2006_06_22_global
浅谈英语和德语的关系
浅谈英语和德语的关系武汉大学雷蕾华中科技大学毕业设计（论文）摘要近些年来，世界各国人民对学习德语和德国文化的兴趣与日俱增。
表现最突出是人们把德语作为一种科学语言来学习，对此最好的说明是越来越多的大学生和科技工作者在学习德语。
其次是德语作为一种国际贸易语言运用的范围越来越广，德国的一些知名企业特别是汽车和电气企业,例如大众，西门子等在全球范围类的经营扩张，也使得德语为越来越多的人们认可和接受。
而英语作为全球运用最为广泛的语言，一直都是我们大学生最重视的课程之一。
在这个过程中，我们不难发现许多德语词与英语词相似，这是因为它们都源出于印欧语系日耳曼语族西日耳曼语支，这类词叫做同源词。
以德语词汇来说，大部分单词或词根与英语完全相同或相近，有人统计，英语与德语相同或相近的词汇不下8000个。
与此同时，随着全球化的进一步发展，不断深入的国际政治、经济合作以及通讯、信息系统特别是因特网领域的飞速进步，在德语语言中还将有越来越多的有越来越多的英语外来词被引入德语，并将对德国社会的各个领域产生诸多影响。
本文将从当今德语中比比皆是的英语现象出发，从历史，社会，文化的角度阐释这一现象的本源，探索这一现象发生发展的推动力量，介绍德国社会各界对这一现象的不同看法，并着重从英语对德语词汇的影响，德英双语语序的比较研究，德英双语构词方式的比较研究，英语和德语词序对比以及德语的发展前景等几个方面揭示英语对德语的影响及英语与德语之间密不可分的内在联系。
关键词：华中科技大学毕业设计（论文）InhaltsangabeIn der jüngesten vergangenen Jahren haben sich die weltweit Leidenschaft für Deutschlernen kontinuerlich verstärkt .V or allem wird Deutsch als eine wissenschaftliche und techinologische Sprache gelernt,das mit immer mehr Deutschlerner aus Studenten und Wissenschaftler begründet wird. Zweitens wird Deutsch als eine internationale Handelssprach immer häufiger und verbreiter gebraucht und die bekannte deutschen Unternehmen,insbesondere die Autos und Elektroniksfirma führen bei glabaler Bewirtschaftung des multiinternationalen Unternehmen zur Popularität der deutschen Sprache.In diesem Prozess ist nicht schwer zu finden,die Ähnlichkeit zweischen deutschem und englischem Wortschtz,weil sie beiden aus Germanische Sprache Indo-Europäischen stammen und diese Wörter werden Cognates bezeichnet.In deutschem Wortschatz ist leicht zu sehen,dass die meisten Wörter oder Basis völlig gleich mit englchen.Einer Statistik zufolge sind die gleichen und ähnlichen Wörter in beider Sprache nicht weniger als 8000.Daneben werden vielen englischen Fremdwörtern in deutsche Sprache eingeführt wegen der weiteren Entwicklung der Globalisierung,vertiefenden internationalen Zusammenarbeit im Gebiet der Politik und Wirtschaft sowie dem schnellen Fortschritt der Nachrichtentechnik und des Informationssystems. Jede Bereiche der deutschen Gesellschaft wird deswegen tiefgehend beeinflusst werden: In diesem Artickel werde ich beginnen mit det englischen Eigenschaften in deutschen Sprache und versuche ,aus historischer ,sozialer und kultureller Perspektiv diese Erscheinung zu eklären,verschiedeneMeinungen in deutscher Gesellschaft vorzustellen und auch auf die Einflüsse von englischer Sprache wert zu legen.S tichwörte r ：华中科技大学毕业设计（论文）目录摘要........................................................................................................................................1. 引言...................................................................................................................................2. 德语中的英语现象...........................................................................................................3. 从语言史上看德语与英语的渊源...................................................................................3.1...........................................................................................................................................3.2...........................................................................................................................................4. 德英双语构词方式比较...................................................................................................4.1 .........................................................................................................................................4.2 .........................................................................................................................................5. 德英双语语序比较...........................................................................................................6. 德语的发展前景7. 结束语............................................................................................................................... 谢词........................................................................................................................................ 参考文献................................................................................................................................华中科技大学毕业设计（论文）1.引言华中科技大学毕业设计（论文）2.德语中的英语现象1990年到2009年之间德国公众语言中出现的新词里面,有60%是英语(英式或美式)外来词,或由它们德语化的词①。
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雅思写作Task2真题
2006/1/7People believe that they should be able to keep all the money they earn and should not pay tax to the state. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2006/1/14There are social, medical, and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of the mobile phone?2006/1/21At present, science has been developing at a high speed, but people still have a high opinion of artists. What can the arts tell us of the life that science cannot?2006/2/11In many countries, the proportion of older people is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on the society?2006/2/18Some people believe that air travel should be restricted because it causes serious pollution and uses up the world's fuel resources. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2006/2/25More and more measures to improve the security in the urban area have been introduced because of the increased crime. Do the benefits of the measures outweigh the drawbacks?2006/3/11In many countries, more and more young people are leaving school and unable to find jobs after graduation. What problems do you think youth unemployment will cause to the individual and the society? Give reasons and make some suggestions.2006/3/18Some people think that teachers should be responsible for teaching students how to judge right and wrong and how to behave well. Some say that teachers should only teach students about academic subjects. Discuss both views and give your opinion.2006/3/25Long distance flight uses more fuel than car and brings pollution to the environment. We should discourage non-essential flight rather than limit the use of car. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2006/ 04 / 08Space travel to the moon, cited as a big step for the mankind. Some people think it made little difference to our daily lives. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2006/ 04 / 22History is little or nothing to tell people. Others believe people must study history to understand the present. Please discuss.2006/ 04 / 29Some people believe that national sports teams and individual men and women who represent their country should be financially supported by the government. Others think they should be funded by non-government organizations （business, scholarship）.2006/ 05 / 13Housing shortage in big cities can cause severe consequences. Only government action can solve this problem.To what extent do you agree or disagree?2006/ 05 / 20Do the problems brought by international travel outweigh the advantages?2006/ 05 / 27Some people think that the use of animal for experimentation is cruel. Other think it is good for the development of science. Discuss the two sides and give your opinion.2006/ 2006 / 10Nowadays some people like to give help to the local community or provide people with direct help. Other people prefer to give money to national and international organizations.Discuss both of the two ways and present your own opinion.2006/ 2006 / 17The best way to solve the world's environmental problems is to increase the price of fuel. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Use your own experience and give an example to support your idea.2006/ 2006 / 24Some people think that it is beneficial for students to go to private secondary schools, but other people think that it can have a negative effect.Discuss the two points and give your own opinion.2006 / 07 / 08In a modern society, it has been observed in some countries that the elderly are not duly respected. Discuss the reasons why this has occurred and the effects it might have on our society.2006 / 07 /22Is it better for students to live at home with their parents or in school accommodations? Give your own opinion on the issue. Use your own experience or an example to support your idea.2006 / 07/ 29Earlier technological development brought more benefits changes to the life of ordinary people than the recent technological development will. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2006 / 08/ 05Some people think museums should be enjoyable places to attract and entertain young people. Other think the purpose of museums is educate, not entertain.Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.2006 / 08/ 12In order to learn a language well, we should also learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it.To what extent do you agree or disagree?2006 / 08/ 26Multi-cultural societies, which are a mixture of different ethnic groups, bring more benefits than drawbacks for a country.To what extend do you agree or disagree with this conclusion?2006 / 09/ 02In some countries, advertisers increase the amount of advertising which try to persuade children to buy snacks, toys，and other goods. Parents object such pressure on children. But some advertisers claim that there is useful information in these advertisements.Discuss both views and give your opinion.2006 / 09/ 16Some people think the students should take the subjects which are decided by the government in the university. Others think that students can apply for the subjects they prefer. Discuss the two situations and give your opinion.2006 / 09/ 23Young adults should undertake unpaid work to help people in the community. Do you think it brings more drawbacks to the community and the young adults than benefits?2006 / 10 / 14Some people think the main purpose of schools is to turn the children into good citizens and workers, rather than to benefit them as individuals.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?2006 / 10 / 22The speeding up of life in many areas such as travel and communication has negative effects on society at all levels—individual, national and global. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2006 / 10 / 29Some people think that increasing business and cultural contacts have positive influences on development; others think that it has negative effects on national identities. Discuss both views and give your opinion.2006 / 11/ 04Some people think that good health is very important to every person, so medical services should not be run by profit-making companies. Do the disadvantages of private health care outweigh the advantage?2006 / 11/ 18Some people think secondary students should study international news as a school subject, but others argue that it is a waste of their valuable school time. What's your opinion?2006 / 11/ 25Exposure to international media, e.g. films, TV and magazines, has an impact on the local culture. Please discuss whether the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.2006 / 12/ 02Throughout the history, male leaders often made the society more violent and conflicting. If women governed the world, it would be a more peaceful world. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give an example to support your idea.2006 / 12/ 09Modern buildings are appearing in large numbers, some people believe that we should build our buildings in traditional styles. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2006 / 12/ 16Some people believe that personal happiness is directly related to economic success. Others believe there are other factors. Discuss the two sides and give your opinion.07.01.06The world of work is changing rapidly, so people cannot always depend on their jobs. Analyze the reasons of such phenomenon and offer the measures to solve it.07.01.13Some people think universities should provide knowledge and skills related to future career; others think the true function of the university is to give access to knowledge for its own sake. What is your pinion of the main function of the university?07.01.20Some people say the government should pay for the health care and education, but others say that it is not the government’s responsibility. Discuss and give your opinion.07.02.03Individuals can do nothing to improve the environment, only governments and large companies can make a difference. To what extent do you agree or disagree?07.02.10People think the public library will be replaced by the computer. To what extent do you agree or disagree?07.03.03Some people think schools should select pupils according to their academic ability, and others believe pupils with different abilities should be educated together. Discuss both views and give your opinion. Use an example to support your idea.07.03.10More and more people use the mobile phone or computer to communicate, and no longer write letters to each other. Some people think the skills of letter writing will soon disappear completely. Do you agree or disagree? How important do you think letter-writing is?07.03.31It is now possible to perform. everyday tasks as banking, shopping and business transactions without meeting people face-to-face. What is the effect it may bring on the individual and the society as a whole?07.04.14The society would benefit from the ban on all forms of advertising because it serves no useful purposes and can even be damaging. To some extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?07.04.21Customers are faced with increasing amounts of advertising due to the competition among companies. To what extent do you think consumers are influenced by advertisements? And what measures can be taken to protect their interests?07.04.28Air transport is increasingly used to export fruits and vegetables to other countries where they cannot be grown or are out of season. Some people believe that this is a good thing, but others consider this use of air transport can’t be justified. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.07.05.12The unpaid community service should be a compensatepart in high college programs (such as helping your neighbour or teaching the children sports or working for the charity).To what extent do you agree or disagree?07.05.19Nowadays, computer is used more and more in education. Do you think in which areas computer is more important and in which areas teachers are more important？07.06.02Many developing countries are increasingly expanding their tourism industry. Why is this the case? Is it a positive development?07.06.09Nowadays, some people claim that public museums and art galleries will not be needed because people can see historical objects and works by using computer. Do you agree or disagree?07.06.16In many countries, traditional foods are being replaced by international fast foods. This is having a negative effect on both families and societies. To what extent do you agree or disagree?07.06.28 (加考)The natural resources such as oil, forests and fresh water are being consumed at an alarming rate. What problems does it cause? How can we solve these problems?07.07.07In some countries, schools aim to provide a general education across a range of subjects. In others, children focus on a narrow range of subjects related to a particular career. For today’s world, which of these systems is more appropriate?07.07.14Lectures were used in the past as an old way of teaching a large number of students. As new technology is now available for education, some people suggest that there is no justification for lectures. To what extent do you agree or disagree?07.07.21As we are facing more and more problems which affect the whole planet, good relationships between different countries are becoming more important than ever before. To what extent do you agree or disagree?07.07.26（加考）Team activities can teach more skills for life than those activities which are played alone. To what extent do you agree or disagree?07.08.11It is known to all that the technological and scientific advances have made greater changes to the range and quality of our food. Some people regard it as an improvement while others believe that the change is harmful. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 07.08.11Some people think the food has been changed by technological and scientific advances is improved, but others worry that is harmful. Describe both sides and give your opinion.2007.8.11The range and quality of the food have been improved by the advancement of science and technology. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages about this and present your view. 2007.8.18Should we invent a new language for people from different countries to use for the international communication? Do you think there are more benefits or more problems with it 07.08.25Some people say that it is the responsibility of individuals to save money for their own care after they retire. To what extent do you agree or disagree?07.09.01Some people think that studying in a college or university is the best way for students to prepare for their future career. But others think they should leave school as soon as possible to develop their career through work experience. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.07.09.08The unlimited use of cars may cause many problems. What are those problems? In order to reduce the problems, should we discourage people to use cars?07.09.20（北京、杭州、深圳）Many countries spend a lot of money in art. Some people think investment in art is necessary, but others say money is better spent on improving health and education. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.07.09.22Higher education can be funded in several ways including the following three:1. All costs are paid by the government.2. All costs are paid by the student.3. All costs are paid by the student using loans from the government that must be repaid after graduation.Discuss the benefits of each option. Which is the best one?07.10.06（加考）Today’s children are living under more pressure from the society than children in the past. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?07.10.13Some employers think that formal academic qualifications are more important than life experiences and personal qualities when they look for an employee. Why is it the case? Is it a positive or negative development?07.10.20Some people think it is better for children to begin to learn a foreign language at primary school than at secondary school. What's your opinion? Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?07.10.25Some people think the only purpose of prison is to punish crime. Others think it has other functions. Discuss the two views and give your opinions.07.11.03The government should pay for the course fees for everyone who wants to study at the university. To what extent do you agree or disagree?07.11.17Nowadays, a large amount of advertising is aimed at children, some people think there are lots of negative effects for children, and should ban it. To what extent you agree or disagree?07.11.24Some people believe that giving aid to poorer countries hasmore negative effects than the positive effects. To what extent do you agree or disagree?07.12.01We have entered a throw-away society and fill the environment with rubbish. What are the causes and what are your solutions?07.12.08Many people believe that main aim for university education is help graduates to find better job, while some people believe that university education has wider benefit for individual and society. Discuss both view and give your opinion.07.12.15Today, it is common that TV news programmes show the images of disasters and violence to the public. Discuss the reasons and the effects on the individual and the society. 08.10.10some people believe children spent time on TV, video and PC games are good and some believe thatis bad, talk about these two views and give your own opinion20080112大作文有人说为了减少crime，应该longer prison sentences，有人说，应该有更多的alternative ways to reduce crime。
查找资料方法
1、查询客户资料的常用方法：1): 地名+DOCC2): 英文地名+DOCE3): 地名+aboutus.htm4): 地名（中文或英文,即”东莞”或”dongguan”,下同）+asp(或php)5): 地名（中文或英文）+ index6): 地名（中文或英文）+ 800 X 600（之前常用显示标准，现在是1024 X 768）7): 地名（中文或英文）+Tel:86-7698): 地名（中文或英文）+athena/contact 查询阿里巴巴东莞客户的联系方式9): 地名（中文或英文）+同行网址(如：)10): 地名（中文或英文）+同行网站代码（代码可到同行网站点开其的客户案例，看案例网址后面的字符即可）11): 版权+地名（中文或英文）12): 技术支持：公司名称（如：铭万）13): 反查IP服务器网址，查询到同行客户的IP后反查即可（建议）14): 查找有做ICP备案的企业方法：-icp dongguan co.,ltd-粤icp备东莞公司16）：地名+厂房（剪彩、搬迁、开业、开工……）17)：查询各大展会，利用高级搜索指定网站搜索相关修信息18）：地名+版权所有2006(查询06做的网站，或用高级搜索)/地名+2006开通19）：输入：.xls "东莞" (总经理)-高级搜索/.xls "法人" (外贸)/MBA/高尔夫/注册资金/出口额/海外乱码/行业/英文/证书（出口证/消防证/及其它出口企业）/同行（服务范围）/广交会（其它展会）/车友会/台商协会/俱乐部/同乡会20）、设定快讯；21）、/script/FILE/INFO_n.asp?N_ID=692东莞外经贸网22)、查询淘宝商城客户：进入淘宝主网，进入网上商城23）、搜索东莞知名企业博客/blog/chqllm/article/b0-i2563721.html24）、在谷歌海外站点输入：dongguan co.,ltddongguan co.,ltd @(后辍可换)，可换邮箱25）、终合性查询IP，同IP，网站价值等工具15):常用查询资料网址:●●中国制造●阿里巴巴或●环球资源●惠聪●中国供应商●香港贸发局●外贸网址大全：●按行业查询: ●/业务员网●/快速查找资料一、查找在东莞使用.cn域名的企业：在搜索引擎中搜索“东莞公司inurl:.cn”二、搜索在门户网站上做广告的东莞企业：1、将鼠标放在广告上，查找到相应代码2、粘贴代码，复制进谷歌中“高级搜索”中的“包含关键字句”，3、然后在“字词位置”选最后一项三，搜索阿里巴巴上的诚信通企业或者：东莞开关athena contact inrul:东莞开关athena contact inrul:四、搜索淘宝店广东东莞user-rate inurl:注：inurl：意思是：url表示目标网址，inurl则表示在某一范围结果中查找如何找到国外客户的几个方法dongguan co.,ltd 86-769 inurl:es filetype:aspdongguan（可改成东莞的拼音或某个行业的英文单词或拼音）769（城市区号：改成769）asp（表示用asp技术制作的网站，也可改成php、html。
2006年中欧预录--欧洲公司名录
