2014-06华育国际ECSE三期笔试B卷
2024年上半年英语三级考试真题
2024年上半年英语三级考试真题English: The 2024 English level three exam started off with listening comprehension which was followed by reading and writing. The listening comprehension part had 30 questions in total, with varying degrees of difficulty and covered a wide range of topics from daily routines to academic lectures. The reading section consisted of three passages with 20 multiple-choice questions related to each passage. The passages ranged from literature to science and technology. The writing section had two tasks, an argumentative essay and a letter writing task. The essay was based on a given topic and required the writer to present a balanced and well-supported argument. The letter writing task required the writer to write a formal letter of complaint or appreciation for a specific situation or incident.Translated content: 2024年英语三级考试以听力理解为开端,随后是阅读和写作部分。
贸易岗位招聘笔试题及解答2024年
2024年招聘贸易岗位笔试题及解答(答案在后面)一、单项选择题(本大题有10小题,每小题2分,共20分)1、以下哪项不属于国际贸易的基本方式?A、出口贸易B、进口贸易C、加工贸易D、内贸2、在国际贸易中,以下哪个组织的主要职能是制定和监督全球贸易规则?A、世界银行B、国际货币基金组织(IMF)C、世界贸易组织(WTO)D、国际清算银行(BIS)3、以下哪个不是国际贸易中常见的支付方式?A、电汇(Telegraphic Transfer,简称TT)B、信汇(Mail Transfer,简称MT)C、托收(Collection)D、邮政汇票(Postal Money Order)4、以下关于国际贸易术语解释通则(Incoterms)的说法,正确的是:A、Incoterms只适用于海运和内河运输B、Incoterms适用于所有类型的运输方式C、Incoterms仅适用于货物买卖合同D、Incoterms不适用于运输合同5、以下哪项不属于国际贸易中的支付方式?A、信用证(Letter of Credit, L/C)B、汇款(Remittance)C、托收(Collection)D、期货交易(Futures Trading)6、以下哪个机构主要负责协调和监督国际贸易政策?A、世界贸易组织(World Trade Organization, WTO)B、国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund, IMF)C、世界银行(World Bank)D、联合国贸易和发展会议(United Nations Conference on Trade and Development,UNCTAD)7、在国际贸易中,以下哪个术语指的是卖方必须将货物运至买方指定的地点并承担到达该地点之前的所有费用和风险?A. FOB(Free On Board)B. CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight)C. DDP(Delivered Duty Paid)D. EXW(Ex Works)8、以下哪种货币通常被认为是国际贸易中的“储备货币”?A. 欧元(EUR)B. 日元(JPY)C. 美元(USD)D. 英镑(GBP)9、以下哪项不是国际贸易中常用的支付方式?()A、信用证(Letter of Credit)B、汇款(Remittance)C、托收(Collection)D、直接付款(Direct Payment) 10、在国际贸易中,以下哪种方式不属于风险转移的方式?()A、交货地点转移B、风险承担人转移C、货物所有权转移D、保险责任转移二、多项选择题(本大题有10小题,每小题4分,共40分)1、以下哪些因素是影响国际贸易谈判成功的关键因素?()A、双方的政治关系B、市场供需状况C、贸易壁垒D、文化差异E、国际经济形势2、以下哪些属于国际贸易术语解释通则(Incoterms)中常用的贸易术语?()A、FCA(Free Carrier)B、CIP(Carriage and Insurance Paid to)C、DDP(Delivered Duty Paid)D、EXW(Ex Works)E、FAS(Free Alongside Ship)3、以下哪些行为是国际贸易谈判中常见的策略?()A、利用信息不对称B、设置时间限制C、提供激励措施D、拒绝接受对方的所有条件4、以下哪些因素会影响国际贸易合同的风险?()A、汇率波动B、政治稳定性C、物流成本D、法律和监管环境5、以下哪些是国际贸易中常见的运输方式?()A、空运B、海运C、铁路运输D、公路运输E、邮政运输6、以下关于国际贸易术语解释通则(Incoterms)的说法正确的是?()A、Incoterms是国际商会制定的标准贸易术语B、Incoterms最新版本为Incoterms 2020C、Incoterms规定了买方和卖方在交易中的责任和风险D、Incoterms适用于所有国际贸易合同E、Incoterms的条款可以根据合同双方的具体情况进行调整7、以下哪些因素对于贸易岗位的招聘具有关键性?()A. 良好的语言沟通能力B. 熟悉国际贸易法规C. 具备一定的财务知识D. 良好的团队协作能力E. 对特定行业的深入了解8、以下关于国际贸易合同管理的说法,正确的是()。
2024年6月GESP编程能力认证C++等级考试三级真题试卷(含答案)
2024年6月GESP编程能力认证C++等级考试三级真题试卷(含答案)一、单选题(每题2分,共30分)。
级,那他可以选择的认证语言有()种。
A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 42.下面流程图在yr输入2024时,可以判定yr代表闰年,并输出2月是29天,则图中菱形框中应该填入()。
A. (yr%400==0)||(yr%4==0)B. (yr%400==0)||(yr%4==0 && yr%100!=0)C. (yr%400==0)&&(yr%4==0)D. (yr%400==0)&&(yr%4==0 && yr%100!=0)3.一般默认64位计算机系统中整型变量(int)还是32位,则整数能够表示的数据范围是()。
A. 0~232B. 0~264C. -231~(231)-1D. 263~-(263)-314.下列代码将十进制转化成八进制,则横线上应填入()。
#include <iostream>using namespace std;void decimal2octal(int decimal){int oct_number[100];int i =0;while(decimal > 0){__________________________ //在此处填入代码}for(int j =i - 1;j >=0;j--){cout << oct_number[j];}cout << endl;}A. oct_number[i]=decimal % 8;decimal /=8;B. oct_number[i]=decimal / 8;decimal %/=8;C. oct_number[i++]=decimal % 8;decimal /=8;D. oct_number[i++]=decimal / 8;decimal %=8;5.二进制数101.11对应的十进制数是()。
华育国际结业考试笔试
华育国际结业考试全国统考试卷(笔试)适用对象:一期学员考试范围:计算机文化C语言及程序逻辑网站开发综合技术结构化数据库开发基础试卷种类: A答卷时间:60分钟考场编号:考生姓名:准考证号:(考试结束试卷必须交回,不交回试卷者成绩无效)1、 {计算文化基础题目}计算机硬件系统中最核心的部件是_______。
(选择1项)A.输入设备B.输出设备C.CPU D.RAM2、 {计算文化基础题目}在计算机内一切信息存取、传输都是以_______形式进行的。
(选择1项)A.十进制B.二进制C.ASCII码D.BCD码3、{计算文化基础题目} 下列一组数中最大的数是_________。
(选择1项)A.二进制数11011101 B.八进制数334C.十六进制数DA D.十进制数2194、 {计算文化基础题目}一个完整的计算机系统包括________。
(选择1项)A.系统硬件和系统软件B.硬件系统和软件系统C.主机和外部设备D.主机、键盘、显示器和辅助存储器5、 {计算文化基础题目}计算机存储信息的基本单位是________。
(选择1项)A.位B.字节C.字D.二进制6. {计算文化基础题目}把十进制数215转换成二进制数,结果为。
(选择1项)A. 10010110B. 11011001C. 11101001D. 110101117. {计算文化基础题目}ASCII是。
(选择1项)A.条件码B. 二~十进制编码C. 二进制码D. 美国信息交换标准代码8、{计算文化基础题目}复制选定的文本可用快捷键_____,粘贴文本可用快捷键______.(选择1项)A.Crtl+C B.Ctrl+V C.Ctrl+X D.Ctrl+Z E.Ctrl+Y 9、{计算文化基础题目}做复制操作首先应是_______。
(选择1项)A. 光标定位B.选择文本对象C.Ctrl+CD.Ctrl+V10、{计算文化基础题目}保存幻灯片时默认扩展名是:________。
绵阳三诊英语试题2024
绵阳三诊英语试题2024Mianyang Three Diagnosis English Exam 20241. Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow:Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time. As global temperatures rise, we are seeing more frequent and severe weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, and heatwaves. These events have devastating effects on communities around the world, leading to loss of life, displacement of populations, and destruction of infrastructure.One of the main causes of climate change is the burning of fossil fuels, which releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, leading to a warming of the earth's surface. In order to combat climate change, it is essential that we reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and transition to renewable sources of energy such as solar and wind power.In addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, it is also important to adapt to the changing climate. This includes implementing measures to protect vulnerable communities fromthe impacts of climate change, such as building seawalls to protect against rising sea levels and improving water management to cope with droughts.Question 1: What are some of the effects of climate change mentioned in the passage?Question 2: What is one of the main causes of climate change?Question 3: How can we combat climate change?2. Listening ComprehensionListen to the following audio clip and answer the questions that follow:Audio clip: A: Hi, Sarah. Have you heard about the new recycling program at school?B: No, I haven't. What's it about?A: The school is encouraging students to recycle their plastic bottles and paper waste. They've set up recycling bins in every classroom.B: That's a great initiative. I'll start recycling right away.A: Yeah, it's important that we all do our part to protect the environment.Question 1: What is the new recycling program at school about?Question 2: Where have recycling bins been set up?Question 3: Why is it important to recycle?3. WritingWrite an essay discussing the importance of taking action to combat climate change. In your essay, address the following points:- The potential impacts of climate change on the environment and society- The role of individuals in combating climate change- Strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to a changing climateRemember to use examples and evidence to support your arguments.4. SpeakingPrepare a short presentation on the topic of renewable energy. In your presentation, discuss the following points:- The benefits of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power- The challenges of transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy- Steps that individuals and governments can take to promote the use of renewable energyPractice delivering your presentation in front of a mirror or to a friend.5. VocabularyMatch the following words with their definitions:1. Displacement2. Infrastrucuture3. Seawall4. Drought5. TransitionA. A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall.B. The process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another.C. The action of moving people or things out of a place.D. The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society.E. A wall or embankment built to prevent the sea from eroding or flooding an area.Good luck on your Mianyang Three Diagnosis English Exam 2024!。
2019-2020学年上海民办华育中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海民办华育中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOlder adults who sleep six hours or fewer a night may have elevated risk for dementia(痴呆症) and other cognitive (认知的) issues, a new study finds.Researchers at Stanford University measured seniors' (ages 65 to 85) dementia risk and cognitive abilities, finding higher risk in those patients who regularly slept six or fewer hours compared to those who slept seven or eight hours. Those seniors who slept nine or more hours also had lower cognitive functions and other health issues, but the researchers didn't find the same high dementia risk in this group.The findings demonstrate how important it is for adults to maintain a healthy sleep cycle, especially as they get older.As adults age, it's common for their sleep patterns to change or becomedisrupted— leading to longer, shorter, or more irregular sleep. This disruption may be linked to Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia, impacting seniors' ability to remember information, problem-solve, and go through everyday behaviors. Sleep disruption can also be caused by or heighten depression, cardiovascular disease(冠心病), and other conditions.A recommended sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours, the researchers said. Six or fewer hours corresponded to short sleep, while nine or more hours corresponded to long sleep.The Stanford researchers measured levels of beta amyloid, a protein in the brain that is typically found in high levels when a patient develops Alzheimer's. In addition, the researchers used several tests for memory, attention, spatial skills, and executive function to identify patients' cognitive abilities. Those patients sleeping for six hours or fewer a night were more likely to develop dementia, the researchers found. The low-sleep patients had higher levels of beta amyloid.The Stanford researchers found that patients with lower sleep also performed worse on memory tests, while those with higher sleep (more hours) performed worse on executive function tests,which measure the brain's ability to switch between different tasks.