Unit 1 The Power of Language
00015新版英语(二)教材课文精讲及课后题目解答(Unit1)
00015新版英语（二）教材课文精讲及课后题目解答第一单元Unit 1：the power of language (语言的力量)英语（二）共12个单元，每个单元由3部分构成：Text A， Text B以及学好英语的小技巧介绍。
另外，每4个单元学完后会有一套单元模拟测试题。
课程的具体安排如下：每个单元的AB篇文章以及其中的重要单词、短语都会做精讲，课后练习题挑选出对大家难度较大的进行讲解，最后一部分的英语学习技巧会适当介绍。
另外，有同学会问：是否需要同时学习英语（一）呢？我的答案是这样的：两套教材所配的各24篇短文，各具特点，在学习过程中就是需要培养阅读技能，与此同时要多积累单词，而且在考试中彼此没有关系，但惟独一点，即，英语二教材中没有单独安排英语语法内容的学习，而对于基础较弱的同学而言，可能需要看一看英语一的相关语法知识，以便更好地理解短文！今天学习第一单元的Text A：Critical Reading本文的中心就是：积极地阅读就是批判性阅读！6行黑体字代表文章的6个部分：1.考虑所写文章的背景；2.质疑作者提出的断言；3.关于某个题材的作品要和其它的作品进行对比；4.分析作者提出的假设；5.评估作者使用的资料的来源；6.找出作者有可能持有的任何偏见领读课文和单词。
一：本课重点词汇讲解，学习1.critical: adj 有判断力的；同根词有：critic: n 评论家；critically: adv 批评地，挑剔地2.statement: n 说法，立场；同根词有：state: v 陈述如：1). We were not surprised by their statement that the train services would be reduced.2). Clearly state your address and telephone number.3.evaluate: v 评估、评价；同根词有：evaluation: n4.assertion: n 断言；动词形式：assert5.sufficient: adj 足够的，充足的（= enough), 同根词有：sufficiency: ninsufficient: adj 不充足的。
Unit1（ThePowerofLanguage）
Unit1（ThePowerofLanguage）名⼈名⾔：Language is the dress of thought . ------ 语⾔是思维的外⾐——Samuel Johnson --塞缪尔·约翰逊Speaking Activity(⼝语活动):Making Suggestions(提出建议)Read the following conversation. Pay attention to how the speakers make suggestions.Steve: Hi,Jenny,would you like to do something with me this weekend?Jenny: Sure. What shall we do?Steve: I don't know. Do you have any ideas?Jenny: Why don't we see a film ?Steve: That sounds good to me. Which film shall we see?Jenny: Let's see Action Man 4.Steve: I'd rather not . I don't like violent films(暴⼒电影).How about going to Mad Doctor Brown ? I hear it's quite a funny film.Jenny: OK. Let's go see that . When is it on?Steve: It's at 8 o'clock at the Rex. Shall we have a bite to eat before the film?Jenny: Sure, that sounds great. What about going to that new Italian restaurant Michetti's?(那意⼤利餐厅Michetti呢？)Steve : Great Idea! Let's meet there at six.Jenny: OK. I'll see you at Michett's at six .Bye.Steve: Bye.P116NotesThe subconscious mind contains thoughts and feelings that a person is not currently aware of , but which can easily be brought to consciousness.It exists just below the level of conscousness before the unconscious mind.(潜意识包含⼀个⼈⽬前不知道的想法和感觉，但是很容易被带到意识中。
自考英语二（新版）原文Unit1ThePowerofLanguage
⾃考英语⼆（新版）原⽂Unit1ThePowerofLanguageUnit 1 The Power of Language学习⽅法指南五个⽅⾯把握⽂章1）词2）句3）篇4）义5）背诵或复述重点段落（当天重复，第⼆天再重复，七天后再重复）课后习题1）结合课⽂⾥出现的要点，完成题⽬2）标记不熟练的题⽬，当天重复⼀遍，第⼆天再重复⼀遍，考前再重复⼀遍Unit 1 The Power of LanguageA FAMOUS QUOTELanguage is the dress of thought.--Samuel Johnson语⾔是思维的外⾐。
--塞缪尔·约翰逊Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)，British man of letters, one of the most outstanding figures of the 18th century in England. He made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer. Johnson has been described as "arguably the most distinguished man of letters in English history"Text A Critical ReadingPre-reading questions 读前问题：1. Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading?通常情况下，你是否会反对作者提出的观点？你认为什么是积极阅读？2. What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically?你希望作者就批判性阅读提出什么样的建议呢？Vocabulary 词汇四点要求 1.⾳ 2.义 3.衍⽣变化 4.⽤法/搭配New Wordscritical adj. 有判断⼒的；判断公正（或审慎的）；批判的non-fiction n.纪实⽂学position n. 观点；态度；⽴场statement n.说明；说法；表态question v.表⽰疑问；怀疑evaluate vt.估计；评价，评估context n. （事情发⽣的）背景，环境，来龙去脉value n.是⾮标准；价值观represent v.描述；表现assertion n.明确肯定；断⾔sufficient adj.⾜够的；充⾜的statistic n.统计数字；统计资料integrate v.（使）合并，成为⼀体authority n. 专家；学术权威；泰⽃compare v.⽐较；对⽐subject n.主题；题⽬；题材consistent adj. 相符的；符合的（consistency）inconsistency n.不⼀致assumption n.假定；假设case n. 具体情况；事例directly adv. 直接地；径直地identify v. 找到；发现valid adj. 符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的credible adj. 可信的；可靠的landmark n.（标志重要阶段的）⾥程碑；地标relevant adj.紧密相关的；切题的current adj. 现时发⽣的；当前的appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的bias n.偏见；偏⼼；偏向considerably adv. ⾮常；很；相当多地Democrat n.（美国）民主党党员，民主党⽀持者Republican n.（美国）共和党党员，共和党⽀持者reflect v.显⽰；表明；表达informed adj.有学问的；有见识的Phrases and Expressionsapply to使⽤；适⽤于put forth 提出；产⽣take sth into account 考虑；顾及accept/take sth at face value 相信表⾯；信以为真with a grain of salt 有保留地；持怀疑态度地重点词汇critical adj. 有判断⼒的；判断公正（或审慎的）eg: Try to develop a more critical attitude, instead of accepting everything at face value. 要学会对⼀切事物⼀丝不苟, ⽽不要注重表⾯现象.其他⽤法：危机中的；危急时刻的；决定性的；关键的eg: We are at a critical time in our history.我们正处于历史的紧要关头。
