英语语法大攻克--名词
英语语法-名词-教案
一、名词（一）定义表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。
我们通常称为名词。
例如：teacher, desk, Japanese, milk 等。
（二）分类总的来说, 英语中的名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两类。
1. 专有名词：表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等专有名称的名词。
例如：Lucy, Shanghai, the Communist Party of China, the United States等。
注意：专有名词的第一个字母要大写。
2. 普通名词：表示某一类人或事物或表示一个抽象概念的名称的名词。
例如：worker, boy, machine等。
普通名词又可分为以下四类：（1）个体名词：表示个体的人或事物的名词。
例如：cup, desk, student等。
一般可数, 有单复数形式。
（2）集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物的总称的名词。
例如：class, team, family等。
一般可数, 有单复数形式。
（3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质或材料的名词。
例如：rice, water, cotton等。
一般不可数, 没有单复数之分。
（4）抽象名词：表示状态、品质、动作、情感等抽象概念的名词。
例如：love, work, life等。
一般不可数, 没有单复数之分。
（三）名词的数（七上Unit 6）可数名词的复数形式的构成规则1. 一般情况下在名词的词尾加s, 如：book -books, pencil-pencils。
2. 以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的名词加-es, 其读音为［iz］。
如：bus-buses, box- boxes, watch -watches, dish- dishes等。
3. 以-y结尾的名词：(1) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词, 把y改为i再加es, 读音为［iz］, 如：factory -factories, company -companies等。
(2) 以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词, 或专有名词以y结尾, 直接在词尾加-s, 读音为［z］。
英语语法大攻克--名词复习
名词名词复数的规则变化情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加s 清辅音后读/s/浊辅音后和元音后读/z/ map-maps car-cars以s,sh,ch,x 等结尾加es 读/iz/ box-boxesclass-classes以ce,se,ze 等结尾加s 读/iz/ license-licenses以辅音字母+y 结尾变y 为i 再加es 读/iz/ baby-babies二．其他复数的规则变化1）以y结尾的专有名词或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。
例如：the Henrys’ monkey---monkeys2）以o 结尾的名词,变复数时：a. 非生命名词加s,如：photo---photos piano---pianosb. 生命名词加es,如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoesc. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如zero---zeros / zeroes.3）以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：去掉f,fe 加ves,如：half---halves knife---knives，除roof---roofs以外。
三．名词复数的不规则变化1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth注意:：由一个词加man 或woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women,如an Englishman,two Englishmen.但German 不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans.2）单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin等。
但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
如：a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters。
英语语法大攻克--冠词,代词,名词练习
各地中考题：1.--How many 5-star hotels are there in your city?---Two. Ours is one of them, and other is Parkston Hotel.A. anB. theC. aD. 不填2. Where is XiaoMing? –He’s having rest over there.A. aB. anC. theD.不填3. Mr. Black didn’t go to work yesterday because he was ill in bed.A. aB. anC. theD.不填4. What fine weather we have these days!A. aB. anC. theD.不填5.I have never been to America.A. aB. anC. theD.不填6. Tomorrow is Teachers’ Day and we’ll make a card for our English teacher.A. aB. anC. theD.不填7. After school we usually play basketball for half an hour on playground.A. the, theB. 不填，不填C.不填，theD. the，不填8. It’s eight o’clock. Have you had breakfast yet?A. aB. anC. theD.不填9. They are going to build a lab for .A. youngB. youngerC. the youngD. youngs10. old man in black has waited for you for half hourA. The, anB. The, aC. An, aD.不填11. There is little in the fridge. Will you go and buy some?A. breadB. noodleC. dumplingD. vegetable12. Help yourself to . –Thanks. Mmm…it tastes good.A. some chickensB. a chickenC. some chickenD. any chicken13. Would you like some tea?—No, thanks. I have drunk two .A. bottle of orangeB. bottles of orangesC. bottles of orangeD. bottle of oranges14. How many are there in the world?A. countryB. countriesC. country’s15. My sister really likes to eat .A. potatoB. potatosC. potatoes16. We took when we were traveling in Guangxi.A. photoesB. photosC. photo17.When autumn comes, of most trees turn yellow and then fall down.A. leafB. leafsC. leaveD. leaves18. Look, there a lot of fish in this river.A. areB. isC. were19. We brush our every day.A. toothB. teethC. tooth’s20. –Where is Mr.Wang? –He has gone to the .A. doctorB. doctor’sC. doctors’21.-- Whose photo is this?--It’s .A. meB. mineC. myD. myself22. We believe you all enjoyed at Kate’s birthday party last night.A. ourselvesB. usC. ours23. Don’t leave Mary by . She is only one year old.A. herB. sheC. herself24. -- is that man? –He is my headmaster.A. WhoB. WhoseC. What25. There are many beautiful flowers on sides of the road.A. eachB. everyC. allD. both26. I’ve read several books, but of them are funny.A. neitherB. eitherC. noneD. all27. There are many big shops on side of the street.A. allB. bothC. anyD. either28. Grandpa Li has three sons. One is in Shanghai, is in Guangzhou and is in Beijing.A. another, anotherB. the other, the otherC. another, the otherD. the other, another29. Is there I can do for you?A. somethingB. anythingC. nothing30. –What kind of job would you like in this company?-- except being a doorkeeper.A. SomeB. NoneC. AnyD. All。