2006年中欧预录--欧洲公司名录航天航空领域 (10)723 ACATIVE SPACE TECHNOLOGIES 国家：葡萄牙 (10)864 ADR SA 国家：法国 (10)1104 AEROLITE MAX BUCHER AG 国家：瑞士 (11)1569 AIR 国家：法国INDUSTRIES 国家：法国 (11)1746 AIRBUS 国家：法国 (11)1699 AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND 国家：德国 (11)1698 AIRBUS SAS 国家：法国 (11)1948 AL CATEL ALENIA SPACE 国家：法国 (11)38672 AL CATEL ALENIA SPACE ITALIA S.P.A. 国家：意大利 (11)1960 ALCATEL ALENIA SPACE ITAL Y 国家：意大利 (11)2029 ALCATEL SPACE 国家：法国 (11)37813 ALCATEL SPACE 国家：荷兰 (11)247 ALTRA INDUSTRIAL MOTION INC 国家：法国 (11)2746 ANA AEROPORTOS DE PORTUGAL 国家：葡萄牙 (11)3617 ASSOXIATION DU TECHNOPOLE DU MADRILLET 国家：法国 (11)3664 ASSYSTEM 国家：法国 (11)3987 ATMEL NANTES SA 国家：法国 (11)38700 AUBERT — DUV AL 国家：法国 (11)4335 AUXITROL 国家：法国 (12)5272 BODYCOTE MA TERIALS ENGINEERING DIVISION 国家：英国 (12)38743 LCIE 国家：法国 (12)5899 BUREAU VERITUS QUALITY INTERNA TIONAL HOLDING SA 英国 (12)6058 C.A.E.N. AEROSPACE 国家：意大利 (12)6269 CAPITAL A VIATION SERVICES LTD 国家：英国 (12)38719 CBAFLEXBALL 国家：法国 (12)7032 CEBANOR-SOTRABAN 国家：法国 (12)7166 CENAERO 国家：比利时 (12)7944 CIRAITALIAN AEROSPACE RESEARCH CENTER 国家：意大利 (12)36270 CLUSTER W ALLONIE ESPACE 国家：比利时 (13)37785 CNES 国家：法国 (13)8340 CODECHAMP 国家：法国 (13)8672 COMPOSYSTEM 国家：西班牙 (13)9576 CYBEL 国家：法国 (13)38851 DAHER INTERNA TIONAL 国家：法国 (13)9683 DAHER LHOTELLIER CSI 国家：法国 (13)9808 DART A VIATION 国家:法国 (13)10128 DEFONTAINE 国家：法国 (13)10595 DIEHL — EAGLE PICHER GMBH 国家：德国 (13)38153 EADS ASTRIUM 国家：法国 (13)38679 EADS ASTRIUM 国家：法国 (13)38735 EADS ASTRIUM 国家：德国 (14)37882 EADS ASTRIUM GMBH 国家：德国 (14)11273 国家：德国 (14)12452 ERA TECHNOLOGY LTD 国家：英国 (14)38805 ESA 欧洲空间局国家：法国 (14)38257 EUROCONTROL S.P.A. 国家：法国 (14)13433 E-VOLUZIONE DI F M SACERDOTI SRL 国家：意大利 (14)14890 GALILEO A VIONICA 国家：意大利 (14)15990 GRUPPO VITROCISET SPA 国家：意大利 (14)38808 GSE 国家：法国 (14)16018 GTD SISTEMAS DE INFORMACION 国家：西班牙 (14)17801 IN LHC 国家：法国 (15)38293 INTECS HRT SPA 国家：意大利 (15)18365 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vif-competence centre 国家：奥地利 (22)19556 国家：法国 (22)4847 LATECIS 国家：法国 (22)20166 LEGRIS AUTOLINE 国家：法国 (22)20425 LISI AUTOMOTIVE FORMER 国家：法国 (22)21046 国家：法国 (22)21085 MANUFACTURA MODERNA DE METALES 法国 (23)21377 MATIS TECHNOLOGIES 国家：法国 (23)21581 MCB INDUSTRIE 国家：法国 (23)22469 MIRA LTD 法国：英国 (23)22927 MYCALE 国家：法国 (23)23704 NTN TRANSMISSIONS EUROPE 国家：日本 (23)23948 OKTAL SYNTHETIC ENVIRONMENT 国家：法国 (23)24188 ORECA 法国 (23)38745 ORL Y ELECTRIC 法国 (23)25012 PINETTE EMIDECAU INDUSTRIES –PEI 国家：法国 (23)25090 PLASTIC OMNIUM-SIGMATECH 国家：法国 (23)25103 PLASTIC OMNIUM -3P 国家：法国 (23)25168 Plymouth Rubber Company, Inc 国家：德国 (23)26542 RENAULT 国家：法国 (24)27453 SAAB AEROSTRUCTURES 国家：瑞典 (24)38725 Saint-Gobain Sully 国家：中国 (24)28152 SCHMITTER FANCE 国家：法国 (24)28504 SELCO SELEM EURINTEL 国家：法国 (24)28607 SENER INGENIERIA Y SISTEMAS SA 国家：西班牙 (24)38723 SIPD(Société Industrielle de Produits Diélectriques) 国家：法国 (24)29464 SITIA 国家：法国 (24)30467 SONAMIA 国家：法国 (24)32967 THE WELDING INSTITUE –TWI LTD 国家：英国 (24)32990 THERMI L YON 国家：法国 (24)33237 TIETRONIX OPTICS SAS 国家：法国 (24)33651 TRIGANO SERVICE 国家：法国 (24)33929 Tyco Electronics Corporation 国家：法国 (24)34023 ULTRA RS 国家：法国 (25)36049 VISTEON SYSTEMES INTERIEURS 国家：法国 (25)36427 WESTAFLEX AUTOMOTIVE GROUP 国家：德国 (25)38462 WIM 国家：法国 (25)225 XPERION 国家：法国 (25)工业制品 (25)864 ADR SA 国家：法国 (25)1104 AEROLITE MAX BUCHER AG 国家：瑞士 (25)1336 AGENCE DE DEVELOPPEMENT ECONOMIQUE DE HAUTE-ALSACE – CAHR 国家：法国25 3829 AIRECO - APC 国家：法国 (25)1948 ALCATEL ALENIA SPACE 国家：法国 (25)1960 ALCATEL ALENIA SPACE ITAL Y 国家：意大利 (25)2236 ALLEVARD RESSORT INDUSTRIELS 国家：法国 (25)2478 Altra Industrial Motion Inc 国家：法国 (26)2789 ANDRE LAURENT 国家：法国 (26)3355 ARO 国家：法国 (26)3617 ASSOCIATION DU TECHNOPOLE DU MADRILLET 国家：法国 (26)3664 ASSYSTEM 国家：法国 (26)3987 A TMEL NANTES SA 国家：法国 (26)38700 AUBERT & DUV AL 国家：法国 (26)5131 BIRMAN sarl 国家：法国 (26)5272 BODYCOTE MA TERIALS ENGINEERING DIVISION 国家：英国 (26)5899 BUREAU VERITAS QUALITY INTERNATIONAL HOLDING SA 国家：英国 (26)6058 C.A.E.N. Aerospace 国家：意大利 (26)6269 CAPITAL A VIATION SERVICES LTD 国家：英国 (26)38719 CBAFLEXBALL 国家：法国 (27)6872 CCI DU V AR 国家：法国 (27)7032 CEBANOR - SOTRABAN 国家：法国 (27)7166 CENAERO 国家：比利时 (27)8340 CODECHAMP 国家：法国 (27)8672 COMPOSYSTEM 国家：西班牙 (27)9677 DAGARD 国家：法国 (27)9808 DART A VIATION 国家：法国 (27)10128 DEFONTAINE 国家：法国 (27)10856 DOGA 国家：西班牙 (27)10910 DOTT. ING. SCANDURA & C. S.P.A. 国家：意大利 (27)11522 ECM 国家：德国 (27)38740 EMC (Européenne de Matériaux Composites) 国家：法国 (27)12891 ETAMIC SA 国家：法国 (27)12908 ETESIA 国家：法国 (27)13736 - FAURECIA 国家：法国 (28)38792 Feuerherdt GmbH 国家：德国 (28)38708 FG Industries 国家：法国 (28)14118 FIME SAS 国家：法国 (28)38798 FJ AUTOMOTIVE 国家：丹麦 (28)14382 FONDERIE SIV AL 国家：法国 (28)14587 国家：法国JOINT 国家：法国 (28)16018 GTD Sistemas de Información 国家：西班牙 (28)17200 IDEMECA 国家：法国 (28)17620 INERIS - INST NA TIONAL DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT INDUSTRIEL ET DES 国家：法国 (28)38716 INOXYFORM SAS 国家：法国 (28)4847 LATECIS 国家：法国 (28)19981 LATELEC 国家：法国 (29)20166 LEGRIS AUTOLINE 国家：法国 (29)20310 LIDER 国家：法国 (29)20425 LISI AUTOMOTIVE FORMER 国家：法国 (29)20510 LOGIC INSTRUMENT SA 国家：法国 (29)20880 国家：西班牙 (29)21069 MANOIR INDUSTRIES 国家：法国 (29)21085 MANUFACTURA MODERNA DE METALES 国家：西班牙 (29)21377 MA TIS TECHNOLOGIES 国家：法国 (29)21581 MCB INDUSTRIE 国家：法国 (30)22092 METSO MINERAL 国家：法国国家：芬兰 (30)22397 MILLET MARIUS SAS 国家：法国 (30)22581 MOLEMAB S.p.A. 国家：意大利 (30)23704 NTN TRANSMISSIONS EUROPE 国家：日本 (30)24082 OPF 国家：法国公司：- (30)37316 PERMASWAGE 国家：法国 (30)38803 PIGNAT 国家：法国 (30)25012 PINETTE EMIDECAU INDUSTRIES –PEI 国家：法国 (30)25090 PLASTIC OMNIUM – SIGMATECH 国家：法国 (30)25103 PLASTICOMNIUM - 3P 国家：法国 (30)25168 Plymouth Rubber Company, Inc 国家：德国 (30)27048 RODDIER-RODDIER SA 国家：法国 (31)27080 ROLLIX DEFONTAINE 国家：法国 (31)27081 ROLLS ROYCE 国家：英国 (31)27544 SADEV DECOLLETAGE 国家：法国 (31)27775 SALOMON SPORTS 国家：法国 (31)28504 SELCO SELEM EURINTEL 国家：法国 (31)38728 SEMIC SAS - Les Sièges KHOL 国家：法国 (31)28607 SENER INGENIERIA Y SISTEMAS SA 国家：西班牙 (31)37722 SIEMENS AG AUSTRIA 国家：德国 (31)38723 SIPD (Société Industrielle de Produits Diélectriques) 国家：法国 (31)30121 SOCOMEC 国家：法国 (31)30398 SOLETANCHE-BACHY France 国家：法国 (31)30503 SOPEMEA 国家：法国 (32)30898 SRI - Sud Robinetterie Industrie 国家：法国 (32)37047 TELEFLEX AEROSPACE 国家：法国 (32)32990 THERMI L YON 国家：法国 (32)33237 TIETRONIX OPTICS SAS 国家：法国 (32)33842 TURBOMECA 国家：法国 (32)35933 VIBRATECH LTD 国家：英国 (32)36288 W ANXIANG EUROPE LIMITED 国家：英国 (32)36427 WESTAFLEX AUTOMOTIVE GROUP 国家：德国 (32)38462 WIM 国家：法国 (32)225 XPERION 国家：法国 (32)能源 (32)1616 AIR LIQUIDE GAZ INDUSTRIE SERVICE 国家：法国 (32)2478 Altra Industrial Motion Inc 国家：法国 (32)2789 ANDRE LAURENT 国家：法国 (33)3617 ASSOCIATION DU TECHINOPOLE DU MADRILLET 国家：法国 (33)3664 ASSYSTEM 国家：法国 (33)38700 AUBERT & DUV AL 国家：法国 (33)4335 Auxitrol 国家：法国 (33)5272 BODYCOTE MA TERIALS ENGINEERING DIVISION 国家：英国 (33)5899 BUREAU VERITAS QUALITY INTERNA TIONAL HOLDINGS 国家：英国 (33)7032 CEBANOR-SOTRABAN 国家：法国 (33)38851 Daher 国家：法国 (33)9683 DAHER LHOTELLIER CSI 国家：法国 (33)9808 DART A VIATION 国家：法国 (33)10595 DIEHL & EAGLE PICHER GMBH 国家：德国 (34)11522 ECM 国家：德国 (34)38713 ELTECH PCB 国家：法国 (34)12452 ERA TECHNOLOGY LTD 国家：英国 (34)12633 ESIC SN 国家：法国 (34)38255 EURALTECH 国家：法国 (34)18983 国家：法国 (34)38803 PIGNAT 国家：法国 (34)27081 ROLLS ROYCE 国家：英国 (34)28504 SELCO SELEM EURINTEL 国家：法国 (34)38712 SIBYLUX 国家：法国 (34)37722 SIEMENS AG AUSTRIA 国家：德国 (34)30503 France (35)30898 SRI-Sud Robinetterie Industrie 国家：法国 (35)32967 TWI 国家：英国 (35)32990 THERMI L YON 国家：法国 (35)225 XPERION 国家：法国 (35)金属制品 (35)864 ADR SA 国家：法国 (35)2478 Altra Industrial Motion Inc 国家：法国 (35)2789 ANDRE LAURENT国家：法国 (35)3355 ARO 国家：法国 (35)38700 AUBERT & DUV AL 国家：法国 (35)5131 BIRMAN sarl 国家：法国 (36)5272 BODYCOTE MA TERIALS ENGINEERING DIVISION 国家：英国 (36)5899 BUREAU VERITAS QUALITY INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS SA 国家：英国 (36)7032 CEBANOR –SOTRABAN 国家：法国 (36)8340 COMEPA国家：法国 (36)9677 DAGARD国家：法国 (36)9683 DAHER LHOTELLIER CSI 国家：法国 (36)9808 DART A VIATION 国家：法国 (36)10128 DEFONTAINE 国家：法国 (36)10856 DOGA 国家：西班牙 (36)12891 ETAMIC SA 国家：法国 (36)38741 Ets Bernard DENTAND国家：法国 (36)38255 EURALTECH 国家：法国 (36)13657 FANTON SpA 国家：意大利 (36)38798 FJ AUTOMOTIVE 国家：丹麦 (36)14382 FONDERIE SIV AL 国家：法国 (37)14587 JOINT France 国家：法国 (37)16904 Hydro 国家：法国 (37)17200 IDEMECA 国家：法国 (37)38716 INOXYFORM SAS 国家：法国 (37)20166 LEGRIS AUTOLINE 国家：法国 (37)20310 LIDER 国家：法国 (37)20425 LISI AUTOMOTIVE FORMER 国家：法国 (37)21069 MANOIR INDUSTRIES 国家：法国 (37)21085 MANUFACTURA MODERNA DE METALES 国家：西班牙 (37)22581 MOLEMAB S.p.A. 国家：意大利 (37)23704 NTN TRANSMISSIONS EUROPE 国家：日本 (37)25928 PVL 国家：德国 (38)27048 RODDIER-RODDIER SA 国家：法国 (38)27080 ROLLIX DEFONTAINE 国家：法国 (38)27329 RUDOLF PACK GmbH + Co 国家：德国 (38)28504 SELCO SELEM EURINTEL 国家：法国 (38)30398 SOLETANCHE-BACHY France 国家：法国 (38)30503 SOPEMEA 国家：法国 (38)30898 SRI-Sud Robinetterie Industrie 国家：法国 (38)32990 THERMI L YON 国家：法国 (38)34023 ULTRA RS 国家：法国 (38)38462 WIM 国家：法国 (38)塑料加工 (38)5272 BODYCOTE MATERAILS ENGINEERING DIVISION 国家：英国 (38)38722 Bracelet Numberone 国家：法国 (38)5899 BUREAU VERITAS QUALITY INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS 国家：英国 (39)7032 CEBANOR-SOTRABAN 国家：法国 (39)10856 DOGA国家：西班牙 (39)38740 EMC(Européenne de Matériaux Composites) 国家：法国 (39)38757 ENERGY PLAST SAS 国家：法国 (39)13657 FANTON SpA 国家：意大利 (39)38746 FELI Sarl 国家：法国 (39)20425 LISI AUTOMOTIVE FORMER 国家：法国 (39)21107 MANUPLAST 国家：法国 (39)22397 MILLET MARIUS SAS 国家：法国 (39)24082 OPF 国家：法国 (39)25090 PLASTIC OMNIUM -SIGMATECH 国家：法国 (39)25103 PLASTIC OMNIUM -3P 国家：法国 (39)38720 PROMAPACK 国家：法国 (39)27775 SALOMON SPORTS 国家：法国 (39)28488 SEITRON SRL 国家：意大利 (40)38729 Solvay 国家：比利时 (40)30807 SPENCER ITALIA s.r.l 国家：意大利 (40)32990 THERMI L YON 国家：法国 (40)电子 (40)3829 ADI SUD 国家：法国 (40)1948 ALCATEL ALENIA SPACE 国家：法国 (40)2478 Altra Industrial Motion Inc 国家：法国 (40)38791 Analog Microelectronics GmbH 国家：德国 (40)38721 APPRO 国家：法国 (40)3355 ARO 国家：法国 (40)3617 ASSOCIATION DU TECHNOPOLE DU MADRILLET 国家：法国 (40)3987 ATMEL NANTES SA 国家：法国 (40)4702 BARCO NV 国家：比利时 (40)5131 BIRMAN sarl 国家：法国 (41)5272 BODYCOTE MA TERIALS ENGINEERING DIVISION 国家：英国 (41)38743 BUREAU VERITAS LCIE 国家：法国 (41)5899 BUREAU VERITAS QUALITY INTERNAITIONAL HOLDINGS SA国家：英国 (41)7032 CEBANOR –SOTRABAN 国家：法国 (41)9677 DAGARD 国家：法国 (41)9683 DAHER LHOTELLIER CSI 国家：法国 (41)10910 DOTT. ING. SCANDURA & C.S.P.A. 国家：意大利 (41)38735 EADS ASTRIUM 国家：德国 (41)38679 EADS ASTRIUM 国家：法国 (41)37882 EADS ASTRIUM GmbH 国家：德国 (41)11273 EADS ASTRIUM GMBH 国家：德国 (41)38713 ELTECH PCB 国家：法国 (41)38757 ENERGY PLAST SAS国家：法国 (41)12452 ERA TECHNOLOGY LTD 国家：英国 (42)12626 ESI GROUP 国家：法国 (42)12633 ESIC SN 国家：法国 (42)12908 ETESIA 国家：法国 (42)38257 EUROCONTROL S.p.A. 国家：意大利 (42)38746 FELI Sarl 国家：法国 (42)38708 FG INDUSTRIES 国家：法国 (42)14327 FOCAL JM LAB 国家：法国 (42)14587 France JOINT国家：法国 (42)14890 GALILEO A VIONICA 国家：意大利 (42)15530 GIMA 国家：法国 (42)17801 IN –LHC 国家：法国 (42)38716 INOXYFORM SAS 国家：法国 (42)18307 INTERTECHNIQUE 国家：法国 (43)19512 KONGSBERG DEFENCE & AETOSPACE 国家：挪威 (43)19981 LATELEC 国家：法国 (43)38732 Led To Lite 国家：英国 (43)20163 LEGRAND NORMANDIE, Division Industie 国家：法国 (43)37021 LH Aviation 国家：法国 (43)20510 LOGICA CMG 国家：法国 (43)21815 Meggitt PLC –Duniop Bestobell 国家：英国 (43)22029 METALSCAN 国家：法国 (43)22356 MIER COMUNICACIONES SA 国家：西班牙 (43)38760 NACHET SA 国家：法国 (43)23116 NDT EXPERT 国家：法国 (43)38815 Neion Graphics S.A.S 国家：法国 (43)23764 Nv Televic 国家：比利时 (44)23948 OKTAL SYNTHETIC ENVITONMENT 国家：法国 (44)38745 Orly Electric 国家：法国 (44)24925 PHOTOCHEMIE AG 国家：瑞士 (44)25168 Plymouth Rubber Company, Inc 国家：德国 (44)25928 PVL 国家：德国 (44)27329 RUDOLF PACK GmbH +Co 国家：德国 (44)27575 SAFRAN 国家：法国 (44)27927 SAS FLIGHT ACADEMY AB 国家：瑞典 (44)27989 SATL YNX SA 国家：卢森堡 (44)28292 SCS CONSULING PTC France 国家：法国 (44)28488 SEITRON SRL 国家：意大利 (44)28504 SELCO SELEM EURINTEL 国家：法国 (44)28607 SENER INGENIERIA Y SISTEMAS SA 国家：西班牙 (45)38712 SIBYLUX 国家：法国 (45)37722 SIEMENS AG AUSTRIA 国家：德国 (45)38723 SIPD(Société Industrielle de Produits Diélectriques) 国家：法国 (45)30121 SOCOMEC 国家：法国 (45)30503 SOPEMEA 国家：法国 (45)30525 SORELEC 国家：法国 (45)30807 SPENCER ITALIA s.r.l 国家：意大利 (45)31540 SYDERAL SA 国家：瑞士 (45)31580 SYNLOGIC AG 国家：瑞士 (45)31948 TECHN UNIV DENMARK, OERSTED DTU ELECTROMAGNETIC SYSTEMS 国家：丹麦 (45)32967 THE WELDING INSTITUTE –TWI LTD 国家：英国 (45)33259 国家：德国 (45)35933 VIBRATECH LTD 国家：英国 (45)环保 (46)3617 ASSOCIATIONDUTECHNOPOLE DUMADRILLET 国家：法国 (46)5272 BODYCOTEMA TERIALS ENGINEERING DIVISION 国家：英国 (46)5899 BUREAU VERITAS QUALITY INTERNATIONAL HOLDING SA 国家：英国 (46)28607 SENER INGENIERIA Y SISTEMAS SA国家：西班牙 (46)30398 SOLETANCHE BACHY France 国家：法国 (46)物流 (46)28323 SDV LOGISTIQUE INTERNATIONALE 国家：法国 (46)38849 STAMEX 国家：法国 (46)38849 国家：法国 (46)航天航空领域723 ACATIVE SPACE TECHNOLOGIES 国家：葡萄牙Active Space Technologies是一家快速成长的、擅长于宇航工业的公司。