自考英语二Unit 1 The Power of Language
• invaluable=priceless
• valueless
• 9. represent v. 描述；表现 representative adj./n. • 10. assertion n. 明确肯定；断言 • 11. sufficient adj. 足够的；充足的 • Sufficiency insufficient • 12. statistic n. statistics [pl.]统计数字；统计资料 • 13. integrate v.（使）合并，成为一体 • 14. authority n.专家；学术权威；泰斗 • an/the authority on sth. • authorize • 15. compare v. 比较；对比 • compare A with B • compare A to B
部分
名称
I
阅读判断
II
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
阅读选择
III
概括段落大意和补全句 子
IV
填句补文
V
填词补文
VI
完型补文
题号 1-10 11-15 16-25 26-30 31-40 41-50
VII
短文写作
题量 10 5 10 5 10 10
1
分值 10 10 10 10 15 15
30
New Words & Expressions
• irrelevant • 27. current adj. 现时发生的；当前的 • 28. appropriate adj. 合适的；恰当的
• inappropriate
• It's (not) appropriate that ….
个人整理Unit 1 The Power of Language 语言的力量+翻译
Unit 1 The Power of LanguageA Famous QuoteLanguage is the dress of thought.------Samuel JohnsonSamuel Johnson (1709-1784), British man of letters, one of the mostoutstanding figures of the 18th century in England. He made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer. Johnson has been describe d as “arguably the most distinguished man of letters in English history.”Text A Critical Reading 批判性阅读Pre-reading Questions1. Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading?2. What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically?1.你经常挑战作者代表的想法吗？你认为积极的阅读是什么？2.你认为作者会对阅读的建议有什么建议？Critica l(有判断力的) reading applies to（适用于） non-fiction writing in which the author putsforth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating（v. 估计） what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.批判性阅读适用于非小说类读物，在这类读物中作者会提出一种观点或试图表明一种态度。
自考汉语言本科：00015英语二讲义第1章(Unit 1 The Power of Language ) 0105
II. Text LearningThe Language of Confidence1 The language we use programs our brains. Mastering our language gives us agreat degree of mastery over our lives and our destinies. It is important to usethe language in the best way possible in order to dramatically improve ourquality of life.2 Even the smallest of words can have the deepest effect on our subconsciousmind, which is like a child, and it doesn't really understand the differencebetween what really happens and what you imagine. (1)It is eager to please andwilling to carry out any commands that you give it - whether you do thisknowingly or not is entirely up to you."Try"3 It is a small word yet it has an amazing impact upon us. If someone says,"I'll try to do that" you know that they are not going to beputting their wholeheart into it, and may not even do it at all. (2)How often do you use the wordtry when talking about the things that matter to you? Do you say "I'll try to bemore confident" or "I'll try to do that" or "I'll try to call"?4 Think about something that you would like to achieve, and say it to yourselfin two different ways. Firstly say, "I'll try to …" and notice how you feel.Next say, "I will do …" and see how you feel.5 (3)The latter makes you feel better than the first one, doesn't it? It givesyou a sense of determination, a feeling that it will be done. Listen to thepeople around you and when they say they will try notice if it gets done or not.Eliminate the word try from your dictionary and see how your life improves.（承上句）本部分重点及难点：显示重难点解析1. It is eager to please and willing to carry out any commandsthat you give it- whether you do this knowingly or not is entirely up to you.它渴望取悦，乐意听从你给它的任何命令，而你是有意还是无意地做这些完全取决于你。
英语(二)自学教程Unit-1-Text-B-课文翻译详细解析
Eliminatethe word try from yourdictionaryand see how your life improves.
从你的字典里删除尝试这个词，看看你的生活是如何改善的。
“Can’t”
“不能”
This is another small word with a big impact. Itdisempowersus, makes us feel weak and helpless, and damages ourself-esteem.
即使是最小的单词也能对我们的潜意识产生最深的影响，这个潜意识就像一个孩子，我们不真的理解真正发生的事情和你想象的事情之间的区别.
Unit 1 The power of language
Itis eager toplease and willing tocarry outanycommandsthat you give it – whether you do thisknowinglyor not is entirelyup to you.