―The main takeaway is that it is important to maintain healthy sleep late in life, Winer told CNN.1. What does the underlined word “disrupted” in paragraph 4 mean?A. difficultB. disorderedC. dissolvedD. different2. According to the findings, which of the following is NOT related to the disrupted sleep?A. It is more likely to cause old people to have bad memories over issues.B. It may contribute to dementia, cardiovascular disease and other illnesses.C. Some daily behaviors perhaps differ from those whose sleeping is normal.D It tends to bring all the old people to undergo brain scans and cognitive tests.3. What can we infer from the study?A. A proper sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours.B. Low and high sleep patients were both poor at memory tests.C. Executive function test is applied to measure the capacity of brain.D. Keeping a healthy sleep for older adults late in life is crucial.BI don’t want to talk about being a woman scientistagain. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement — jobs, research papers, awards — was viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations (挑衅): I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45.I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And Idon’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.4. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination (歧视).B. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D. She finds space research more important.5. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute (把……归因于) the author’s failures to ________.A. the burden she bears in a male-dominated societyB. her involvement in gender politicsC. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistD. the very fact that she is a woman6. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C. People’s fixed attitude toward female scientists.D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.7. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A. Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.B. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.C. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.CIn 2002, young Elon Musk tried unsuccessfully to buy Russian rockets to help him send mice to Mars and back. Afterwards, the youngmillionaire decided to build his own rockets.Musk went to Southern California and started hiring people to help bring his dream to life. In a very short time, and despite some failures, his company SpaceX launched Falcon 1, the first successful privately-built liquid fuel rocket, into Earth's orbit in 2008.As the first Falcon rocket began testing, development was already underway for the Falcon 9. This muchlarger rocket, which uses nine engines to lift heavy payloads(有效载荷)into orbit, is engineered to return to Earth, ready to be reused for another flight.For Musk, space is the final destination. To help people get there, his company Neuralink is developing devices that will link people's brains with computers. A similar device has been developed at the University of Utah. It consists of a chip(芯片)with 256 threads(线程)that is placed between a person's skin and brain. The threads attach directly to brain tissue(脑组织).Patients who have the device are able to use only their minds to communicate with one another through computers.Neuralink's chips will have about 1,000 threads. A robot developed by the company will place up to ten chips under a person's skin. The chips will communicate without wires but with a tiny device that will be worn behind the person's ear. That device, in turn, will communicate with computers. The primary market for the technology will be for people that, because of injuries or birth defects, cannot control their hands and arms. With Neuralink^ product, they'll be able to mentally command a computer to type messages for them or carry out other tasks.8. According to this article, what was the first Falcon 1 able to do?A. Launch big satellites.B. Reach distant moons.C. Move around our planet.D. Study the universe.9. What does the article explain about Neuralink's chips?A. How they'll be set up.B. What safety features they'll have.C. How much money they'll earn.D. Where they'll be produced.10. According to this article, who is Neuralink going to market its product to first?A. Those who own great wealth.B. Those who are physically disabled.C. Those who travel internationally.D. Those who do research on plants.11. In which publication is this article most likely to appear?A. The Journal of Environmental Studies.B. Advances in Business and Technology.C. Digest of Fashion and Entertainment News,D. Consumer's Guide to Outdoor Recreation.DA new study suggests drinking coffee as soon as someone wakes up from a poor night’s sleep greatly affectsmetabolism(新陈代谢) and blood sugar control.In the study, published in theBritish Journal of Nutrition, UK researchers let 29 healthy men and women take part in three different overnight experiments. In the first two scenes, participants were given a sugary drink uponwaking—first from a normal night’s sleep, and then again after a poor night’s sleep during which they were woken up for five minutes every hour. In the third, their sleep was similarly disrupted, but they were given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.Blood samples from participants were taken following the sugary drink, which mirrored the calories of a typical breakfast, in each experiment. Results showed that one night of disrupted sleep did not worsen the participants’ blood sugar responses at breakfast when compared to a normal night of sleep. However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast increased the blood sugar response by around 50 percent.By drinking such kind of drink after breakfast, UK researchers found that our bodies’ ability to break down our food healthily is completely improved. Examining the effects of broken sleep and morning coffee across a range of different metabolic markers, scientists at the University of Bath found that, while one night of poor sleep had a limited effect on metabolism, drinking coffee before breakfast could have a negative effect on blood sugar control.“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee—the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee is. This simple study is important and has far-reaching health influences, and it indeed moves some coffee drinkers’ heartstrings. As up to now we have had limited knowledge about what this is doing to our bodies, in particular for our metabolic and blood sugar control, so we have a long way to go.” said Professor James Betts, co-director of the Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism at the University of Bath.12. How did UK researchers get the result of the experiment?A. By making comparisons.B. By consulting journals.C. By questionnaire.D. By assumption.13. What can we learn from the experiment?A. One night of poor sleep surely affects blood sugar.B. Drinking coffee after breakfast does harm to health.C. Having strong drinks has a good effect on metabolism.D. Drinking coffee at different time has different effects on health.14. What does James Betts think of the study?A. It makes no sense.B. It remains to be continued.C. It is limited and blind.D. It is particular and explicit.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. How Much Coffee to Drink MattersB. Does Coffee Really Wake Up an Appetite?C. How Does Drinking Coffee Affect One’s Sleep?D. Drinking Coffee before Breakfast Harms Metabolism第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
山东省聊城市华育学校2024学年高三三校联考英语试题试卷含解析
山东省聊城市华育学校2024学年高三三校联考英语试题试卷注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。
2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试题卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)1.Students are always interested in finding out _______ they can go with a new teacher.A.how far B.how soon C.how often D.how long2.In April,2009,President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao,____ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A.marking B.markedC.having marked D.being marked3.Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _________ their education that causes misunderstanding.A.like B.as C.or D.but4.The Party could have stated ______ their policy was on this matter, but the voters only received a very dusty answer. A.why B.when C.whether D.what5.You can use a large plastics bottle, _________ cut off, as a plot to grow flowers in.A.with its top B.the top of whichC.whose top D.its top is6.Thanks to Mrs Smith, the father and the son eventually ______after ten years’ cold relationship between them. A.took up B.picked up C.made up D.turned up7.Kimberly ______ an article, so don’t disturb her.A.would write B.writes C.wrote D.is writing8.— Lucy, could you please spare me a few minutes?一, but I hope “a few minutes”, won’t turn into an hour.A.It doesn’t matter B.That's kind of youC.I’m afraid not D.I guess so9.The earthquake in Japan, measuring 9.0 on the Richter Scale, was so violent _______ cause a series of explosions of the nuclear reactors in several power stations.A.to B.that C.as to D.as that10.-My computer doesn't work!-Robert is a computer expert. How I wish he______ with me.A.came B.had comeC.is coming D.has come11.. Jenny was sad over the loss of the photos she shot in Canada, _________ this was a memory she especially treasured.A.if B.when C.as D.where12.Parents often tell their children that they __________ take candy from strangers.A.needn't B.wouldn't C.shouldn't D.daren't13.—What do you think of your journey to Yunnan?—Everything is very fantastic,especially its fresh air.It is pleasant ________.A.breathed B.being breathedC.to be breathed D.to breathe14._______ it is so hot, I guess we can’t do anything until after dark.A.In case B.Now that C.Even if D.As though15.Many writers are drawn to building a world, _____ readers are somewhat familiar with but also feel distant from our normal lives.A.it B.one C.that D.the one16.It is through years of research ________ scientists have discovered the relationship between social media addiction and depression.A.since B.before C.that D.when17.All the dishes in this menu,_____ otherwise stated,will serve two to three people.A.as B.if C.though D.unless18.Tom’s score on the test is the highest in the class. He _____.A.should study last nightB.should have studied last nightC.must have studied last nightD.must study last night19.He started school the same day as I did and________to it like a duck to water.A.appealed B.tookC.catered D.saw20.— Cathy, in my opinion, is very ________.— Absolutely! She prefers home life to going out.A.domestic B.energeticC.dynamic D.enthusiastic第二部分阅读理解(满分40分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
