上海市行知中学2018届高考三模英语试卷含答案

2018 届高三高考模拟考试英语试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上填写自己的准考证号、姓名、试室号和座位号。

用2B型铅笔把答题卡上试室号、座位号对应的信息点涂黑。

2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B型铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡整洁。

考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第 I 卷I.Listening ComprehensionSection A - Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.prepared.1.A. She didn’t like the food the manB.She does prefer spicy food.C.She thinks the man spent too much time cooking.D.She is annoyed with the man.any change in David.2.A. He hadn’t noticedB.David looks different without a beard.C.David looks nicer without a beard.D.He hasn’t seen David for a long time.3.A. The paper should be completed by next Friday.B.Only the first part of the term paper is due next Friday.C.Some students didn’t finish their term paper on time.yet.D.Some students haven’t started their paperparty.4.A. Lucy didn’t attend theB.It was cancelled at the last minute.friends did much of the work.C.Lucy’sinvited.D.The man wasn’ｔ5. A. Buy a ticket for the man. B. Watch a live game.C. Go to the man’ｓhome. D. Sell the man her ticket.train.6.A. She’d rather take a directB.She doesn’t care how long the triptakes.York.C.It doesn’t take long to get to NewD.Taking a plane might be more practical.7.A. Lose some weight. B. Shop for new clothes.C. Have his jeans altered.D. Wear clothes that fit more tightly.8.A. Souvenirs. B. Books. C. A shaver. D. Cosmetics.9.A. Something unusual happened in the laboratory.B.The laboratory should never be locked.C.The laboratory is generally unlocked on Friday afternoon.laboratory.D.The man didn’t have the key to the10.A. Sorry. B. Annoyed C. Disappointed. D. Surprised.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following conversation.11.A. Teaching staff. B. Environmentalists.C. School cleaners.D. College students.12.A. It keeps track of how clean or populated the air is on an hour-to-hour basis.B.The Environmental Protection Agency made the Clean Air Act.C.People in Atlanta, Georgia, may be feeling the effects of poor air quality today.D.Sensitive groups of people may not feel sick until the AQI reaches 150.13.A. Checking the AQI before going outside.B.Limiting outdoor activities every day.C.Staying home on high level days.D.No exercising on high level days.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following conversation.14.A. Smart home technology. B. Advanced computers.C. Google Home.D. Defence industry.15.A. Technology can help homeowners look in on pets when they are away.B.Smart home devices can foresee big storms before they happen.C.There’s possibility that you talk with someone at your door while you are away.D.Smart home devices can be controlled from both inside and outside your home.16.A. The information they store in the computer.B.Leaks and flooding caused by storms.C.The security of the smart home devices.D.The safety of their pet dogs at home.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Forest fires. B. The history of a coastal city.C. Coastal redwood trees.D. The city of San Francisco.18.A. In California.B.In the north of San Francisco.C.In MuriWoods National Monument.D.Not mentioned.19.A. 350 years. B. 400 years. C. 800 years. D. 2000 years.20.A. The costal redwoods are the tallest living things.B.The coastal redwoods prefer foggy climate.C.The coastal redwoods are resistant to forest fires.D.The costal redwoods are the oldest living things in the world.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Last year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house,21 I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly — we were always suddenly out of something. 22 (wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she 23 pack a paper bag full ofcanned goods and head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and 24 happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in 25 she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —why would she not want to tell me about what she 26 (do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I wouldstop 27 (buy) the groceries if I found out?When she got home, I told her about my discovery. 28 she could react, I gave her a big hug andsecret 29 me. She told me that some of the children lived with antold her she didn’t need to keep it aolder lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum had been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by 30 selfless she was.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accountedB. averageC. continuousD. rankE. linkF. comparison G additional H. associated I. risk J. confirmed K. applyingTelevision watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct from gettingtoo little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even 31 alongside those from smoking and obesity. Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) 32 of six hours a day shorten their life expectancy by almost five years.They based their calculations on data on the 33 between television viewing and death from the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which involved l 1,000 adults aged 25 and over. After 34__ these findings to the whole population over 25, who are estimated to have watched 9.8 billion hours of TV in2008, they concluded that it 35 for 286,000 years of life lost—equivalent to 22 minutes for each, hour watched. By 36 , smoking one cigarette is estimated to shorten life expectancy by 11 minutes -- equivalent to half an hour of TV watching.Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the authors from the University of Queensland, say the figures suggest "huge loss of life may be 37 with too much TV viewing." The UK and other industrialized countries are likely to be similarly affected "given the typically large amounts of time spent watching TV and the similarities in disease patterns." The researchers add: "If these figures are 38and shown to reflect a cause and effect relationship, TV viewing is a public health problem comparable insize to established behavioral risk factors."Researchers from Taiwan University found even those who did as little as 92 minutes' exercise a week, — equivalent to 15 minutes a day for six days a week -- reduced their 39 of death by 14 per cent. Even this small amount of exercise could postpone one in six of all deaths — similar to the effects of a stop-smoking programme. Each 40 15 minutes a day reduced the death rate by a further 4 per cent.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A detailed study of biological diversity in town and city gardens has found that they offer a vital refuge for animals and plants. It has also fund that many of the ideas about wildlife gardening are not 41 . In fact, small gardens are just as good as big gardens at 42 wildlife, suburban gardens are not always better than city gardens and non-native plants are not always harmful to native insects and birds.16,000,000 gardens are a refuge for hundreds of species of animals and plants that would find it Britain’ｓ43 to survive on intensively farmed land. According to the study, gardens are amazingly varied even compared to 44 environments that are good for wildlife. Small gardens are more interesting 45they vary a great deal in botanical environment, All the wildlife responds to the variation.Ken Thompson of Sheffield University was involved n the first detailed study of the 46 living in British gardens when he and his colleagues surveyed 61 gardens in Sheffield. They really found a(n)47 diversity of plants and animals. They also identified a range of simple 48 that improved aenvironment for wildlife. The top thing is to grow more big trees as these greatly49 the garden’svolume of vegetation in the garden and a lot of 50 means a lot of places to live and a lot of things to eat. 51 , create a pond for insects and frogs. Think before stocking it with fish which will eat insect eggs.Also, it is not wise to light up the garden at night with bright lawn lamps, which will 52 many night53 to clear up everything when the garden stops flowering. creatures, Finally, don’t be too tidy: don’t beJust 54 a bit of things lying around.To sum up, people who want to turn their gardens into wildlife refuges should 55 and let thegrass grow tall, the flowers turn to seed and trees expand skyward.41．A．true B．basic C．vivid D．simple42．A．selecting B．importing C．offering D．attracting43．A．impossible B．illegal C．lucky D．convenient44．A．peaceful B．warm C．natural D．clean45．A．before B．unless C．but D．because46．A．wildlife B．men C．germ D．pet47．A．confusing B．complete C．surprising D．orderly48．A．measures B．standards C．services D．functions49．A．occupy B．increase C．limit D．reduce50．A．vegetation B．reservation C．preparation D．decoration51．A．By contrast B．As a result C．In other words D．In addition52．A．block B．disturb C．benefit D．protect53．A．in a mess B．in a way C．in a hurry D．in a while54．A．forget B．remove C．avoid D．leave55．A．escape B．relax C．strive D．retireSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, Cand D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage youhave just read.(A)Stonehenge（巨石阵）may have been a prehistoric health center rather than a site for observing starsor a temple in honor of the dead, scientists said yesterday. New evidence unearthed at the World HeritageSite in more than 40 years suggests that the monument was a place where the diseased and injured went in groups, seeking cures.After a two-week dig, scientists have concluded that Stonehenge was “the ancient healthcar---the smaller columns of dolerite（辉绿岩）of southern England”　because of the existence of “bluestones”that formed an earlier stone structure.By dating pieces of remains to around 7330BC, Tim Darvill, of Bournemouth University, and Goff Wainwright, of the Society of Amtiquaries have found that hunter-gatherers were at the site on SalisburyPlain 4,000 years earlier than thought. The first stage of Stonehenge, a round earthwork structure, wasbuilt around 3000BC. Professor Wainwright added: “I d id not expect the degree of complexity we discovered. We’re able to say so much more about when Stonehenge was built and why---all of which changes our previous understanding of the monument.”Hundreds of bluestone chips The research reveals the importance of the henge’s famous bluestones.gathered at the site have led the team to conclude that the bluestones were valued for their curing effects---the key reason that about 80 of them, each weighing up to 4 tons and a half, were dragged more than 150miles from the Preseli Hills to Wiltshire. After years of research, Professors Darvill and Wainwright haveconcluded that, for thousands of years, the Preseli mountain range was home to magical health centers andholy wells.Even today there are those who believe in the curing powers of the springs for coughs and heart disease, and people who use crystals and bluestones for self-curing. Radiocarbon tests have also revealedthat the construction of the original bluestone circle took place around 2300BC, three centuries later than---a sick traveler from the originally thought. Interestingly, on the same day died the “Amesbury Archer”Swiss or German Alps who had an infected knee---whose remains were discovered about five miles from Stonehenge. The professors believe that he was a devoted religious person who was hoping to benefit fromthe curing powers of the monument.56.Stonehenge is recently believed to be a place for people .A.to recover from poor healthB.to observe star movementsC.to hold religious ceremoniesD.to gather huge bluestones57.What can be inferred about Stonehenge from the passage?A．