你相信语言会影响人们的思想吗？请给出一些例子。
Unit 1 The power of language
The Language ofConfidence
自信的语言
The language we useprogramsour brains.
我们使用的语言能够锻炼我们的大脑。
Masteringour language gives us a great degree ofmasteryover our lives and ourdestinies.
如果有人说，“我会试着那样做”，你就知道他们不会全身心投入，甚至可能根本不会这样做。
自考英语二(00015)Unit1-TextB 课文
command v. 命令，指挥；控制 n. 指挥，控制；司令部 commander 指挥官；司令官 commandment 戒律；法令 commandant 司令官，指挥官；军事学校的校长 eg. 他命令士兵们把大门关上。 He commanded the soldiers to shut the gate. knowingly adv. 故意地；机警地，狡黠地 近义词：intentionally knowing adj. 博学的；狡猾的；心照不宣的 n. 认知 eg. 我们不知道政府有没有故意或蓄意地掩盖事实。 We did not know that whether the government knowingly or consciously choose to cover the truth.
1. a great degree of 很大程度上的 eg. All these are valid reasons for a very great degree of freedom. 所有这些都是要求高度自由的合理原因。 2. mastery n. 掌握，掌控 eg.Science offers us total mastery over environment and over our destiny. 科学给了我们对环境自身命运很大的掌控权。 He doesn’t have mastery of the basic rules of grammar. 他没有掌握语法的基本规则。
00015自考英语(二)教材课后练习题完整版(含答案)
00015自考英语(二)教材课后练习题完整版（含答案）Unit 1 The Power of Language Text A Critical Reading ExercisesI Checking Your Comprehension1.Reading non-fiction writing critically involves_______. A.supporting the author’s opinion B.developing your own opinions C.understanding what is written D.reading without any imagination2.Before accepting what is written in an article,you should be surethat______. A.enough support for the assertions has been given B.your values and attitudes have been reflected in it C.it has been checked form an authoritative source D.you have found the differences in the writing styles3.If there are some inconsistent points in the article,you should______.A.insist on your own opinion an confirm itB.avoid mentioning the inconsistenciesC.emphasize the work of authoritiesD.examine the author’s supportive statements4.Einstein is a relevant source when the article is about______.A.physical breakthroughsB.the subject of poetryC.studies in current physicsD.credible writing sources5.The author what is written clearly A.remember what is written clearlyB.eliminate your own discriminationC.have much more knowledgeD.spend more time in reading II.Building Your Vocabulary Section ADirections:Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets.1.These results are______with the findings of the previousstudy.(consistent,consistency)2.We were not surprised by their______that the train services would be reduced.(state,statement)3.The statistics______a change in people’s spending habits.(reflect,reflection)4.I’m afraid your driving license is______in Eastern Europe.(valid,invalid)5.Twenty-five dollars was______more than be ha expected topay.(considerable,considerably) 6.Direct______between the two languages is not possible.(compare,comparison) Section BDirections:Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary. assumption critical represent credible landmark evaluate identify appropriate1.In my opinion,there was no______evidence against him.2.Evan the smallest baby can______its mother by her voice.3.People tend to make______about you based on your appearance.4.This new report______the current situation in our schools.5.The performance of each employee is______once a year.6.We need to ensure that the teaching they receive is______to their needs. Section CDirections:Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.1.That bit of the form is for UK citizens--it doesn’t apply______you.2.Arguments were put______for changing some of the rules of the game.3.When judgin g his performance,don’t take his age______account.4.He’s universally recognized as an authority______Russian affairs.5.Just compare the one that has been cleaned______the others.cation should be relevant______the child’s needs. III.Bridging the GapDirections:Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage.You may choose a suitable one from the list given.powerful define action tears express shape internally respond to personal goodLanguage is one of the things that sets us apart as beings,one of the things that essentially ______us as humans.When language is used well it can elicit very deep feeling in others,motivate others to _______and define the nature of our relationship.Sometimes in poetry the juxtaposition(并列)of two words or a certain phrase can bring______to the eyes,call up a whole host of imagery and move us deeply.We have seen language recently used in the politics of persuasion,used for______or ill--depending on your viewpoint.When we use language to_______our true feelings to someone it can open and deepen the connection between nguage is a very______tool.How we use language shapes our world both______and externally.How you use self-talk--what you say to yourself about yourself an about the world directly______your experience of both yourself and the world.How you deliver communication shapes the way the world______you.We can use language more effectively in both spheres:internaland directly influence the health an power of our______relationships and our business relationships. IV.Translation Section ADirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words or phrases in the brackets.1.Urban planners in practice haveto_______________________________________________(考虑到不同社会群体的利益).