上海华育中学高中数学选修2-3第三章《统计案例》测试卷(含答案解析)
一、选择题1.下列命题中正确的个数( )①“0x ∀>,2sin x x >”的否定是“00x ∃≤,002sin x x ≤”;②用相关系数r 可以刻画回归的拟合效果,2r 值越小说明模型的拟合效果越好;③命题“若0a b >>,则0>”的逆命题为真命题;④若()22130mx m x m -+++≥的解集为R ,则m 1≥.A .0B .1C .2D .32.某商场为了了解不同厂家生产的散装面包的月销售量y (千克)与售价x (元/千克)之间的关系,随机统计了某几个月的月销售量与当月各散装面包的售价,相关数据如下表:由表中数据算出线性回归方程为 3.1ˆˆyx a =-+,则样本在()18180,处的残差为( ) A .0B .1.4C .2D .2.13.下列关于回归分析与独立性检验的说法正确的是() A .回归分析和独立性检验没有什么区别;B .回归分析是对两个变量准确关系的分析,而独立性检验是分析两个变量之间的不确定性关系;C .独立性检验可以100%确定两个变量之间是否具有某种关系.D .回归分析研究两个变量之间的相关关系,独立性检验是对两个变量是否具有某种关系的一种检验;4.某商品销售量y (件)与销售价格x (元/件)负相关,则其回归方程可能是A .10200ˆyx =-+ B .10200ˆyx =+ C .10200ˆyx =-- D .10200ˆyx =- 5.为了解高中生作文成绩与课外阅读量之间的关系,某研究机构随机抽取了60名高中生,通过问卷调查,得到以下数据:由以上数据,计算得到K 2的观测值k ≈9.643,根据临界值表,以下说法正确的是( ) A .没有充足的理由认为课外阅读量大与作文成绩优秀有关 B .有0.5%的把握认为课外阅读量大与作文成绩优秀有关 C .有99.9%的把握认为课外阅读量大与作文成绩优秀有关 D .有99.5%的把握认为课外阅读量大与作文成绩优秀有关6.近年来,由于大学生不理智消费导致财务方面的新闻层出不穷,无力偿还校园贷,跳楼自杀也偶有发生,一时间人们对大学生的消费观充满了质疑.为进一步了解大学生的消费情况,对S 城某大学的10000名(其中男生6000名,女生4000名)在校本科生,按性别采用分层抽样的方式抽取了1000名学生进行了问卷调查,其中有一项是针对大学生每月的消费金额进行调查统计,通过整理得如图所示的频率分布直方图.已知在抽取的学生中,月消费金额超过2000元的女生有150人.根据上述数据和频率分布直方图,判断下列说法正确的是( )参考数据与参考公式:003 1.732,sin150.258,sin7.50.1305=≈≈.A .月消费金额超过2000元的女生人数少于男生人数B .所调查的同学中月消费金额不超过500元的共有4人C .样本数据的中位数约为1750元D .在犯错的概率不超过0.1%的情况下认为月消费金额在2000元以上的大学生与性别有关 7.某中学采取分层抽样的方法从高二学生中按照性别抽出20名学生,其选报文科、理科的情况如下表所示,参考公式和数据:22()()()()()n ad bcKa cb d a bc d-=++++,其中n a b c d=+++.则以下判断正确的是A.至少有97.5%的把握认为学生选报文理科与性别有关B.至多有97.5%的把握认为学生选报文理科与性别有关C.至少有95%的把握认为学生选报文理科与性别有关D.至多有95%的把握认为学生选报文理科与性别有关8.为了检验设备M与设备N的生产效率,研究人员作出统计,得到如下表所示的结果,则()附:参考公式:22()()()()()n ad bcKa b c d a c b d-=++++,其中n a b c d=+++.A.有90%的把握认为生产的产品质量与设备的选择具有相关性B.没有90%的把握认为生产的产品质量与设备的选择具有相关性C .可以在犯错误的概率不超过0.01的前提下认为生产的产品质量与设备的选择具有相关性D .不能在犯错误的概率不超过0.1的前提下认为生产的产品质量与设备的选择具有相关性 9.在独立性检验中,统计量2χ有三个临界值:2.706、3.841和6.635,在一项打鼾与患心脏病的调查中,共调查了1000人,经计算的2χ=18.87,根据这一数据分析,认为打鼾与患心脏病之间 ( )A .有95%的把握认为两者无关B .约有95%的打鼾者患心脏病C .有99%的把握认为两者有关D .约有99%的打鼾者患心脏病10.有人发现,多看电视容易使人变冷漠,下表是一个调查机构对此现象的调查结果:冷漠 不冷漠 总计 多看电视 68 42 110 少看电视 20 38 58 总计8880168则认为多看电视与人冷漠有关系的把握大约为( ) 附:K 2=. P (K 2≥k 0) 0.10 0.05 0.025 0.010 0.005 0.001 k 02.7063.8415.0246.6357.87910.828A .99%B .97.5%C .95%D .90%11.下列说法中正确的是①相关系数r 用来衡量两个变量之间线性关系的强弱, r 越接近于1,相关性越弱; ②回归直线y bx a =+一定经过样本点的中心(),x y ; ③随机误差e 的方差()D e 的大小是用来衡量预报的精确度;④相关指数2R 用来刻画回归的效果, 2R 越小,说明模型的拟合效果越好.( ) A .①②B .③④C .①④D .②③12.某商场为了解毛衣的月销售量y (件)与月平均气温()x C 之间的关系,随机统计了某4个月的月销售量与当月平均气温,其数据如下表: 月平均气温()xC17 1382月销售量y (件)24 33 40 55由表中数据算出线性回归方程ˆybx a =+中的2b =-,气象部门預测下个月的平均气温约为6C ,据此估计该商场下个月毛衣销售量约为( )件. A .46B .40C .38D .58二、填空题13.如图所示是世界20个地区受教育程度的人口百分比与人均收入的散点图,样本点基本集中在一个条型区域,因此两个变量呈线性相关关系.利用散点图中的数据建立的回归方程为ˆ 3.19388.193yx =+,若受教育的人口百分比相差10%,则其人均收入相差_________.14.下列说法:①将一组数据中的每个数据都加上或减去同一个常数后,方差恒不变;②设有一个回归方程=3-5x ,变量x 增加一个单位时,y 平均增加5个单位;③线性回归方程=x +必过(,);④曲线上的点与该点的坐标之间具有相关关系;⑤在一个2×2列联表中,由计算得K 2=13.079,则其两个变量之间有关系的可能性是90%.其中错误的个数是________.15.若有一组数据的总偏差平方和为100,相关指数2R =0.75,则其残差平方和为_______.16.已知下列表格所示数据的回归直线方程为 y =" 3.8x" + a , 则a 的值为__________.17.炼钢时,通过加入有特定化学元素的材料,使炼出的钢满足一定的指标要求,假设为了炼出某特定用途的钢,每吨需要加入某元素的量在500g 到1000g 之间,用0.618法安排实验,则第二次试点加入量可以是____g . 18.下列说法:①分类变量A 与B 的随机变量2K 越大,说明“A 与B 有关系”的可信度越大.②以模型kx y ce =去拟合一组数据时,为了求出回归方程,设ln z y =,将其变换后得到线性方程0.34z x =+,则,c k 的值分别是4e 和0.3.③根据具有线性相关关系的两个变量的统计数据所得的回归直线方程为y a bx =+中,1,1,3b x y ===则1a =.正确的序号是________________.19.某大学餐饮中心为了解新生的饮食习惯,在全校一年级学生中进行了抽样调查,调查结果如下表所示:根据表中数据,问是否有95%的把握认为“南方学生和北方学生在选用甜品的饮食习惯方面有差异”__________.(填有或没有)附:()()()()()22n ad bc K a b c d a c b d -=++++20.为了了解司机开车时礼让斑马线行人的情况,交警部门调查了100名机动车司机,得到以下统计数据:若以2χ为统计量进行独立性检验,则2χ的值是__________.(结果保留2位小数) 参考公式()1122122121212n n n n n n n n n χ++++-=三、解答题21.某科研小组为了验证一种治疗新冠肺炎的新药的效果,选60名患者服药一段时间后,记录了这些患者的生理指标x 和y 的数据,并统计得到如下的22⨯列联表(不完整):在生理指标 1.8x >的人中,设A 组为生理指标65y ≤的人,B 组为生理指标65y >的人,将他们服用这种药物后的康复时间(单位:天)记录如下: A 组:10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,19. B 组:12,13,14,15,16,17,20,21,25.(1)填写上表,并判断是否有95%95%的把握认为患者的两项生理指标x 和y 有关系; (2)从A ,B 两组人中随机各选1人,A 组选出的人记为甲,B 组选出的人记为乙,求乙的康复时间比甲的康复时间长的概率.附:22()()()()()n ad bc K a b c d a c b d -=++++,其中n a b c d =+++.)20k0.250 1.32322.2020年3月,因为新冠肺炎疫情的影响,我市全体学生只能在网上在线学习,为了研究学生在线学习情况,市教研院数学学科随机从市区各高中学校抽取120名学生对线上教学情况进行调查(其中,男生与女生的人数之比为3:1),结果发现:男生中有40名对于线上教学满意,女生中有10名表示对于线上教学不满意.(1)请完成如表2×2列联表,并回答能否有95%的把握认为对“线上教学是否满意与性别有关”;(2)采用分层抽样的方法,从被调查的对线上教学满意的学生中,抽取6名学生,再从这6名学生中抽取2名学生,作线上学习的经验介绍,求所选取的2名学生性别不同的概率.附:参考公式及临界值表()()()()()22n ad bc K a b c d a c b d -=++++,其中n a b c d =+++23.某足球运动员进行射门训练,若打进球门算成功,否则算失败.已知某天该球员射门成功次数与射门距离的统计数据如下:(1)请问是否有90%的把握认为该球员射门成功与射门距离是否超过30米有关?参考公式及数据:22(),()()()()n ad bc K n a b c d a b c d a c b d -==+++++++.(2)当该球员距离球门30米射门时,设射门角(射门点与球场底线中点的连线和底线所成的锐角或直角)为([0,])2πθθ∈,其射门成功率为2+3()cos sin 4f θθθθθ=+⋅-,求该球员射门成功率最高时射门角θ的值.24.某大学读书协会为了解本校大学生网上阅读与传统纸质阅读的情况,调查了该大学1000名大学生(男、女各占一半),就偏向网上阅读和偏向传统纸质阅读的情况做了调查记录.记录显示,偏向网上阅读的男大学生比偏向传统纸质阅读的男大学生多300人,这1000名大学生中,偏向传统纸质阅读的大学生共有400人.(1)根据题意,完成下列2×2列联表;阅读方式性别偏向网上阅读偏向传统纸质阅读总计男女总计1000(2)根据列联表,判断能否有99.9%的把握认为该大学的大学生的阅读方式与性别有关,说明你的理由.附:22(-)()()()()n ad bcKa b c d a c b d=++++(n=a+b+c+d).P(K2≥k)0.0500.0100.001k3.8416.63510.82825.某公司(人数众多)为鼓励员工利用网络进行营销,准备为员工办理手机流量套餐.为了解员工手机流量使用情况,按照男员工和女员工1:3的比例分层抽样,得到200名员工的月使用流量L(单位:M)的数据,其频率分布直方图如图所示.求a的值,并估计这200名员工月使用流量的平均值x(同一组中的数据用中点值代表);(2)若将月使用流量在800M以上(含800M)的员工称为“手机营销达人”,填写下面的22⨯列联表,能否有超过0095的把握认为“成为手机营销达人与员工的性别有关”;男员工女员工合计手机营销达人5(3)若这200名员工中有2名男员工每月使用流量在[]900,1000,从每月使用流量在[]900,1000的员工中随机抽取名3进行问卷调查,记女员工的人数为X,求X的分布列和数学期望.参考公式及数据:()()()()()22n ab bcKa b c d a c b d-=++++,其中n a b c d=+++.26.某大学的一个社会实践调查小组,在对大学生就餐“光盘习惯”的调查中,随机发放了120份调查问卷.对收回的100份有效问卷进行统计,得到如下22⨯列联表:(1)求表中x,y的值;(2)若在犯错误的概率不超过P的前提下认为良好“光盘习惯”与性别有关,那么根据临界值表,最精确的P的值应为多少?请说明理由.附:独立性检验统计量22()()()()()n ad bcKa b c d a c b d-=++++,其中n a b c d=+++.【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题 1.C 解析:C 【分析】写出全称命题的否定判断①;由相关指数的大小与拟合效果的关系判断②;由不等式的性质判断③;由22(1)30mx m x m -+++的解集为R 求得m 的范围判断④. 【详解】解:对于①,“0x ∀>,2sin x x >”的否定是“00x ∃>,002sin x x ”,故①错误;对于②,用相关指数r 可以刻画回归的拟合效果,2r 值越大说明模型的拟合效果越好,故②错误;对于③,命题“若0a b >>0>>”的逆命题为“0>,则0a b >>”,是真命题,故③正确;对于④,当0m =时,22(1)30mx m x m -+++化为230x -+,解得32x,不合题意; 当0m ≠时,要使22(1)30mx m x m -+++的解集为R ,则24(1)4(3)0m m m m >⎧⎨+-+⎩,解得1m .∴若22(1)30mx m x m -+++的解集为R ,则1m .故④为真命题.∴正确命题的个数是2个.故选:C . 【点睛】本题考查命题的真假判断与应用,考查命题的真假判断与命题的否定,训练了一元二次不等式的解法,属于中档题.2.B解析:B 【分析】根据表中的数据求出(),x y ,利用回归直线方程经过样本中心点(),x y 求出ˆa ,把18x = 代入回归直线方程求出ˆy,利用残差的定义ˆy y -即可求解. 【详解】由表格得(),x y 为()24,160 ,又回归直线方程 3.1ˆˆyx a =-+经过样本中心点(),x y ,所以160 3.124ˆa=-⨯+,解得ˆ234.4a =, 所以回归直线方程为 3.123.4ˆ4yx =-+, 把18x = 代入回归直线方程可得,ˆ178.6y=, 故样本在()18180, 处的残差为180178.6 1.4-=. 故选:B 【点睛】本题考查回归直线方程经过样本中心点和利用回归直线方程求某点处的残差;考查运算求解能力;熟练掌握回归直线方程经过样本中心点和残差的定义是求解本题的关键;属于中档题.3.D解析:D 【分析】根据题意可知,利用回归分析和独立性检验的定义,排除错误选项,即可求解出答案. 【详解】回归分析是指将具有相关关系的两个变量之间的数量关系进行测定,通过建立数学表达式进行统计估计和预测的统计研究方法.独立性检验是对两个变量之间是否具有某种关系的分析,并且可以分析这两个变量在多大程度上具有这种关系,但不能100%肯定这种关系.根据以上定义,可知A 、B 、C 均错误,故答案选D . 【点睛】本题主要考查了回归分析与独立性检验的定义的区别.4.A解析:A 【解析】试题分析:因为商品销售量x 与销售价格ˆy负相关,所以排除B ,D 选项, 将0x =代入10200ˆyx =--可得2000ˆy =-<,不符合实际.故A 正确. 考点:线性回归方程.【方法点睛】本题主要考查线性回归方程,属容易题.线性回归方程ˆˆˆy bx a =+当ˆ0b<时ˆ,x y 负相关;当ˆ0b >时ˆ,x y 正相关. 5.D解析:D 【解析】 【分析】由题意结合独立性检验的结论和临界值表给出结论即可. 【详解】根据临界值表,9.643>7.879,在犯错误的概率不超过0.005的前提下,认为课外阅读量大与作文成绩优秀有关, 即有99.5%的把握认为课外阅读量大与作文成绩优秀有关.本题选择D选项.【点睛】本题主要考查独立性检验的思想及其应用等知识,意在考查学生的转化能力和计算求解能力.6.D解析:D【解析】分析:由题意首先求得a的值,然后结合分层抽样的定义和独立性检验的结论逐一考查所给选项是否正确即可.详解:由直方图知,(0.004+0.013+0.014+a+0.027+0.039+0.08)×5=1,解得a=0.023,故月消费金额超过2000元的大学生人数为(0.023+0.014+0.013)×5×1000=250人,由分层抽样知,男生、女生抽样的人数分别为600人和400人,由题知,月消费金额超过2000元的男生人数为100人,故A选项错误;月消费金额不超过500元的人数为0.004×5×1000=20人,故选项B错误;又由频率分布直方图知,当消费金额小于1750元时,频率为(0.004+0.027+0.039)×5+0.08×5×12=0.55>0.5.选项C错误;由条件可以列出列联表:故K2的观测值()()()()()50010.8289n ad bcka b c d a c b d-==>++++,所以在犯错的概率不超过0.1%的情况下可以判断月消费金额在2000元以上的大学生与性别有关.本题选择D选项.点睛:解决频率分布直方图的问题,关键在于找出图中数据之间的联系.这些数据中,比较明显的有组距、频率组距,间接的有频率、小长方形的面积,合理使用这些数据,再结合两个等量关系:小长方形面积=组距×频率组距=频率,小长方形面积之和等于1,即频率之和等于1,就可以解决直方图的有关问题.7.C解析:C【解析】由题易得22⨯列联表如下:则2K 的观测值为()22023510 4.432 3.841128713k ⨯⨯-⨯=≈>⨯⨯⨯,所以至少有95%的把握认为学生选报文理科与性别有关,故选:C .【解题必备】(1)独立性检验是对两个分类变量有关系的可信程度的判断,而不是对其是否有关系的判断.独立性检验的结论只能是有多大的把握认为两个分类变量有关系,而不能是两个分类变量一定有关系或没有关系.(2)列联表中的数据是样本数据,它只是总体的代表,具有随机性,因此,需要用独立性检验的方法确认所得结论在多大程度上适用于总体.即独立性检验得出的结论是带有概率性质的,只能说结论成立的概率有多大,而不能完全肯定一个结论,因此才出现了临界值表,在分析问题时一定要注意这点,不可对某个问题下确定性结论,否则就可能对统计计算的结果作出错误的解释. (3)独立性检验的具体做法:①根据实际问题的需要确定容许推断“两个分类变量有关系”犯错误概率的上界α, 然后查下表确定临界值0k ; ②利用公式()()()()()22n ad bc K a c b d a b c d -=++++,计算随机变量2K 的观测值k ;③如果0k k ≥,就推断“X 与Y 有关系”,这种推断犯错误的概率不超过α;否则,就认为在犯错误的概率不超过α的前提下不能推断“X 与Y 有关系”,或者在样本数据中没有发现足够证据支持结论“X 与Y 有关系”.说明:通常认为 2.706k ≤时,样本数据就没有充分的证据显示“X 与Y 有关系”.8.A解析:A 【解析】将表中的数据代入公式,计算得22100(487243) 3.0535050919K ⨯⨯-⨯=≈⨯⨯⨯,∵3.053 2.706>,∴有90%的把握认为生产的产品质量与设备的选择具有相关性,故选A .9.C解析:C 【解析】因为统计量2χ有三个临界值:2.706、3.841和6.635,而2χ=18.87>6.635,所以有99%的把握认为两者有关,选C.10.A解析:A 【解析】由公式可计算得K 2≈11.377>6.635.故选A.点睛:(1)独立性检验的关键是正确列出2×2列联表,并计算出K 2的值.(2)独立性检验是对两个变量有关系的可信程度的判断,而不是对它们是否有关系的判断.11.D解析:D 【解析】①相关系数r 用来衡量两个变量之间线性关系的强弱,r 越接近于1,则相关性越强,所以错误;②回归直线y bx a =+一定经过样本点的中心(),x y ,正确; ③随机误差e 的方差()D e 的大小是用来衡量预报的精确度,正确;④相关指数2R 用来刻画回归的效果,2R 越小,说明模型的拟合效果越不好,所以错误. 所以正确的有②③.故选D .12.A解析:A 【解析】试题分析:根据题意,样本中心点的坐标为()10,38,所以38210,58a a =-⨯+∴=,因此回归直线方程为2ˆ58yx =-+,所以当6x =时,估计该商场下个月毛衣销售量约为26ˆ5846y=-⨯+=,故选A. 考点:回归直线方程.二、填空题13.93美元【分析】设所受教育百分比分别为且利用回归方程计算即可【详解】设所受教育百分比分别为且根据回归方程为收入相差大约为:即受教育的人口百分比相差则其人均收入相差约美元故答案为:3193美元【点睛】解析:93美元 【分析】设所受教育百分比分别为%,%a b ,且10a b -=,利用回归方程计算即可. 【详解】设所受教育百分比分别为%,%a b ,且10a b -=根据回归方程为 3.19388.193y x ∧=+, 收入相差大约为:()3.19388.193 3.19388.193 3.1931031.93a b ⨯+-⨯+=⨯=,即受教育的人口百分比相差10%,则其人均收入相差约31.93美元. 故答案为:31.93美元. 【点睛】本题考查了线性回归方程的应用问题,属于中档题.14.3【解析】【分析】逐一分析各个说法即可得到结论【详解】由方差的性质知:方差反映一组数据的波动大小将一组数据中的每个数据都加上或者减去同一个常数后方差恒不变①正确;一个回归方程=3-5x 变量x 增加一个解析:3 【解析】 【分析】逐一分析各个说法即可得到结论 【详解】由方差的性质知:方差反映一组数据的波动大小,将一组数据中的每个数据都加上或者减去同一个常数后,方差恒不变,①正确;一个回归方程ˆy=3-5x ,变量x 增加一个单位时,y 平均减少5个单位,②错误 线性回归方程必过样本中心点,③正确;曲线上的点与该点的坐标之间具有一一对应关系④错误.在一个2×2列联表中,由计算得K 2=13.079,则其两个变量之间有关系的可能性是99.90%,故⑤错误综上所述,其中错误的个数是3个 故答案为3 【点睛】本题主要考查了线性回归方程,考查了独立性检验,考查了方差的变化特点,考查了相关关系,是一道考查的知识点比较多的题目,综合性较强,注意分析,本题不需要计算,只要理解概念即可得到结论15.25【解析】因为数据的总偏差平方和为相关指数故答案为解析:25 【解析】因为数据的总偏差平方和为100,相关指数20.75R =,()221100,0.75ni ii y y R =∴-==∑,()()2110.7510025ni ii y y =∴-=-⨯=∑,故答案为25.16.【解析】试题分析:因为回归直线方程恒过点则代入得考点:回归直线方程解析:242.8a =【解析】试题分析:因为回归直线方程恒过点(),x y ,则234562512542572622664,25855x y ++++++++====,代入 3.8?y x a =+, 得258 3.84?242.8a a =⨯+⇒= 考点:回归直线方程17.【分析】由题意知试验范围为区间长度为故可利用黄金分割法(法)选取试点进行计算【详解】由题意知试验范围为可得区间长度为用法安排试验则第二次试点加入量可以是故答案为【点睛】本题考查黄金分割法的应用解题的解析:691. 【分析】由题意知试验范围为[]500,1000,区间长度为500,故可利用黄金分割法(0.618法)选取试点进行计算. 【详解】由题意知试验范围为[]500,1000,可得区间长度为500,用0.618法安排试验,则第二次试点加入量可以是()10000.6181000500691-⨯-=, 故答案为691. 【点睛】本题考查黄金分割法的应用,解题的关键是要了解黄金分割法(0.618法),考查分析问题与解决问题的能力,属于基础题.18.①②【解析】①分类变量与的随机变量越大说明与有关系的可信度越大正确;②所以两边取对数可得令可得即②正确;③根据具有线性相关关系的两个变量的统计数据所得的回归直线方程为中则③错故答案为①②解析:①② 【解析】①分类变量A 与B 的随机变量2K 越大,说明“A 与B 有关系”的可信度越大,正确; ②kx y ce =,所以两边取对数,可得()ln ln ln ln ln kxkxy cec ec kx ==+=+,令ln z y =,可得4ln ,0.34,ln 4,0.3,z c kx z x c k c e =+=+∴==∴=,即②正确;③根据具有线性相关关系的两个变量的统计数据所得的回归直线方程为y a bx =+ 中,1,1,3b x === ,则2a =,③错,故答案为①②.19.有【解析】根据表中数据计算观测值对照临界值知有95的把握认为南方学生和北方学生在选用甜品的饮食习惯方面有差异解析:有 【解析】根据表中数据,计算观测值22100(60102010)1003.8417030802021K ⨯-⨯==>⨯⨯⨯,对照临界值知,有95%的把握认为“南方学生和北方学生在选用甜品的饮食习惯方面有差异”。