小学英语语法详解--名词
小学英语语法详解名词的分类——专有名词什么是名词？名词是表示人、物、地点、行为、感情以及抽象概念的词。
它可以具体，也可抽象。
一、名词的分类1.名词分为专有名词和普通名词1）专有名词①人名John 约翰Ben 本Linda Li 李琳达Kitty 凯蒂Snow White 白雪公主Harry Potter 哈利•波特②称呼Mr. Brown 布朗先生Mrs. Smith 史密斯夫人Miss Fang 方小姐Grandpa 爷爷③品牌Teddy Bear 泰迪熊④月份January —月February 二月March 三月⑤星期Sunday 周日Monday 周一Tuesday 周二⑥节日Christmas圣诞节Easter复活节the Children's Day 儿童节⑦建筑，公园，车站，路名the Great Wall 长城Yan'an Road 延安路the Century Park 世纪公园Zhongshan Park Station 中山公园站⑧学科，语言Maths数学Music音乐Chinese 中文⑨国家，城市China中国Nanjing 南京Australia澳大利亚Sydney悉尼学习小贴士：专有名词是表示特定的人、地方或事物的词，专有名词的第一个字母要大写！让我们一起看看下面的例子：★Mrs. White goes to the Century Park every Sunday.怀特太太每个周日都要去世纪公园。
★Kitty lives in America but she can speak Chinese.凯蒂生活在美国，但她会说中文。
从上面两句例句中，你找到多少专有名词了呢？小学英语语法详解名词的分类——普通名词什么是名词？名词是表示人、物、地点、行为、感情以及抽象概念的词。
它可以具体，也可抽象。
一、名词的分类1.名词分为专有名词和普通名词2）普通名词①个体名词：表示单个的人和事物car小轿车room房间fan电扇photo照片②集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物的名称people人们family家庭army 军队government 政府group集团③复合名词：两个或两个以上名词连在一起构成的名词。
英语基础语法知识-名词
Neutral nouns can be used as the subject or object of a sentence. For example, "The author wrote a good book" or "I like the director's film".
Neutral noun
Basic English Grammar Knowledge - Nouns
目录
• Types of Nouns • The number of nouns • The case of a noun • The nature of nouns • Usage of Nouns
01
Types of Nouns
Abstract nouns are not capitalized unless they are part of a proper noun.
Specific nouns
Specific nouns are words that represent a specific type or category of things within a larger class or category. They are more specific than common nouns and often have more detailed characteristics or attributes. For example, "Ford" is a specific noun within the larger category of "car."
英语语法大攻克--主谓一致的种类
主谓一致（一）主谓一致的种类1．语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
如：The number of the students present is 200.Jane and Mary look alike.2．意义上一致1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。
如：The crowd were shouting.单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, police, cattle等。
2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。
如：The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称，如physics，politics, economics等。
3．就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
如用连词or，either…or, neither…not, not only…but also 等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
如：Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.（二）主谓一致的应用1．名词作主语1）某些集体名词，如family, team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：His family is a happy one.The whole family are watching TV.这类名词有：audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。
名词population一词的使用情况类似。
“a group(crowd) of +复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调整体，后者强调各个部分。
英语语法--名词
名词名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。
专有名词的首字母要大写。
地名：Asia, the Yellow River, Bond Street, Kensington Gardons;某些抽象事物的名称：Buddhism, Conference月份、周日及节日名称:May, Saturday, Easter, Christmas书名、电影名及诗歌名：Gone with the Wind对家人的称呼：Mum, Dad普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。
普通名词又可分为下面四类：1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun doctor,house,photo2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family class3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air rice,water4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work health,friendship个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。
归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示：名词复数的规则变化其它名词复数的规则变化1）以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。
例如：two Marys the Henrysmonkey---monkeys holiday---holidays2）以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：a. 以元音字母加o结尾或以oo结尾的的加s，如：radio---radios zoo---zoos； kangaroo--kangaroosb. 加es，如：hero—heroes Negro—Negroes potato--potatoes tomato—tomatoesc. 上述a和b两种方法均可，如zero---zeros / zeroes vocano—vocanos/vocanoes。
英语语法体系-9大词法,10大句法
英语语法体系-9大词法,10大句法九大词法：1. 名词（Nouns）：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词汇。
2. 代词（Pronouns）：用来代替名词的词汇，如I, you, he, she, it 等。
3. 形容词（Adjectives）：描述或修饰名词的词汇，如beautiful, smart, happy 等。
4. 副词（Adverbs）：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词汇，如quickly, very, extremely 等。
5. 动词（Verbs）：表示动作或状态的词汇，如run, eat, be 等。
6. 数词（Numerals）：表示数量或顺序的词汇，如one, two, first, second 等。
7. 冠词（Articles）：包括定冠词the 和不定冠词a/an，用于特指或泛指名词。
8. 介词（Prepositions）：表示位置、时间、方向等关系的词汇，如in, on, at, under 等。
9. 连词（Conjunctions）：连接句子或词语的词汇，如and, but, or, so 等。
十大句法：1. 句子（Sentences）：包含一个完整的表达和独立意思的语言单位。
2. 主语（Subjects）：句子中执行动作或被描述的主体。
3. 谓语（Predicates）：描述主语的动作、状态或性质。
4. 宾语（Objects）：动作的接受者或受影响的对象。
5. 状语（Adverbials）：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分。
6. 定语（Attributives）：修饰名词或代词的成分。
7. 同位语（Appositives）：对名词或代词进行进一步解释或说明的成分。
8. 从句（Clauses）：作为句子的一个组成部分，如定语从句、状语从句等。