2006UG_IBSManual
International Business StrategyUndergraduate Degree ProgrammeManual 2006Module Leaders: Dr. Axèle GiroudDr. Alex MohrAdditional Tutor: Mauro de SouzaStudent Name:…………………….………TABLE OF CONTENTSTable of contents _______________________________________________ 3 1.0General overview __________________________________________ 51.1Aims and objectives (5)1.2Course coverage (5)1.3Reading requirements (7)1.4Teaching and learning philosophy (8)1.5 Course Instructor (9)2.0Course assessment ________________________________________ 92.1The nature and format of the examination (9)2.2The nature and format of the project (9)2.3Guidelines on submission of assessed coursework (10)3.0The tutorial programme ____________________________________ 103.1Aims and objectives (10)3.2Organisation of tutorials (10)4.0Notes on writing the Project ________________________________ 114.1The project task (11)4.2Case study questions (11)4.3Background research (12)4.4Scope of the management project (13)4.5The nature and format of the project (15)4.6Writing the report (17)5.0Course outline ___________________________________________ 175.1Overview of the International Business Strategy course & theInternational Business Environment (17)5.2International business theories (18)5.3Country evaluation and selection (18)5.4 Modes of foreign market servicing I: Exporting and FDI (18)5.5Reading week (21)5.6Modes of foreign market servicing II: Entry modes (19)5.7Strategies of MNEs (19)5.8Structures and control mechanisms in MNEs (20)5.9International human resource management (20)5.10Global manufacturing and materials management (21)5.11Managing for international competitiveness (20)5.12Course debrief (21)6.0peer review form _________________________________________ 22 Theories Internationalisation: The Portugese Experience _____________ 23 Module Descriptor _____________________________________________ 29 How to access Blackboard ______________________________________ 31State University. Centre for International Business Education and Research). This in-dex page has links to hundreds of other web pages and has evaluated thousands of pages for their usefulness. All magazines referred to above and some academic jour-nals can be accessed from this page and links to a host of other journals and news-papers from all over the world can be found here. Further the page includes a wealth of regional or country specific information, statistical data, government resources, in-ternational trade information, company directories and information on culture and travel. It even contains links to other indexes of Business Resources and a good search engine to locate information on the page. If you intend to use information from the Internet in your project, please read the section “About the Inte rnational Business Resources on the WWW” for useful tips on how to search and refer to information on the Web. The site‟s address is: http:// /ibrd/ibrd.asp. Of course, you can also consult the textbook‟s own website (/hill), which even includes short multiple choice quizzes that you can take to test your basic knowl-edge of the chapters.1.4 Teaching and learning philosophyAlthough the basic foundation for learning is provided in the lecture each week, this is only one element of the learning process. The subject of international business is very broad, too broad to be sufficiently translated into 12 lecturing sessions. Various other elements are therefore critical to the learning process:∙the required reading for each week which is designed to facilitate the acquisi-tion of basic knowledge elements of international business strategy.∙the case examples and group work (within the tutorial sessions) which is de-signed to provide a forum for students to develop their skills in application ofbasic concepts.∙the project, which is designed to further enhance skills in application of theo-retical issues in practical situations.International Business Strategy is a third level course and this influences its teaching and learning philosophy. Students are expected to be able to structure their own work and to work relatively independently. They will have to make their own choices with regard to the topic of their project and have some freedom in choosing the weight of the various elements of assessment (see section 2.0).Students have to take primary responsibility for their own learning process. However, the lecturers are available for questions and suggestions during the weekly tutorials and during a weekly office hour. In addition, students are encouraged to submit a “learning page” after each lecture with suggestions for improvements, a spects they liked or didn‟t like and raise some intellectual questions emerging from the lecture.Answers to any questions maybe given either in the next lecture or communicated to the Course Instructor through email.Students differ in their learning styles. Most students tend to prefer a more pragmatic approach, where they clearly see the practical applications of what they are studying.The case study analysis should help in this process. Other students prefer to focus more heavily on theoretical and conceptual development. Students also tend to differ in the extent to which they want to be actively involved in their own learning process.The teaching philosophy of this module therefore combines a mix of more reflective learning methods (lectures) and more active learning methods such as discussion, exercises and tutorial group work.1.5 Course InstructorThe course coordinators are Dr Axèle Giroud and Dr Alex Mohr. We value student feedback and therefore, several structured ways and means have been created to en-able you to communicate or get in touch with us, viz.:∙Email is the preferred communication medium. The contact e-mail ids are: Axèle:a.l.a.giroud@, for Alex a.t.mohr@, and for Mauro deSouza mvssouza@.∙Office hours. For short questions, you may come to our offices. The weekly office hours are posted at our doors (Cartwright Building, room CB 2.31 (Axele), CB 2.15(Alex)).∙Tutorial hour: There will usually be time for short questions just after the lecture or during the tutorial hour.∙If everything else fails, you can try to call us or schedule meeting via e-mail. You can also leave a message with Mrs. Val Hutchings (Room no.: CB 2.08 and Tele-phone 01274-23-4327) or e-mail v.hutchings@.2.0 COURSE ASSESSMENTAssessment is split 50:50 between the examination and coursework. It is understood that whereas some students excel in examinations, others are better at coursework and continuous assessment. The split in assessment provides an opportunity for stu-dents to ensure they demonstrate their true abilities.2.1 The nature and format of the examinationStudents are asked in the examination to answer two questions from approximately 3/4 alternatives in one hour. The questions are designed to test student‟s ability to r a-tionalise and argue, and not simply replicate textbook information. International Busi-ness is an eclectic subject and thus while some questions might be topic specific, oth-ers will necessarily span across more than one topic covered during the course.2.2 The nature and format of the projectWhen working in a business context it is typical to produce reports in teams. The as-sessed part of the work for the course in this subject aims to help students to develop group-working skills for report writing. Having said as much, students will have some flexibility in choosing the size of the group they prefer to work in (3-5 students). In the second week of the course, students will have to register their groups at the course secretary‟s office (Mrs. Val Hutchings, CB 2.08).Each self-selected group of 3-5 people will be allocated a case study to analyse, pre-sent and write a report on (the report should be no longer than 3,000 words).One of the main challenges of the exercise is working together effectively, sharing in-formation and discussing critical themes.In section 4.0 you will find some specific guidelines and notes, which should assist in the report writing process. More guidance will be given in the tutorial/discussion ses-sions where a lot of the work is geared towards supporting students in their project de-velopment. Additional support can be sought from the lecturers (in a pre-scheduled appointments).2.3 Guidelines on submission of assessed courseworkAssessed coursework should be submitted in the Undergraduate Box, by 3pm on Fri-day, 12th May 2006.It is your responsibility to ensure that you submit your work on time. Work should be clearly labelled with the name of the course, students, and the submission date.Make sure your work holds well together, so it doesn't get mixed with other re-port/assignments! However, please do not use fancy binders for your weekly course-work, a simple staple will do. A floppy disk of each assignment should be attached as well, otherwise the work will be considered incomplete. You must also com-plete the peer review form attached at the back of this manual, and include it with your report.You should always keep your own copy of the project/assignment you have handed in, in case material is mislaid or stolen. Unless students can present a valid doctor's note, no extension on the final date can be made. Late projects will be subject to the normal penalties for late assessed work outlined by the University. You will be penalised for plagiarism.3.0 THE TUTORIAL PROGRAMME3.1 Aims and objectivesThere are two principle aims of the tutorial programme:1. To develop basic skills: some of these are specifically related to internationalbusiness (particularly those concerned with analysis and problem solving) whilesome are basic research and project writing skills.2. To extend knowledge by doing. This means exploring issues, discussing themesand sharing information and knowledge