上海民办华育中学人教版八年级上册期末生物期末试卷及答案-百度文库
上海民办华育中学人教版八年级上册期末生物期末试卷及答案-百度文库一、选择题1.水螅身体上的刺细胞生长的位置和生理功能分别是()A.外胚层,捕获食物B.内胚层,捕获食物C.外胚层,攻击和防御D.内胚层,攻击和防御2.下列选项中,身体呈辐射对称的一类动物是A.腔肠动物B.扁形动物C.环节动物D.线形动物3.今年入夏,某些地方出现大量菜粉蝶,菜粉蝶属于()A.软体动物B.爬行动物C.昆虫D.鸟类4.某同学探究鲫鱼适应水中生活的特征,并作了记录。
下列记录中错误的是A.具鳞片,鳞片上有黏液,可减小游泳阻力B.靠尾部和躯干部左右摆动产生向前的动力C.呼吸器官是鳔,鳃只起辅助呼吸的作用D.侧线感知水流的方向、速度和测定方位5.下图为哺乳动物牙齿的结构,据图可以判断下列叙述正确的是()A.①的牙齿只有门齿和臼齿,②的牙齿只有门齿和犬齿B.②的牙齿比的①牙齿少了犬齿C.①为草食动物,用臼齿磨碎食物D.②为肉食动物,用门齿撕裂食物6.下列与脊椎动物有关的叙述,正确的是()A.鱼类主要用鳃呼吸,体温恒定B.两栖类的生殖过程不受水的限制C.爬行类是真正适应陆生环境的脊椎动物D.只有鸟类的卵才具有坚硬的卵壳7.下列与青蛙的发育过程不同的动物是()A.蟾蜍B.大鲵C.蝾螈D.鳄鱼8.下列关于胎生、哺乳的叙述正确的是()A.所有哺乳动物都是以胎生的方式繁殖后代 B.哺乳为幼仔成长提供优越的营养条件C.胎生提高了哺乳动物的产仔率D.胎生、哺乳提高了幼仔的死亡率9.十二生肖是华夏先民图腾崇拜和早期天文学的结晶,让每个人都具有与生俱来的属相,代表着这个民族所有人的精神风貌。
下列哪项是亥猪、巳蛇和酉鸡的共同特征:()A.胎生哺乳B.体温恒定C.身体被毛D.用肺呼吸10.以如图屈肘为例,有关人体运动系统的叙述,错误的是()A.运动系统由骨和骨连结组成B.骨骼肌受到刺激收缩时,会牵动骨绕着关节活动C.每块骨骼肌至少附着在两块骨上D.屈肘时,肱二头肌收缩,肱三头肌舒张11.某同学利用两片木板、两条松紧带和一颗螺丝钉做成了如图所示的一个骨、关节和肌肉的模型,下列分析不正确的是( )A.图中木板1和2相当于运动系统中的两块骨骼B.螺丝钉起到支点的作用C.由伸肘动作到屈肘动作,需要3和4的配合完成D.3和4的两端分别连在1和2上,表示骨骼肌两端的肌腱绕过关节附着在不同的骨上12.如图表示的是人体的屈肘动作。
上海民办华育中学人教版八年级上册生物期末试卷及答案-百度文库
上海民办华育中学人教版八年级上册生物期末试卷及答案-百度文库一、选择题1.海蜇和珊瑚虫所属生物类群的主要特征是()A.体形呈左右对称,不分前后B.身体由内胚层和外胚层构成C.有口和肛门,具有消化腔D.均生活在海水中,可食用2.环节动物比线形动物高等,主要表现在环节动物()A.肠可以蠕动B.营寄生生活C.有口有肛门D.身体分节,对环境的适应能力强3.河蚌是最常见的软体动物,下列关于河蚌的叙述中,错误的是()A.贝壳能保护柔软的身体B.外套膜包裹在贝壳外面,保护整个身体C.依靠足在泥沙里缓慢运动D.外套膜能分泌珍珠质把沙粒等包裹起来形成珍珠4.鲫鱼蛋白质含量高,容易被人体吸收,经常食用可以增强机体的抵抗力。
周末欣欣的妈妈到菜市场买鱼,在许多死鱼中,可以迅速判断鱼是否新鲜的最佳方法是观察A.体表是否湿润B.鳃丝颜色是否呈鲜红色C.鳞片是否完整D.体表有无伤痕5.下图是野生动物保护者在偷猎者的营地发现的动物头骨,据图分析,被偷猎的动物最可能是()A.野驴B.野狼C.牦牛D.羚羊6.“几处早莺争暖树.谁家新燕啄春泥。
”诗中的莺和燕具有的共同特征是①体表被覆羽毛②前肢变为翼③体内有气囊④胎生哺乳⑤体温恒定⑥变态发育A.①②④⑤B.②③④⑥C.①②③⑤D.①②③⑥7.小李同学在北京动物园参观两栖爬行馆时,发现青蛙、蝾螈等两栖动物皮肤都很湿润,而蜥蜴、龟等爬行动物的体表覆盖角质鳞片或甲。
以下相关叙述错误..的是()A.青蛙的皮肤裸露,能够分泌黏液,使皮肤保持湿润B.蝾螈的皮肤内有丰富的毛细血管,有利于气体交换C.蜥蜴的体表有角质的鳞片,可减少体内水分的蒸发D.龟甲厚实坚硬,可以保温,有助于维持恒定的体温8.我们身边有种类繁多的动物,下列有关动物的描述错误的是()A.大熊猫是胎生哺乳的恒温动物B.蚯蚓是环节动物,对促进生态环境中的物质循环起重要作用C.蛔虫是线虫动物,寄生在人肠腔内,危害人体健康D.扬子鳄是我国特有的珍稀两栖类动物9.模型构建是学习生物学的一种有效策略。
2019-2020学年上海民办华育中学高三英语第三次联考试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海民办华育中学高三英语第三次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn September, something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia. As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅) in shallow water there and later died. This might have beenAustralia’s largest stranding event on record, the BBC reported.But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon. For centuries, it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is often unknown. But they have offered many different explanations.Some say the whales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.Others think the stranding has something to do with Earth’s geomagnetic field (地磁场). They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales’ brains controls their position. Unusual changes in Earth’s magnetic field can affect the whales’ compasses and send them in the wrong direction.Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have. Pilot whales travel in large groups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water. “And if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading biologist fromNew Zealand. “Some will come in and try to help, they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.”The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情). Once they get stranded, they will likely die. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS, less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.1. What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?A. It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.B. It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.C. It is commonly seen in September each year.D. It was the largest stranding event in the world.2. According to Gibney, the pilot whales are the animals that________.A. are kind to each otherB. are easy to lose directionC. are too huge to float in the seaD.are silly to follow the leading whale3. What is the story mainly about?A. How human activity has affected whales.B. What might cause whale strandings.C. How whales find their direction while traveling.D. What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.BI come to theUnited Statesten year ago. I would always say that I was trying to study, but there were always things like work and my kids that would not allow me to start.Now I realized that those were only excuses. What stopped me was that I was afraid to start studying again. I always believed I would learn by myself.One day, however, my son told me that he was sad because his friends would come over and I didn’t understand them because I didn’t speak English. He was also sad because I could never help him with his homework. That same day, I told myself, “Rocio, you have to start believing in yourself and you will see you can make it.”The next day, I went downtown to look for a big banner (横幅) in front of the school which said that they offered classes for adults. I came in to see if I could join, but the classes were closed already. That night I took the kids to the movies, and on the way back, I told them we would take a new route. I ended up getting lost. That’s the way I foundChaffeyCollege. The following Monday, I went to ask for information. They told me that summer school was starting that week.That’s how I started studying English last summer. It is difficult, but I have had great rewards. My daughter had to write a story for school. It was about the female they most admired and why . She wrote that I was the person she most admired because I had started going to College. I will never forget this.4. According to the passage, the author probably is a .A. teacherB. doctorC. fatherD. mother5. What made the author make up her mind to study English?A. What her son said.B. What her daughter said.C. Thinking about herself.D. Thinking about her daughter.6. How did they findChaffeyCollege?A. On the way to the movies.B. They took a new route and got lost.C. Ask a stranger for information.D. According to the banner.7. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The author came to theUnited Statesfrom another country.B. The author had two children at least including one daughter.C. What really changed the author’s life was she believed in herself.D. The author wrote that she was the person her son most admired.COne of the most popular street food found inChinais no doubt the barbecue. A new program, called Chinese Barbecue, tells the story of this popular food cooked over hot coals on just about every street corner in cities and towns across the country. Barbecued meat is an important part of people’s nightlife.Shown on June 20, the program has had more than 25 million clicks on the video site . To find the most popular barbecue stalls (摊位), the production team travelled to more than 500 locations in 30 cities across the country. Some viewers compare Chinese Barbecue to Midnight Diner, a Japanese TV program telling stories from late night informal Japanese bars.“I’m happy to hear this comparison because Midnight Diner is a good program, and we share the same topic― night food,” Chinese Barbecue’s director Chen Yingjie said. “However, they are quite different.” He said that Midnight Diner focused more on food itself, though there was someconversation while people were eating. However, the night food scene of Chinese people means joy and a more lively atmosphere. People eating these barbecue snacks develop a feeling of connection, which can be a cure for loneliness.The barbecue, regarded as the most ordinary and common night street snack, is different from home-made food by mothers as that is a symbol of family and kinship. The barbecue is where you go to become connected to people in society. And unlike official business lunches, during which people are rather polite, the barbecue lets people relax with old friends and new friends, leaving a lasting impression of friendship.The world, as a whole, holds deep-rooted good feelings toward the barbecue, either for the taste or the warmth produced by fire. “What we should do is to present the Chinese barbecue just the way it is because with its special ingredients(食材),ways of cooking and more importantly, the special environment and people, the world will recognize it and might fall in love with it just as we do.” said Chen.8. What do we know about Chinese Barbecue?A. It has been becoming very popular on the Internet.B. It is thought highly of by most of the foreign tourists.C. It mainly talks about the most famous Chinese food.D. It shows the color1 ful nightlife in large cities ofChina.9. In which way was Chinese Barbecue different from Midnight Diner?A. It showed more kinds of food.B. It focused more on the diners.C. It showed the eating habits.D. It was less popular than Midnight Diner.10. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A. The importance of the barbecue to family.B. The influence of the barbecue on people’s manners.C. The influence of the barbecue on people’s lifestyle.D. The role of the barbecue in people’s relationship.11. Why did Chen Yingjie choose the barbecue as the topic of the series?A. To show the feature of Chinese food.B. To research a special way of cooking.C. To help the world understandChina.D. To introduce the history of the barbecue.DAs is commonly known,Antarcticais an icy continent with extreme environment. However, a new study provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast ofAntarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. At that period, dinosaurs were the ruler animals of the land.Johann Klages, a German geologist, was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journalNature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.The researchers estimate that the area — about 900 kilometers from the South Pole — had average yearlytemperatures of about12°Cto13°C. The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Although no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles and many insects in the environment.The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth experienced in the past — and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment inAntarcticawas especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but seasonal snowfall was likely.12. What can we learn about the sediment collected?A. It formed in the age of dinosaurs.B. It was found on theAntarcticaland.C. Ancient forest material was found in it.D. Some dinosaur remains were found in it.13. How did the researchers reach their findings?A. By analyzing the Earth sediment.B. By exploring ice inAntarctica.C. By collecting data on climate.D. By researching special plants.14. What can be indicated in the last paragraph?A. Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.B. Antarctica was much colder 140 million years ago.C. Antarctica’s natural environment has changed greatly.D. Polar nights inAntarcticaare getting shorter than before.15. What is the main idea of the text?A. Rainforest disappeared fromAntarctica.B. Antarctica had a different history of climate.C. Researchers studied a piece of Earth sediment ofAntarctica.D.Antarcticahad an extreme environment containing ice and snow.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海民办华育中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案
2019-2020学年上海民办华育中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADon’t know where to enjoy yourself? Here are some choices for you.Santa Cruz Mission State Historic ParkPopUp Picnics in the park return for the fourth summer in a row, taking place on Thursdays. Take a break to enjoy tacos (墨西哥玉米薄饼卷). Prices changefrom $ 2 to $ 10. Cash only.144 School Street June 13-August 15 Start at 11:30 am and end at 1:30 pmThe Crow’s NestEach summer on Thursday evenings the Crow’s Nest offers its Summer Beach Party series on the beach. The party starts at 5:30 pm each week and goes until sunset. Families are welcome, and there is no entrance fee. After the sun sets, the fun begins with dancing to the best live music of local bands.2218 East Cliff Drive May 30-August 29 Start at 5:30 pm and end at 8:30 pmBargetto WineryJoin us for a beautiful weekend of art and wine. Bargetto Winery will be hosting their yearly gathering of artists and foodies(美食家)at their amazing Soquel winery. No entrance fee. Wine tasting with purchase of $ 15 festival glass. 3535 North Main StreetJuly 20 - July 21 Start at 11:00 am and end at 5:00 pmChaminade Resort & SpaChef Page takes guests on a journey showing the area rich fruits, vegetables, and meats. Dinner begins at 6:30 pm with a five-course menu and good wines. Seating booked is not a choice, as all guests are seated at large, connecting, beautifully set tables designed to invite open conversations among guests. Ticket price: $ 90 per person. Tickets can be gotten online.Chaminade Lane July 26 Start at 6:00 pm and end at 9:00 pm1. What can we know about PopUp Picnics in the park?A. It lasts two days.B. It is held on Thursdays.C. It has been held twice.D. It can be paid in credit card.2. What can people do in the Crow’s Nest?A. Enjoy tacos.B. Talk with artists and foodies.C. Watch the sunrise on the beach.D. Watch the performance of the bands.3. Which activity can be booked on the Internet?A. The Crow's Nest.B. Bargetto Winery.C. Chaminade Resort & Spa.D. Santa Cruz Mission State Historic Park.BTofight for the conservation of forest ecosystem, several ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro, an orange juice producer, to donate part of their forestland to a national park. In return, Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orangepeels(皮) on a 3-hectare piece of land within the national park at no cost. Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill, so the proposal was very attractive.But a year later, another juice company challenged the deal in court, arguing that their competitor was "polluting a national park". They ended up winning, and the deal between Del Oro and the national park fell through.Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues(途径,手段)with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier. What he found shocked him."While I would walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields, I'd have to climb through undergrowth and cut paths through walls ofvines(藤) in the orange peel site itself," said Timothy Treuer.Treuer and his team spent months picking upsamples(样品), analyzing and comparing them. They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not. The area withorange waste had richer soil.The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people familiar withcomposting(施肥), but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange "mined" a national parkand stopped it from going forward. Now that Timothy Treuer's study has received worldwide attention, this type of "ruining" is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.4. What did Del Oro usually do with orange peels?A. Add them to fuel.B. Feed them to animals.C. Burn or bury them.D. Make them into cakes.5. What can we know about the deal between Del Oro and the national park?A. It lasted 15 years.B. It was signed by Treuer.C. It was made in about 1998.D. It was broken by Del Oro.6. What was Treuer's finding?A. Orange peels contain much fibre.B. Orange peels can make soil richer.C. Orange peels rot away in a short time.D. Orange waste ruined the national park.7. What is the author's attitude toward the judge mentioned in the last paragraph?A. Disapproving.B. Positive.C. Worried.D. Admirable.CBarred owls(大林鸮猫头鹰) are a large species native to eastern North America, but they began moving west at the start of the 20th century. By 1973,large numbers of barred owls had arrived in the western state ofWashington. Later they moved south intoOregonandCalifornia.In parts of thePacific Northwest, the owls are now believed to be causing a drop in the population of a smaller, less aggressive bird: the northern spotted owl. In many ways, the barred owl is the spotted owl's worst enemy. The barred owl has more babies per year and eats the same animals, like squirrels and wood rats. And their numbers are now larger in many parts of the spotted owl's traditional territory.David Wiens is a biologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, a federal agency that studies the Earth and its natural resources. He and other officials are doing something unusual to protect spotted owls: killing barred owls. It is a controversial, experimental program. More than 2,400 barred owls have already been shot.Wiens is the son of a well-known bird expert and grew up with the fascination for birds. He has mixed feelings about the program. "It's a little distasteful, I think, to go out killing barred owls to save another owl species," he says. But he adds, “We knew that barred owls were out competing spotted owls and their numbers were growing too fast."To catch barred owls, officials put digital bird callers on the ground. Then they step back and wait as several sounds from the devices fill the air. All of this happens in the dark of night. Barred owls dislike other birds in their territory, so they will fly down and chase other owls out. That is when Wiens and his team try to shoot them.8. What's the main problem with spotted owls?A. They are being starved to death.B. They have more babies each year.C. They are invaded by another bird.D. They are hunted by man.9. Why are barred owls being killed?A. They are eating the spotted owls.B. They are killing each other to survive.C. They are putting the spotted owls in danger.D. They are destroying large areas of forests.10. Why did the officials release the bird sounds?A. To kill barred owls.B. To puzzle barred owls.C. To protect barred owls.D. To frighten barred owls.