Beware The Dirty Seas
beware the dirty seas
Unit Two: Beware the Dirty SeasObjective:1.To impart the knowledge of outlining a passage2.To instruct how to achieve cohesion3.To arouse students’ consciousness of environmental protection.4.To teach the usage of some words and expressions5.To train the students to organize a cause and effect paper in a cohesive wayKey Points: Outlining the text, achieving cohesion.Difficult Points: Outlining, achieving cohesion.Approach: Task-based and interactive approachesDuration: Seven PeriodsContent:●.Review and l ead-in questions:▼Question: Check the homework and ask some students to share the information they have sought about pollution. (homework of Unite One)▼Question: Comment on the answers and ask some one to describe the oft-seen Shiqing Lake in our school, and ask them to provide some causes of the dirtiness of the water in the lake.▼Comments: Comment on the information provided and usher in the topic of the dirtiness of the Mediterranean.●Outlining the text▼Question: How does the title of the text strike you?▼Question: If you are asked to write an essay with the same title, how will you organize your work? Why do you want to organize it in that way?▼Question: How does the author organize his work? Try outlining the text.▼Scan for the main ideas and outline of the text▼Outline of the text:Part One: (Para.1-4 ) General introduction: Causes and consequences of the pollution of the Mediterranean.Part Two: (Para. 5-20) Elaboration on the causes and the consequences.Section one: (para.5-10) First main cause and its consequencesSection two: (para.11-13) Second main causes and its consequences: industries Section three: (para.14-15) Other causes and Pollution and its consequences. Section Four: (para.16-20) Factors that lead to the severity of the case.Part Three: (para.21-22) conclusion: Efforts made to solve the problem.●Text Discussion▼Discussion about Paragraph One:▽Question: What is the function of paragraph one?▽Language points in this paragraph: holiday-makers, be drawn to, tourist trade, holiday destination.▼Discussion about Paragraph Two:▽Question: What is the function of this paragraph?▽Question: What kind of information can you get from this paragraph?▽Question: How is it related to the rest parts of the text?▽Question: Can you identify the sentence relationships in this paragraph? Try▽Language points: waters, sluice, sewage, untreated.▼Discussion about Paragraph Three:▽Question: How is it related to the previous paragraph?▽Question: From which word do you come to this conclusion?▽Language points: nurture, gravely, fall victim to, evolve, stifle.▼Discussion about Paragraph Four:▽Question: How is it related to the previous paragraph?▽Question: What is the function of this paragraph?▽Language points: endemic, food poisoning.▼Discussion about Paragraph Five:▽Question: How is it related to the previous paragraph? What is the function of this paragraph? ▽Question: How is it related to paragraph two?▽Question: What is the key word(s) in this paragraph?▽Question: Why does the author invert the order of the last sentence? What can you learn from such kind of arrangement?▽Language points: mournful, litany, offshore▼Discussion about Paragraph Six and Paragraph Seven:▽Question: How are these two paragraphs related to each other? And how are they related to paragraph three?▽Question: Why does the author single out Greece?▽Question: What do you know about the countries, such as Greece, Israeli, Lebanon, and the city Barcelona?▽Language points: flush out.▼Discussion about Paragraph Eight:▽Question: How is it related to paragraph three, paragraph four, and the paragraphs including para.5, 6, and 7?▽Language points: be awash with, one in seven, overestimate, over-, at risk.▼Discussion about Paragraph nine and paragraph ten:▽Question: How are they related to each other? And how are they related to paragraph 8? Which word indicates so?▽Language points: lurk, seductive, seafood, infect, freshen up, filthy▼Discussion about Paragraph Eleven▽Question: How is it related to paragraph two?▽Language points: cluster, waste-treatment plant, do damage to▼Discussion about Paragraph 12, Paragraph 13, and Paragraph 14.▽Question: How are they related to paragraph 11?▽Question: And how are they related to each other?▽Question: What do you know about Italy, and Venice?▽Language points: foul, lagoon, pesticide, -cide, effluents, detergent, de-, nourish, itchy, slime, plankton▼Discussion about Paragraph Fifteen▽Question: How is it related to the previous paragraphs, particularly paragraph two?▽Question: From which word do you get the clue?▼Discussion about the next five paragraphs?▽Question: What is conveyed in these paragraphs? What are the functions of these paragraphs? ▽Question: Language points: Strait of Gibraltar, landlocked, virtually, remorseless, feeble, do little to, hazard, treble.▼Discussion about the last two paragraphs▽Question: What is the function of these two paragraphs?▽Question: Language points: approve, take effect●Discussion1.What are the causes of the dirtiness of the Mediterranean Sea?2.How does the author develop his ideas?3.In what order does the author arrange the causes?4.What can you learn from this kind of paragraph organization and development?5.How to organize a cause and effect paper?●Homework:1.Write a short essay. Pay due attention to the cohesion. Try to organize your essayin a delicate way. You can imitate the method employed in the text.2.Try to finish the excises in workbook.3.Try to search for some information about pollution.●Reflection:。
新编英语教程第5册-Unit 2-PPT-教案
or some other places into a river or the sea 废水， 污水
plankton: n. very small forms of plant and animal life that live in a body of water 浮游生物
16
Paragraph 3
The Yellow sea is the cradle of Chinese Civilization .
China is the cradle of Eastern civilization.
The Mediterranean is the cradle of western civilization.
lakes, etc.
