおく…三、外来语翻译成中文0.5\\\' ×10（没有句子）オーストリア（オーストラリア）ショーウインドーカルチャーセンター…四、单选1\\\' ×25 （助词、句法、尊他语等）五、阅读两篇2\\\' ×10第一篇3题（真题原题，貌似）第二篇7题关于日本人会话习惯点头的话题（内容文法中级上，题目难度初级）六、中译日4\\\' ×51. 你不去的话，我也不去。
2. 这个寒假我不打算回家。
3. 听说她没去过日本。
4. 纯子的妈妈让纯子整理自己的房间。
5. 田中请小王教他中文。
七、日译汉4\\\' ×51.張さんは国帰ったら貿易の仕事をしたいそうです。
2.3.4.自由な時間が持ちければ持つほど、時間の使い方に工夫しなければならない。
5.晩春から初春にかけて、北海道を除いて、日本では梅雨の季節に入っています。
？？基础英语一、单选1\\\' ×20 (近义词和两三题语法)二、完型1\\\' ×20（短语搭配和词译辨析）三、阅读两篇2\\\' ×20四、汉译英25\\\'关于热闹与孤独、社交与独处的内容，涉及朱自清在清大的感叹、歌曲《越热闹越孤单》、爱因斯坦的看法等，貌似不是很短，大概多少已经无感了。
五、英译汉25\\\'关于中国画的抽象与现实的内容，涉及书法、画家兼文艺历史学家Tung Ch\\\'i chang 等。
六、作文20\\\'关于苹果某一人物关于diversity的看法及少数群体抗议其观点的可能说法。
要求不少于350词。
翻译理论与实践一、理论填空1\\\' ×51. Water margin 其他译者一般译为什么。
河南师范大学考研英语-翻译专项试题
河南师范大学考研英语-翻译专项试题一、考研英语翻译英译汉1．People’s attitudes towards gift giving may vary from country to country．A．人们的态度是国家之间要送礼物。
B．不同的国家的人对送礼的态度各不相同。
C．国与国之问人们对送礼物的看法不尽相同。
D．各国人们送礼的做法都在变化。
【答案】C【解析】本题的翻译要点是对“attitude”和“vary”这两短语意思的理解。
“attitude”意为“看法”，而不是“态度”、“做法”，“vary”是“各不相同”的意思，并不是“变化”。
因此选项A、B和D均存在不同程度的理解错误。
知识模块：英译汉2． Not until the problem 0f talents and funds is solved, is our talking about the project meaningful．A．不到解决人才和资金问题的时候，无须讨论这项工程的。
B．讨论这项工程有无意义要看人才和资金问题能否得到解决。
C．只有解决了人才和资金问题，讨论这项工程才有意义。
D．解决人才和资金问题与讨论这项工程具有同样重要的意义。
【答案】C【解析】本题的翻译要点是对“Not until…”这个句型的理解。
该句表示强调，意为“直到……才”。
选项D对句型理解有误。
选项A和选项B没有把强调的语气翻译出来，且选项A后半句有漏译现象。
知识模块：英译汉3．There is no way we’ll get lost in the mountains, since the tour guide has figured out the return route.A) 我们根本不会在山里迷路，因为导游已回到了原来的路线上。
B) 既然导游已经弄清了返程的路线，我们就绝不会在山里迷路。
C) 因为我们在山里迷失了方向无路可走，导游只好按原路返回。
河南师范大学831英语写作与翻译
2018年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码与名称：831英语写作与翻译适用专业或方向：外国语言文学、学科教学（英语）妥考试时间：3小时满分：150分试题编号：A卷（必须在答题纸上答题，在试卷上答题无效，答题纸可向监考老师索要）I.Term Explanation.(10%)Please Explain the Following Two Terms in English.a)Foreignization(5%)b)Functional equivalence(5%)II.English-Chinese Translation(40%)Translate the Underlined Parts into Chinese.Cross-racial hostility is the stepchild of racism.The dynamics of cross-racial hostility are created by the imbalances on treatment between racially oppressed people based on exaggerated differences among us.Each group has its unique history of discrimination,racial violence,and institutionalized prejudice.Historically、each group''served''a particular role in meeting the socioeconomic needs of white America. For example,during western expansion in the1800s,while the debate over versus slave state raged,thousands of Chinese men were brought in to work the mines and railroads.The Chinese were not slaves but they were not fi~ee.The Chinese were also subject to lynching and other forms of violence f?om whites because of their race. After working the mines and railroads,the Chinese were barred f?om the trades and all but domestic employment.For the most part they were left to support their own through family-owned undries,and restaurants in Chinatown ghettoes.The第1页，共3页same,yet not the same.Different,yet not different.Where differences among white people tend to be evened out by white privilege, differences among people of color arc blown out of proportion with personal jealousies and betrayal,encouraged by whites.The difference between the house nigger and the field nigger is a classic example of how differential/Dreferential treatment split and divided us.Both were slaves for lifb,but one was treated conspicuously better than the other.For examDle,"the light-skinned blacks,usually the offspring of white men and black women,were typically given the Dreferred work inside the master's home、while darker-skinned blacks were relegated to field work."There ws no guranttee this exemption would continue什om one day to the next. The house nigger's situation was always precarious.Their"privileges''and"status" could be taken away fbr any or no reason.In the daily ruthless li能and death struggle, the desire for preferential treatment often overshadowed fbelings of hatred for the master and replaced it with jealous hatred for each other.III.Chinese-English Translation(40%)Translate the Following Chinese Passage into English.文化是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂。
河南师范大学244英语