9. 倒装句（Inversion）：句子成分的语序颠倒，以强调或特殊语法结构。
10. 省略（Ellipsis）：有意省略句子中的某些成分，但不影响理解。
英语语法大攻克--语法网络图
语法网络图一．名词I. 名词的种类：专有名词普通名词国名地名人名，团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。
现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：规则例词1 一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes3 以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives加-s belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs4 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities5 以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys6 以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-es hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes不少外来词加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos两者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8 以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：规则例词1 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice2 单复数相同sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin,3 只有复数形式ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents4 一些集体名词总是用作复数people, police, cattle, staff5 部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government,population, crew, team, public, enemy, party6 复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)7 表示“某国人”加-s Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans 单复数同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-womenEnglishmen, Frenchwomen8 合成名词将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends 无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches将两部分变为复数women singers, men servantsIII. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
英语语法大攻克--英语句子结构
一、英语语句基本结构分析：（一）主谓宾结构：1、主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），数词，动词不定式，动名词等。
主语一般在句首。
注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！eg: The boy comes from America.He made a speech.Tow and tow is four.To be a teacher is my dream.Doing a research is a necessary step of covering a story.2、谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。
谓语可以是不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，eg:We come.Many changes took place in my home town.注（以下这些词是不及物动词：表发生、出现的，如：take place, appear, happen, break out; 表来、去，如：come, go 等）3、宾语：宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等。
除了代词宾格可以作宾语外，名词，动名词，不定式等可以作宾语。
eg：I will do it tomorrow.The boy needs a pen.I like swimming.I like to swim this afternoon.（二）主系表结构：1、主语：同‘主谓宾’结构。
2、谓语：联系动词（Link verb)：be动词（am,is,are,was,were,have been)；其他联系动词如：become成为，turn变成,go变和感官动词如：feel, touch, hear, see 等。
其特点是联系动词与其后的表语没有动宾关系，表语多为形容词或副词，既，不可能是宾语。
3、表语：说明主语的状态、性质、等。
英语语法大攻克--名词 (总结)
第二讲名词 (热度考点总结)（一）名词的主要考点为（1）名词的复数，特别是不规则变化的名词复数形式；（2）不可数名词量的表示方法；（3）名词所有格；（4）名词的主谓一致。
1.名词的种类:名词指表示人或事物的名称。
总的说来名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。
专有名词是个人，地方，机构等专有的名称。
注意这类词的中心词的第一个字母要大写。
常见的专有名词有：国家名称——China, Japan, England, Cuba, Australia, Brazil, France…；语言——Chinese, Japanese, English, French…；人名/地名——Zhou Enlai, Jim, New York, Shanghai…由普通名词构成的专有名词——the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Palace of Museum; the People’s Hospital……2.名词的复数:为方便同学们掌握名词的复数,我总结了一些规则和某些不规则变化的单词如下：(1)以-f/ fe结尾的名词，变f/fe为v再加es.,如：leaf----leaves, thief----thieves, shelf----shelves, knife----knives, half----halves, wife----wives, wolf----wolves, life----lives(例外：roof----roofs, chief----chiefs)(2)以o结尾的一般加-es, 如hero----heroes, tomato----tomatoes, potato----potatoes （可以巧记为：“英雄”喜欢吃“西红柿”和“土豆”）但个别的直接加-s.如：radios, zoos, kilos, photos, videos, bamboos, pianos, kangaroos(zero有两种变法：zeros或zeroes)。
英语语法大攻克--冠词名词考点训练(三)
训练（三）---It is eight-kilometre walk from here.A. the; anB. /; anC. the; aD. /; a (2005) 5. ---What would you like for ~ breakfast, Mr Scott?---Three pieces of bread with ~ cup of black tea, please.A. a; aB. /; theC. a; theD. /; a(三)考点练习：1. There is "x" in word "box".A. a; anB. a; theC. an; theD. a; a2. The house in front of the river is on fire.A ./; / B. the; the C. the; / D./; a3. -- What's the matter with you?-- I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed.A. a; /B. a; theC./; theD. a; a4. My uncle isn't old man, and he likes playing football.A. a; aB. an; anC. the; theD. an; /5. -- What will you do on Christmas Eve?-- We'll have unusual party.A. aB. anC. theD. ]6. Greens are on visit to a beautiful city in China.A./, aB. A; theC. The; aD. The; /7. The zoo is a bit far. It will take us half hour to get there by bus.A. an; aB. an; /C. a; theD./; /8. They went to Yuexiu Park on Children's Day.A./; /B. the; theC./; theD. the; /9. She is'neither European nor American. She is from Australia.A. a; a;/B. a; an; theC. a; an;/D. 1: the; the10. sun is much bigger than earth.A..A; theB. A; anC. The; anD. The; the11. Changjiang River is longest river in our country.A.The; theB. A; aC. The; aD. A; the12. -- What colour is orange?