(take...into account)2._________________________________________(把近期工作与先前的工作相比较)and you Will see how much you have improved.(compare...with...)3.What the witness said incourt___________________________________________(与他对警察的陈述不一致).（be consistent with）4.What he said_________________________________________(与正在处理的事件无关).(be relevant to)5.________________________________________(你的情况有任何改变，请告知我们)whenyou are away from home.(inform...of...) Section BDirections:Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.To become a flexible reader,you need to know how to select and use a reading style that is consistent with your purpose for reading.Knowing when and how to use different reading styles will make you a flexible reader.Study reading is the reading style used by flexible readers when their purpose is to read difficult material at a high level of comprehension.When using the study reading style,you should read at rate that is slower than your normal reading rate.Furthermore,as you read you must challenge yourself to understand the material.Study reading will often require you to read you to read material more than once to achieve a high level of comprehension.Sometimes,reading the material aloud will also help you improve your comprehension.anizing Your IdeasDirections:Put the following sentences in the proper order so that they make a complete paragraph.1.For instance,the word”kick”can mean many different things depending on how it is used in a phrase.2.Learning how phrases come together in English will come with continued submersion in the language.3.On the other hand,you could say,”I get a kick out of that TV show.”4.This means that you enjoy the TV show,and has nothing to do withstriking something with a foot.5.As you learn the language,focus not only on the words an their meanings,but also on the way the words come together to make phrases.6.When you say,”He kicked the ball,”you are using the word a s a verbthat means to strike the ball with the foot.VI.Reflecting on the TextSome people argue that the purpose of reading is to seek information and gain knowledge by memorizing the statements within a text. It is not necessary to develop the ability to read critically,since this ability is assumed to be present only in scholars and to be learned in academic institutions.Do you agree or disagree with this opinion?Give reasons and examples to support yourself.Text BThe Language of Confidence ExercisesI.Checking Your Comprehension Section ADirections:Read the following statements and mark Y (for Yes)if the statement agrees with the information given in the text;N(for No)if the statement contradicts the information given in the text;NG(for Not Given)if the information is not given in the text.( )ing our language in the best way is significant for the improvement of our life. ( )2.We can knowingly make our command carried out without using a word.( )3.If we use the word try,we may not make efforts to achieve the things that we want to do.( )4.We can improve our life by saying the word try in our daily life. ( )5.We can use a word that makes us feel great to help us feel powerful.( )6.Though some words may seem small,they can help us do everything we want. Section BDirections:Complete the following sentences with the information given in the text. 1.______helps us be in control of our lives and destinies. 2.Any words can h ave a dramatic influence on______. 3.When we say”I will do...”,we will get a sense of______. ing words like”I choose...”can help usregain______. 5.Mastering our language helps us get the power to______. 6.We can write______next to a list of words we usually use. II.Building Your Vocabulary Section ADirections:Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets.1.I can say with______that all our targets have now beenmet.(confident,confidence) 2.Like so many______people he was neversatisfied.(creative,creativity)3.A move towards healthy eating could help______heartdisease.(eliminate,elimination) 4.You life changes______when you have a baby.(dramatic,dramatically)5.The annual strategic dialogue between China an America is very______for the relationship between the two countries.(significant,insignificant)6.Having so little money to spend on an apartment does______you in your choice.(limit,limitation) Section BDirections:Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary. command quality infinite commonly matter internal please impact1.The children______more to her than anything else in the world.2.Lung cancer is the most______found cancer in men.3.It______her mother that she chose a college close to home.4.The city offers a/an ______variety of things to do.5.He hated being in the army because he had to obey______.6.The ______of the picture on our television isn’t very good. Section CDirections:Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.1.Police say that they believe the attacks were carried______by nationalists.2.It’s______to all of us to try to solve the problems in our neighbourhoods.3.The anti-smoking campaign had made quite an impact______young people.4.I’ve been asked to limit my speech______ten minutes maximum.5.Dr Marion is the person______control of all medical decisions in the hospital6.He struggled for mastery______his emotions but failed.III.Translation Sections ADirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words or phrases in thebrackets.1.They expect the meeting to__________________________________________(对国家的未来产生的显著的影响).