with others.3.2 Organisation of tutorials[Please refer to section 2.3 for guidelines on the submission of coursework].Tutorials will be based around some case material from the textbook and questions to guide students in their project development. This material is designed to provide a platform for knowledge and skills development. Students will have to make one pres-entation, and will thereby have the opportunity to receive feedback on their work by the tutor and the class. The presentations are aimed at helping students to gather in-formation for their final report.It is critical that students read the case material and study the questions on the work-sheet before attending each session. A failure to come prepared will invariably under-mine the quality of the learning process. However, in order to simplify the process and limit the amount of preparation required, the only demand is that the material has been read before the session. Consideration of questions and analysis of material will be conducted within the tutorial hour. Tutorials take place before or after the lecture and rooms will be published an posted outside Val Hutchings office (CB 2.08) the Tuesday following the second Lecture.4.0 NOTES ON WRITING THE PROJECT4.1 The project taskThe following notes outline the nature and scope of the international business project and give students guidance on writing a management report. Overall, the purpose of the report is for students to demonstrate their practical understanding of the topics covered during the course as well as develop their skills in preparing reports for man-agers. Students are advised to read the notes carefully and follow the recommenda-tions made. Failure to comply with the guidelines may well lead to a reduction in marks.The report should be no longer than 3,000 words. It should answer the case study question and the additional question related to the core topic of international business.The main thrust is to analyse the strategic challenge, and not to merely describe strategies being employed. Therefore, this is not simply an information gathering exercise. It is an analytical and critical argument of the strategic challenges facing or-ganisations and the way in which firms may best address the challenges facing them. 4.2 Case study questions4.2.1 Case 1: The Second Cultural Revolution (pp.303-305)The Second Cultural Revolution: Case Discussion Questions1. Characterise the types of investments that are most vulnerable to political risk.Characterise those that are least vulnerable. On a scale of 1-10, with 10 beinghighest, how vulnerable are dot-com investments to political risks?2. Assume you are the CEO of a North American dot-com company. Perform a po-litical-risk assessment for your company‟s entrance into the Chinese market.What information would you need to conduct the study? What factors would youconsider?3. What strategies would you adopt to reduce your vulnerability to political risk inChina?4. What will be the impact of the government‟s efforts on the global competitiv enessof China‟s high-tech industries?Additional instructions:In your answer, critically analyse the key issues that companies must consider whenchoosing a host country for their operations, and mention the differences that mayarise depending on whether the country is developed or developing.4.2.2 Case 2: Slimline: Marching to a different drummer (pp 386-388)Slimline: Case Discussion Questions1. Slimline is a joint venture among three companies – a local Sri Lankan firm, a Brit-ish firm, and a US firm. What are the benefits of this joint venture to each of thesecompanies? Why did each choose to participate in the joint venture rather thanoperate its wholly owned subsidiary?2. From the perspective of each of the partners, are there any potential pitfalls to join-ing this joint venture?3. Although many human rights activists are critical of the working conditions found inmany textile factories, Slimline has gone out of its way to provide its workers withfirst-rate working conditions. Why do you think that Slimline has done this? Doyou agree with this approach?4. Why haven‟t other apparel manufacturers adopted Slimline‟s approach to doingbusiness?Additional instructions:In your answer, review the advantages and disadvantages of choosing one particular market entry mode over another, and the extent to which these are country/ industryspecific.4.2.3 Case 3: The New Conquistador (pp.331-332)New Conquistador: Case Discussion Questions1. Go back in time to 1986. Do a SWOT analysis for Telefonica de Espana. Doesyour analysis lead to the same conclusions as Telefonica‟s managers?2. How would you charecterise the corporate strategy adopted by Telefonica?3. Minority investors in Telefonica‟s South American subsidiaries are unhappy withthe parent corporation. Suppose you are a senior manager at the parent corpora-tion. How would you handle the problem of the minority investors? What wouldyou recommend that the CEO do about the minority investors?4. Many South American countries are in the process of deregulating their telephoneindustries. How should Telefonica respond to increased likelihood of new entrantsinto its formerly protected markets?Additional instructions:Answer the case question on the basis of a thorough discussion of the characteristics, advantage, and disadvantages of the four strategies discussed in the lecture.4.2.4 Case 4: You Americans Work Too Hard (PP. 601-602)You Americans: Case Discussion Questions1. How does HRM in the United States differ from HRM in Germany?2. What do you see as the basic advantages and disadvantages of each system?3. If you were the top HRM executive for an international department store chain withstores in both Germany and the United States, what basic issues would you needto address regarding corporate HR policies?4. Are the issues more or less acute in the retailing industry versus other industries?5. Under which system would you prefer to work?Additional instructions:Discuss the methods available for MNEs to cater for differences in employee relations and attitudes across countries.4.3 Background researchLibrary and WWW sources should provide the only foundation for material for the pro-ject. While it may be interesting to contact firms and discuss their international busi-ness dealings, students must not approach individual organisations. Relations be-tween firms and academics take time to develop and great effort to nurture. It only takes one bad experience to ruin such relations and were 50 students to be given free rein to contact managers under the auspices of a Bradford University School of Man-agement project the threat to our business contacts could be enormous. This is not to undermine the capability of the individual, but simply there is not enough scope within the term of the project to provide the necessary supervision with the contacts. There-fore, stick to what is available in the case, in the library and the WWW. Of course, where relevant, students are allowed (and even strongly encouraged) to use in-formation they have gathered during their work experience.4.3.1 Library and web sourcesRemember this is not an information gathering exercise. Relevant sources of informa-tion are important to shape arguments and give a clear picture of the industry but don‟t over face yourself with a mountain or articles and research papers.... many of which will probably yield much of the same information anyway. Be selective in your search process.The CD-ROM and on-line database facilities in the library are likely to provide the starting point for finding relevant industry articles and most students will wish to con-sult the key-note reports. In terms of the latter, please do not hold onto this material for too long. Remember there might be other people waiting for this material. Aside from this students are advised to look at:∙Recent press articles and cuttings. The Financial Times regularly runs articles on specific industries.∙Journal articles and magazines. The Economist has run several special edi-tions on various global industries. Other journals (such as the Journal of Inter-national Business Studies) may be useful in finding industry specific reports.∙As indicated above the WWW may offer relevant information on many indus-tries/companies.4.4 Scope of the management project4.4.1 Report AdministrationPresentationYou and your group will make a presentation of your case study, critically examine the presentation of the other presenting group, and will be required to lead overall tutorial discussion.Several groups present for each case study. While one group presents, the other pre-senting groups are in charge of asking questions and launching the discussion.The presentation should mostly focus on the case study itself. You will need to make further research in order to answer the questions describe in the previous section.This will be reflected in your report. In preparing for this presentation, try and consider your audience and its knowledge.Before you present, try and time the amount of time you will be speaking for, and try and think of questions you could use to launch the discussion with fellow students.Think of your audience (how many students, what do they expect from your presenta-tion, is the atmosphere friendly or hostile, etc.). Anticipate presentation facilities, at least, an OHP will be available.At the start of your presentation, make sure you clearly notify the aims and objectives of the presentation to the audience. Plan a clear structure for the presentation, each presenting student should have the same amount of time and each presenting student should try and participate/generate the discussion on the case study. Try to put your-self in the audience‟s place. Think of what the audience hears and believes as a result of your presentation.Although your own group will only present part of the questions asked related to the case study, for the written report, your group must answer ALL questions.Report Style and ContentGroups should answer ALL the questions provided for the case study in their report (regardless of which question they presented), and not adapt the questions to suit their own needs.∙Contrary to the presentation, your report should contain a lot more information than that provided in the case study. In all cases, answering the questions will re-quire extra background research and preparation (i.e. reading the case study isNOT enough).∙Although you have to answer all the questions, you do not have to follow the order of the questions, or to split the report according to each question asked. Insteadyou can provide an overall answer to the case as a whole, with your own structure,BUT making sure you include all the required information in your assignment.