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Killing One Animal to Save Another.B. Keeping the Balance of Nature.C. Protecting Birds in Danger.D. Preventing Birds from Playing Fair.DWhen you think of the icy Arctic Ocean, do you picture cold blue waters, on which float (漂浮) icebergs home to animals and fish not seen elsewhere on the planet? Think again, or rather add 300 billion pieces of plastic (塑料) to your picture. That's the amount of plastic that scientists believe is floating around the Arctic Ocean. Most of the plastic is in the area to the east of Greenland and north of Scandinavia.Where did it come from? After all, the lands near the Arctic are not really full of people. It turns out that ocean currents are carrying plastic thrown into the ocean all the way to the Arctic. An ocean current is an unending movement of sea water from one point to another. It is caused by several things including heat from the Sun, wind and movement of the Earth.Many of these plastic pieces seem to have travelled for years before reaching the Arctic. This was worked out by scientists studying the plastic problem after they observed the condition of the pieces. While much plastic floats on top of the water, a lot also may be on the sea floor.Plastic has been widely used for 60 years on Earth and our careless throwing of plastic things is slowly turning the once perfectly clean Arctic into a dangerous place. Unlike food waste and plant waste, plastic doesn't break down so easily. In fact the United States Environment Protection Organization reports that “every bit of plastic ever made still exists”.What's the effect? Seabirds, sea turtles and other ocean creatures could get hurt and die when they accidentallyswallowplastic. Plastic waste affects fishing, affecting people who earn money through fishing. Plastics can let out dangerous poisons (毒物) into the water. These may be swallowed by fish, and when these fish are caught and eaten by people or bigger animals, they could get poisoned too!12. What can we learn from the passage?A. The Arctic Ocean is heavily polluted.B. The plastic is mostlyin the area in the east of Greenland.C. An ocean current is just caused by the movement of the earth.D. Much more plastic floats on top of the water.13. Which of the following doesn't contribute to the plastic ocean?A. Humans throw away plastic things at will.B. Ocean currents carry plastic things everywhere.C. Plastic can let out harmful things into the water.D. Plastic is hard to break down.14. What does the underlined word “swallow” in the last Paragraph mean?A. Break down.B. Take in.C. Accept.D. Touch.15. What's the best title of the text?A. Are Men to Blame for Plastic Ocean?B. Arctic Ocean and Its Future!C. Is Plastic Harmful?D. Arctic Ocean or Plastic Ocean?第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年上海民办华育中学高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析
2020-2021学年上海民办华育中学高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt’s a tempting habit for them to look at their smartphone rather than make eye contact with someone. There is so much to look at: photographs, social media feeds, messages and emails. No wonder they are glued to their screens. But is it good for them?There have been many claims about the damage looking at screens does to our eyesight. Some people feared staring at a small bright box could make us short-sighted. This is a particular concern for children and young people, who spend a higher percentage of time using electronic devices. BBC reporter, Rory Jones, says, “There is enough evidence that no matter how long teenagers are spending looking at screens, they come across information about issues such as anorexia and self-harm that could prove damaging to their mental health.”But a new study says time in front of computers and phones might not be as bad for young people as many think. Research by the Oxford Internet Institute examined data from more than 17,000 teenagers in theUK,Irelandand theUnited States. Their study concluded that most links between life satisfaction and social media use were tiny, accounting for less than 1% of a teenager’s wellbeing. Professor Przybylski, director of research, said, “99.75% of a person’s life satisfaction has nothing to do with their use of social media.” The research found that family, friends and school life all had a greater impact on wellbeing.So, does this mean young people can spend longer looking at social media? TheOxfordresearchers are confident about its findings and that any connection between screen time and mental health is very small. Dr. Max Davie, officer for health improvement at theRoyalCollege, calls the study a “small first step”, but he says there are other issues to explore, such as screen time’s interference(干预) with other important activities like sleep, exercise and time with family or friends. Perhaps for now, the “right” amount of screen time is only a matter of personal judgement.1. What is people’s common belief concerning screen time?A. Looking at screens does harm to young people.B. Screen time provides a chance for teenagers to learn.C. Most teenagers get near-sighted due to looking at screens.D. A small amount of time online does little harm to teenagers.2. What can we learn from the new study by the Oxford Internet Institute?A. Screen time has a great influence on people’s daily activities.B. The right amount of the screen time is related to its content.C. There is a close link between social media and self-satisfaction.D. Social bonds play a more significant role in people’s wellbeing than social media.3. Where is the passage most probably taken from?A. A science fiction.B. A science magazine.C. A research paper.D. An economics book.BOver the years, NASA has successfully sent several rovers (飞行器) to Mars. While the science laboratories continue to provide important information on the Red Planet, they keep the space exploration rovers staying closeto the original landing place.To get a more comprehensive (详尽的) view of Mars, the US Space Agency plans to make a small test helicopter with the Mars 2020 Rover, which will be sent off in July 2020.The football-sized “marscopter” weighs about four pounds.It can fly at about ten times the speed of helicopters on Earth. The light weight and fast speed are important for the helicopter to be able to fly in the thin Mars atmosphere, which is about just one percent of that of Earth. “To make it fly in that thin Mars atmosphere, we had to make everything ready, and make it as light as possible while being as strong and powerful as it can possibly be. “Mimi Aung, Mars helicopter project manager, said in a meeting.Upon landing on the Red Planet, the Mars 2020 Rover will find a proper location to send of the helicopter. The helicopter will start with a short climb, no higher than 10 feet, and hover (盘旋) for just 30 seconds before landing back on the Mars surface. If all goes well, five more flights of longer distances, for 90 seconds each, will be conducted over the next 30 days. The short journeys will be recorded by a small camera and sent back to the scientists on Earth.If the plan goes on well, the first helicopter to fly in another world, will open up a whole new way to explore Mars. The Mars helicopter's first flight will be a great invention. For those of us whose research is about flight, that would be a wonderful, historic moment.4. To fly in thin Mars atmosphere,we should make the helicopter_______.A. strong and heavyB. heavy and fastC. light and fastD. strong and slow5. How many times will the helicopter fly?A. Three timesB. Four timesC. Five timesD. Six times6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. It’s interesting to fly in another world.B. I' s important to fly in another world.C. The plan to fly the helicopter goes on well.D. The helicopters first flight is successful.7. What may be the best title for the passage?A. To send a helicopter to Mars in 2020B. To send a rover to Mars in 2020C. To live in the thin Mars atmosphereD. To send back records to scientistsCBrown cows may not actually make chocolate milk, but pink silkworms(蚕)do produce pink silk, a team of scientists has discovered. To see if they could produce pre-dyed silk-silk that comes color1 ed, straight from the source-the team fed ordinary silkworms mulberry(桑树)leaves that had been sprayed(喷洒)with fabric(织物)dyes(染色剂). Out of seven tested dyes, only one worked, producing a thread that reminded me of pink-dyed hair.And yes, the worms themselves take on some color1 before they produce silk. Their color1 ful diets did not affect their growth, the team, which included engineers and biologists from the CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory in India, reports in the journalACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. (The researchers didn't look too deeply into how the dyes affected the silkworms' health. After all, silkworms die when people harvest their silk.)The team made dyeing silk this way because color1 ing fabric normally uses large amounts of fresh water. The water gets polluted with dangerous chemicals in the process, requiring costly treatment before factories can send it back into waterways. Dyeing silk directly by feeding silkworms would avoid those water-washing steps. Scientists are just starting to study this idea. However, it remains to be seen if it's commercially successful. In this experiment, the Indian team tested seven dyes, which are cheap and popular in the industry.The scientists found different dyes moved through silkworms' bodies differently. Some never made it into the worms' silk at all. Others color1 ed the worms and their silk but the color1 disappears before the silk is turned into fabric. Only one dye, named "direct acid fast red", showed up in the final, washed silk threads. By the time it made it there, it was a pleasant, light pink.8. The text is most probably a(n) ________.A. science reportB. tourist guideC. animal experimentD. fashion advertisement9. Silkworms can produce pink silk because ________.A. they are born pinkB. they are dyed pinkC. they grow in pink waterD. they are fed dyed food10. Where is the experiment carried out?A. In America.B. In India.C. In Israel.D. In China.11. How many dyes have been proved successful in the experiment?A. One.B. Three.C. Five.D. Seven.DIn June, 2021, a group of students from eight high schools in Winnipeg, the capital of Canada’s Manitoba province, will begin test-launching (试发射) a satellite the size of a Rubik’s cube.The one-kilogram Win-Cube satellite, named for its home city and its shape, will be put into low orbit. Once in space, it can perform for a few months or up to several years, communicating information that could help find the signs of earthquakes.There are 80 similar satellite projects worldwide, but this is the first high-school based program of its kind in Canada. 