E.g.: the upper waters of the Thames 泰晤 士河上游 South-China Sea waters 中国南海海域 international waters 国际海域
14
Paragraph 2
… sluices its sewage, untreated, into the sea: let out into the sea the waste materials which have not been treated and not made safe as if through a sluice（水闸）, which is a passage for water
fall victim to: suffer from
E.g.: fall victim to a disease / an explosion / one’s own avarice
高级英语上课(一)
TEACHING MATERIAL●1. 新编英语教程第五册（上海外语教育出版社：李观仪主编）●2. 高级英语（一）教与学指南（广东高等教育出版社2007年版：张华鸿主编）Unit One: Hit the Nail on the HeadThe Proverb “Hit the nail on the head”●To be exactly right in words or action●正中要害；说话中肯；做到恰到好处The text begins with an analogy●At the beginning of the article Warner makes an analogy between the hammering of nails and the use of language to express oneself.●A man with a poor command of language, never so sure what words to use to express himself, is just like a man clumsy with a hammer, unsuccessful in his effort to strike a nail right into a box.●But a man with a good command of a language, just like a skilful carpenter who easily drives home the nail with a few firm, deft blows, will drive home his point firmly and exactly with the right words and expressions.Malapropism – Mrs. Malaprop●词语的荒唐误用，指误用发音近似而意义不同的词语Structure of the Text:●Para 1: an analogy●Para 2&3: the significance of finding the right words (cognition, communication, satisfaction)●Para 4-7: semantic differences between words having the same root●Para 8: wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations●Para 9: stylistic differences between synonyms●Para 10: the abundance of specific words in English for general notions●Para 11:To have a good control and command over the words you do know is more important than to make your vocabulary as complete as you can.Unit Two: Beware the Dirty SeasBeware: be very careful of●Beware is used with no change of form, in giving warnings. It is generally used in the imperative. Examples:✓Beware (of) the fake products that flood the market.✓Beware how you handle the delicate situation.✓We have to beware that no one backs out at the last minute. (to fail to fulfill a promise, contract, etc.)The Mediterranean●The Mediterranean Sea, a sea surrounded by Africa, Europe, and Asiasluice●(n.) a man-made passage for water fitted with a gate for stopping and regulating the flow 水闸●(v.) to pour as if from a sluicenurture●Nurture meaning “give care and food to” is often used with children or plant, for example, nurturea child, nurture plants in a greenhouse.●We may also nurture a plan, some ideas, a project, etc., meaning “take a ction to encourage the development of a plan, etc.”Fall victim to the abilities and attitudes…●Fall victim to: suffer from●fall victim to a disease / an explosion●To suffer from man’s misuse of his abilities (or man’s abilities to destroy) and his attitu de of indifference towards environmental protection.Be awash with●Awash in its literal sense means “be covered with water”, e.g.,●After a heavy rain, the streets were awash.●Awash with is used figuratively, meaning “having a large amount of sth.”.chanceThe possibility or degree of likelihood that something will happen.●Dan has a fifty-fifty chance of passing the matriculation examination.●In other words, it is equally likely that Dan will pass the exam as that he will fail.riskA danger; a possibility that sth. harmful or undesirable may happen.●Formerly, when measles was spreading, all young children were at risk.●Sam fought with the bandit at the risk of losing his life.●He invested in shares and stocks at his own risk.Lurk1. Exist without being seen or known. A person may lurk, i.e., wait in hiding, if he intends to do sth. wrong without wanting to be seen.●Danger lurks in that quiet river.●2. Move or wait quietly and secretly, as if intending to do sth. wrong and not wanting to be seen 潜行，鬼鬼祟祟地行动，埋伏●The photographer lurked behind a tree, waiting for her to come past.primeChief; first in position or importance●Prime minister; prime time●Honesty is a matter of prime importance.virtuallyPractically; in effect; almost●The manager being out of town, Sally is virtually in charge of the work.cleanseCleanse, meaning “clean”, is a more elevated word than clean. It is often used figuratively.●Cleanse one of one’s sins or wrongdoings; cleanse the world from evilsremorseless●Remorse: great sorrow and a feeling of guilt for having done wrong 懊悔，悔恨●1. Threateningly unstoppable 持续不断的，无休止的●He was disturbed by the remorseless noise of the engines all night and could not fall asleep.●2. merciless, and not caring how much other people are hurt 残酷无情的，冷酷的●The man killed his opponent with remorseless cruelty.Take effect●Produce results intended●The cough medicine took effect quickly.●The new policy is expected to take effect soon.●Part 1●paras 1-4: introducing the topic●Thesis statement: The Mediterranean is the most polluted sea in the world.●Causes and consequences of the pollution in general.Part 2●Paras 5-10: improper treatment of sewage by many Mediterranean countries.●Consequences:✓Contamination of sea water and fish✓Greater likelihood of diseasePart 3●Paras 11-13: second main cause – industries●Untreated water emitted from factories along the coast and from factories located far inland Part 4●Paras 14-15: other causes of pollution●Pesticides, detergents, fertilizers, oil, etc.Part 5●Paras 16-20: factors that lead to the severity of the case:✓Narrow and shallow outlet of the Strait of Gibraltar✓Weak coastal currents and feeble tides✓Long-standing practice of dumping wastes into the sea✓Multiplication of population and increasing number of touristsPart 6●Paras 21-22: conclusion●Efforts being made to solve the problemUnit Three: My Friend, Albert EinsteinAbout the Text●The text is mainly about Einstein‟s personality and his incomparable contributions to science. It is inevitable that mention must be made of Einstein‟s theory of relativity a nd his other achievements in mathematics and physics which, however, are very difficult for laymen to understand and explain.