-- It' s orange.A. an; anB. an; theC. an; [D./; an13. Mr Wang always gives me hand when I am in trouble.A. aB. anC. theD. /14. During the summer holidays he played piano in the morning and played football in the afternoon.A. the; theB./; theC. the; /D./; /5. He often says rich should help poor.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD./; /16. This is song I've told you about. Isn't it beautiful one?A. the; theB. a; aC. the; aD. a; the17. We had lunch together moment ago.A. /; aB. a; aC. a; /D. the; the18. I think study is important work.A. aB. /C. anD. the19. Mary was ill in bed, and her mother was sitting on bed by her.A. the; aB. /; theC. the; theD. the; /20. India and China are of same continent.A. /; aB. The; theC. /; /D. /; the名词A. voiceB. soundC. noiseD. singing5. --Help yourself to .--Thanks, Mum; it tastes good.A. some chickensB. a chickenC. some chickenD. any chicken6. Twelve were hurt, but no were lost in that accident.A. person; lifeB. people; livesC. peoples; livesD. persons; life (2002) 7. way it is from Guangzhou to Paris!A. How longB. What a longC. How a longD. What long8. ---You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday afternoon?---I did Christmas shopping.A. a lot ofB. a few ofC. a number ofD. a piece of (2003) 9. wonderful music it is! I like Bethoven's better than anybody's.A. WhatB. ,How aC. What aD. How(2004) 10. --Thanks for giving me I wanted.--You are welcome.A. the informationB. an informationC. the informationsD. information(2005) 11. -- What about Mr. Black's speech?-- Wonderful! There were people there.A. a large number ofB. muchC. a great deal ofD. lots12. -- Did you and your friends ride your bicycles to the beach yesterday afternoon?-- Yeah. we had!A. How a funB. What funC. What a funD. How fun13. This is ~ that all of us believe it's very important.A. such useful informationB. so useful an informationC. so useful informationsD. such a useful information （三）考点练习：1. The people want to have some for supper, so they decide to catch now.A. fishes; muchB. fish; manyC. fish; muchD. fishes; many2. -- Are those ？-- No, they aren' t. They' re .A. sheep; cowsB. sheep; cowC. sheeps; cowD. sheeps; cows3. -- Would you like ?-- Thank you. I'm not thirsty.A. some breadB. some juiceC. any breadD. any .juice4. There is no in the bus so we have to wait for another bus.A. roomB. a roomC. roomsD. seats5. Last night, there was a food accide~at. The were iii, but no were lost.A. child; livesB. children; lifeC. children; livesD. child; life6. -- C/m I help you, sir?-- Yes, I'd like four and some peas.A. tomatosB. potatoesC. meatD. banana7. "I don't think that's a good for parking in the wrong place. You'll have to pay the fine?" said the policeman.A. ideaB. excuseC. reasonD. thought8. -- Who made a phone call for me just now, David?-- I don't know, but it was a girl'sA. soundB. noiseC. answerD. voice9. Please keep quiet. If you make a lot of , you may disturb others.A. soundB. noiseC. singingD. voice10. Paul has been in Guangzhou for over ten years. Guangzhou has become Paul's second .A. homeB. houseC. familyD. mom11.-- Would you like __ coffee?-- No, thanks. I've drunk twoA. any; bottles of orangeB. little; bottle of orangesC. some; bottles of orangeD. a few; bottles of orange12. There are a lot of down there, but hardly anyA. horse; peopleB. horses; peoplesC. horse; peopleD. horses; people13. He had something to write down and asked me for .A. a paperB. some papersC. a piece of paperD. some pieces of papers14. My school is about walk from my home.A. twenty minuteB. twenty minutes'C. twenty minute'sD. twenty minutes15. -- How many do you want?-- Two, please.A. kilos of eggB. kilo of eggsC. kilos of eggsD. kilo of bread16. The market isn't far from here. It's only bicycle ride.A. half an hours'B. half an hour' sC. half an hourD. an hour and a half17. His father gave him a .A. ten dollars billB. ten-dollars billC. ten-dollarbillD. ten dollars' bill18. These are very expensive.A. woman's handbagsB. woman handbagsC. women's handbagsD. women handbags19. There are two and four in our group.A. German; JapaneseB. Germans; JapaneseC. Germen; JapanesesD. Germen; Japanese20. Don't worry. Two will come here to help you.A. man doctorB. man doctorsC. men doctorD. men doctors21.-- Whose is this new desk?-- It's .A. Joe and Mary'sB. Joe's and Mary'sC. Joe's and MaryD. Joe and Mary has22. When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say, my seat was between .A. Ted and BenB. Ted's and BenC. Ted and Ben'sD. Ted's and Ben's23. -- Do you have much work to do this weekend?-- Yes, I have to write a paper.A. two-thousand-wordB. two-thousand-wordsC. two-thousands-wordD. two thousand words24. Jim isn't here. He's gone to the .A. doctorB. doctorsC. doctor'sD. doctors'25. There is nothing new in .A. today newspaperB. newspaper for todayC. today' s newspaperD. newspaper of today' s26. Look! good time the children are having!