(have an impact on)2.I kno w you don’t think that this project isimportant,__________________________________（但这对我很重要）.(matter)3.There were some violence after thematch,________________________________________(但是没过多久警方主控制住了局势).(in control of)4.I’m afraid____________________________________________(除了让你走，我别无选择).(no alternative but)5.__________________________________________________(经理会作最终决定)！（be up to） Section BDirections:Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.English plays an important role in the workplace and when used in the correct and appropriate manner,it can help boost a career or a business.Some may need or want to study business English before they start theircareers.Those who are already working have the opportunity to see what they can and cannot do effectively in English in their current job.A valuable skill to have in business is how to negotiate.You need to know what you want,as well as how to bargain an make concessions.Being able to deal with a conflict and knowing how to end negotiations can make a big difference to the outcome.Workplace English learning will encourage professional and efficient communication,which translates as good service to customers an business partners or suppliers,which can only be a positive for any business.IV.Writing Section ADirections:The following sentences are grammatically incorrect or incoherent.Improve them. Example:The captain,as well as the other players,was tired. Revision:The captain,as well as the other players,was tired. 1.When dipped in mustard,Sam said the sausage was excellent. 2.A Frenchman murdered two wives he didn’t like their cooking. 3.Annie’s dress was old,faded,an it had wrinkles.4.The need for jobs will make us develop our industries.It causes environmental problems.5.My new running shoes fell apart during the marathon which cost more thana hundred dollars. Section BDirections:Read the following paragraph carefully.Cross out two sentences that do not help to develop the controlling idea.Philip Randolph,the great African-American champion of Iabour and civil rights,led confrontations with three very popular presidents.Mr.Randolph called for a march on Washington by thousands of African-Americans on July1,1941,if President Roosevelt would not take action to end discrimination in defense industries during World War II.Mr.Randolph was born in Florida.After much delay,the president met with Randolph,and one week later opened many defense jobs to black workers,A few years later,in 1948,Mr.Randolph threatened mass civil disobedience of president Truman did not end segregation against African-Americans in the military.On July 26,Truman approved the order that integrated the armed services.The last confrontation was with JohnF,Kennedy,who sought to stop the 1963 civil rights march on感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
(完整版)英语二自学教程答案【2012年版课后习题答案】
Unit l The Power of Language参考译文对话范例请朗读下面的对话，注意说话者提出建议的方式。
史蒂夫：嗨，珍妮，想不想这周末一起做点什么？珍妮：当然了。
做什么呢？史蒂夫：不知道。
你有什么想法吗？珍妮：看电影怎么样？史蒂夫：好主意。
看什么电影呢？珍妮：那就看《机动部队4》吧。
史蒂夫：我不想看那部电影，我不喜欢看充满暴力的影片。
《疯狂的布朗医生》怎么样？听说很有趣。
珍妮：好的。
就看这部吧！几点开始？史蒂夫：8点在瑞克斯影院。
看电影之前我们吃点东西怎么样？珍妮：当然了，好主意。
去新开的意大利餐馆梅开缇吧。
史蒂夫：太好了1 6点钟在那不见不散。
珍妮：好的。
6点钟梅开缇见。
再见。
史蒂夫：再见。
指导实践要求：给你的朋友提一些建议，告诉他们什么地方适合度假。
利用你自己的信息，也可以运用下面的提示。
你想去……吗？我们去……好吗？我们去……吧。
我们为什么不去……呀？去……怎么样？好主意。
谢谢你，给了我那么多好的建议。
TextA读前问题：1．通常情况下，你是否会反对作者提出的观点？你认为什么是积极阅读？2．你希望作者就批判性阅读提出什么样的建议呢？批判性阅读批判性阅读适用于非小说类文学写作，作者要么提出观点，要么陈述事实。
批判性阅读就是积极阅读，不仅仅要解决作者所说的话，还要对其提出质疑，进行评价，进而形成自己的独特的观点。
要想成为批判性读者，就要做到以下几点：考虑写作的语境。
你所阅读的文章，其作者的文化背景也许与你截然不同，抑或文章是以前写的，与你所处的时代也完全不同。
无论哪种情况，你都必须意识到你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度是不同的，要充分考虑这些差异。
质疑作者提出的观点。
不要按照字面意思来理解文章的内容，在此之前，一定要搞清楚作者是否提供了足够的证据，证明他的观点是正确的。
查找事实、例证和统计数据，还要看看作者是否结合了各学术权威的著作。
对比该文章与相关话题的其他文章。
看一下文章是否与别人写的相关话题的文章一致，如果有不一致之处，就要仔细评价作者所提供的证据。
自考英语英语(二) 课后题答案
Unit 1 The Power of LanguageText A Critial ReadingExercises1,Checking Your prehension.1,B 2,A 3,D 4,A 5,C2, Building Your Vocabulary.1,consistent (be consistent with...与...相符）2,statement3, reflect4,invalid5,considerably6,parisonSection B1, credible 2, identify 3, assumption4, represents 5, evaluated 6, appropriateSection C1, to 2, forth 3, into 4, on 5, with 6, to3, Bridging the Gap1, defines 2, action 3,tears 4, good5, express 6, powerful 7, internally8, shapes 9, responds to 10, personal4,Translation1, take interests of different social groups into accuount.2, pare the recent work with the previous one3, was not consistent with statement to the police4, was not relevant to the affair5, Please inform us of any change in your caseSection B为了成为一名灵活的读者，你需要知道怎样选择和使用阅读方式，来与你的阅读目的相一致。
懂得何时以及怎样选用不同的阅读方式会使你成为一个灵活的读者。
自考英语(二)Unit 1 The Power of Language
eg: criticize poetry 评论诗歌
criticism n. 批评 critic: n. 评论家
Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader. 阅读纪实文学适合用批评性的阅读方法，因为在非文学类作 品里，作者常常会提出某种观点或是寻找作者的态度。批评 性的阅读方法是一种主动性很强的阅读方法。它涉及到的不 仅仅是理解作者所说的话。批评性的阅读方法还涉及到质疑 和评估作者所说的话，涉及到作者所说的话要形成你自己的 观点。如果你想要成为一名有批评性思维的读者，在这里我 列出一些你应该做到的。
The student applied to the embassy for a visa.