●For this reason only very brief notes are given to the technical terms. What is more important about the text is a description of Einstein concerning his✓Knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter (Line 5-6)✓His utter naturalness(Line 17-18)✓The fantastic intensity and depth of his concentration and✓His revolutionary ideas about mathematics and physics, etc.reminisce/reminiscence/reminiscent●reminisce: (v.) to talk or think about past experiences, esp. pleasant ones 追忆往事，缅怀往事●reminiscence (n.)●reminiscent (adj.) 1: that reminds one of; like 使人想起…的;像…的e.g.●The hotel is reminiscent of the one we stayed in last year.●a taste reminiscent of chicken●reminiscent (adj.) 2: thinking about the past; remembering 回忆往事的，怀旧的e.g.●a reminiscent smileconvey●1. make known (ideas, views, feelings, etc.) to another person e.g.●Mary asked me to convey her gratitude to you.●His recent book conveys to us his outlook on life.●2. carry sth. (from one place to another) e.g.●Pipes convey heat from the central heating system to every part of the building.●a conveyor belt 传送带would be none the worse for its wetting●would not be harmed by its being wet●none the worse for: not harmed by; not adversely affected by e.g.●He got lost in the street for quite a while, but was none the worse for it.none the +比较级/ none too●none the + 比较级：Not; in no way 一点也不e.g.●He explained it to me, but I’m none the wiser. (= I still don’t understand it.)●My car is none the worse for (= is no worse because of) the accident.●none too: not very 不太e.g.●The service in this restaurant is none too fast and the food is none too good, either.instinct / instinctive / instinctively●instinct: a natural ability or tendency to act in a certain way, without having to learn or think about it 本能，天性，直觉●an instinct for survival●the nest-building instinct in birds●Don‟t ask me; follow/trust your instincts and do what you think is right.awe (n./v.)●(n.) the feeling of respect and amazement when one is faced with sth. wonderful, frightening, or completely unknown e.g.●He visited the exhibition and stood in awe of the fossils of prehistoric animals.●The audience listened to the learned philosopher in awe.●(v.) cause a feeling of amazement or fear e.g.●The magician’s performance awed us all.awry (adj.&adv)●1. not in the way that was planned or intended; wrong 出岔子的，走样的，错误的e.g.●A police operation that went badly awry 一次严重失误的警方行动●2. not in the correct position or shape; twisted; bent 位置和形状不对的，弯曲的，歪的utter (adj.&v.)●(adj.) (esp. of sth. bad) complete; absolute 完全的，全然的，十足的e.g.●It was an utter waste of time.●an utter idiot●(v.)(esp. fml or lit) to make (a sound) or produce (words) sometimes with difficulty●The wounded man uttered a groan.●She didn‟t utter a word all night.Then came the staggering…endearing request:●The surprising and shocking, almost unbelievable, and yet very pleasant and affectionate request came.●stagger 1:to walk or move unsteadily and with with great difficulty, almost falling e.g.●The drunken man staggered towards us/away.●He staggered to the door, bleeding from his wounds.●I finally staggered into bed at 3 in the morning.●stagger 2: cause shocked disbelief 使惊愕，使难以置信e.g.●His excessive conceit and self-confidence staggered all his colleagues.●endearing: causing feelings of love and affection 使人爱慕的，惹人喜爱的，可爱的SOMEHOW●(1) by some means; in some way not yet known or stated 以某种方法，不知怎么地e.g.●Don't worry; we‟ll get the lost money back somehow.●(2) for some reason that is not clear 由于某种不明的原因，不知为什么e.g.●Somehow I seem to have two knives and no fork.-●I think she‟s right but somehow I …m not completely sure.When battling a recalcitrant…its prey.●When tackling a problem which was difficult to solve, he attacked it as an animal chases and frightens another animal it preys upon.●…Recalcitrant‟ is used to describe a person or an animal that is hard to keep under one‟s control e.g.●Try not to punish a recalcitrant child severely, it is better to reason with him.●When an animal worries its prey, it shakes it, pulls at it, frightens it, or even eats it.●In other words, the animal will not stop attacking its prey. Similarly, Einstein would not let goa problem unsolved, he would keep at it.steer●It generally means “make a boat or a car go in a particular direction”.●Figuratively, it often means …direct,‟ e.g.●steer visitors to the park -●steer a conversation away from unpleasant subjectstamper with●1. meddle with; interfere with e.g.●It is wrong to tamper with other people’s affairs.●2. try to change something without permission 擅自变动，篡改，擅自乱动●Don’t tamper with the students’ records. Put them back into the filing cabinet.tribute●Something done, given, or said to show respect or admiration for someone; respect e.g. 向某人表示敬意而献出的礼物，赠品，颂词，殷勤●They paid tribute to John for his untiring efforts at carrying through the project.●I‟d like to pay tribute to the office staff for all the hard work they‟ve put in on this project. ineffable●Too wonderful to be described; indescribable e.g. ineffable joy/happiness/beauty/delight 不可言喻的●(esp. of the name of God in some religions) not to be spoken aloud 因神圣而不容称呼的，须避讳的e.g.the ineffable nameelude/elusive●Elude 1: to escape from, esp. by mean of a trick 逃避，躲避e.g.●The fox succeeded in eluding the hunters by running back in the opposite direction.●Elude 2: (of a fact, answer, etc.) to be difficult for sb. to find or remember 使记不起来，把。
综合英语Book V Unit 2 BEWARE THE DIRTY SEAS
Difficult sentences for paraphrasing
An even greater danger lurks in the seductive seafood dishes that add so much interest to holiday menus.
--- There is an even bigger hazard hidden in the delicious seafood dishes which attract great interest of those holiday-makers (or which are forever so appealing to those holiday-makers).
advantages Workbook: Exercises I & II on pp. 19-
20
Assignment
Write an essay of about 300 words on pollution. Narrow down the topic and make a topic ragraph.
--- What happens is that the M, the cradle of many ancient cultures, is seriously polluted. It is the first of the seas that has been made to suffer from a situation resulting from development mixed with an irresponsible mentality.