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a27. -- weather! It' s raining!-- Bad luck! We have to stay at home all day.A. What fineB. How fineC. How badD. What bad28. lucky you were to see YaoMing at the airport!A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a29. The text is very easy for us. There are __ new words in it.A. someB. fewC. manyD. lots of30. Mr Black is an old friend of .A. Peter' s father' sB. Peter' s fatherC. father of PeterD. Peter father's阅读与写作：Mr Hay lives in South Africa. He has sent a letter to the editor of a newspaper about young people today.South Africa DailyLetters to the EditorDear Editor,What is happening to young people today? I worry about the future of our great country if it is in their hands. I see three main problems.1. Young people have too much money.When I was young, I only got a little pocket money. I liked to collect stamps. I didn't have enough money to buy stamps so I asked my neighbours for their old ones. They gave me stamps from many countries and I was really happy. I still have old stamps from France, the Philippines, Spain and even North Korea. But today, young people get far too much pocket money. They buy mobile phones and CDs by terrible rap singers whenever they want. And by next year, they'll want a new phone with the latest features.2. Young people do not help older people.When I was young, I always helped old people. If I saw an old woman with heavy shopping bags, I would help her all the way home. I was shopping in my local supermarket yesterday. I had lots of bags with heavy bottles and cans. There were young people there but none of them wanted to help me. They were too busy looking at shelves full of DVDs. I shouted at them but they just laughed.3. Young people don't care about the past.Young people study history but do they care about it? I saw a group of students with their teachers in a museum last week. When I was young, I didn't need my teacher to take me to a museum. I wanted to go myself. I asked them questions about world history, such as the date World War I started and finished. None of them knew! One girl with pink hair said she would find out at home on the Internet tonight. She should learn history instead of changing her hair colour.Teachers and parents, start teaching our young people and stop giving them too much money.Yours faithfully,Stewart GrumpyⅠ. Circle the correct answer.The editor of a newspaper isa) a writer b) a reporter c) the boss d) a writer and a reporter2. Mr Grumpy thinksa) young people have a lot of money b) neighbours should still give him stampsc) young people should buy stamps d) mobile phones should have the latest features3. If something is in the future, ita) happened b) has happened c) is happening d) will happen4. In the passage, 'ones' refers toa) money b) neighbours c) countries d) stamps5. 'Local' means in youra) neighbourhood b) house c) school d) country6. If something has the 'latest features', ita) is old b) is very newc) looks the same as the old model d) is not for sale yet7. Mr Grumpy shouted at the young people becausea) they like DVDs b) they didn't carry his bagsc) they were too busy d) they didn't want his heavy bottles or cans8. Cans are made ofa) paper b) wood c) metal d) plastic9. Mr Grumpy wants parentsa) to give their children more moneyb) to do nothing for their childrenc) not to give their children a lot of moneyd) teach their children then give them pocket money10. A better title for this passage would bea) 'The Good and Bad of Young People' b) 'What's Wrong Today's Youth?'c) 'Old Man Complains' d) 'No Help with My Shopping' Ⅱ. Reply to Mr Grumpy.Write back to Mr Grumpy. Tell him three ways that young people are good people. e.g. do voluntary work, use the Intemet for study. End with 'Yours faithfully' & name. Dear Editor,In response to Mr Grumpy's letter about young people, I want him to know that we have many good points. Many of us。
英语语法大攻克--名词代词冠词测试题