........................优质文档..........................2018年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码与名称：244英语适用专业或方向：日语语言文学法语语言文学表考试时间：3小时满分：100分试题编号：A春（必须在答题纸上答题，在试卷上答题无效，答题纸可向监考老师索要）Part I Cloze（每小题1分,共20分）Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage.You should write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Even though it was only October,my students were already whispering about Christmas plans.With each passing day everyone became more1waiting for the final school bell.Upon its2everyone would run for their coats and go hone,everyone except David.David was a small boy in ragged clothes.I had often3what kind of home life David had,and what kind of mother could send her son to school dressed so4or the cold winter months,without a coat,boots,or gloves.But something made David5 I can still remember he was always6a smile and willing to help.He always7 after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor.We never talked much.He8 just smile and ask what else he could do,then thank me for letting him stay and slowly9 home.Weeks passed and the10over the coming Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of 11before the holiday break.I smiled in12as the last of them hurried out the door.Turning around I saw David13standing by my desk.“I have something for you"he said14from behind his back a small box._[5it to me,he said anxiously,"Open it".I took the box from him,thanked him and slowly unwrapped it.I lift the lid and to my16saw nothing I looked at David's smiling face and back into the box and said."The box is nice,David,but it's17.“Oh no,it isn't"said David"It's full of love,my mum told me before she died that love was something you couldn't see or touch unless you know it's there".Tears filled my eves18I looked at the proud dirty race that I had rarely given19to.After that Christmas,David and I became good friends and I never forgot the meaning20the little empty box set on my desk.第1页，共8页1.A.anxious B.courageous C.serious D.cautious2.A.warning B.ringing C.calling D.yelling3.A.scolded B.wondered C.realized D.learned4.A.modestly B.naturally C.inaccurately D.inappropriately5.A.popular B.upset C.special D.funny6.A.expressing B.delivering C.wearing D.sharing7.A.practiced B.wandered C.studied D.stayed8.A.would B.should C.might D.could9.A.aim at B.turn to C.put off D.head for10.A.argument B.excitement C.movement D.program11.A.school B.year cation D.program12.A.relief B.return C.vain D.control13.A.weakly B.sadly C.quietly D.helplessly14.A.searched B.found C.raised D.pulled15.A.Holding B.Handing C.Sending D.Leaving16.A.delight B.expectation C.appreciation D.surprise17.A.cheap B.empty eless D.improper18.A.as B.until C.because D.though19.A.advice B.support C.attention mand20.A.from B.behind C.over D.towardsPart II Reading Comprehension(每小题2分，共40分)Directions:There are4passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage1An English dictionary is the most important thing you will need when learning English.A good dictionary will help you learn hundreds of new words,improve your pronunciation and grammar.When you think of a dictionary,you usually think of a bilingual dictionary,such as an English-German dictionary and a French-English dictionary.There is also another kind of dictionary: an English-English(monolingual)dictionary.Such a dictionary is written only in English.English words are defined or explained in English.English-English dictionaries are better than bilingual dictionaries in that English definitions are real English phrases with grammar and words.There are two kinds of English-English dictionaries:dictionaries for learners and dictionaries for native speakers.Dictionaries for native speakers are used by Americans,Britons,etc.to look up very difficult words,such as tintinnabulation.Dictionaries for learners are used by people who are learning English as a second language.第2页，共8页Dictionaries for native speakers usually have more words than dictionaries for learners,but the definitions are complicated,and there are fewer example sentences.If possible,get a software dictionary instead of a paper one.Software dictionaries let you look up words very quickly.What's more,a computer dictionary has more space than a paper one,so it can give more information or it can present the same information in a clearer way.In many software dictionaries,you can listen to recordings,too.A good dictionary must give example sentences for every word.Example sentences are not just helpful—they are actually more important than definitions.While a definition tells you the meaning of a word and sometimes gives you some grammatical information,example sentences can have more advantages.They let you check if you've understood the definition correctly,show you how to use a word in sentences and program your brain to produce correct English sentences.It is a good idea to have at least two dictionaries:a large one to use at home,and a small one to carry with you.It is an even better idea to have at least two large dictionaries.Two example sentences are better than one.With more examples,you have a more complete picture of how a word is used and you can express more in English better.21.Which of the following statements