河南省南乐县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解编练(二)

河南南乐县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮编练（二）【2016高考训练题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

As with every other invasive（入侵的）species, introducing worms to an ecosystem（生态系统）that developed without them has an effect on everything that lives there.This concern is very clear in the Great Lakes region. Non — native earthworms（蚯蚓）have been in North America for a couple hundred years, brought over from Europe with soils and plants. More recently, Asian species, sold as fishing bait（饵料）, have started to spread in the Great Lakes region, where there are no native earthworms.In these earthworm-free forests, when leaves fall onto the forest floor and plants and animals die, they build up into what’s called the duff（腐殖质）layer. In this area, it was just bacteria that broke down the organic material for plants to consume and take up. Earthworms come in, they do their job and do it extremely well — they take that forest floor and turn it into the rich black soil you find in your garden.That sounds great-but the local plants and animals in the Great Lakes region are used to living with the duff layer, not in the rich soil associated with earthworms. In addition, the rich top soil left by earthworms can wash out in a heavy rain. The differently produced soil is a problem as well. Ther e’s a mat of fine roots in that duff layer-that’s where a lot of our native plants put their root system. When that duff is gone, it’s a lot harder for them to put their roots into the mineral（矿物质的）soil.1. What is t he author’s attitude towards the work of invasive earthworms ?A. Supportive.B. Worried.C. Doubtful.D. Respectful.2. How does the Asian species affect the ecosystem of the Great Lakes Region?A. By changing the soil.B. By Killing the native species.C. By eating the native plants.D. By serving as fishing bait.3. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about ________.A. Asian earthw orms’ work is helpful to the roots of the native plants.B. The native plants have finally adapted to the rich black soil.C. The Asian earthworms caused great problems for the local plants.D. The local plants find it easy to put their roots into the mineral soil.本文讲述了作为鱼饵被引入到美洲五大湖区的亚洲蚯蚓由于改变了当地的土壤环境，而影响当地植物的生长，破坏了生态环境。

1. B.从开头作者就谈到把蚯蚓引到一个无蚯蚓生态区会对生活在那里的万物产生影响。

第二段开头又提到。

这种担心在五大湖区是显而易见的。

因此作者字里行间流露出对亚洲蚯蚓带来的生态影响的担心。

2. A.从第三段可知，在没有蚯蚓的森林中，落叶和动物尸体会堆积成腐殖层，它们是由细菌来分解成可供给植物来吸收的成分的。

蚯蚓到来后，它们把地表的腐殖层(特点是:因为是落叶腐烂形成的，所以松软，植物容易扎根。

)变成了肥沃的黑土，即第四段中所讲的the mineral soil(矿物质层)(特点是:因为被蚯蚓消化分解后的腐叶实质上已经变成了颗粒团状粪便，比腐殖质要有粘性，坚硬)，从第四段最后两句可知，而这使得习惯了在腐殖质土层植根的当地植物很难在矿物质土层中扎根，植物不能很好的生长了，自然会导致生态系统的破坏。

3. C.最后一段从腐殖质土壤被改变，新形成的矿物质土壤易流失，和当地植物很难在矿物质土层中扎根等三个方面论述了亚洲蚯蚓对五大湖区生态的影响。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

(Men Are Carry ing on a Sex-fight)This i s supposed to be an enlightened age, but you wouldn’t think of if you could heat what the average man thinks of the average woman/ Women won their independence years ago. After a long, bitter struggle, they now enjoy the same educational opportunities as men in most parts of the world. They have proved repeatedly that they are equal and often superior to men in almost every field. The hard-fought battle for recognition has been won, but it is by no means over. It is men, not women who still carry on the sex war because their attitude remains basically hostile. Even in the most progressive societies, women continue to be regarded as second-rate citizens. To hear some men talk, you’d think that women belonged to a different species!On the surface, the comment s made by men about women’s abilities seem light-hearted. The same tired jokes about women drivers are repeated day in, day out. This apparent light-heartedness dose not conceal the real contempt that men feel for women. However much men sneer at women, their claims to superiority are not borne out by statistics. Let’s consider the matter of driving, for instance. We all know that women cause far fewer accidents than men. They are too conscientious and responsible to drive like maniacs. But this is a minor quibble. Women have succeeded in any job you care to name. As politicians, soldiers, doctors, factory-hands, university professors, farmers, company directors, lawyers, bus-conductors, scientists and presidents of countries theyhave often put men to shame. And we must remember that they frequently succeed brilliantly in all these fields in addition to bearing and rearing children.Yet men go on maintaining the fiction that there are many jobs women can’t don Top-level political negotiation between countries, business and banking are almost entirely controlled by men, who jealously guard their so-called ‘rights’. Even in otherwise enlightened places like Switzerland women haven’t even been given the cote. This situation is preposterous! The arguments that me n put forward to exclude women from these fields are all too familiar. Women, they say, are unreliable and irrational. They depend too little on cool reasoning and too much on intuition and instinct to arrive at decisions. They are not even capable of thinking clearly. Yet when women prove their abilities, men refuse to acknowledge them and give them their due. So much for a man’s ability to think clearly!The truth is that men cling to their supremacy because of their basic inferiority complex. They shun real competition. They know in their hearts that women are superior and they are afraid of being beaten at their own game. One of the most important tasks in the world is to achieve peace between the nations. You can be sure that if women were allowed to sit round the conference table, they would succeed brilliantly, as they always do, there men have failed for centuries. Some things are too important to be left to men!1. What does the first sentence imply?[A]. It is not really an enlightened age. . It is different from an enlightened age.[C]. It is the same as an enlightened age. [C]. It is like an enlightened age.2. Why do men carry on the sex war against women?[A]. Because of their inferiority. . Because they shun real competition.[C]. Because of their claim to supremacy. [D]. Because they still look down upon women.3. The “fiction” is closest in meaning to[A]. Novel. . Man-made idea. [C]. False idea. [D]. Story.4. What is the main argument men have raised against women?[A]. Women are lack of cold reasoning. . They depend on intuition too much.[C]. They are unreliable and irrational. [C]. They are too still look down upon women.Vocabulary1. conscientious 认真的，真心实意的2. maniac 疯狂的，疯子3. preposterous 反常的，荒谬的4. quibble 狡辩，摸棱两可难句译注1. the inferiority complex 自卑情绪，指一种由自悲感引起的复杂心理状态，对应词是the superiority complex 自高情绪2. So much for a man’s ability to think clearly! 这是对男人想清楚能力的讽刺，译文应根据上下文而定。