apply的派生词：
application, n. 应用；申请；应用程序
新版自考英语二00015教师教案_unit_1_The_Power_of_Language
教案授课主要内容说明：教师备课笔记由学校自订式样并附后Unit 1 The Power of Language重点词语Text A1.critical 有判断力的，判断公正(或审慎)的A critical reader will notice many errors in this article.有判断力的读者将会注意到这篇文章里有很多错误。
He made a sound critical estimate of the problem.他对该问题作出了审慎可靠的估计。
2.statement n.说明;说法表态1 could not deny the truth of this statement.我不能否认这种说法的真实性。
Soon afterwards she made her first public statement about the affair. 此事的第一次公开表态。
3.evaluate v.估计;评价;评估The professor was asked to evaluate the current situation.人们请这位教授评估一下当前的形势。
The research project has only been under way for three months, so it, s too early to evaluate its success.这个研究项目进行了不过三个月，所以要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。
【近义词辨析】evaluate, estimate, assess, rate这儿个动词都有“评估，评价”之意。
evaluate指仔细考虑以作出评价，特别是有关好坏和用处的评价。
estimate通常指个人作出的主观估价。
assess原义指为确定交多少税而估计,指通过估价以便更好利用。
rate专指评定价值等级的高低。
4.represent v.描述;表现The film intended to represent the lives of ordinary people.这部影片意欲表现普通人的生活。
Unit 1 The Power of Language。
Unit 1 The Power of LanguageText A1. critical 有判断力的，判断公正(或审慎)的A critical reader will notice many errors in this article.有判断力的读者将会注意到这篇文章里有很多错误。
He made a sound critical estimate of the problem.他对该问题作出了审慎可靠的估计。
2. statement n.说明;说法表态I could not deny the truth of this statement.我不能否认这种说法的真实性。
Soon afterwards she made her first public statement about the affair. 此事的第一次公开表态。
3. evaluate v.估计;评价;评估The professor was asked to evaluate the current situation.人们请这位教授评估一下当前的形势。
The research project has only been under way for three months, so it, s too early to evaluate its success.这个研究项目进行了不过三个月，所以要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。
【近义词辨析】evaluate, estimate, assess, rate这儿个动词都有“评估，评价”之意。
evaluate指仔细考虑以作出评价，特别是有关好坏和用处的评价。
estimate通常指个人作出的主观估价。
assess原义指为确定交多少税而估计,指通过估价以便更好利用。
rate专指评定价值等级的高低。
4.represent v.描述;表现The film intended to represent the lives of ordinary people.这部影片意欲表现普通人的生活。
Unit1ThePowerofLanguage
criticism n. 批评
critic: n. 评论家
Text A
Critical Reading
批判性阅读
Pre-reading Questions
1.Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading?
I tend to take things at face value. 我总是看事情的表面。 You shouldn't take anything she says at
face value. 她的话你绝对不能只听表面意思。
Also, look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities.
Unit 1 The Power of Language
Critical
Critical Thinking Critical Reading Critical Writing
1.critical adj 有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎的）
其他用法： 危机中的；危急时刻的；决定性的；关键的
eg: We are at a critical time in our history.我们正处于历 史的紧要关头。
③先行名词+why=for which
eg: Do you know the reason why/for which he didn't come to the meeting yesterday morning？你知道他为什么没有参 加昨天早上会议的原因吗？
新版自考英语二00015教师教案_unit_1_The_Power_of_Language
教案教师姓名班级授课形式Lecturing 授课日期年月日第周授课时数3h 授课章节名称Unit 1 The Power of The Power of LanguageLanguage教学目的1.Grasp the main idea of Text A /B 2. Practice some new words and expressions 3.Master important language points and grammatical points. 教学重点1.Grasp the main idea of Text A/B 2. Practice some new words and expressions 3.Master important language points and grammatical points. 教学难点Understanding of Text A /B 更新、补充、删节内容Grammar: the use of adjectives. 使用教具Blackboard; Textbook 课外作业 1. Summary; 2. Exe in the textbook 课后体会授 课 主 要 内 容Step 1 Lead in Discuss the following questions in class. 1. Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading 2.What 2.What suggestions suggestions suggestions do do do you you you expect expect expect the the the author author author will will will give give give on on on reading reading critically Step 2: Text A Part 2. While--Reading Tasks 2.1. Read the new words and expressions 新单词和词组：新单词和词组：critical statement assertion Compare 2.2. Read the Text A and answer the following questions. Step 3 Important expressions analysis Text A 对课文进行细致地分析，包括难句和重要句型句式。
新版自考英语二00015教师教案 unit 1 The Power of Language
南京交通职业技术学院教案授课主要内容说明：教师备课笔记由学校自订式样并附后Unit 1 The Power of Language重点词语Text A1.critical 有判断力的，判断公正(或审慎)的A critical reader will notice many errors in this article.有判断力的读者将会注意到这篇文章里有很多错误。
He made a sound critical estimate of the problem.他对该问题作出了审慎可靠的估计。
2.statement n.说明;说法表态1 could not deny the truth of this statement.我不能否认这种说法的真实性。
Soon afterwards she made her first public statement about the affair. 此事的第一次公开表态。
3.evaluate v.估计;评价;评估The professor was asked to evaluate the current situation.人们请这位教授评估一下当前的形势。
The research project has only been under way for three months, so it, s too early to evaluate its success.这个研究项目进行了不过三个月，所以要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。
【近义词辨析】evaluate, estimate, assess, rate这儿个动词都有“评估，评价”之意。
evaluate指仔细考虑以作出评价，特别是有关好坏和用处的评价。
estimate通常指个人作出的主观估价。
assess原义指为确定交多少税而估计,指通过估价以便更好利用。
rate专指评定价值等级的高低。
4.represent v.描述;表现The film intended to represent the lives of ordinary people.这部影片意欲表现普通人的生活。
Unit 1 The Power of Language
Unit 1 The Power of Language阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项。
A measure declaring English the national language is under intense debate in the United States. The U. S. Senate passed two declarations last week. One calls English the nation's official language and the other says it is the “common and unifying tongue. But Americans found themselves divided on the issue.Since people worldwide know that most Americans speak only English, many can't understand why the issue is so controversial.“The discussion is related to fears of immigration issues, says Dick Tucker, a social scientist at Pittsburgh's Carnegie Mellon University. “It’s related to a worry about the changing demography of the U. S.It's a worry about who will continue to have political and economic influence.”In fact, the notion of protecting the language has been kicked around almost since the nation's founding. John Adams lobbied in 1780 for the creation of a national academy to correct and improve the English language. But his proposal died, since lawmakers saw it as a royalist attempt to define personal behavior.Since then, the country hasn't had a national language, but the idea of recognizing the special status of English lived on.The emotions surrounding language resurface not because people feel comfortable with English. It is more about the discomfort many Americans feel with the new languages, says Walt Wolfram, a professor at North Carolina State University.''Language is never about language," he says.According to the 2000 U. S. Census Bureau report, of 209 million Americans over 18 years old,172 million speak only English at home. About 37 million speak languages other than English. Among them, 6.5 million speak poor English and 3. 