∙The assignment should be 3,000 words maximum. This does not include the questions (if you wish to include them in the assignment), the tables, the list ofreferences, nor the appendices. Although you can add a substantial amount of in-formation in tables, please make sure that all the key information and analysisstand in the text itself, do not leave the most important in the appendix!∙If you do use bullet points, make sure you still explain the logic and analysis, oth-erwise it is as if you had not mentioned the topic. You must show your group‟spoint of view and your own analysis of the situation. Do not repeat facts from thecase without appropriate analysis.∙You should add references to bring in information that is not included in the case itself. This could be to update the information contained in the case, and give us areview of what is currently happening. References should also be used to widenthe discussion and include some theoretical framework in your report.∙You must provide a short executive summary at the beginning of the report, with the key issues and outline of why and how they relate.Report evaluationPresentation of the case to the class will be assessed and will account for 5% of the report mark. Research and preparation account for 25% of the mark. You need to use relevant literature and show you have put it to good use by referencing it usefully within the text. A long bibliography is not proof of a good research in itself. References must be appropriate for the topics covered, and used efficiently, as part of a good preparation.You will also be evaluated on the coverage of the information (20%). This means an-swering the questions asked, by covering all the key issues, emphasizing on the most important ones and identifying those issues related but of less importance to the topic under study. Try to think of the correctness of content (no incorrect statements, use of correct terms and correct definition of those terms), as well as the relevance of the content (avoid superfluous or irrelevant information).The content must be complete, correct and relevant.Analysis and argument (40%) is key to your report, because identifying the information is not sufficient, you also need to show you can analyse it appropriately. You must provide the reasons and arguments given to support the conclusions building, show your creativity in approaching topics, and prove you clearly understand what is atstake and how key issues relate to each other, why, and what implications this may have.Finally, make sure the report style is correct (10%). The format and the language must be carefully checked. Use clear division into sections, page numbering, orderly lay-out, readable English with correct spelling. Try to organise the information so as to main-tain a logical flow in your writing, from sentence to sentence, from paragraph to para-graph, and from section to section.There are two sides to this project. One is to cover the information contained in the case study and provide an analysis of the latter; the other is to answer questions re-lated to the case and take the knowledge gained further. While the research process is critical in gathering information and establishing material on which arguments may be based, this is not an information gathering exercise. The interpretation of in-formation and the shaping of arguments are critical. This means students …getting behind‟ the information and developing their own views and opinions. This is refle cted in the mark scheme for the project.Where to hand in your reports/assignmentsAssessed coursework should be submitted to Undergraduate Box, in Emm Lane Building, by 3 p.m. on Friday, 12th May, 2006. It is your responsibility to ensure that you submit your work on time.Work should be clearly labelled with the name of the course, tutor, students‟ names, and with the submission date.Guidelines on length of the assignmentsFollowing the University regulations, assignments should not exceed the required number of words. Work that exceeds the maximum permitted length will be subject toa penalty deduction of marks equivalent to the percentage of additional words over thelimit. The limit excludes bibliographies, diagrams and tables, footnotes, tables of con-tents and appendices of data. Therefore, if you have extra material and information you wish to include, it is advised that you do so in the appendices, providing reference and explanation within the text. Do not “over-use” tables to pile in information,and make sure all important analysis, information, stands in the text itself.The total number of words must be indicated in the report.Guidelines on Project hand inYou should always keep your own copy of the project/assignment you have handed in, in case material is mislaid or stolen.Unless students can present a valid doctor‟s note, no extension on the final date can be made, all students must hand in at the same time. Late projects will be subject to the normal penalties for late assessed work outlined by the University.Evidence of plagiarism (copying of other people‟s work without stating the source). If plagiarism in any part of the report can be proved, the mark could be 0%.4.5 The nature and format of the projectA good case study report should answer the questions asked, in an analytical way,providing additional information in order to provide an evaluation of the issues under study. Key points should be highlighted and the presentation of material should be such that arguments are clearly developed and conclusions drawn.1. Headings and SectionsThe report ought to be succinct and clear. Critical to report writing is the use of clear headings and subheadings and the incorporation of short paragraphs, each one ex-pressing a specific strand of thinking. By organising the material in this way, it is easy to follow and enables managers, with limited time on their hands, to identify the main points without having to read every word included in the report.Numbering helps to orientate readers and, through the provision of a clear contents list, enable easy and rapid selection of material. Although it is possible to sub-divide sections as many times as you wish, it is more usual to restrict numbering to three decimal points (e.g. 2.3.2). Any further divisions deemed necessary can be made us-ing letters (e.g. a), b), c)) or Roman numerals (iii, iv, v etc.)Headings should be clear and concise and should describe the nature of material dis-cussed. It is not necessary to provide a detailed outline of arguments in the heading(e.g. A Review of Headings and Sections and the Way they Should be Presented inthe Report). The briefer …Headings and Sections‟ will suffice. Equally, posing que stions in headings (e.g. Why Use Headings and Sections) makes little sense. The reader is not given the opportunity to answer the question - and the answer may simply be …b e-cause it is good prac tice‟ which is meaningless.2. Tables, Diagrams and BulletsSummarising key issues in tables and diagrams is also a good way of preserving clar-ity. It is far easier to see the main points being discussed if they are summarised in tabular format, or presented as bullet points, rather than being included within ram-bling text. Graphs and diagrams also enable complex data and material to be more easily understood.3. Referencing and AppendicesStudents have been asked to prepare a list of references for their report. There is of-ten confusion between references and bibliographies and uncertainty over what should and what should not appear in an appendixReferencesA bibliography is simply a list of material consulted during the research process. Ref-erences, on the other hand, relate to those texts which are expressly referred to within the text. For example:Yadong Luo (2005) suggests that transactional characteristics and the institutional en-vironment influence contractual governance for international joint ventures (IJVs)..orTransactional characteristics and the institutional environment influence contractual governance for international joint ventures (Luo, 2005).should appear in the text, the full reference (i.e.)Luo, Y (2005) …Transactional characteristics, institutional environment and joint ve nture contracts‟, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 36, No. 2, Spring, pp. 209-231then appearing in the list of references at the back of the report.。
脑梗死后遗症早期康复护理措施的研究进展-神经医学论文
脑梗死后遗症早期康复护理措施的研究进展-神经医学论文脑梗死后遗症早期康复护理措施的研究进展-神经医学论文脑梗死后遗症早期康复护理措施的研究进展张荷郑冬图胡海燕doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9676.2013.23.048 脑梗死是中老年人群的一种多发病、常见病，是局部脑组织和血管由于血液供应缺乏而发生坏死所引起的脑软化。
脑梗死患者致残率高、恢复期长，急性发作时多有单侧肢体瘫痪、失语、口角歪斜等，严重者大小便失禁、昏迷。
出院时多数患者留有不同程度的后遗症，该病严重影响到患者的生活质量和健康状况，而康复护理对于减轻功能缺陷，提高这部分患者的生存质量有着重要的意义。
目前国内外对于脑梗死后遗症患者康复期多采用综合护理措施，取得了较满意的效果，现将脑梗死后遗症早期康复护理措施进展综述如下。
1 脑梗死康复护理目的国外的研究显示［1-3］，早期的康复对促进患者功能恢复具有良性影响，早期康复可以提高患者的预后，同时降低长期花费。
国内研究表明［4,5］，脑梗死患者康复介入越早对于患者自身功能恢复和整体疗效影响越大。
由于患者中枢神经系统及结构存在代偿和功能重组自然恢复能1/ 11力，后脑组织的修复和康复治疗的功能具有重组特点，这就决定了早期康复治疗的必要性。
2 早期康复时间以往急性期的治疗常以药物为主，而康复治疗常在晚期才开始，致使康复治疗的效果欠佳。
大量临床实践证明，早期康复护理能预防患者废用综合征及二次损害，并对促进患者患侧功能改善具有重要意义。
对于早期的概念，临床上尚未达成共识，尤其是患病后进行第一次活动的时间［6］。
赵红梅等［7］研究发现，神经受损导致运动障碍，而恢复取决于治疗时间，开始的越早恢复的越好。
谢逢春等［8］主张入院当天开始，康复越早，肢体功能恢复越好。
龙成惠［9］认为，从发病至 24 h 内是功能锻炼的最佳时间。
Diserena 等［10］认为早期活动开展的时间是在发病后 l~3 d 内，Bernhardt［11］将早期定义为发病 1 周之内，而岑春兰［12］则认为发病后 3 个月内。
通用GVDP英文5版
Don Smith
22MAY06
This document is for internal GM use only. Not to be duplicated or disclosed outside GM without approval of Don Smith 586-986-1983
• Mainstream Architecture Configuration/Packaging
• Load path Strategy • Key Architectural BOM Rows Selected • Baseline Powertrain Plan (Engine/Trans. Families, Drive Types) • Proportional Model(s) • Sourcing Strategy • Manufacturing Strategy
5
GVDP v5_Upd_trg.ppt/Don Smith/5/22/2006/version 6.0
Pre-VPI GVDP Overview
No Architecture Modifications
(outside of bandwidth)
(e.g. GMX211,GMX272, GMX386)
GVDP Pre-VPI Process Documentation v1.0 Released 06MAR06
(for more information go to: /gvdp/pre_vpi.html )
GVDP Post DSI v5.0 Released 06April06
INDEX
4
GVDP v5_Upd_trg.ppt/Don Smith/5/22/2006/version 6.0
sap2000问题解答
以下问题收集整理自北京金土木官方，适合新手及有疑难杂症的朋友们查看，版权也在官方。
由于是官方，其权威性高于网上流传的那些疑难解答类的文档，希望大家有问题时先看看这里面的内容。
另外，由于SAP2000的版本在不断更新，有些老版本中的问题在新版本中已经得到了修正，因此看问题时注意看提出问题的时间。
01、问：右下角下拉菜单中的“Global” 指的是什么？2006/12/7答：它指的是当前显示的坐标系。
在同一个模型中用户可以建立多个坐标系，可以是笛卡尔坐标系或者柱坐标系。
如果用户定义了多个坐标系，那么可以在SAP2000屏幕右下角的默认为“Global”的下拉菜单中进行切换。
02、问：怎样改变颜色的显示呢？2006/12/7答：点击选项>颜色，选择显示或者输出来改变颜色。
03、问：能够随时改变单位制么？2006/12/7答：可以点击右下角的下拉菜单，也可以在单独的选项对话框中，随时都能够改变单位制。
程序可以在不同单位制间转换。
但请注意，程序总是按初始的单位制保存文件。
04、问：怎样控制工具栏中显示的按钮？2006/12/7答：点击顶部标题栏中的箭头指示或者边上左侧标题栏中的箭头指示，可以删除或者添加下面的按钮。
05、问：能够移动工具栏中的按钮么？2006/12/7答：当然可以——拖住工具栏的双线指示位置，可以移动到不同的位置处，或者可以完全的关闭它。
06、问：如何设置一个窗口显示？2006/12/7答：点击选项>窗口>一个窗口。
程序能够显示从一个到四个窗口。
07、问：不用模板来建模，需要定义轴网么？2006/12/7答：一般来说是需要的！一个考虑周全的轴网系统将会大大的提高建模的速度，并且在图形查看（可以查看平面视图或者任意轴的立面图）的时候能够提供更多的选择。
通常通过捕捉轴网能够很快的绘制线对象或者壳面对象。
在任何时候都可以对轴网进行修改、添加和删除。
08、问：如果偶尔选错一个对象，该如何去掉它？2006/12/7答：简单的再次单击这个对象来去掉它，或者点击清除选择按钮…clr‟来去掉全部所选的对象。
文献检索上机题答案
①上机习题总分100分。
②要求认真审题，独立完成，抄袭者和被抄袭者均不得分。
③可先在电脑上做好后再打印出来，注意排版整洁清晰。
1．在中国知识基础设施工程（CNKI）系列资源库的中国期刊全文数据库中检索篇名为《聚合硫酸铁的制备》发表在《四川师范大学学报》上的论文。
（6`）1）给出检索策略。
答：双击浏览器，在地址栏输入，进入江西蓝天学院图书馆，单击“中国知网CNKI系列资源库”，单击“中国学术文献网络出版总库”，在“文献出版来源”中填“四川师范大学学报”，主题栏填“聚合硫酸铁的制备”，单击“检索文献”得出信息。
2）给出该文的题录信息。
答：【作者】向群;【作者单位】四川轻化工学院;【文献出处】四川师范大学学报(自然科学版) , JOURNAL OF SICHUAN NORMAL UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE), 编辑部邮箱 1997年 01期【期刊荣誉】中文核心期刊要目总览 ASPT来源刊中国期刊方阵 CJFD收录刊【中文关键词】聚合硫酸铁; 酸度; 催化剂;【摘要】本文介绍了聚合硫酸铁的制备原理和方法，对制备方法中的催化剂选择作了一定的讨论．【DOI】 CNKI:SUN:.1997-01-016【分类号】2．你想向《软科学》杂志投稿，却不知道其通信地址、邮政编码或E-mail。
请用至少两种并方法进行查找，写出该杂志社的通讯地址、邮政编码和E-mail及具体的查找方法。
（6`）答：第一种方法：打开浏览器，在地址栏输入在搜索栏输入“《软科学》杂志社通讯地址”，在结果中点击“软科学杂志社”选项，获得结果如下：中文名称：软科学，地址：成都市人民南路4段11号5楼，邮政编码：610041，投稿信箱：，主编：张勇第二种方法：打开浏览器，在地址栏输入在搜索栏输入“《软科学》杂志社介绍”，在结果中单击“软科学杂志介绍”选项，获得结果如下：期刊名称：软科学，地址：成都市人民南路4段11号5楼，邮政编码：610041，电子邮件；，主编：张勇3．在中国知识基础设施工程（CNKI）系列资源库中找出作者“陈绍魁”发表在《电气技术》2005年第8期上的一篇文章，写出篇名。
南邮ECHO成绩
南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院爱科（Echo）工作室成果汇编附件 7 ECHO 工作室介绍及论文和获奖情况目一．爱科（ECHO）工作室简介录二．爱科（ECHO）工作室主要成员简介 三．爱科（ECHO）工作室成员活动照片 四．爱科（ECHO）工作室成果 附录一 附录二 爱科（ECHO）成员中本科生发表论文 爱科（ECHO）成员中本科生获奖目录82南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院爱科（Echo）工作室成果汇编一、爱科（ECHO）工作室简介创新型人才培养是南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院在系统深化教育教学改革进程中对 大学生课堂外综合教育体系进行探索的一项重要工作。
作为创新型人才培养全新形式的一种 尝试，学院将大学生科技创新活动与大学生思想政治教育、综合素质锻炼、创新能力培养融 为一体，组织大学生在校期间走出课堂，走进科协，通过组织多种形式的科技创新活动，营 造浓郁的科研学术氛围，实现“综合素质高，发展潜力大，创新能力强”的人才培养基本要 求。
在全员参与创新、人人鼓励科研的良好氛围的带动下，学院大学生科协选拔出了一批具 有顽强的科学精神、严谨的科学作风、优秀的科学品质的动手能力强、科研能力突出的科技 活动活跃分子，组建了大学生爱科工作室。
目前，工作室在大学生科技创新活动中发挥着越 来越重要的作用，他们既是大学生科技活动的指导者，又是大学生科技思想的领路人。
爱科（ECHO）工作室自成立以来，在学院大学生科技创新中心的指导下，充分利用大学 生科协这一有利平台，通过层次化的培训和专业分组合作的方式来重点培训有潜力的同学和 开展具有较高技术含量的科技创新活动，培养同学们具备良好的科学素养和科研意识。
同时， 爱科（ECHO）工作室利用假期定期举行面向全校同学的专业技术义务培训班以及 LINUX 相 关技术义务培训。
为全校科技爱好者们提供良好的接触最新科技的机会，通过手把手的实训， 让参与者能迅速的入门，并且极大的激发了参与者的兴趣。
计算机学科国际会议排名
序号会议名称会议介绍代表领域1 ACM SIGCOMM: ACM Conf onCommunication Architectures, Protocols &AppsACM的旗舰会议之一，也是网络领域顶级学术会议，内容侧重于有线网络，每年举办一次，录用率约为10%左右。
网络通信领域2 IEEE INFOCOM: The Conference onComputer CommunicationsIEEE计算机和通信分会联合年会，由IEEE计算机通信技术委员会和IEEE通信协会联合举办，是信息通信领域规模最大的顶尖国际学术会议，录用率约为16%左右。
这个每年一度的会议的主要议题是计算机通信，重点是流量管理和协议。
网络通信领域3 IEEE International conference oncommunicationsIEEE国际通信大会，是IEEE通信学会的两大旗舰会议之一。
每年举办一次，录用率约为30%左右。
网络通信领域4 IEEE Globecom: GlobalTelecommunications ConferenceIEEE全球电信会议，IEEE通信学会的两大旗舰会议之一。
覆盖包括语音、数据、图像和多媒体通信等热点问题的技术和其它活动。
GLOBECOM每年一次，一般都在十一月举行，录用率约为30%-40%。
网络通信领域5 IEEE ITC: International Test Conference 创始于1970年，是测试领域顶级学术会议，对工业界影响巨大。
每年举办一次，近年参会人员规模达到数千人。
网络通信领域6 IEEE The International Conference onDependable Systems and NetworksIEEE可靠系统和网络会议，是IEEE容错计算技术委员会主办的最重要的国际会议，也是可靠系统和网络领域历史最悠久，地位非常高的学术会议。
联合国教科文组织推动教师数字能力发展研究
联合国教科文组织推动教师数字能力发展研究段世飞 钱跳跳摘 要 联合国教科文组织是推动全球教师数字能力发展的重要领导者，其以引领数字时代的技术教育变革，履行公平、全纳、多元的价值追求，实现可持续发展目标与响应教育的国际合作作为推动教师数字能力发展的价值理念。
在各类横向与纵向组织架构的支持下，联合国教科文组织形成了由教师数字基本能力、数字学习能力和数字教学能力三方面组成的教师数字能力发展框架。
联合国教科文组织通过发布研究报告和战略规划、制定全球框架和标准工具、开展技能培训和经验分享、建立门户网站和数据库与促进国际合作等实践举措推动了教师数字能力发展的知识生产、树立了教师数字能力发展的国际标准、弥补了教师数字能力发展的数字鸿沟、增进了教师数字能力发展的国际视野。
关键词 教师数字能力联合国教科文组织全球教育治理作者简介 段世飞，浙江大学联合国教科文组织研究中心研究员，副主任，博士生导师（杭州 310058）； 钱跳跳，浙江大学教育学院科研助理（杭州 310058）。
中图分类号G4 文献标识码A 文章编号1009-5896(2024)01-0056-16数字技术已经成为全球知识传播的重要引擎，知识的生产、传播和应用都在数字环境中进行。
数字技术的蓬勃发展为全球共享优质资源、缩小贫富差距提供了现实条件，数字化社会成为未来社会发展的必然趋势。
教育是经济社会发展的重要推动因素，而教师素质对教育质量又起到了关键性作用。
其中，教师队伍建设是事关教育改革成效和国家未来发展的战略性、全局性和基础性工程，是提升教师能力是实现教育优先发展、科学发展的根本保障。
在构建数字化社会和推动教师能力发展的重要性均得到凸显的背景下，提升教师数字能力成为当下教育改革亟待解决的难题。
在世界范围内，就全球教育治理而言，没有哪个国际组织比联合国教科文组织发挥的作用更大、影响的范围更广。
在开展全球教育数字化治理、推动全球教师数字能力发展方面，联合国教科文组织同样扮演着全球领导者的联合国教科文组织推动教师数字能力发展研究角色。
通用06年最新AUDIT评审标准
批准者（区域流程负责人）Approvals (Regional Process Owners) 通用北美业务GMNA 通用拉美业务GMLAAM柯安妮Annette Clayton 韩戴乐Dale Hammer通用欧洲业务GME 通用亚太业务GMAP 杜彼得Peter Dersley 莫宝博Bob MoranINDEX主题目的概要评审方法缺陷权重1. 目的支持通用汽车公司制造出“细分市场的最优”的高品质产品；Support the GM Corporate goal of manufacturing “Best in Segment” quality products.给予全球制造中心以提供统一的评审方法与标准来评价发运产品的品质；Provide uniform audit methods and standards to assembly centers world-wide to evaluate outgoing product quality.为全球的整车制造工厂提供共同的产品品质的度量额定方法。
Provide common product quality measurement ratings for each vehicle assembly center world-wide.2. 概要GENERAL全球顾客评审GCA是正式的评审指南和方法。
它是以提供全体通用汽车员工以顾客为导向而来的一种评审要求。
该评审流程还概括了共同的评审方法及要求（包括评审方法、标准、设施、设备以及人员）以在全球的通用汽车制造工厂执行该评审流程和详细定义了全球整车品质要求。
The Global Custo mer Audit “GCA” is the official audit guide. It has been developed to provide GM Corporate personnel with customer oriented a udit requirements. The procedure outlines common methods (audit techniques, standards, facilities, equipment and personnel) required to perform the audit in GM assembly centers world-wide and defines the global vehicle quality requirements.整车评审员的管理将由每个通用汽车的制造工厂的品质总监/经理全面负责。
2006年中国国际消费电子展展会名录(sinoces)
2006 SINOCES将于2006年7月7日—10日在中国青岛举办。
本届博览会展览规模预计45000平米，主要展示内容为消费电子领域中的最新技术、产品和相关服务。
展览期间同时举办国际消费电子产业发展论坛、消费电子技术创新论坛、国际消费电子渠道发展论坛等10余场大型论坛和专业研讨会。
ID 公司名称公司网址01 上海科锐复合材料有限公司02 浙江义乌利客数码科技有限公司03 智多微电子（上海）有限公司04 思华科技有限公司05 上海方泰电子科技有限公司06 华亚微电子(上海)有限公司07 上海银晨智能识别科技有限公司08 上海杰得微电子有限公司09 青岛嘉豪胶粘制品有限公司10 北京精雕科技有限公司11 南京珠江路科技园12 太和电子城13 青岛东正经贸有限公司14 青岛万腾达工贸有限公司15 广州百顺科技电子厂(斌顺光电仪器厂）16 青岛新月商用电脑有限公司17 青岛康悦电子科技有限公司18 青岛索电数码科技有限公司19 法国国际检验局20 深圳市启能达资讯有限公司21 美国ALONG技术控股有限公司22 大连奥林匹克电子城23 英特尔（中国）有限公司24 深圳市一电科技有限公司25 兰大科技广场26 协亨手机连锁27 海龙电子城28 南京珠江路科技街29 星河手机电脑连锁30 海易通电讯发展有限公司31 珠海魅族电子科技有限公司32 电波新闻社33 中国电子信息产业发展研究院34 世界电子元器件35 中电网36 长艺资讯联盟37 健和兴端子(股)公司/广州天恒华东区38 上海国宽信息科技有限公司39 台北县电脑商业同业公会.tw40 爱普生〔中国〕有限公司/41 北京<<中外会展>>杂志社42 嘉善天龙电子有限公司（深圳）分公司43 北京高新华康科技有限公司44 凯高国际贸易（上海）有限公司45 中国发明协会46 北京大恒鼎芯科技有限公司47 青岛卓英社科技有限公司48 太阳诱电（上海）电子贸易有限公司49 环球市场集团(亚洲)有限公司50 香港无线电技术出版社51 台湾译龙股份有限公司52 中国进出口银行青岛分行53 浙江欣成达光电科技有限公司54 上海汉创科技有限公司55 新科电子集团有限公司56 松技网络数据库股份有限公司57 拓墣科技股份有限公司58 中国网通（集团）有限公司青岛市分公司59 德国中小企业联合总会(中国) 60 宝石星球股份有限公司61 联想62 丽羽电子股份有限公司63 西本彩色股份有限公司64 广源网络传媒有限公司65 消费电子商讯66 帆宣系统科技股份有限公司67 深圳鼎鑫源实业有限公司68 元融企业有限公司69 青禾动画设计有限公司70 巨玑信息股份有限公司71 苏州达方电子有限公司72 台湾微米科技股份有限公司73 《电子元器件应用》杂志社74 美之尊电子科技有限公司75 东莞众富五金制品有限公司76 无锡夏普电子元器件有限公司77 台湾区电机电子工业同业公会.tw78 天翼实业有限公司/天晟模具电子(东莞)厂79 金笔企业股份有限公司80 圜达实业股份有限公司81 艾法科技股份有限公司82 台湾译龙股份有限公司83 江苏翔宇电子有限公司84 雄美企业有限公司85 凯士士企业股份有限公司86 深圳古韵电子木艺有限公司87 浙江嘉康电子股份有限公司88 南通东新电子有限公司89 北京突破电气有限公司90 通讯商情91 冠豪小精灵电子厂92 《微电脑世界》杂志社93 济南摩拜尔移动数码科技有限公司94 山东移动通信有限责任公司青岛分公司95 广州华兴科数码科技有限公司96 青岛天港华润电子有限公司97 广州声派电子科技有限公司98 中国电子商情·视听前线99 山东俊华电子科技有限公司100 英属盖曼群岛商家庭传媒(股)公司城邦分公司-《新电子》杂志 101 深圳市亚威广告有限公司102 中企动力科技集团股份有限公司103 万国商业网104 青岛时代阳光广告有限公司105 东莞石碣顺利塑胶五金制品厂106 中国职业经理人107 青岛迅利捷网络108 深圳市发现广告有限公司109 广州联生信息科技有限公司110 宁波索迈家居用品有限公司111 TUV南德意志集团（中国）112 《家庭影院技术》杂志社113 深圳市精业达科技有限公司114 闪联信息产业协会115 Producciones A 110 Miami TV 116 《电子经理世界》杂志社117 电子资讯时报社118 雅佳影音多媒体（中山）有限公司119 中国家用电器研究院《家电科技》杂志社 120 齐鸣视听国际贸易(上海)有限公司 121 北京创迪电器制造有限公司122 德利威电子股份有限公司123 东莞市寮步镇人民政府124 全亚文化事业有限公司125 无锡锡福精密部件有限公司126 利基行销价链整合顾问室127 上海元基工业设计有限公司128 《小家电商情》129 厂商会检定中心130 永驰电子企业股份有限公司131 点将家企业股份有限公司132 深圳市朗科科技有限公司133 深圳率先电器有限公司134 永裕数码135 铭盛国际有限公司136 深圳市迈乐数码科技有限公司137 «动感CITY»杂志社138 上海译辰信息科技有限公司139 北京大明五洲科技有限公司140 莱尼电气线缆（常州）有限公司 141 北京意高科技有限公司142 金利橡胶股份有限公司143 慧聪网144 圜达实业股份有限公司145 青岛河林精密机械有限公司146 北京晨拓联达科贸有限责任公司147 北京亚都科技股份有限公司148 有限责任中间法人相机影像机器工业协会http://www.cipa.jp/149 技术在线! 150 北京实力空间网络科技有限公司151 方正科技集团股份有限公司152 汉王科技股份有限公司153 京欣丽(北京)数码科技有限公司154 《EDN CHINA电子设计技术》杂志社155 北京日创电器有限公司156 东莞众富五金制品有限公司 157 环球资源158 北京航天宏达光电技术有限公司159 可重写产品促进协会160 tel168手机时代161 青岛艾尔电子有限公司162 英特卡集团163 世健系统(香港)有限公司 164 中兴通讯股份有限公司165 Ruckus Wireless 166 《信息周刊》167 江苏稳润光电有限公司168 佛山市顺德区欧科电器有限公司 169 东莞康明电子有限公司 170 佛山市立信机械制造有限公司171 深圳市美欧亚电源科技有限公司172 浙江优普生精密电子有限公司173 浙江欣成达光电科技有限公司174 浙江荣亿精密机械有限公司175 深圳市成研科技有限公司176 嘉兴市佳宏电声设备有限公司177 信湖新能源电子(深圳)有限公司178 杭州金色能源科技有限公司179 大连保税区金宝至电子有限公司180 天极信息发展有限公司181 深圳市数字鱼通信信息技术有限公司182 东莞贻凯电子有限公司183 艾维亚电子科技(深圳)有限公司184 江苏中联科技集团有限公司185 欧贸（中国）有限公司186 雅新实业股份有限公司187 国叶程宏科技发展有限公司188 瑞安市文忠电子设备有限公司189 宁波屹东电子股份有限公司190 中国电子杂志社191 环球资讯《环球光电与显示》《环球线缆与连接》 192 广州市艺特科技有限公司193 无锡康利精机有限公司194 北京纽曼理想数码科技有限公司195 TD-SCDMA产业联盟196 徐州瑞祺医疗设备有限公司197 无锡市电子仪表工业公司198 无锡科尔华电子有限公司199 柏承电子（昆山）有限公司200 Barun电子201 挪威联广验证股份有限公司202 绍兴新泰科电子有限公司203 江苏恒宝股份有限公司204 南通江海电容器有限公司205 第一财经日报社206 《中国电子商情》杂志207 家用电器杂志社208 春兰（集团）公司209 设计创新210 华讯传通媒体有限公司211 明基仓储（上海外高桥保税区）有限公司 212 深圳市八宝贸易有限公司213 深圳古韵电子木艺有限公司214 恒达电器实业有限公司215 香港贸易发展局青岛办事处216 厦门哈隆电子有限公司217 广州市骄阳电子科技有限公司218 昆山弘腾电子有限公司219 杭州博脉科技有限公司220 安信科技公司221 青岛豪江电器有限公司222 深圳市马尔斯科技有限公司223 苏州宝瑞杰电子有限公司224 同昌电子有限公司225 浙江玉王电器有限公司226 北京冠天高科科技有限公司227 宝山钢铁股份有限公司228 深圳市世新科技有限公司229 欧兰普电子科技（泉州）有限公司230 东莞樟木头励冠科技电子厂231 广东电子商贸网232 深圳市辉煌电子有限公司/233 北京联众电脑技术有限责任公司234 圳金台兴电器有限公司235 上海科锐复合材料有限公司236 惠州三华工业有限公司237 旭晟电器(深圳)有限公司238 东莞爱科电子有限公司239 南京焦点科技开发有限公司（中国制造网）240 深圳市昊成微电脑技术有限公司 241 广建科技有限公司/242 东莞市美汇电子有限公司243 灿荣五金(东莞)有限公司244 Intertek 天祥集团245 冠利得商标印刷有限公司246 深圳市林凯电子技术有限公司247 信一（青岛）机电有限公司http://www.shinil.co.kr248 厦门荃崐数码科技有限公司249 中国网通青岛分公司250 福建南平南孚电池有限公司251 齐鸣视听国际贸易（上海）有限公司 252 青岛佳讯联科网络科技有限公司253 泉州市轻工电子科技有限公司254 山东移动通信有限责任公司255 东芝（中国）有限公司256 捷赛厨电（北京）科技有限公司257 莱茵技术-商检（青岛）有限公司258 大潭设计公司259 深圳市冠利得商标印刷有限公司/260 青岛海乐电气有限公司261 北京旅之星业新技术有限公司262 深圳市科乐科技有限公司263 青岛源至诚实业有限公司264 江苏添福产品服务有限公司北京分公司 265 白光发展有限公司266 东莞市精进五金塑胶有限公司267 东莞市泰威电子有限公司268 青岛歌尔电子有限公司269 惠州市正牌科电有限公司270 天津通广集团益之达科技有限公司271 北京华美博弈软件开发有限公司272 厦华电子公司273 飞宏科技股份有限公司274 深圳市紫泰荆实业发展有限公司275 天津力神电池股份有限公司276 中山奥凯华科电子科技有限公司277 锦艺国际发展有限公司278 清华同方股份有限公司279 四川长虹电器股份有限公司280 今台电子（深圳）有限公司上海办事处 281 深圳数字鱼通信信息技术有限公司282 青岛泰和系统工程有限公司283 青岛福库电子有限公司284 夏新电子股份有限公司285 灿升塑胶五金（东莞）有限公司286 青岛华文科技有限公司287 青岛光辉网印设备有限公司288 上海阳杰贸易有限公司289 快捷五金制品（苏州）有限公司290 青岛高敏视电子有限公司291 东莞三友电器有限公司292 浙江大华技术股份有限公司293 索尼爱立信移动通信产品（中国）有限公司 294 索尼（中国）有限公司295 日本电计株式会社上海代表处http://www.n-denkei.co.jp296 利达电子株式会社http://www.leader.co.jp297 深圳泰德激光科技有限公司298 北京华旗资讯数码科技有限公司299 青岛澳柯玛集团300 宝山钢铁股份有限公司301 佛山欧科电器有限公司302 力上加力科技（深圳）有限公司http://www.si-tel.it303 香港吉康电子科技有限公司（合众思壮）304 金士顿科技公司/china305 3LCD 306 RWPPI 307 广州朗正数码电子有限公司 308 劲永（上海）国际贸易有限公司 309 译龙信息技术（上海）有限公司 310 上海美媒软件有限公司311 青岛三业商贸有限公司312 广州艺特科技有限公司313 海尔集团314 海信集团有限公司315 美汇实业有限公司。
国际无卤规范趋势介绍
Your Global Partners in Quality.
Page 31
防火／阻燃材(UL-94)之研判標準
測試標準－厚材UL94V(VERTICAL)
標 準 火源移開後之 續燃時間 < 10秒 < 30秒 < 30秒 燃燒滴下 否 否 是 燃燒至樣品夾具 否 否 否
V-0 V-1 V-2
Your Global Partners in Quality.
Page 33
燃燒要素
燃燒條件 滅火方法名稱 滅火原
可燃物 拆除法
滅火方法
搬或除去 將可燃物搬火中或自燃燒的火焰 可燃物 中除去 除去助燃物 排除、隔絕或者減少空氣中的氧氣
助燃物(氧)
窒息法
熱
能
卻法
滅少熱能 破壞鎖 反應
使可燃物的溫低到燃點以下 加入能與游基結合的物質，破壞 或阻礙鎖反應
資源：工研院IEK(2006/11)
Your Global Partners in Quality.
Page 28
常用鹵素化合物及阻燃劑介紹
Your GloΒιβλιοθήκη al Partners in Quality.
Page 29
鹵素化合物
多溴苯 (PBBs) 多溴苯醚 (PBDEs) 溴系阻燃劑 四溴雙酚-A (TBBP-A) 溴環十二烷 (HBCD) 其他
測試條件：20mm 高的火源，自底部燃燒垂直的樣品，火源燃燒10 秒次。 等 級：V-0 > V-1 > V-2 >合格 Your Global Partners in Quality.
Page 32
工業上常用阻燃劑
溴系阻燃劑(BFRs)：阻燃效高為氯系阻燃劑的倍 溴系阻燃劑(BFRs)：阻燃效高為氯系阻燃劑的倍 相對用少，對複合材的學性能幾乎沒有影響 相對用少，對複合材的學性能幾乎沒有影響
天然糖蛋白的提取_分离与纯化_刘兴华
2003, 18(5):915-924. [ 50] Vella S, Palmisano L.The global status of resistance to an-
[ 48] Lu N Q , Zha S W .Inhibitory effects of human seminal plasma on an ELISA used to detect anti-sperm antibodies :implication for the determination of sperm quality [ J] .J Reprod Immunol , 2000 , 47(1):33-40.
