高中名词性从句讲解：主语从句-宾语从句-表语从句-同位语从句

3.Our teacher said that he would go there.
4.I’m sure that he will come. △双宾语：指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。
He gave me two books.
三、宾语 宾语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1.She lived a happy life.(名词 ) 2.I love you.( 代词) 3.We need two.( 数词) 4.Do you mind my opening the door?(动名词) 5.He began to learn English a year ago.(不定式) 6.He did not know what to say.(疑问词+不定式) 7.Did you write down what she said? ( 从句 ) 8. She felt it her duty to take good care of them. ( It作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语 )
四、表语
表语：跟在连系动词后面的词语或从句,用 来说明主语的身份,特征,状态.
The trees turn green. The flowers are beautiful . My job is to teach you English. The question is how we can get there.
• A.Did B. twins
C. have D. breakfast
三、宾语
宾语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一 般放在_及__物__动__词__或__介__词___后面,有时也在形容 词后.
1.He is looking at the dog.
2.Our teacher said it.
• A. Do B. usually
C.go D. bus
• ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
• A. will be B. meeting afternoon
C. the library D.
• ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?
• A. don't B. like
C. picture D. wall
• ② The days get longer and longer when summer
comes.
• A. get
B. longer
C. days D. summer
• ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
7. When to hold the meeting has not been decided yet.
(疑问词+不定式)
Hale Waihona Puke 8. What he needs is a book. （ 从句
）
9. It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall
五、定语 定语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1.It’s a red car.( 形容词) 2.They live in the room above.( 副词 )
3.My brother is a teacher.(物主代词)
4.We belong to the third world.( 数词 ) 5.Lucy’s father is a worker.( 名词所有格 )
一、主语 主语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1. The sun rises in the east. （ 名词 ） 2. He likes dancing. （ 代词 ）
3. Two will be enough.( 数词 ) 4. Seeing is believing. （ 动名词） 6. To see is to believe. （不定式 ）
（ 不定式 ）
11.Will you tell us about your teaching plan? （动名词 ）
12.This is the very book that I need. （ 从句 ）
六、状语
状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句， 说明时间、地点、方式、因果、条件、让 步、方向、程度、目的，伴随等。
（方式）
六、状语 状语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1. He is often late for class.( 副词，程度 ) 2. We saw that picture at the cinema介.( 词短语，地点 ) 3. He sat there smoking.(分词，伴随 ) 4. They returned tired and hungry. （形容词，状态 ）
状语从句： 时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、 原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、 方式状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句
John often came to chat with me．
(程度
目的)
As he was ill, he didn’t come to class yesterday.
△情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语, 必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语 .
They can speak English well. They are playing over there.
系动词
1）状态系动词，用来表示主语状态，只有be （am,is ,are,was,were,been,being）一词
1) It is wrong to tell a lie. ( 说谎是错误的。)
2) It is no use arguing about it. (争吵是没用的。) 3) It is uncertain who will come. (谁要来还不确定)。
实义动词
二、谓语 系动词 （V.） 情态动词 助动词
4）表“像…”系动词,主要有seem, appear, look, 例
如：
He looks tired.
He seems (to be) very sad.
5）变化系动词，表示主语变成什么样，主要有
become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come
He became mad after that.
( 形容词/副词 ) 5. He is out of danger.( 介词短语 )
adv. 走开, 隔断, 出发
6. The news was exciting./They were excited at the news.(分词 )
7. What surprised me most was that he spoke Chinese so well.( 从句 )
( 现在分词
)
五、定语 定语可以用下面这些东西表示： 9.I liked the food cooked by my mother./Retired
people have a good time at home.( 过去分词) 10.There are two things to be discussed today.
六、状语 状语可以用下面这些东西表示：
9. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. （ 时间状语从句 ）
like a tree.
（It作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语）
什么情况下用it作形式主语？
当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子中作主语 时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻， 因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的 主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本 身无词义。
你能划出下列句子的真正的主语吗?你懂得翻 译下列句子吗？
四、表语 表语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1. He is a teacher. ( 名词 ) 2. My idea is this.( 代词 ) 3. She was the first to arrive.( 数词 )
4. I feel much better today./I must be off now.
5. They did everything they could to save the boy’s life. （ 不定式，目的 ）
6. Although he is young, he knows a lot.让( 步状语从句 ) 7. The box is so heavy that I can’t lift it.结( 果状语从句 )
He is a teacher.
2）感官系动词，主要有feel, smell, sound, taste This flower smells very sweet.
3）持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况
或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
一、主语 主语（subject）：谓语动作的发出者，或 谓语描述的对象。主语一般位于_句___首__ ， 谓语前。
1.Lucy likes her new bike.
2.We work hard.
3.To learn a foreign language is not easy.
4.Playing football after school is great fun.
谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由 _动__词___ 充当.动词常分为实义动词,系动词, 情态动词和助动词.
• 1. We love China. • 2. She seems tired. • 3. He can speak English • 4. We have finished reading this book.