1 million don't speak English at all.1.What are the two declarations concerned with?A. The status of the English language.B. The protection of new languages.C. The rights to speak one s mother tongue.D. The improvement of the English language.2.Who suggested in the 18th century that English should be protected?A. Walt Wolfram.B. John Adams.C. Royalists.D. Dick Tucker.3.Which of the following is the current debate NOT related to?A. The immigration issues.B. The changing demography.C. The worry about the new languages.D. The U. S. 's military strength.4.Which statement is true according to the 2000 U. S. Census Bureau report?A. 172 million Americans speak only English in their workplaces.B. 37 million Americans speak English.C. 209 million Americans are above the age of 18.D. 6. 5 million Americans speak good English.5.The phrase ''kicked around" (paragraph 4) could be best replaced byA. invented.B. formed. ,C. shaped. "D. discussed. "Baekeland and Hartmann report that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions intheir daily routines.In general, these “short sleeps” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(疯人).The “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers.”Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.1. According to the report,______.A) many short sleepers need less sleep by natureB) many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their workC) long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the dayD) many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood2. Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that _____.A) sleep is a withdrawal from the realityB) sleep interferes with their sound judgmentC) sleep is the least expensive item on their routine programD) sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles3. It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers _____.A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of lifeB) often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleepC) do not know how to relax properlyD) are more unlikely to run into mental problems4. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____.A) appear disturbed B) become energetic C) feel dissatisfiedD) be extremely depressed5. Which of the following is Not included in the passage?A) If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakenedB) The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the sane as those shown by many mental patients C) Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleepD) Short sleepers would be better off with more restUpon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years), children are encouraged, but not forced, to “leave the nest” and begin an independent life. After children leave home the yoften find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marriages for their children, nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married, Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in the United States; young adults meet their future spouses (配偶) through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions, Although children choose their own spouses, they still hope their parents will approve of their choices.In many families, parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves.A parent may try to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career. Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to assert their independen ce. A son may deliberately decide not to go into his father’s business because of a fear that he will lose his autonomy in his father’s workplace. This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each other. Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family Coexisting with such love in the American family are cultural values of self – reliance and independence.1. The writer discusses the marriage of young adults in order to show which of the following?A) They enjoy the freedom of choosing their spouses.B) They want to win the permission of their parents.C) They have a strong desire to become independent.D) They want to challenge the authority of their parents.2. Most young adults in the U.S. get married for the sake of ____.A) loveB) financial concernC) their parentsD) family background3. Based on the passage, it can be assumed that ______.A) American young adults are likely to follow the suit of their parentsB) most American people never make major decisions for their childrenC) American young adults possess cultural values of independenceD) once a young person steps into his twenties, he will leave his home permanently4. A son is unwilling to work in his father’s business mainly because _____.A) he wishes to make full use of what he has learnt in schoolB) he wants to prove his independenceC) he wishes to do the opposite of what his parents approve ofD) he wants to show his love for his parents5. The subject matter of this selection is _____.A) family valuesB) marriage arrangementsC) the pursuit of a careerD) decision making2.填词补文下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
(完整版)自考英语二Unit 1 The Power of Language 翻译
Unit 1 The Power of LanguageText A Critical Reading批判性地阅读（翻译）批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作.批判性阅读是积极阅读。
它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么，还包括质疑和评价作者的话，并对此形成自己的观点.成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。
考虑写作背景。
你所读的可能是与你有不同文化背景的人所写的，或者是与你有不同时代背景的人多年以前所写的。
无论哪种情况，你都必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所代表的价值观和态度有何不同.质疑作者的论点.不要轻信作品的表面意思.在接受作者观点前,首先要确定作者作出的每一个论点都有足够的论据支持。
找出能支持该论点的事实、实例、和数据。
另外，注意作者是否参考了权威著作。
与同主题文章进行比较。
查看该作者的文章与其他作者关于同一主题的文章是否有一致性。
如果存在不一致性，对不一致的地方背后的论据支持要进行仔细甄别。
分析作者提出的假设。
假设是作者认为具有正确性的前提，基于这些前提作者才能提出论点。
很多时候作者的假设并没有直接说明，这就意味着你必须通过仔细阅读来发现这些假设。
一旦发现某一假设,你必须判断这一假设是否合理。
鉴别文章出处。
鉴别时要确保文章出处真实可信。
例如，如果文章是关于物理学里程碑式的成就,那么爱因斯坦的论述就是可靠的出处.此外还要确保出处具有相关性。
如果文章主题是诗歌，那么爱因斯坦的论述就不是相关出处。
最后，如果作者写的是某个主题当前的情形，那就要确保出处来源也是当前最新的.例如，如果作者讨论的是物理学知识的现状，那么爱因斯坦在二十世纪早期进行的研究可能就不适合作出处了。
甄别作者可能带有的偏见.有关美国政治的书面论述可能因作者是共和党人或民主党人迥然而异。
作者所写的内容很可能反映其带有偏见的立场。
阅读时要考虑到这种偏见存在的可能性。
也就是说，要对文章内容“半信半疑”。
成为一名批判性阅读者,你的思路会不断拓宽，观点会更加合理。
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Critical
Critical Thinking Critical Reading Critical Writing
1.critical adj 有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎的） 其他用法： 危机中的；危急时刻的；决定性的；关键的 eg: We are at a critical time in our history.我们正处于历
I don’t want my husband to be involved in the trouble.