天然糖蛋白的提取 、分离与纯化
刘兴华 , 赵浩如＊
(中国药科大学中药制剂教研室 , 江苏 南京 210038)
[ 摘 要] 概 述天然糖蛋白的提取 、分离 、纯化及纯度鉴定方法研究 。 糖蛋白具有 调节免疫 、抗肿瘤 等多种生理 和 药理活性 , 国内外学者对多种天然糖蛋白的提取 、分离与纯化进行了大量研究 , 推动了糖蛋白药物的发展 。 [ 关键词] 糖蛋白 ;提取 ;分离 ;纯化 ;纯度鉴定 [ 中图分类号] R284.2 [ 文献标识码] A [ 文章编号] 1001 -5094(2006)12-0542 -06
Extraction , Separation and Purification of Natural Glycoproteins
LIU Xing-hua , ZHAO Hao-ru＊
华为的国际分销渠道
1简介
华为已经成功跻身全球第二大设备商。2010年，华为销售收入达 1852亿元（人民币）。而一旦在2011年继续保持20%的增长，华为将在规 模上超越爱立信，成为全球最大的综合通信设备商。2011年上半年，华 为实现销售收入983亿元，同比增长11%；实现营业利润124亿元。据预计 ，华为在2011全年将完成1990亿元的销售收入。
海外市场首次超越国内市场。
应商”三项大奖。
2006 美国移劢运营商Leap选择华为建设3G网络，该CDMA 3G网络将覆盖美国加利福 尼亚州、爱达荷州、内华达州等重要地区。 eMobile选择华为为其部署日本第一个基于IP的HSDPA无线接入网络。 华为不3COM完成针对H3C的竞贩。
。
2007
70%的TOP 50运营商选择华为，获Vodafone 2007全球供应商大奖
不Global Marine合作成立合资公司，提供海缆端到端网络解决斱案。 成为欧洲所有顶级运营商的合作伙伴。 被沃达丰授予“2007杰出表现奖”，是唯一获此奖项的电信网络解决斱案
国 际 化 大 事 记
供应商。 2008 被商业周刊评为全球十大最有影响力的公司。
根据Informa的咨询报告，华为在移劢设备市场领域排名全球第三。 首次在北美大规模商用UMTS/HSPA网络，为加拿大运营商Telus和Bell建设下一 代无线网络。 移劢宽带产品全球累计发货量超过2000万部，根据ABI的数据，市场份额位 列全球第一。 全年共递交1737件PCT与利申请，在2008年专利申请公司(人)排名榜上排
• • • • • • •
华为交换机连续三年全球第一（32%） 智能网用户数全球第一 NGN出货量全球第一（28%） 光网络产品全球第三（9.1%） 宽带产品全球第二（17%） 综合接入产品全球第三（4.7%） 华为是全球少数实现3G WCDMA商用的厂商，已全面掌握WCDMA核心 技术，成为全球少数提供全套商用系统的厂商之一。
G96恒线速控制恒线速度
G96恒线速控制恒线速度G96 恒线速控制恒线速度G97 恒线速取消注销G96G98 返回起始平⾯---G99 返回R平⾯---（3）尺⼨字尺⼨字⽤于确定机床上⼑具运动终点的坐标位置。
其中，第⼀组 X，Y，Z，U，V，W，P，Q，R ⽤于确定终点的直线坐标尺⼨；第⼆组 A，B，C，D，E ⽤于确定终点的⾓度坐标尺⼨；第三组 I，J，K ⽤于确定圆弧轮廓的圆⼼坐标尺⼨。
在⼀些数控系统中，还可以⽤P指令暂停时间、⽤R指令圆弧的半径等。
多数数控系统可以⽤准备功能字来选择坐标尺⼨的制式，如FANUC诸系统可⽤G21/G22来选择⽶制单位或英制单位，也有些系统⽤系统参数来设定尺⼨制式。
采⽤⽶制时，⼀般单位为mm，如X100指令的坐标单位为100 mm。
当然，⼀些数控系统可通过参数来选择不同的尺⼨单位。
（4）进给功能字F进给功能字的地址符是F，⼜称为F功能或F指令，⽤于指定切削的进给速度。
对于车床，F可分为每分钟进给和主轴每转进给两种，对于其它数控机床，⼀般只⽤每分钟进给。
F指令在螺纹切削程序段中常⽤来指令螺纹的导程。
（5）主轴转速功能字S主轴转速功能字的地址符是S，⼜称为S功能或S指令，⽤于指定主轴转速。
单位为r/min。
对于具有恒线速度功能的数控车床，程序中的S指令⽤来指定车削加⼯的线速度数。
（6）⼑具功能字T⼑具功能字的地址符是T，⼜称为T功能或T指令，⽤于指定加⼯时所⽤⼑具的编号。
对于数控车床，其后的数字还兼作指定⼑具长度补偿和⼑尖半径补偿⽤。
（7）辅助功能字M辅助功能字的地址符是M，后续数字⼀般为1～3位正整数，⼜称为M功能或M指令，⽤于指定数控机床辅助装置的开关动作，见表1.2。
表1.2 M功能字含义表M功能字含义M00 程序停⽌M01 计划停⽌M02 程序停⽌M03 主轴顺时针旋转M04 主轴逆时针旋转M05 主轴旋转停⽌M06 换⼑M07 2号冷却液开M08 1号冷却液开M09 冷却液关M30 程序停⽌并返回开始处M98 调⽤⼦程序M99 返回⼦程序1.1.3程序格式1、程序段格式程序段是可作为⼀个单位来处理的、连续的字组，是数控加⼯程序中的⼀条语句。
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The Global Enterprise Supply NetworkPresented by Steffen Chalupny François Morel Greg Mark Eddie HuiPlanning Globally, Trading Locallycc-hubwoo, the only truly global team and networkSteffen Chalupny SVP, North & Central Europe Operations Eddie Hui VP, Asia Pacific Greg Mark SVP, North American OperationsFrançois MorelSVP, South Europe, MEA & Asia OperationsJune 29, 20062cc-hubwoo Customer BriefingMarket Central & Northern EuropeSteffen Chalupny June 22, 2006 MARNE-LA-VALLEE, FRANCEOrganization of Market Central & Northern EuropeAlain Andréoli Chief Executive OfficerSteffen Chalupny Senior Vice President Central / Northern Europe Kai Walterschen Trainee1 Bonn 21 Bonn(“CENE”)Key Account Management CENE1 BonnSales CE/NE7 BonnJörn Veith Vice President KAM CE/NE Deputy to SVP4 Supplier Business CENE Jens Krause (acting) Head of Supplier Business BonnSteffen Chalupny Sr. Vice President Sales CE/NEOliver Dohle Key Account ManagerBonnJohannes Ohl Key Account Manager Bonn Toby Potter Key Account Manager London Erika Schlack Sales Support Executive Bonn N.N. Key Account Manager StavangerJef Bouwens Sr. Director SalesAntwerp.Luis de Montes Jr. Director SaleslondonDonna Haley Director Global Accounts UK London Jens Krause Key Account Director Christian Leussler Director SalesJune 29, 2006Michaela Fahrtmann Direct Sales ManagerBonnNicole Vogler Key Account ManagerMelanie Kalms Director SalesBonn bonnEmma Shakespeare Sales ManagerLondon N.N Sales managerBonnVolkan Kavsak Key Account Manager Bonn Christina Noll Sales Support ExecutiveN. N. Director SalesBonnBonnBonnBonn4cc-hubwoo - CENE CustomersJune 29, 20065cc-hubwoo - CENE Suppliers Key Figures (Suppliers) Total number of suppliersthereof1028 603 969 159 398 > 1.5 Mio. (2005) > 4.3 Billion € (2005)# Catalog suppliers Document exchange - # web based suppliers - # integrated suppliers # cc-easyOrder suppliers # Purchase Orders TA valueJune 29, 20066cc-hubwoo - Used Services Services (Number of Buyers) TRX (HUB) Content Management Catalog Management- cc-catalog – ASP-model - cc-buyergate - cc-easyOrder - c2e 27 30 4 4 1 4 28 30cc-buy (SRM) cc-buy light (cc-procure & cc-uwr)June 29, 20067cc-hubwoo - CENE New BusinessMain targets – Geography: DE, UK, BeNeLux, DK – Prospects: Large & medium Enterprises Sales Strategy – Direct sales – Indirect via global consulting firms Competitors – IBX (Nordics), Ariba (UK), niche players (overall), internal IT departments Successes Q1 – Germany most successful Challenges – Niche players with dumping offersJune 29, 20068Customer Enhancement Requests – Top 5 Objectives• eInvoicing (VAT-compliant) • NAFTA rollout • Further supplier rollout CENE • eSourcing • Invoice Service EntryJune 29, 20069cc-hubwoo Customer BriefingSouth Europe, Asia & Middle East The Enterprise Supply Network™Presented by François Morel, Senior Vice PresidentBuyersSupplierscc-hubwoo Direct reports SEAMEA as of April 4th 2006François MORELSenior Vice PresidentEddie HUIVice President,ASIA Stéphane COUETNG Italie Spain/Argentina Gustavo Del LianoAxosseMichel ORVILLEIndirect & Partner ship Pascal REMPENAULTProject DirectorField Operation SEAMEASales Organization “new business”Oil & gas, chemical, energyElectronic, Utilities, industryOthersSEMEA BuyercommunitySupplier communityMore customers than ever are joining theGlobal Enterprise Supply Network TMMore than 250 newsuppliers have joined the network since 2006New customerscc-hubwoo -SEMEA Suppliers# Catalogue suppliers Total number of suppliers4559873Key Figures (Suppliers) # Purchase Orders TA value> 1,3 Billion €(2005)> 0.7 Mio. (2005) # Non Catalogue supplier % integrated Catalogue suppliers 70%thereof9418cc-hubwoo -Used Services-TRX (Hub)-cc-catalog -Omnicontent -cc-buy (SRM) Full Service including 13 buyersServices (Buyers) Cat. + Hub Service2 buyers 5 buyers Only Catalogue Service 1 buyer Only Hub Servicecc-hubwoo -SEMEA New BusinessMain targets–Regions: France, Italy, Spain, Argentina, Asia,Middle East–Prospects: Large & medium EnterprisesSales Strategy–Direct Sales & Business PartnersSuccesses H1 2006:–Central Cost : Cisbio, Manpower,…Competitors–Ariba, Perfect Commerce ,Achat Pro (publicsector), niche playersChallenges–Generate before the end of 2006 a minimum of 1million revenue from new customers–Develop activity with existing customersCustomer Enhancement Requests –Top 5 ObjectivesSupplier value propositionNon catalogue Supplier massive onboardingSupplier Portal with self registration andunify database accessible for sourcingpurposeseSourcingE-Invoicingcc-hubwoo Customer BriefingNorth American Market UpdateGregory A. Mark SVP, North American Operations June 22, 2006 MARNE-LA-VALLEE, FRANCEOrganization of North American OperationsAlain Andréoli Chief Executive OfficerGregory A. Mark Senior Vice President North American OperationsKey Account Management Raul Vergara Director KAM NAOperatios Management Robbie Pateder Director, NA OperationsSales NA Thomas DiPuma VP, New Business DevelopmentSupplier Business Darryl Perry Manager, Supplier Enablement Daniel Regan Director, New Business DevelopmentJune 29, 200622cc-hubwoo North America’s CustomersJune 29, 200623cc-hubwoo – North America SuppliersKey Figures (Suppliers) Total number of suppliers # Catalog suppliers Document exchange - # web based suppliers - # integrated suppliers • Document Types • # Purchase Orders • Transaction value >1200 USA+Canada >150 >1200 15PO/CO/POR/COR/ASN/GRN/INV> 300k (2005) > 500 Million USD (2005)June 29, 200624cc-hubwoo – Services used in North AmericaServices (Buyers) TRX (HUB) Content Management Catalog Management - cc-catalog – ASP-model - cc-buyergate - cc-easyOrder - cc-Factory TRP 7 buyers 7 buyers 0 buyers 2 buyers 3 buyers 8 buyers 8 buyersJune 29, 200625cc-hubwooMain targets – Geography: US, Canada, Latin America – Prospects: Global 2000 Enterprises, SAP, OGC Sales Strategy – Direct sales – Channel sales – 3rd Party Lead Generation Competitors – Ariba, Ketera, Perfect Commerce, ePlus, and various vertical/niche players such as Quadrem, SciQuest, Enporion Successes Q1 – Expanding European customers in NA Challenges – Name recognition – Competitors willing to operate at lossJune 29, 2006 26North American Operations Top 5 Objectives1. Marketing (getting the name out) 2. Channel Sales Development Procuri Inovis Establish BPO partner 3. Initiate Lead Generation Program 4. Sign new business in NA 5. Leverage eInvoicing in Supplier CommunityJune 29, 200627Talk Global Walk LocalJune 22, 2006/ Asia ChallengesPresented by Eddie Hui Vice President - AsiaAgendaIntroduction – Myself – Opportunities – Challenges Action – Customer Support PlanJune 29, 200629Introduction - Eddie HuiEddie Hui - VP - Asia Pacific – In present position for 3 months. – 25+ years experience in IT, business consulting and trading business. – Electronic and Engineering Business Management academic background. – 6 times business start-up experience in Canada, HK, Taiwan and China.• • • • • • Profitgen International in 1988 CPC-Mason Technology in 1993 EMC China in 1997 StorageTek Taiwan in 2000 Storage Alliance in 2002 cc-hubwoo Asia Pacific in 2006“ SUCCESS RATE IS OVER 80%”June 29, 200630Introduction -Opportunities in AsiaIntroduction –Opportunities for cc-hubwooOpportunities–50% of cc-hubwoo Corporate Buyers have direct presence and JV factories in low cost production Asian countries.–cc-hubwoo Asia will meet our Clients needs who want to generate more revenue by off shoring–cc-hubwoo Asia will leverage the Request for Quotation from our 60+ Corporate Clients and 12,000+ suppliers (buyers) to source for qualified suppliers in Asia to reduce their cost in procurement.–cc-hubwoo Asia will leverage the partnership with Hutchison PetroChina Information Technology Limited at Beijing, China to recruit more quality suppliers in Oil & Gas Industry in China and helping cc-hubwoo to on-boarding the suppliers to our Platform.Introduction -ChallengesChallenges in Asia Pacific–Big Geography, Fragmented Countries, different Cultures, Multiple languages.–Few local manufacturers or enterprises reach the volume in using e-procurement via a e-market place and it needs localized versions ofsolution for most Asian countries.–Most Corporate Buyers production plants are JV. The local side only see the high cost but not the value in adopting overseas JV partner’ssolution.–Quality of products in procurement are not meeting Health, Safety and Environmental Standards for exporting like in Oil & Gas industry.–Suppliers of Buyers in LCP countries need to be educated, trained & re-trained with more coaching and management.–Suppliers in low cost countries have “patchy”payment recordsAction -Customer Support PlanCustomer Support Plan in Asia Pacific –By beginning of Q4/06–Have an experienced Business Process Manager visits Corporate Buyers subsidiaries in Asia to understand their business process in procurement and requirement -to identify the opportunities and issues to bring back to HQ–Have a local support team based out of Hong Kong to provide same time zone support to suppliers in on-boarding and training as most CorporateBuyers and their suppliers to-day are still ASEAN or Southern Chinacentric…e.g. Shell in Malaysia, Brunei, KL; Solvay in Thailand; Thomson in ASEAN and Southern China–Set up Satellite marketing and pre-sales support team at Shanghai to develop relationship with Corporate Buyers and pursue new business by leveraging consulting companies and channel partners in AsiaTHANK YOU。