Comprehension question
What relationship does the author establish in para. 3 between the many civilizations the Mediterranean has nurtured and its pollution?
unit 2 Beware the Dirty Seas
TEXT I Beware the Dirty Seas
Teaching procedures
• • • • Warm-up questions Structure of the text Text analysis and language points Summary
Warm-up questions
• Section 3: (Paras. 21-22) Conclusion • Efforts being made to solve the problem
Text analysis and language points
Paragraph 1 holiday destination: holiday resort Paragraph 2 waters: the water of the stated rivers, lakes, etc. E.g.: the upper waters of the Thames 泰晤士河 上游 South-China Sea waters 中国南海海域 internatiras.5-20) Detailed causes and consequences of the pollution
• Paras.11-13: Second main cause--- industries • Untreated water emitted from factories along the coast and from factories located far inland
• • • •
Consequences: Diseases Food shortage Higher risk of diseases
Light pollution
高级英语 m2 词汇
5.the lagoon of Venice---an inlet of the Gulf of Venice.Venice is a seaport in northeastern Italy which is built on numerous small island in the Lagoon of Venice. 威尼斯的礁湖：威尼斯湾的入口。威尼斯是意大利 东北部的一个港口,它在威尼斯的礁湖上建立了无 数的小岛。 6.the Po and the Rhone---two rivers in Italy 阿宝和罗纳：在意大利的两个河流
• eg.Our boat was headed for shore.我们的船朝岸边 驶去。 • 这些螃蟹每年这个时间，要来到这里海岸的边上， 恰尔特说，它们以吃海藻为生。 • The crabs come closer to shore at this time of year, Child said, where they feed on the seaweed.
3.Sardinia---a large island in the Mediterranean,in the west of Italy. 撒丁岛：一个位于地中海以及意大利西部的大岛。 4.Sicily---the largest island in the Mediterranean belonging to Italy. 西西里：属于意大利的地中海最大的岛。
Beware the Dirty Seas
sewage
sewage:n.waste matter carried away in sewers or drains污水； 下水道；污物 sewage treatment 废水处理；污水处理法 sewage disposal 污水处理 sewage treatment plant 污水处理厂 domestic sewage 生活污水；家庭污水 urban sewage 城市污水 municipal sewage 城市污水
5-2-1unit 2 Beware the dirty seas
New Images from Space Spotlight Asian Air Pollution
A
visualization of satellite data captured and processed January 1–20, 2003, by scientists at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) shows heavy pollution from China and Southeast Asia blowing out over the Pacific Ocean.
(2) Treatment and control of wastes of all kinds is the only answer to water pollution problems. Pollution can be controlled by building sewer systems, sewage treatment plants, and installations to keep fertilizers and insecticides from entering the water.
Major Sources of Air Pollution
1)
natural causes (volcanoes, pollen, etc.) 2) various fertilisers and insecticides which contribute to pollution in nature. Animal digestion and excrement are an important source of methane (CH4), a gas which contributes to the greenhouse effect.
高级英语1教学大纲
《高级英语Ⅰ》课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息课程名称：高级英语Ⅰ课程英文名称: Advanced EnglishⅠ课程类别: 专业基础课课程属性：必修学分：3 学时：54学期共1学期考核方式：笔试＋口试二、课程性质及教学目的根据《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》培养目标要求，高等院校英语专业要培养具有扎实的基本功、宽广的知识面、一定的相关专业知识、有较强适应能力、应变能力、自主能力和良好身心素质的复合型英语人才。
在基础阶段的英语教学完成以后，必须继续进行更高一级的英语阅读教学。
高级英语课程是英语专业基础阶段综合英语课程在高层次上的延续，是一门训练学生阅读理解、语法修辞与写作能力的综合英语技能课程，是一门专业必修课。
顺应时代和社会的要求，我系高年级综合英语教研组在总结传统教学经验、在探索新的教学理念、学习现代教育技术的基础上，以语言教学理论和多媒体网络教学技术理论为基础，以更新教学内容和手段、重组教学结构为出发点，大力改革高级英语课堂教学模式，把课堂教学和多媒体网络技术相结合，寻求以学生为中心的互动性、协作性、个性化的高年级综合英语教学模式。
学生通过多媒体课堂教学、课后自主学习，巩固和深化语言基础知识、提高词义辨析能力，扩大词汇量，阅读和分析涉及政治、经济、社会、语言、文学、教育、哲学等方面的名家作品，扩大知识面，加深对社会和人生的理解；培养学生对名篇分析和欣赏能力，逻辑思维与独立思考能力，使学生增强对文化差异的敏感性；初步了解各种修辞手段和各种写作技巧；使学生能够熟悉常用的文学、科技等词汇；并引发学习者对社会、历史、科学和文化等重大问题的自我思考能力，全面发展学生的语言技能、思辨能力、赏析能力、解决问题的能力，从而培养学生的语言综合运用能力，提高其自主学习、持续学习的能力。
在词汇上，通过课堂教学和其他途径认识7000－9000个词汇；且能正确而熟练地使用其中的5000个及其最常见的搭配。
掌握基本的构词法；掌握一定数量的同义词、反义词辨析。
Beware the dirty seas
BEWARE THE DIRTY SEAS当心肮脏的海洋--杰弗里·利恩1Every year 100 million holiday-makers are drawn to the Mediterranean. With one-third of the world's tourist trade, it is the most popular of all the holiday destinations; it is also the most polluted.每年都有一千万的渡假者到地中海去度假，这里占去了世界旅游业的三分之一，是最受欢迎的度假胜地，但与此同时，它也成了受污染最严重的地方。
It has only 1 per cent of the world's sea surface, but carries more than half the oil and tar floating on the waters. Thousands of factories pour their poison into the Mediterranean, and almost every city, town and village on the coast sluices its sewage, untreated, into the sea.虽然地中海仅占全球海洋面积的百分之一，但在它的海面上却漂浮着全球海面一半以上的汽油和焦油。
成千上万的工厂将他们排放的有毒物质倾人地中海，而且几乎每一个靠地中海海岸的城市、城镇和乡村也都把未经处理的污水排到海里。
The result is that the Mediterranean, which 1nurtured so many civilizations, is gravely ill --- the first of the seas to 2fall victim to 3the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it. And the pollution does not merely 4stifle the life of the sea --- it threatens the people who inhabit and visit its shores.其结果导致孕育了高度文明的地中海周围环境极其恶劣― 第一个由于人们对其利用能力的增强和对其环境污染的忽视态度而受害的海洋。
unit2 Beware the dirty seas
• fall victim to: suffer from • E.g.: fall victim to a disease / an explosion / one’s own avarice • to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes …: • to suffer from man‟s misuse of his abilities (or man‟s abilities to destroy) and his attitude of indifference towards environmental protection
IV. Organization of the Text
1 .Paragraphs 1 - 4. Introducing the topic: The Mediterranean is the most polluted sea in the world (thesis statement). (1) Causes and consequences of the pollution in general. (2 – 4)
… sluices its sewage, untreated, into the sea: let out into the sea the waste materials which have not been treated and not made safe as if through a sluice（水闸）, which is a passage for water.