The springs could cure coughs and heart disease best.B.The new discovery was the same as what had been expected.C.Some huge bluestones were not produced at Stonehenge.D.The original bluestone circle was thought to be constructed around 2000BC.58.The sick traveler in the passage is supposed to be .A．a devoted religious person from StonehengeB．one of the earliest discoverers of StonehengeC．the first explorer to test the magical power of bluestones D．a patient trying to cure his infection at Stonehenge 59．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A．Stonehenge: A New Place of InterestB．Stonehenge: Still Making NewsC．Stonehenge: Heaven for AdventurersD．Stonehenge: Still Curing Patients(B)DONALD SLOANGates Hall University of Kansas Lawrence, KS 66045 913-243-1682After May 2009:46 Clayton Drive St. Louis, MO 63130314-726-8840Objective To work with the client (委托人) population in a social service position. Education B.A., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 2009Major: Social ServicesMinor: Applied PsychologyExperience Assistant Activities Supervisor, Fairview Nursing Home, Lawrence, KS, November 2006-present. Help organize and implement recreational activitiesfor nursing home residents. Activities include crafts, dances, day trips, sing-alongs, and visiting performers.Hotline Volunteer. Teen Crisis Center, Lawrence, KS, September 2006- May2007. Handled crisis calls from teenagers in the community. Dealt with druguse, unwanted pregnancies, failing grades, and the breakdown of parent-teenrelationships.Nurse’s Aide, Danyers General Hospital, St. Louis, MO, Summer 2006.Assisted nurses in patient care. Took histories, updated charts, and helpedprepare patients for surgery.Activities University Concert Board. Work with other board members to plan andimplement on-campus concerts.Senior Gift Campaign. Help manage the campaign to raise funds for thesenior class gift to the university.Residence Hall Programming Board. Planned social events for EggarResidence Hall.Skills Fluent in French. Water safety instructor. Skilled at working with people. Interests Skiing, softball, classical music, and guitar.60.This passage is most probably .A.an advertisement for enrolling new employeesB.a school report at the end of an academic yearC.a self-introduction meant to apply for a jobD.a part of a recommendation letter from a university61.According to the “Experience” section, we can infer that Donald Sloan can be .A.a wise leaderB.a skillful performerC.a gifted scientistD.a good social worker62.From the passage we can learn that Donald Sloan .A.is good at singing and dancingB.is about to graduate from a universityC.has an interest in being a surgeonD.specializes in psychology(C)Frederic Mishkin, who's been a professor at Columbia Business School for almost 30 years, is goodat solving problems and expressing ideas. Whether he's standing in front of a lecture hall or engaged in a casual conversation, his hands are always waving and pointing. When he was in graduate school, one ofhis professors was so annoyed by this constant gesturing that he made the young economist sit on his hands whenever he visited the professor's office.It turns out, however, that Mishkin's professor had it exactly wrong. Gesture doesn't prevent but promotes clear thought and speech. Research demonstrates that the movements we make with our hands when we talk form a kind of second language, adding information that's absent from our words. It's learning's secret code: Gesture reveals what we know. It reveals what we don't know. What's more, the agreement (or lack of agreement) between what our voices say and how our hands move offers a clue toour readiness to learn.Many of the studies establishing the importance of gesture to learning have been conducted by Susan Goldin-Meadow, a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago. "We change our minds by moving our hands," writes Goldin-Meadow in a review of this work. Particularly significant are what shecalls "mismatches" between oral expression and physical gestures. A student might say that a heavier ball falls faster than a light one, for example, but make a gesture indicating that they fall at the same rate, which is correct. Such differences indicate that we're moving from one level of understanding to another.The thoughts expressed by hand motions are often our newest and most advanced ideas about the problem we're working on; we can't yet absorb these concepts into language, but we can capture them in movement.Goldin-Meadow's more recent work strews not only that gesture shows our readiness to learn, but that it actually helps to bring learning about. It does so in two ways. First, it elicits (引出) helpful behavior from others around us. Goldin-Meadow has found that adults respond to children's speech-gesture mismatches by adjusting their way of instruction. Parents and teachers apparently receive the signal that children are ready to learn, and they act on it by offering a greater variety of problem-solving techniques.The act of gesturing itself also seems to quicken learning, bringing new knowledge into consciousness and aiding the understanding of new concepts. A 2007 study by Susan Wagner Cook, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Iowa, reported that third-graders who were asked to gesture while learning algebra (代数) were nearly three times more