初三语法基础测试题一.选择题(40分)( ) 1. It takes us _________ hour or more to go to my home town by _________ train.A. an; aB. a; anC. an; /D. a; /( ) 2. Have you seen such big ________?A. a tomatoB. tomatoC. tomatoesD. tomatos( ) 3. Several _________ are talking under the tree. And their ________ are swimming in the lake.A. woman; childrenB. woman; childC. women; childrenD. women; child( ) 4. –What would you like, Madam?–I’d like ________, please.A. two bottles of orangeB. two bottles of orangesC. two bottle of orangesD. two bottle of orange ( )5. The little baby has two ________ already.A. toothB. toothsC. teethD. teeths( ) 6. About _________ films were shown during the 5th Shanghai International Film Festival.A. two hundred ofB. two hundreds ofC. two hundredD. two hundreds( ) 7. Can you see _________ sun in the day-time?A. aB. theC. anD. /( ) 8. The singer usually sings while playing ________ guitar.A. aB. anC. theD. /( ) 9. ________ good news we’re got!A. What aB. How aC. WhatD. How( ) 10. –How soon shall we start the bicycle trip? -- _________.A. In five day’s timeB. In five days timeC. In five days' timeD. For five days( ) 11. ________ went to Japan yesterday.A. The White’sB. The WhitesC. The WhiteD. The White family( ) 12. Look, five _________ are feeding on the hill.A. sheepsB. sheepC. sheepsD. the sheep( ) 13. This tree has green ________ throughout the year.A. leafB. leafsC. leaveD. leaves( ) 14. Look, the police ________ coming.A. isB. wereC. areD. was( ) 15. Writing compositions in English is not ________.A. easy jobB. an easy workC. an easy jobD. the easy work( )16. All the _____teachers and______students are having a meeting there.A. women …girlsB. women… girlC. woman…girlsD. woman…girl( )17. Mr Black is a friend of _________.A. Jack's aunt'sB. Jack's auntC. Jack aunt'sD. aunt's of Jack( )18. This toy was made by a ____ boy.A. ten-year-oldB. ten-years-oldC. ten-year-olderD.ten-years-older( )19. The farmer raised ten _________.A. sheepsB. deersC. horseD. cows( )20. She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_________.1A. her grandmotherB. her grandmother'sC. her grandmothers'D. that of her grandmother ( )21. We'll give our English teacher a card for _________.A. the Teacher's DayB. Teacher's DayC. a Teacher's DayD. Teachers' Day( )22. Li Ping met an old friend of _______on a train yesterday.A. heB. himC. hisD. her( )23. _________are big and bright.A. The classroom windowB. The window of the classroomC. The windows of the classroomD. The classroom's windows( ) 24. _______ of the two girls is from Beijing.A. AllB. BothC. NoneD. Neither( ) 25. I have __________________to tell you.A. something importantB. anything importantC. important somethingD. important anything ( ) 26. There are ________ people in the factory now.A. thousand ofB. two thousandsC. thousands ofD. thousand( ) 27. The man over there is my brother. _______ is a doctor.A. SheB. HeC. HersD. His( ) 28. I have two cats. One is black, and _______ is white.A. anotherB. someC. otherD. the other( ) 29. I’m looking for a babysister (保姆). She must be ________ too old ________ too young.A. neither; norB. both; andC. either; orD. not only; but also( ) 30. –What’s in your car? -- _______.A. No oneB. NothingC. NobodyD. None( ) 31. There are quite a few old books on the shelf, but _______ of them is useful to him.A. bothB. allC. neitherD. none( )32. –Is this short-wave radio _______? --No. it belongs to _______.A. yours; meB. yours; hisC. her; himD. yours; her( )33.We had plenty of paper but______ink.A. a fewB. fewC. not manyD. not much( )34. My car is not so expensive as ________.A. himB. he'sC. heD. his( )35. Lily and Lucy have arrived，but _______students aren't here yet.A. otherB. othersC. the otherD. the others( )36. There are high buildings on ______side of the street.A. bothB. everyC. anyD.either( )37. －What do you usually have for breakfast? －______eggs and ______milk.A Little ... a few B. A little ... a little C. A few ... a little D. A few ... a few( )38. ______ is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.A. SomethingB. AnythingC. NothingD. Everything( )39.Help ____________to the fish, Jim and Simon.A. yourselfB. yourselvesC. himselfD. themselves( )40. Someone is knocking at the door._______must be Tom.A.ThatB. ltC. HeD. This2二.根据句意,用所给单词的正确形式填空.(15分)1.The teacher gave me some _____________(advice)on how to study English.2.How many ___________(mouse)are there in the old house ?3.All the _____________(roof) are covered with snow. Roofs4.There are ten _____________(woman) teachers to be the volunteers.5.I don’t like ________________(chicken),but I like my two____________(chicken).6.The _________(green) were watching TV.7.The visitors are___________(German),we are ____________(China)8.He is a friend of ________________(my sister)9.“I must go out now”, she said to ______________(she).10.Tomorrow is _____________(child) Day.11.He wants to take some ____________(photo)12.Could you show _______(we) a photo ?13.My family _____________(watch) TV now.三.用a/an, the 或/填空.(5分)1.There is ____________ “N” in the word “need”.2.She is ill ,and she is in _________hospital now .3._______ sun rises in the east.4.Sue could play ___________piano.5.He is ___________tallest boy in his class.四.同义句转换.(10分)1.There is nothing in her schoolbag.There ____________ ____________ in her schoolbag.2.Edison taught himself Science.Edison __________________Science ___________ __________.3.The Smiths had a good time last Sunday.The Smiths __________ _____________ last Sunday.4.Jim always gets to school on time.Jim is never ___________ ____________ school.5.What a beautiful girl she is !____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ is !五.完成句子.词数不限.(共10分)1.从我家到学校走路要用10分钟的时间.It ______________ten minutes _________ _______from my home to school.2.保持健康对我们来说是很重要的.It’s important ________ _________ _______ __________ ____________.3.虽然她数学成绩不好，但她仍然很努力地学习。
英语语法大攻克--be动词、人称代词和物主代词名词复数和动词三单
语法及练习1 be动词、人称代词和物主代词名词复数和动词三单、、Be 动词的用法：(1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，复数全用are。
(2) 肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.(3) 一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.用恰当的be动词填空。
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2. The girl______ Jack's sister.3. The dog _______ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5. ______ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.7. How _______ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9. Whose dress ______ this?10. Whose socks ______ they?11. That ______ my red skirt.12. Who ______ I?13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14. Here ______ a scarf for you.15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.19. Some tea ______ in the glass.20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.21. My sister's name ______Nancy.22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.23. ______ David and Helen from England?24. There ______ a girl in the room.25. There ______ some apples on the tree.26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?28. There _______ some bread on the plate.29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.30. You, he and I ______ from China.用am, is, are 填空1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2. The girl______ Jack's sister.3. The dog _______ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5. ______ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.7. How _______ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9. Whose dress ______ this?10. Whose socks ______ they?11. That ______ my red skirt.12. Who ______ I?13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14.Here ______ a scarf for you.15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.19. Some tea ______ in the glass.20. Gao Shan's shirt _______ over there.21. My sister's name ______Nancy.22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.23. ______ David and Helen from England?24. There ______ a girl in the room.25. There ______ some apples on the tree.26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?28. There _______ some bread on the plate.29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.30. You, he and I ______ from China.语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
高考英语语法专攻-《名词性从句》-考点归纳+针对性练习
高中英语语法专攻-《名词性从句》【考点1-引导词】【考点2-主语从句】①定义：主语从句是指在复合句中充当主语的句子，它是名词的拓展，属于主语的第三个表达层次。
所以，主语从句和名词一样通常是出现在谓语动词的前面。
②主语从句的引导词：从属连词：that、whether、if（不可位于句首）连接代词：what, whatever/who, whoever/whom, whomever/whose,whosever/which,whichever连接副词：when, whenever/where,wherever/how, however/whythat引导主语从句（that无含义，在句中不作成分，不可省略）That youth is wholly experimental is known to us all。
众所周知，青春就是探索的岁月。
That she finished reading an English novel surprised us all.她读完了一部全英文小说让我们惊讶That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你赢得奖牌似乎是不可能的。
That he is still alive is a wonder.他还活着，真是奇迹。
That we shall be late is certain.我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。
That she is still alive is a consolation.她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。
Whether引导主语从句（whether有含义“是否”，在句中不作成分，不可省）Whether she will come to the party makes no difference.她来不来参加聚会都没有关系。
It makes no difference whether/if she will come to the party.W hether he is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.他来或不来都不怎么重要It doesn’t matter too much whether he is coming or not.Who,whom, what, which,whose（连接代词）引导主语从句（连接代词有含义，在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分）Who will be the leader of the team has not been decided yet.谁会成为这个队的领头人还没定下来。
英语语法大攻克--名词所有格
名词所有格's结构名词所有格多用于表示有生命的名词的所属关系，此时要用"'s"表示。
但其构成和用法又分为以下六种情形：1.一般情况下，是在单数名词的词尾直接加"'s"。
例如：Jim's football吉姆的足球Kate's cat凯特的猫2.以-s结尾的复数名词，只能在词尾加"'"。
比如：the teachers' chairs老师们的椅子the students'books学生们的书3.不以-s结尾的不规则复数名词，还得在词尾加"'s"。
你看：Children's Day儿童节men's shoes男鞋women's clothes女士服装4.若表示两人各自所有的两个东西，则应在两个名词后面都加上"'s"，且后接复数名词；若表示两人共同所有的一个东西，则只能在后面那个名词后面加上"'s"，且后接单数名词。
请比较：Tom's and Mike's room s汤姆和迈克的房间(两人各有一间，共两间，不是共同拥有) Tom and Mike's room汤姆和迈克的房间(两人共同拥有的一间房间)5.一些表示日期、时间、距离、国家名称的无生命名词，也可加"'s"构成所有格。
请看：a month's time一个月的时间today's new spaper今天的报纸Beijing's spring北京的春天twenty minutes' walk二十分钟的路程the city's parks城市公园6.如果"'s"后的名词是商店、住宅等地点时，后面的名词常常要省略。
英语语法大攻克--主谓一致
主谓一致主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。
例如：Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。
They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。
2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。
Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。
3. 就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。
例如：Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。
There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
二、主谓一致常考题型1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。
例如：The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。
Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。
The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。
2. many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。
例如：Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
高中英语语法篇之名词-精华
名词Noun定义：名词(Noun)是对人、物、地点或者想法等进行命名的一类词语，名词可分为具体名词(Concrete Noun)和抽象名词(Abstract Noun)，也可分为普通名词(common noun)和专有名词(proper noun)。
具体名词是对人、物、地点等我们凭借五官及肢体能够实际感受或者触碰到的以物质形式存在的东西进行命名的一类名词。
Mrs. Jones Paris bookdoctor mountains sports carMaddie home Ferrari抽象名词是对想法、概念或者情感等我们无法用五官及肢体实际感受或触碰到的非物质形式存在的东西进行命名的一类名词。
intelligence angerjustice excitementreligion feartime surprise普通名词是对任何人、物、地点或者想法等有形无形东西的统称，包含了前面说到的具体名词和抽象名词。
普通名词在书写的时候，除非其位于句子开头那么首字母需要大写，否则全部字母皆为小写。
专有名词是对特定的人、物、地点或者想法等有形无形东西的统称，包含了具体名词和抽象名词。
专有名词在书写的时候必须首字母大写。
river Mississippi Rivercar Forddoctor Doctor Jeffersontown Rockledgecandy bar Baby Ruth注意：在复合名词中，如果其为专有名词，那么所有单词的首字母都必须大写。
定义：名词有单数(singular)和复数(plural)之分。
当数量只有一个的时候即为单数；当数量大于一个的时候即为复数。
通常情况下，单数名词变为复数名词，只要在单数名词末尾加上字母s即可，但也有很多不规则名词的变化是在单词末尾加es。
变化规则基于单词末尾的字母，以下表格对其做了分类，以便于我们能够更容易记住它。
以下表格是对独立于以上规则之外的例子所做的分类：提示：看了以上规则后是否感到迷惑不解？掌握单变双规则最简单的方法是记住一些捷径：记住必须在末尾加上es来变为复数的单词；辅音字母加o结尾的单词必须加es；辅音字母加y结尾的单词，把y改为i再加es；舶来词通常在末尾加s。
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（6）以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-es，例如：knife→knives，leaf→leaves, half→halves。
2．--- They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ?
--- Certainly.
A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of water
C. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters
a bottle of orange a glass of water（mБайду номын сангаасlk）a cup of tea
a cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice
如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数，例如：
two cups of tea
four pieces of paper
3．There is some _______ on the plate.
A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears
4．The______ has two _______ .
A. boys; watches B. boy; watch C. boy; watches D. boys; watch
个性化辅导教案
授课时间：
备课时间：
年级：科目：英语
学生姓名:
课题：名词
老师姓名：
教学
目标
重点
难点
教
学
内
容
语法训练：名词
1．可数名词和不可数名词的用法；
一、名词的数
1．单数和复数
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下：
（1）一般情况在词尾加-s，例如：book→books，girl→girls，boy→boys，pen→pens,doctor→doctors, boy→boys。
其他名词：news, falls
2．不可数名词“量”的表示方法
在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下两种方法：
（1）用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少，例如：
The rich man has a lot of money．
There is some milk in the bottle．
Is there any water in the glass？
I don't like winter because there's too much snow and ice．
（2）用a piece of这类定语，例如：
a piece of paper a piece of wood a piece of bread
（7）少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：man→men，woman→women，tooth→teeth，foot→feet，child→children，mouse→mice。
【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women。例如：an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；man, woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：menworkers，women teachers。
（10）还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：trousers，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，ashes，scissors，compasses。
（11）只用作单数的复数形式的名词有：
科学名词：physics, mathematics/maths
游戏名称：bowls
专有名词：the United States, Niagara Falls
有个别名词单复数一样，例如：Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish等。但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时，可以加复数词尾。
（8）单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people, police等。
（9）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式，中间加连字符。例如：ten-minutes’walk, an 8-year-old girl, a ten-mile walk。
three glasses of water
不可数名词也可用a lot of, lots of, some, any, much等来修饰。
一.单项填空
1．What’s your _______ for being late again?
A. idea B. key C. excuse D. news
5．The little baby has two _______ already.
A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths
6．--- It’s dangerous here. We’d better go out quickly.
--- But I think we should let _______ go out first.
（2）以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es，例如：bus→buses，class→classes，box→boxes，watch→watches，brush→brushes。
（3）以ce, se, ze,（d）ge结尾的名词加s，例如：orange—oranges。
（4）以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：city→cities, factory→factories, country→countries, family→families。但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如：boy→boys, day→days。