Beware_the_Dirty_Seas.地中海介绍
The End!
• 克莱德河灰蒙蒙的河水 • An area of sea or ocean belonging to a particular country<某个国家的>领海，海域 某个国家的>
• Eg:we were shill in British waters. waters.
• 我们仍然在英国的领海上
further
Climate
• Characterized by no freezing
temperatures in winter and dry summers. • Europe's hottest climate. • Occurs on the Western part of the continent. • Refers to zones in a range of latitudes between 30 and 45 degrees.
The Mediterranean Sea Basin
Beware the Dirty Seas
• Para.18-22 Para.18-
Waters
• the water in a particular lake,river,sea or ocean.< 某一江，河，湖，海的> 某一江，河，湖，海的>水域 • Eg:the grey waters of the River Clyde
Environment
• It plays an important part in the wider
oceans system. • Its warm, highly saline waters provide spawning grounds for many species and carry a unique signature of nutrients and plankton. • Produces over half our oxygen. • Transfers nutrients and energy currents around the world. • Creates and distributes weather systems .
新编英语教程5(词汇Unit1-10)
Unit One Hit the Nail on the Head1. drive sth home: force (the nail) into the right place; make sth unmistakably clear.2. scrupulous: painstaking, meticulous3. far afield: very far away4. rife:1) widespread, common 2)full of5. leader: British English for newspaper editorial6. coercion: pressure, compulsion7. epitomize: be typical of; serve as the typical example of8. disprove: prove to be contrary; refute9. expire: die, pass away; come to an end10. indigent: poverty-stricken, pennilessUnit Two Beware the dirty seas1. sluice: (v.) to pour as if from a sluice(水闸)，i.e., a man-made passage for water fitted with a gate for stopping and regulating the flow; (n.) a channel controlling water flow2. nurture: further the development of; care for3. evolve: develop gradually (by a long continuous process)4. endemic: (of a disease) found regularly in a particular place5. litany: repetition. The literal meaning of “litany” is “a prayer consisting of a series of invocations and supplications by the leader with responses by the congregation”.6. flush: pour; flood with water to clean out (See dictionary)7. lurk: exist unseen8. effluent: liquid wastes, such as chemicals or sewage that flows out from a factory or some other places into a river or the sea9. plankton: very small forms of plant and animal life that live in a body off water 浮游生物10. slime: unpleasant sticky substance, such as the thick sticky liquid on the skin of various fishUnit Three My Friend, Albert Einstein1. knack: a clever way of doing things2. be in awe of: have respect as well as fear and reverence for3. staggering: unexpectedly surprising; astounding4. vestiges: traces5. ultimately: finally; after a long series of time6. recalcitrant: hard to deal with; unmanageable7. worry: assail a problem again and again until it is solved, just like a dog biting some small animals repeatedly, shaking it or pulling it with the teeth8. surcease: (archaic) cessation, pause9. plausible: seeming to be reasonable10. a house of cards: an insecure scheme11. ineffable: unutterable; incapable of being expressed in words12. elusively whimsical: indescribably quaint or strange 捉摸不透的，古怪Unit Four The Invisible Poor1. perennial: lasting forever or for a long time2. rutted roads: roads with deep, narrow marks made by the wheels of vehicles3. be exempt from: be freed from a duty. service, payment, etc.4. tenement: a large building, especially one in the poor part of a city, which is divided into small flats which are rented cheaply5. affluent: wealthy, prosperous6. compound v.: /kom'paund/ make worse by adding (something) to . . . (often used in the passive)7. existential: relating to human experience (a formal-word)8. lurid: sensational, shocking9. dispossessed: people who have lost all their possessions10. cynical: doubtful as to whether something will happen or whether it is worthwhile11. involvement: connection12. old rhetoric of reform: writings about reform in the past that sounded fine and important, but were really insincere and meaninglessUnit Five The Plug—in Drug:TV and the American Family,PartⅠ1. afflict: trouble2. asset: valuable object; advantage3. preposterous: unthinkable, absurd4. splintering: splitting, breaking up5. the peer group: a group of people of the same age, class, position. etc. here, group of children of the same age6. television-oriented: interested in and influenced by TV7. equivocal: ambiguous8. sorcerer: person who performs magic by using the power of evil spirits9. stint: fixed amount of work: here, the fixed TV programme10. conjure up: bring into the mind11. sane: (in this context) in possession of good relations/of a close bond12. backlog: a reserveUnit Six Preparing for College1. driving motive: the incentive / encouragement that urges them on;2. the rudiments: the basics, the fundamentals (The word rudiments is always in the plural form when used in this sense.)3. metaphysics: the branch of philosophy that deals with abstract concepts, etc. 形而上学，玄学，纯粹哲学4. conscious culture: the culture (i.e. customs, arts, etc,) that is directly perceptible or known to us5. fanatic: one who is very enthusiastic about a particular activity6. personify: express or represent ( a quality in human form)7. sedentary: inactive; done while sitting down8. underline: indicate the importance of9. balked: baffled; frustrated10. a maddening lot: a wild, uncontrollable group11. righteous sects: morally justifiable groups of people whose religious beliefs are considered different form those of a larger group12. relish: 味,味道,兴趣;开胃小菜;great enjoymentUnit Seven Grouping the Gifted:Pro1. innate: belonging to an individual from birth2. pursuit: an activity that one engages in as a profession, vocation, or avocation3. athlete: person who practises athletics; competitor or skilled performer in physical exercises4. heterogeneously: in such a way that members are very different from one another5. criterion /--ia: standard on which a decision may be based6. snob: one who has an offensive air of superiority (here, in matters of knowledge)7. elite: a socially superior group8. instill: put (ideas, etc. ) gradually but firmly into someone's mind by continuous effort9. spark: encourage; stimulate into greater activity10. latent: present and capable of becoming though not now visible or active11. skyrocket: rise or increase rapidly12. pay dividends: produce an advantage. especially as a result of an earlier action (dividend: that part of the money made by a business which is divided among those who own shares in the business 红利)Unit Eight Why Nothing Works1. savant: a man of learning, especially a person with detailed knowledge in some specialized field2. corollary: an immediate inference from a proved proposition3. forestall: defeat, prevent by prior measures4. commitment: a pledge to follow certain beliefs or a certain course of action; devotion (to duty etc. )5. artifact: a usually small object (as a tool or an ornament) showing human workmanship that has special historical interest6. evoke: bring to mind7. projectile point: the tip of a weapon that is thrust forward; spear or arrowhead8. band: a group of people formed for some common purpose and often with a leader9. barter: trade by exchanging one commodity for another10. alienation: a withdrawing or separation of a person from an object or position of former attachment; a feeling of not belonging to or being part of one's surroundingsUnit Nine Where Is the News Leading Us?1. symposium: a conference in which experts or scholars discuss a certain subject2. scrutinize: examine very closely and carefully3. distortion: misrepresentation; a false or dishonest account4. eruptive: (in this context) sensational, shocking, disturbing5. collide with: crash violently into; run into (one another)6. ingredient: a component part of something7. inhibitor: one who holds back, prevents8. deplete: exhaust, use up, reduce9. cynicism: disbelief in the sincerity of human motives10. antidote: remedy, corrective; something that prevents or counteracts11. envision: picture mentally, imagine, visualize12. caricature: a picture ludicrously滑稽的exaggerating the peculiarities or defects of persons or thingsUnit Ten Things:The Throw—Away Society1. Humanoid: having human form or characteristics2. texture: the degree of roughness or smoothness, coarseness or fineness, of a substance or material, especially as felt by touch; visual and tactile qualities of a surface3. staggering: stunning, wondrous, breathtaking4. deride: laugh at contemptuously; to scoff at or mock5. transience: temporariness, impermanence; the quality or state of being temporary or impermanent6. at a rapid clip: (informal) at a fast pace7. inextricably embedded: so deeply involved that it is impossible to get free8. boutique: a small fashionable clothes shop9. sumptuous: expensive and grand10. train: a part of a long dress that spreads over the ground behind the wearer11. A-line dresses: dresses with a flared bottom and close-fitting top, having an "A" or tent-like shape12. supplant: take the place of; replace。
Beware the dirty seas
Useful expression effluent
Line 40
n.[C] (a type of) liquid waste flows out from a factory,ect. 废水，污水，排泄物 废水，污水， e.g. receive the effluent 回收废水； 回收废水； effluent treatment 废水处理 Dangerous effluent from some chemical plants is being poured into the river through the town.
Unit Two
TEXT I Beware the Dirty Seas
主讲人： 主讲人：陈惠贞 Group 8: 单兆麒 陈惠 贞 林桂雯 陈镇华 林芷霞
Organization of the Text The useful expression
Organization of the Text
（呵欠，抽泣） 呵欠，抽泣）
Useful expression endemic
Line 13 adj. (especially of a disease) found regularly in a particular place 地方性的 e.g. Corruption is endemic in the system.腐败在
Organization of the Text
2. Paragraphs 5 – 20 Telling us the causes of the pollution in Mediterranean from four aspects. The improper treatment of sewage by many Mediterranean countries. (5-10) The industrial pollution. (11-13) The pollution of pesticides, detergents, fertilizers and oil, ect. (14-15) The three factors that speed up the severity of the pollution. (16-20)
高级英语期末考试重点
1、阅读理解、阅读理解 （20%）1) Unit 1: HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD 教材Page 6: comprehension I and II 教材Page 7: organization and development 教材Page 7: analysis 2）Unit 12: THE SCIENCE OF CUSTOM 教材Page 150-151: comprehension I and II 教材Page 151: organization and development 2、词汇、词汇 （10%）全部选自本学期作业全部选自本学期作业3、完形填空、完形填空 （10%）1）高级英语教与学指南的HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD的完形填空 P3 P9 的完形填空2）高级英语教与学指南的THE PLUG-IN DRUG: TV AND THE AMERICAN FAMILY的完形填空P63 P673）高级英语教与学指南的WHY NOTHING WORKS的完形填空的完形填空 P115 P119 4）高级英语教与学指南的WHAT LIFE MEANS TO ME (PART II)的完形填空的完形填空 P221 P2274、成段改错、成段改错 （10%）1）高级英语教与学指南的GROUPING THE GIFTED: PRO的成段改错P95 P99 2）高级英语教与学指南的CULTIV ATING A HOBBY的成段改错的成段改错 P166 P1703）高级英语教与学指南的WHAT LIFE MEANS TO ME (PART I)的成段改错的成段改错 P206 P210 4）高级英语教与学指南的WHAT LIFE MEANS TO ME (PART II)的成段改错的成段改错 P222 P2275、句型转换、句型转换 （10%）1）高级英语教与学指南的BEWARE THE DIRTY SEAS：句型转换第2, 5题P19 P21 P23 P252）高级英语教与学指南的MY FRIEND，ALBERT EINSTEIN：句型转换第1, 5题P36 P39 P41 P42 3）高英语教与学指南的THE INVISIBLE POOR：句型转换第1, 5题P52 P55 P57 P584）高级英语教与学指南的THE PLUG-IN DRUG: TV AND THE AMERICAN FAMILY：句型转换第2，5题P61 P63 P66 P685）高级英语教与学指南的PREPARING FOR COLLEGE：句型转换第1, 2题P76 P79 P81 P836）高级英语教与学指南的THINGS: THE THROW-AWAY SOCIETY：句型转换第4，5题7）高级英语教与学指南的WHY NOTHING WORKS：句型转换第3，4题8）高级英语教与学指南的GROUPING THE GIFTED: PRO：句型转换第2，4题9）高级英语教与学指南的CULTIV ATING A HOBBY：句型转换第1，4题10）高级英语教与学指南的THE SCIENCE OF CUSTOM：句型转换第4，5题11）高级英语教与学指南的WHAT LIFE MEANS TO ME (PART I)：句型转换第3，5题12）高级英语教与学指南的WHAT LIFE MEANS TO ME (PART II)：句型转换第3，4题13）高级英语教与学指南的I HA VE A DREAM：句型转换第1, 5题14) 高级英语教与学指南的WHERE IS THE NEWS LEADING US：句型转换第4, 5题6、汉译英、汉译英 （40%）1）高级英语教与学指南的THE PLUG-IN DRUG: TV AND THE AMERICAN FAMILY：汉译英第1题P62 P66 2）高级英语教与学指南的WHY NOTHING WORKS：汉译英第1题1 3）高级英语教与学指南的THINGS: THE THROW-AWAY SOCIETY：汉译英第1, 2题4）高级英语教与学指南的GROUPING THE GIFTED: PRO：汉译英第3题5）高级英语教与学指南的CULTIV ATING A HOBBY：汉译英第1题6）高级英语教与学指南的WHAT LIFE MEANS TO ME (PART II)：汉译英第1题2 。
unit2-Beware-the-dirty-seas PPT课件
let out into the sea the waste materials which have not been treated and not made safe as if through a sluice（水闸）, which is a passage for water.
Paragraph 3
• The result is that the Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilisations(文明), is gravely ill -the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved(逐步形成的) around it.
nurture [‘nə:tʃə] vt. 1. 给…营养物，培植： 2. 养育，培养，教养 to nurture one’s offspring 抚养下一代 3. 鼓励，促进，助长： to nurture promising musicians 培养有前途的音乐家
• fall victim to: suffer from
• 地中海作为陆间海，风浪较小，加之沿岸海岸 线曲折、岛屿众多，拥有许多天然良好的港口， 成为沟通三个大陆的交通要道。这样的条件， 使地中海从古代开始海上贸易就很繁盛，促进 了古代古埃及文明、古希腊文明、罗马帝国等 的发展。现在也是世界海上交通的重要地区之 一。其沿岸的腓尼基人、克里特人、希腊人， 以及后来的葡萄牙人和西班牙人都是航海业发 达的民族。著名的航海家如哥伦布、达·伽马、 麦哲伦等，都出自地中海沿岸的国家。
沿岸国家
• 欧洲国家（从西至东排序）：西班牙、法国、 摩纳哥、意大利、马耳他（岛）、斯洛文尼亚、 克罗地亚、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、黑山、阿 尔巴尼亚、希腊、塞浦路斯（岛）。
李观仪《新编英语教程》第5册 UNIT2
Farms & Landscaping Amimals may contribute to water pollution when their droppings enter the water stream. Also, animals may erode stream banks, breaking down natural pollution barriers.Fertilizers, pesticides and even irrigation may contribute to pollution. Lawn & Gardens Excess fertilizer, insecticides and weed killers may all wash down into the sewerage system or into the ground water or surface water which then flows into rivers, lakes, or the ocean. Boats & Marinas Oil, bilge water, dead fish and garbage (e.g. plastic six pack holders and fishing lines) from boats may be dumped from boats. Trash from boats can pose a serious threat to marine life. Turtles, whales, fish, and sea birds can be tangled up and strangled by plastics such as fishing lines and six-pack holders.
《阅读与思辨》课程教学大纲
《阅读与思辨》课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息1、课程编码：U16M12156/72、课程名称（中/英文）：阅读与思辨（1）（2）/ReadingandCriticalThinking3、学时/学分：64/44、先修课程：基础英语，英美社会与文化，阅读等5、开课单位：外国语学院外国语言文学系6、开课学期）：秋、春7、课程模块：学科基础课程8、课程类别：必修9、教材及教学参考书：《新编英语教程》5、6册，李观仪主编，上海外语教育出版社，2013年。
《英语修辞大全》冯翠华著外语教学与研究出版社，2005年《英语词汇学教程》汪榕培卢晓娟著上海外与教育出版社，2005年Goong,W:RhetoricinPracticeElbow,Peter:WritingwithPower，1998二、教学目的和任务该课程旨在培养英语专业高年级学生综合技能向高层次发展，即培养学生综合表述能力、思维能力和学习能力的综合发展。
课程通过阅读和分析内容广泛的材料，包括涉及政治、经济、社会、语言、文学、教育、哲学等方面的名家作品，扩大学生知识面、加深学生对社会和人生的理解，培养学生对名篇的分析和欣赏能力，逻辑思维与独立思考的能力，巩固和提高学生英语语言技能三、教学内容、基本要求及学时分配教学内容：在阅读方面，引导学生充分理解教材课文内容以及相关的背景知识；重视对篇章结构、逻辑关系、修辞手法、文体风格的学习，提高学生逻辑思维和判断评述的能力，同时解决阅读中词汇、语法的难点，并能够正确、灵活运用；在写作方面，训练学生注重文章的思想内容、组织结构和正确表达，逐步做到行文的得体和流畅。
基本要求：进一步提高阅读理解和写作能力，掌握语篇分析和欣赏能力及研究学习能力。
学时分配：每一教学单元一般需要3个学时完成。
四、实践教学内容和基本要求根据本学科专业的特点，本课程没有实验和上机等时间教学安排，但要求学生根据本课程教学目的与任务完成两次项目学习任务，每学期的期中和期末各一次。
unit2-Beware-the-dirty-seas全篇
6. Paragraphs 21 – 22
Conclusion: Efforts being made to solve the problem
Paragraph 1
• Every year 100 million holiday-makers(度假者) are drawn to（被吸引到） the Mediterranean. With one-third of the world’s tourist trade(旅游业), it is the most popular of all the holiday destinations; it is also the most polluted.
• 6. An even greater danger lurks in the seductive seafood dishes that add so much interest to holiday menu.
• 7. The lagoon of Venice alone receives the effluents of 76 factories.
abilities to destroy) and his attitude of indifference towards
environmental protection
• The result is that the Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilisations(文明), is gravely ill -the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved(逐步形成的) around it.
Beware the dirty seas读书报告
Beware the dirty seas读书报告
这部书十分推荐中学生阅读！如果当年念书的时候读过这样一部书，应当至少能提高我对历史课本上的一战的直观感受。
同学们，你们是否对历史课本上“讳莫如深”的总结性记载感到懵逼呢？萨拉热窝是什么地方？为什么费迪南大公会在这里遇刺？为何死了一个人要引起世界性的战争？同盟国和协约国是在打什么？历史课本上对于一战的描述“一场帝国主义之间分赃不平衡的战争，非正义的战争，促进了资本主义国家的无产阶级革命”到底说的是什么鬼？这些答案都能在Beware the dirty seas中找到。
简单来说，这部书就是讲了这些，它在事情发展的客观描述上是尊重史实的，将之与历史课本相结合，你会感到课本上平板的总结性段落变得不再难背。
再另一方面，它又比历史课本有趣的多，虽然你翻开这本书之前，就已经知道这段历史的开端和结局，但是其中每一个“小人物”的命运，却在历史的波浪中起伏不定，牵动人心。
有时候你为他们顺应历史的行为而感到欣喜，有时候你又为他们逆历史潮流的选择感到心急，但是历史中的他们并不懂哪里是正确的方向，正像历史中的我们。
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Brief Introduction of Cuture
• The Strait of Gibralta • The Strait of Gibralta is an important gate which is a narrow passage of connecting the Mediterranean and the Atlantic. It is called the "lifeline of Europe" because it is the only gate of the Mediterranen and the Atlantic.
Library Work
• 2. Treatment and control of wastes of all kinds is the only answer to water pollution problems. Pollution can be controlled by building sewer systems, sewage treatment plants, and installations to keep fertilizers and insecticides from entering the water.
Library Work
• and agricultural fertilizers, pesticides, and weed killers. The two chief reasons for the contamination and exacerbation of the problem are industrialization and urbanization. Industrial wastes include dissolved minerals, toxic chemicals, and sediments. Modern industrial processes have polluted water with certain metals, such as lead and mercury, while agricultural practices do so with a variety of pesticides.
Thinking about the condition of water poluution in our country, discuss in groups for the causes and effects.
Leading Questions
• What causes seas to become dirty? • Why are the readers called on to beware of them?
Author
• Geoffrey Lean is Britain's longest-serving environmental correspondent, having pioneered reporting on the subject almost 40 years ago. • Geoffrey Lean pioneered the coverage of green issues long before they became fashionable and has won Scoop of the Year in the British Press Awards and the Martha Gelhorn Award for investigative journalism.
Library Work
• 1. Water pollution is a major element of 20th-century environmental pollution. It includes the accumulation in oceans, lakes, rivers, and streams of physical, chemical, and biological substances that are either directly harmful to life or that have dangerous or harmful secondary and long-range effects. The principal sources of water pollution are sewage, industrial waste, garbage and refuse,
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Beware The Dirty Seas
——商英121班 吴浩楠
Cutural Background
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Library Work
leading questions
Brief Introduction of Cuture
• The Mediterranean • It also called the Mediterranean Sea, which was surrounded by Africa,Europe, and Asia. • The Nile
•The Nile is the longest river in Africa. It is also the only river run through south to north in the world. The Nile tun through Egypt. There also an area of lowland shaped like a triangle where the Nile River divides into branches towards the sea.