The meeting was decided to involve employers in the management.
The project involves much difficulty .
Language points
apply to 使用；应用 apply to sb./sth.= be applicable to sb./sth. These regulations apply to everyone, without excepti
on. apply to sb for sth: 向某人申请某物 The student applied to the embassy for a visa. apply的派生词： application, n. 应用；申请；应用程序 applicant, n. 申请人，申请者；请求者 applicable: adj. 可适用的；可应用的；合适的
①先行名词+where=in（on/at） which
eg: College is a place where/in which we learn how to learn.大学是学会如何学习的地方。
②先行名词+when=in（on/at） which
eg: I'll never forget the day when/ on which we first met in the park.我将永远不会忘记我们s written with other written work on the subject.
Look to see that what is written is consistent with what others have written about the subject. If there are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies.
在决定做某件事情的时候，我们必须把所有的困 难都考虑进去。
value n.价值 values [pl.]是非标准；价值观 valuable adj. 有价值的；贵重的；可估价的 n.
贵重物品 invaluable=priceless adj. 无价的；非常贵重的 valueless adj. 无价值的；不值钱的；微不足道
what the author is saying. Here are the things you should
do to be a critical reader.
阅读纪实文学适合用批评性的阅读方法，因为在非文学类作 品里，作者常常会提出某种观点或是寻找作者的态度。批评 性的阅读方法是一种主动性很强的阅读方法。它涉及到的不 仅仅是理解作者所说的话。批评性的阅读方法还涉及到质疑 和评估作者所说的话，涉及到作者所说的话要形成你自己的 观点。如果你想要成为一名有批评性思维的读者，在这里我 列出一些你应该做到的。
史的紧要关头。 V. criticize/ criticise ① ~ sb/sth （for sth） 批评某人[某事物]；挑剔；非难 eg: Stop criticizing （my work）! 别再挑剔（我那作品）了! ② form and express a judgment on （a work of art,
those是代词，代替前面的复数名词values and attitudes。代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用that
The students in your class are more hard-working than those in his class.
Your voice is more beautiful than that of your classmates.
In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.
不论哪种情况，你必须能搞清楚同时好好考虑你的价值 观和态度与作者的不同之处。
if=whether,“是否”，引导名词性从句。 He measured the rope to see if it was long
enough.他量了量那根绳子看是否够长。
integrate“整合；综合；融入；合并” We must integrate theory with practice. 我们必须把理论和实践结合起来。
more than just understanding what an author is saying.
Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what
the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about
通常情况下，你是否会反对作者提出的观点？你 认为什么是积极阅读？
2.What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically?
你希望作者就批判性阅读提出什么样的建议呢？
Ⅰ. Checking Your Comprehension
I tend to take things at face value. 我总是看事情的表面。 You shouldn't take anything she says at
face value. 她的话你绝对不能只听表面意思。
Also, look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities.
的
devaluate vt. 使…贬值；降低…的价值；减 少…的重要性
China's RMB shouldn't devaluate.
evaluate vt. 评价；估价；求…的值 Undervalue vt. 低估...之价值；看轻
Question assertions made by the author.
put forth产生;提出 In spring the trees put forth new leaves. 春天，树木长出新叶子。
Darwin put forth the theory of evolution. 达尔文提出了进化论。
关系副词引导的定语从句=介词+which
合理质疑作者所做出的论断。对于作者写出来的不要 全盘接受。你在接受作者的观点之前，要确保作者提供 了足够多的论据来支持其论点。你要仔细查看支持论断 的事实、举例和统计数据。同时，你要查看作者是否参 考了权威专家的著作。
accept/take...at face value 相信表面，信以 为真
B A D A C
Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which
the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a
statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves
③先行名词+why=for which
eg: Do you know the reason why/for which he didn't come to the meeting yesterday morning？你知道他为什么没有参 加昨天早上会议的原因吗？
involve : vt 包含，牵涉，参与，使陷入
仔细思考作者的写作背景。你可能正在读一篇与你的文化 背景截然不同的作者所写的文章。或者，你可能正在读一 篇写于不同于你所处的时代的文章。不论哪种情况，你必 须能搞清楚同时好好考虑你的价值观和态度与作者的不同 之处。
Some time 一段时间，一些时间，若干时间 I’d like to meet you some time next week. Sometime adv. 改天；来日；在某一时候 adj. 以前的；某一时间的 I'll go to the park sometime tomorrow. sometimes adv. 有时，间或 Sometimes I think he dislike me.
Don’t accept what is written at face value. Before accepting what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made. Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. Also, look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities.