第六题

生命科学（life science），社会科学(social science)，自然科学(physical science)，人文科学(humanities)Question:ing points and examples from the lecture, explain the main concept or issue of the lecture.ing points and examples for the lecture, describe the mass migrations of people in the nineteenth century, and explain why these migrations occurred.3.unsing points and examples from the the talk, describe the duties of different types of managers in th large hotels. Using points and examples for the lecture, explain how two features of the earth’s surface influence.问题部分：第一句话using points and examples from the lecture.第二句话对讲座内容的精准概括关于模板：1)In this listening material, the professordescribes(explains)+问题第二句话2)在第六题的讲座中，通常教授开始会解释一个概念，强调一个事情或介绍一种现象。

然后会讨论其中一个重要的问题或与其相关的观点。

讲座中会有一些说明性的例子来解释或说明主要观点。

A．区分细节和观点B．做笔记C．时间控制10分钟说出教授观点20至25秒说完每个分论点母题一2009/1/10Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the difference of mental ability between mother mammals and non-mother mammals.Sample Answer:The lecture talks about a comparison between the mental ability of mother mammals and non-mothermammals. Reseachers in the US conducted an experiment to test the difference of mental ability between mother rats and non-mother rats. The rats were forced to find the target food and mother rats turned out to have better memory and made fewer mistakes. Another study found that female primates with offspring have better spatial abilities than those without kids. Scientists concluded that the mental ability of human females would also develop in similar condition. This is against the popular saying that pregnant women are not as smart as other women.Listening Script:Researchers in the US found that on contrary to the popular view that having children would reduce a woman’s brainpower, it actually can improve her lifelong mantal ability. Researchers show that mother animals are supposed to have a relative stronger mental ability than non-mother animals. An experiment was conducted to test this theory. Theresearch was carried out by Dr.Craig Kinsley, professor of Neuroscience at the University of Richmond, Virginia. A group of mother rats and a group of non-mother rats were set into a maze to find out the only way to the food at the end. It turned out that motherrats had a stronger memory, and they did not repeat turns or make mistakes on the way. In addition, they faster than non-mother rats.The researchers also studied primates and compared the brains and skills of females with and without offspring. The study found that females with offsprings were braver: they could find food up to five times more quickly, and they had better spatial ability than those without offsprings. Although most studies like this one are done on animals, said Kinsley, it’s likely that human females would also have similar benefits because the same regions of the brain are used in maternal behaviors.母题二2009/2/14Sample Answer:The lecture illustrates two techniques seabirds have developed to adapt to living in the sea. Albatrosses are famous for their energy-saving techniques: gliding and soaring. With long and slender wings, albatrosses can coast on the wind to lose altitude and borrow the air currents to soar up into the sky. This technique can help albatrosses fly over hundreds of miles of ocean surface without flapping. Another advantage seabirds have is an acute sense of smell. For example, petrel can find their burrows through recognizing their partner’s odor at night, and this helps them effectivwly avoid predators.母题三2009/3/29Sample Answer:The lecture talks about one type of advertisements designed to make consumers remember the name of the product. This type of advertisement would repeat the name again and again on the screen or in thenewspapers. An example to illustrate this strategy is a piece of advertisement promoting a washing machine called “quick machine”. The voiceover screamed the repeatedly and illustrated the name in an eye-catching manner. The reason for doing this is that people are more willing to buy something they remember the best and it is important to combine the name of the product and its advantages together.母题四2009/4/3Sample AnswerThe lecture talks about how maternal care affects the development of offspring and the speaker uses one experiment to illustrate the topic. A research conducted in Monrtreal studied two groups of mother rats. One group demonstrated more intense care for their rat pups, being more likely to lick and groom their young than comparison group. When these young pups became adults, they were made to perform in some tests, for instance, looking for a hidden object in labyrinth. The result is, those ratsreceiving more mother care appeared to be quicker learners and displayed more curiosity than their neglected counterparts. In short, with more mother care in childhood, adult rats have more confidence to face reality.。