about dictionaries is NOT true?A.A Chinese-English dictionary is a bilingual dictionary.B.Definitions in bilingual dictionaries are real English phrases with grammar and words.C.English words in English-English dictionaries are defined or explained in English.D.English words in English-English dictionaries are not translated.22.If you are a Chinese college student,and favor as many example sentences as possible to learnEnglish words,what kind of dictionary will be the best choice?A.A large bilingual dictionary for native speakers.B.A large bilingual dictionary for learners.C.A large monolingual dictionary for native speakers.D.A large monolingual dictionary for learners.23.What is the possible meaning of the underlined word l,tintinnabulation"in Paragraph three?A.Difficult.B.Dictionaries for learners.C.Dictionaries for native speakers.D.No hint to reveal its meaning.24.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.Typing a word on a keyboard is faster than turning pages in a large,heavy dictionary.B.Software dictionaries rather than paper ones can tell you how to pronounce a word.C.A paper dictionary can provide more information than a software one.D.A computer dictionary can present the same information in a clearer way than a paper one.25.Why are example sentences more important than definitions?A.It is not definition but example sentences that can provide some grammatical information.B.Example sentences can help you check whether the definition of a word is correct or not.C.Example sentences can help you learn the usage of a word.第3页，共8页D.Example sentences can program your brain to pronounce English sentences correctly. Passage2“Mind over matter"is an English saying meaning that we can control our bodies with our minds. Now scientists are finding more increasing evidence that our mind can have a great effect on our physical health.Since our mind influences how we feel,its impossible to say that someone is il! just because he feels ili.The influence of the mind on how we feel is the basis of what is known as the placebo effect.A placebo(which is Latin for"I shall please".)is a harmless,inactive substance.Patients are sometimes given placebo pills and begin to feel better because they believe that they have been given real drugs and expect to respond to them.The placebo effect is very strong:research on pain suggests that up to30%of the effect of most painkillers is a placebo effect.So if it's so powerful,why don't doctors use it today?According to Dr.Persaud,they really do.11Al I these things like wearing a white coat,going to a hospital,being scanned have a very strong placebo effect,"he says.26.The English saying"mind over matter"means that.A.sound mind is more important than good healthB.our mind has strong effect on our bodyC.our physical health has nothing to do with our mindD.mental health mainly depends on physical health27.According to the first paragraph,if you feel ill,.A.you don't need to see a doctorB.you are still in good conditionC.it doesn't necessarily mean that you are physically illD.it is obvious that you suffer from a disease28.According to the passage,placebos.A.are real effective pillsB.are not real drugsC.can relieve all kinds of painD.may make patients feel worse29.The placebo effect is based on.A.a response of the body to drugsB.a harmless,inactive substanceC.the constant use of some special drugsD.the influence of our minds on our bodies30.From the passage it can be seen that there will be no placebo effect if a patient.A.is dressed in whiteB.has a physical examC.takes sugar pillsD.sees a doctor第4页，共8页Passage3If you are a male and you are reading this,congratulations:you are a survivor.According to statistics,you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman,and nine times more likeiy to die of AIDS.Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term,about78years for men in Australia,you will die on average five years before a woman.There are many reasons for this,typically,men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly,men don't go to the doctor."Men aren't seeing doctors as often as they should,"says Dr.Gullotta,"This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to strike.”Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two.For those over45,it should be at least once a year.Two months ago,Gullotta saw a50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker's cough for a year."When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer,"he says,,"Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him,but it would have prolonged his life. **According to a recent survey,95%of women aged between15and early40s see a doctor once a year,compared to70%of men in the same age group.U A lot of men think they are invincible（不可战胜的）,"Gullotta says."They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think,"Geez,if it couldhappen to him,Then there is the ostrich approach,“some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know,"says Dr.Ross Cartmill."Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,"Cartmill says. He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups.''Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain(紧张)on the public purse,"Cartmill says."But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases.Besides,the ultimate cost is far greater：it is called premature death."31.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?A.They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.B.Their average life span has been considerably extended.C.They have lived long enough to read this article.D.They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier life.32.What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on averagethan women?A.Men drink and smoke much more than women.B.Men don't seek medical care as often as women.C.Men aren't as cautions as women in face of danger.D.Men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases.第5页，共8页33.Which of the following best completes the sentence—"Geez,if it could happen to him,?(Iine2,para,8)A.it could happen to me,tooB.I should avoid playing golfC.I should consider myself luckyD.it would be a big misfortune34.What does Dr.Ross Cartmill mean by"the ostrich approach"?(line1,Para.9)A.a casual attitude towards one's health conditionsB.a new therapy for certain psychological problemsC.refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involvedD.unwillingness to find out about one's disease because of fear35.What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?A.They may increase public expensesB.They will save money in the long runC.They may cause psychological strains on menD.They will enable men to live as long as womenPassage4A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading.It is remarkable first for what it contains:the range of news from local crime to international politics,from sport to business to fashion to science,and the range of comment and special features（特写）as well,from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books,art,theatre and music.A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it:never completely,never straight through,but always by jumping from here to there,in and not glancing at one piece,reading another article all the way through,reading just a few paragraphs of the next.A good modern newspaper offers variety to attract many different readers,but far more than nay one reader is interested in.What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality（时事性），its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now,but immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what papers in a newspaper has no more than transient（短暂的）value.For all these reasons,no two people really read the same paper:what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day's paper,his own selection and sequence,his own newspaper.For all these reasons,reading newspapers efficiently,which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time,demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.36.A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following except its.A.wide coverageB.uniform styleC.speed in reporting newsD.popularity37.According to the passage,the reason why no two people really read the"same"newspaper is that第6页，共8页.A.people scan for the news they are interested inB.different people prefer different newspapersC.people are rarely interested in the same kind of newsD.people have different views about what a good newspaper is38.lt can be conclude from the passage that newspaper readers.A.apply reading techniques skillfullyB.jump from one newspaper to anotherC.appreciate the variety of a newspaperually read a newspaper selectively39.A good newspaper offers"a variety"to readers because.A.it tries to serve different readersB.it has to cover things that happen in a certain localityC.readers are difficult to pleaseD.readers like to read different newspapers4O.The best title for this passage would be"A.The Importance of Newspaper TopicalityB.The Characteristics of a Good NewspaperC.The Variety of a Good NewspaperD.Some Suggestions on How to Read a NewspaperPart III Translation（每部分10分,共20分）Section A（10分）Directions:For this section,you are allowed to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.最近在高校毕业生拝业问题上出现一种倾向，这就是毕业生越来越青睐在公司工作，很少人到研究单位。