likely to remember what they'd learned than classmates who did not gesture.63.According to Paragraph 1, Frederic Mishkin was asked to sit on his hands because .A.he could litter express his ideas that wayB.he always pointed his finger at his professorA.What you're born with isn't what you're stuck with.B.Where the difference was observed was in connectivity.C.Another more complicated mnemonic technique is called a mind palace.D.Training in method of loci can physically change the way a person remembers.E.Eating and sleeping right will lead to optimal brain function, the flow-on effect of which is a bettermemory.F.The improved memory observed after mnemonic training persists for as long as 4 months aftertraining concludes.C.his professor did not like his gesturingD.his gestures prevented his professor from thinking64.How is gesturing important in acquiring knowledge?A.It draws tasteful responses from others and increases learning speed.B.It promotes second language learning and quickens thinking.C.It provides significant clues for solving academic problems.D.It reduces students' reliance on teachers' instruction.65.What can be inferred from the passage about gesture-speech mismatches?A.They can stimulate our creativity.B.Instructors should make full use of them.C.Teachers can hardly explain new concepts without them.D.They serve as a stepping stone to solving real life problems.66.What could be the best title of the passage?A.Hand Motions, a Second LanguageB.Gesturing: Signal of UnderstandingC.New Uses of GesturingD.The Secret Code of LearningSection CDirections: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable statement from A-F for each blank. There are two extra statements, which you do not need.Life would be a lot sweeter if you were a memory athlete. Most of us however, are not wired that way.But don't be discouraged: thanks to neuroplasticity, anyone can transcend their fallible memory.67There are a few relatively simple things a person can do to help improve their memory function. Firstup, the basics: the foundation of good memory is good health. 68Then there are more deliberate approaches like practicing mnemonics. A mnemonic device is a trickdesigned to make remembering things easier. So instead of remembering to buy eggs, rice, apples and dog food, it might be easier to think of READ, which stands for rice, eggs, apples, and dog food. This is theacrostic method.69 Let's use the same shopping list as an example. Instead of focusing on the wordthis technique works by focusing on the image of rice thrown on the ground in a yard. For eggs, picture ahen pecking at the rice, followed by a nearby tree of apple blossoms, the petals falling around the hen,falling on a sleeping dog. Once the interconnected scene is createdit ’ｓ a simple visual to ease your wayaround the halls of the grocery store with no list needed. This technique, where you base a memory aroundvisual images, is more formally called 'method of loci'.A recent study published in Neuron has unearthed some interesting insights about the brains of competitive memorizers. The researchers invited 23 of the world's top 50 memory athletes to have theirbrains scanned in rest states, and while performing memory tests, and matched each champion to a control participant. Anatomically, the scans showed there was no difference in brain structure or region size between the groups. 70 And what's more, after they gave the 'naive' control group training inthe method of loci, their neural connectivity began to look more like that of the pros.IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main ideaof the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.e-learning: Hazy past—better future?learning? A significant one, it seems, How much of an effect does technology have on students’　according to experts. Currently available technologies, the most important of which are computers and theInternet, apparently provide a learning environment in which problem-solving and intellectual enquiry canflourish. The process of learning in the classroom may become significantly more effective as students candeal with information on the comput er. Or so the theory goes. My own viewpoint is rather different, Iafraid.Computers have been around for two decades as part of school equipment. There are, of course,because schools have done obstacles like costs to overcome, but it’s just a matter of time and effort. This iswhat every organisation does when it sees an innovation—it applies the innovation to its existing model,which adds cost but doesn’t transform the standard classroom. We have, during that period, spent over $60 billion on them, but in my view they seem to have had little or no effect on learning in schools. Content isking and the mode of delivery is irrelevant. If a teacher makes the subject matter interesting, it does notmatter what, if any, equipment is used.However, change is on the horizon. I think student-centred learning will become the norm and transform education. Computers will pave the way for far more independent learning. Students whoy can study from home currently don’t have access to schools or teachers are now able to get online. Thethanks to the fact that more learning programmes are being written for learners who are forced by their circumstances to be self-sufficient. This would prove especially beneficial in those areas of the worldwhere quality education is limited or extremely expensive. Therefore, in a few years’ time we c completely different conversation about technology and its impact on learning.2018 届高考模拟考试英语试卷第11页第II 卷I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given inthe brackets.1.他一下火车就和我们取得了联系。