30 Manitoba high school students are having a hand in designing and building the satellite, in cooperation with aerospace (航空航天的) experts and 10 students from the University of Manitoba, and with support from two other organizations.The Win-Cube project is not something that goes on a piece of paper; it is real-world engineering, allowing high school students to have an opportunity to learn more about the exciting world of engineering through their participation in this challenging program. It is also taken as a wonderful example of the unique partnerships within Manitoba. Designing, building and launching a satellite with high-school participation will bring this world-class educational project into reality and Manitoba closer to space“These Manitoba high school students deserve congratulations for their enthusiasm, innovation (创新), and a strong love for discovery,” said Education, Citizenship and Youth Minister Peter Bjomson. “We want to make science more relevant, interesting and attractive to high school students by showing them how classroom studies can relate to practical experience in the workplace or, in this case, in space,” Bjomson added.The Win-Cube program is mainly aimed at inspiring a strong desire for discovery on the part of the students.It also shows Manitoba’s devotion to research and innovation and the development of a skilled workforce—all important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth.12. What can we learn from Mr. Bjomson? .A. Those Manitoba high school students are worth praising.B. The study of space can be practically made in classrooms.C. Manitoba high schools are famous for the study of space.D. Scientific research is too far away from high school students.13. What is the primary purpose of the project ? .A. To find the early signs of earthquakes.B. To relate studies to practical.C. To help high school students study real-world engineering.D. To inspire a strong desire for discovery among the students.14. According to the passage, what can we know about the Win-Cube satellite? .A. It is named after Manitoba and its shape.B. It is intended for international communication.C. It is designed like a Rubik’s cube both in shape and size.D. It is challenged by university students around the world.15. What may be the best title for the passage?A. Manitoba SchoolB. Win-Cube ProgramC. Space Co-operationD. Satellite Launching第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年上海民办华育中学高三英语三模试题及答案解析
2020-2021学年上海民办华育中学高三英语三模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANew events and changes of junior golf competition calendarNew eventsNotah BegayⅢJunior Golf National ChampionshipWhat does a junior golfer aim to pursue? One thing is to be noticed, ideally by a college coach. A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah BegayⅢJunior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel. Players aged between eight and 18 can compete in the new event; information about where and when it will be held will be released later.Barbasol Junior ChampionshipBeginning the career in the PGA Tour is something that a junior golfer tends to dream of. The Barbasol Junior Championship, which is scheduled to take place between June 29 and July 2 at Keene Trace Golf Club inNicholasville,Kentucky, will provide such an opportunity. Boys under 19 years old will qualify for this new 54-hole event, and the winner will be awarded a spot at the PGA Tour's Barbasol Championship in July.Changed eventsThunderbird International JuniorThe dates of the AJGA's Thunderbird International Junior have to be changed since the NCAA Championships move to Grayhawk Golf Club inScottsdale,Arizona, for the next three years. Generally, the Thunderbird is played at the end of May. However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, which means, of course, that the finish date is on Masters Sunday.Gator InvitationalJunior golf intends to prepare for the following college golf. If this is the case, then it is crucial to simulate the higher-level experience as much as possible. Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys' event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year. The new version will be played from March 13 to 15 at The Country Club of Jackson inJackson,Mississippi.1. Which event can be watched on TV?A. Notah BegayⅢJunior Golf National Championship.B. Barbasol Junior Championship.C. Thunderbird International Junior.D. Gator Invitational.2. When will the Thunderbird International Junior be played?A. At the end of May.B. From April 9 to 12.C. Between June 29and July 2.D. From March 13 to 15.3. What has been changed about the Gator Invitational?A. The award given to the winnerB. The place where it is played.C. The required age of the players.D. The number of rounds it has.BPortraits as ArtAccording to a dictionary, portraiture is “a representation (描绘) of a person, especially of the face by drawing or painting alikeness.” However, this definition neglects the complexities of portraiture. Portraits are works of art that engage with ideas of identity rather than just a likeness. These concepts of identity involve social rank, gender, age, profession, character of the subject, etc. It is impossible to copy all the aspects of identity. Therefore, portraits reflect only certain qualities of subjects. Portrait art has also undergone significant shifts in artistic practice. The majority of portraits are the outcome of current artistic fashions and favored styles. Therefore, portrait art is an art category providing various engagement with social, psychological, and artistic practices and expectations.Since portraits are different from other art categories, they are worthy of separate study. During their production, portraits require the presence of a specific person, or an image of the individual. In many instances, the production of portraiture has required sittings, which result in interaction between the subject(s) and the artist throughout the creation of the work. In certain instances, portrait artists depended on a combination of different involvement with their subjects. If the sitter can’t sit in the studio regularly, portraitists could use his or her photographs. InEurope, during the seventeenth and eighteenth century, the sitting time was sometimes decreased by focusing only on the head. Theoretically, portraitists could work from impressions or memories when creating a painting, but this rarely occurred according to documented records. Nonetheless, whether the work is based on model sittings, copying a photograph, or using memory, the process of painting a portrait is linked with the model’s attendance.Furthermore, portrait painting can be distinguished from other artistic categories by its connection with appearance, or likeness. As such, the art of portrait painting got a reputation for imitation instead of for artistic innovation. Based on Renaissance art theory, portraiture was related to the level of a mechanical exercise asopposed to a fine art. Michelangelo’s well-known protest against portraits is only one example. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the attitude to portraiture was critical. Even so, artists from around the globe persisted in painting portraits despite their theoretical objections. Picasso, for example, became widely-known forcubist still-life painting(立体派静物画) early in his career, but some of his early experiments in this new style were his portraits of art dealers.4. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us?A. The changing definition of portraiture reflects shifting attitudes to it.B. Most portraits reflect artistic fashions and favored styles when created.C. Portraiture is a more complex art form than is defined in a dictionary.D. Portrait art shouldn’t be seen as a distinct art category for its complexity.5. Which of the following is a characteristic of portraiture mentioned in paragraph 2?A. Portraiture typically takes much less time than other art forms.B. Portraiture often requires frequent cooperation between artists.C. Portraits show models in a more accurate way than other art forms.D. Portraits generally involve interaction between subjects and artists.6. According to paragraph 2, during portraits’ production, artists __________.A. based their work on the subjects’ attendanceB. preferred models’ photographs to their presenceC. were more willing to use impressions or memoriesD. reduced sitting time to concentrate on a sitter’s head7. Picasso is chosen as an example by the author because he __________.A. altered the way other artists felt about portrait artB. created portraits in spite of his objection to portrait artC. depended on portrait art to establish a higher reputationD. had fewer theoretical objections to portraitures than othersCScientists often compare coral reefs(珊瑚礁) to underwater rainforests, yet unlike the leafy plant base of a forest, corals are animals. The soft creatures are naturally half-transparent and get their brilliant color1 from algae(藻类) living inside them. When corals experience stress from hot temperatures or pollution, theyhaltthe interdependent relationship with algae, typically pushing them out and turning white. Corals are still alive whenthey are white, but they're at risk and many eventually die, turning dark brown.Scientists around the world are looking for means to protect and maybe increase corals. One common option is to create more protected areas — essentially national parks in the ocean. Beyond nature preserves, some conservationists are looking to more hands-on methods. One research center in the Florida Keys is exploring a form of natural selection to keep corals remaining. The reef system in the Keys has been hit hard by climate change and pollution, which is especially tough, because corals there help support fisheries worth $ 100 million every year.To keep the wild ecosystem alive, Erinn Muller, the center's director, and her team are harvesting samples of the corals that survived the environmental stress naturally, keeping them to make them reproduce, and then reattaching them to the reef. They have 46,000 corals on plastic frames under the sea. So far, the center has regrown over 70,000 corals from five different species on damaged reefs.In The Bahamas, Ross Cunning, a research biologist at Chicago's Shedd Aquarium, focuses on corals with genes that could make them natural candidates for restoration projects. He published a study of two Bahamian reefs, one that survived an extreme 2015 heat wave, and one that didn't. "We think their ability to deal with these higher temperatures is built into their genes," says Cunning. There's evidence of corals evolving more quickly to resist rapidly warming climate. The big question scientists need investigate, adds Gunning, is how much more heat corals can adapt to.8. What does the underlined word "halt" in the first paragraph mean?A. End.B. Develop.C. Strengthen.D. Weaken.9. What do Muller and her team do to save corals?A. Restore the damaged reefs.B. Grow corals by hand underwater.C. Create more protected areas.D. Move corals to unpolluted areas.10. What do Gunning's words suggest?A. Many corals have been genetically improved.B. Cooling down the waters is key to rescuing corals.C. Reasons for corals surviving heat waves are shocking.D. The highest temperature corals can survive is unclear.11. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Relationship between corals and algaeB. Efforts made to save coralsC. Impact of climate warming on coralsD. Survival crisis faced by coral reefsDPaper is an important part of modern life. People use it in school, at work, to make artwork and books, to wrap presents and much more. Trees are the most common material for paper these days.So how do people make paper out of trees today? People first cut trees, load them onto trucks and bring them to a factory. Machines cut open the outer coverings of the trees, and cut the trees into pieces. Those pieces are boiled into a soup. After that, it is hit flat, dried and cut up into sheets of paper.The entire process, from planting a small tree to buying your school notebook, takes a very long time. Just growing the trees takes 10 to 20 years.Making tons of paper from trees can harm the planet. Humans cut down 80, 000 to 160,000 trees around the world every day, and use many of them to make paper. Some of those trees come from tree farms. But people also cut down forests for paper, which means that animals and birds lose their homes.Cutting forests down also contributes to climate change, and paper factories pollute the air. After you throw paper, it often takes the paper six to nine years to break down. That's why recycling is important. It saves a lot of trees, slows climate change and helps protect endangered animals, birds and all creatures that rely on forests for their homes and food.So if paper isn't good for the environment, why don't people write on something else?The answer: They do. With computers, tablets and cellphones, people use much less paper than in the past. Maybe a day will come when we won't use paper at all — or will save it for very special books and artworks.12. What can we know about making paper out of trees?A. It costs much money.B. It takes a lot of time.C. It is very easy and fast.D. It is dangerous and difficult.13. What is the impact of paper production?A. It promotes the recycling.B. It does harm to the environment.C. It slows down the climate change.D. It protects the animals from losing homes.14. How will we use paper someday in the future according to the text?A. Use it for books only.B. Use the recycled paper.C. Treasure it occasionally.D. Use it for artworks.15. What idea does the author want to express from the text?A. The influence of making paper on environment.B. The wonderful experience of making paper.C. The necessary process of making paper.D. The good reasons for making paper.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海民办华育中学高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析
2020届上海民办华育中学高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeBAt the age of 50, Nina Schoen expects to have a long lifeahead of her, but has thought a lot about death—and why people are so reluctant to talk about it: “It’s going to happen to all of us,” she says, “but it should be a more positive experience than the fear we put into it.”When she first heard about a new end-of-life process that turns the body into compost (堆肥), “I was really moved by the idea,” says Schoen, who became one of the first to reserve a spot with a Seattle-based company called Recompose, the county’s first funeral home to offer human composting.Last year Recompose began transforming bodies to soil, more formally known as natural organic reduction. Before that, end-of-life options in the U.S. were limited to burial or cremation (火化), both of which come with environmental costs—U.S. cremations alone dump 1.7 billion pounds of carbon dioxide into theatmosphere every year.Katrina Spade pioneering the composting movement has spent a decade developing the process in hopes of offering people a greener option for death care. “I wondered, ‘What if we had a choice that helps the planet rather than harms it?’” Spade tells PEOPLE. “To know that the last gesture you’ll make will be gentle and beneficial and it just feels like the right thing to do.”After she had her own two sons, she began to wonder what she might do with her body after death. A friend who knew her interest in the topic reminded her that farmers sometimes compost the body of cows, and thatsparkedan idea for her theory: “If you can compost a cow, you can probably compost a human,” she thought, and she set about designing a facility to do just that.“This is about giving people another choice,” Spade says. “At first, people react with shock—‘You really can do that?’ But so many people today are looking at their impact on the Earth. This is a popular thing because when you die, you can give back to the planet.”4. How do people react when it comes to death according to paragraph 1?A. They are unwilling to comment.B. They can face it without fear.C. They feel it a positive experience.D. They would like to compost their bodies.5. What can we know about the company Recompose?A. Its CEO is Katrina Spade.B. It is located in Seattle.C. It was founded to resist cremation.D. It has spent 10 years composting bodies.6. What does the underlined word “sparked” probably mean?A. Changed.B. Compromised.C. Quitted.D. Inspired.7. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. A little things in our life can bring in big outcomes.B. We human beings should do all we can to help the earth.C. Composting is so popular that we should reserve a spot soon.D. We should reject burial because of its harm to environment.CCraig Blackburn, a father and car fan, built a Batmobile for his son’s hope for using the vehicle to brighten the lives of sick children. And now he hopes to use it for more than just his sons hope after seeing the childrens reaction to the Batmobile.Based on the number of failures he had seen in car groups, he estimated that only about one in 50 attempted constructions was actually finished and he realized what an incredible opportunity he had.Mr. Blackburn started the project at the beginning of 2018 after hearing a friend in the US was doing the same thing. It started with importing an outer shell overseas, before picking brains of a friend who had a background as a worker in a car factory to gain knowledge of how to build the car. With the help of his friend, Mr. Blackburn built the Batmobile in 18 months with the cost reaching six figures.Mr.Blackburn hoped to add a flamethrower(喷火器)onto the back of the vehicle and said he had thought about building the more recent Batman Tumbler from the series film Dark Knight. Though Mr. Blackburn encountered plenty of difficulties to get over during the construction, in September 2019, the carmade its first show at the Carnival of Flowers in Toowoomba, before being used by Blackburn’s son for his hope.“It was great. It was so good to see the kids’ and adults’ excitement at seeing the Batmobile.” Mr. Blackburn said. As a result, the car lovers hope to make the car work on the roads as soon as possible, so he can visit sick children and take them out with his son.8. What is Craig Blackburn’s initial purpose of making the Batmobile?A. To realize his son’s dream.B. To donate it to sick children.C. To pay his respects to the film Dark Knight.D. To show off at the Carnival of Flowers in Toowoomba.9. How did Blackburn feel about the car-making at first?A. Hopeful.B. Confused.C. Impossible.D. Unsure.10. How did Blackburn’s friend help him?A. By making an outer shell for him.B. By offering him financial support.C. By sharing the knowledge of building cars.D. By telling him the background of the car factory.11. What is the car lovers’ expectation of the Batmobile?A. It will be driven soon on the roads.B. It can be displayed around the world.C. It can change the lives of sick children.D. It will appear in the next film about Batman.DYu Chenrui, 29, is a maker of automata (机关人偶) in Chengdu, Sichuan province. Automata are built to look like humans or animals and give the illusion (错觉) of being able to move ontheir own, “The art form amazes me, because it combines various skills, from storytelling to mechanics, and the pieces are built with a sense of humor,” Yu says. His creations have caught the attention of well-known artists and his fancy pieces of art have attracted collectors worldwide.Interested in handcrafts as a boy, Yu first encountered automata designed by Japanese artist Kazuaki at an exhibition in 2015 when he studied at the Communication University of China in Beijing. “It was like meeting a like-minded friend, ” Yu says, recalling the moment. As an art and design major, he began to learn the craft by himself and, with the support of his tutor, he kept studying and examining automata in school.When he graduated in 2016, Yu landed a job at an advertising agency in Beijing. He stayed on at the company for three years because, at that time, he was not sure that he could make a living out of his hobby. While working as a designer Yu kept exploring and advancing his skills in wood carving and mechanics. Eventually, despite the job’s good salary, it was not enough to make up for not following his true passion. Finally, in 2018, Yu quit his job and returned to Chengdu to open his automata workshop.To keep himself occupied while running his workshop, he planted blueberries, raspberries and cherries. He watered, weeded and added fertilizer (肥料) every day. “Daily routines helped me calm down and inspire my creativity, which resulted in an automaton called To Observe the Autumn,” Yu says.Over time, Yu’s reputation grew and his business flourished (兴旺). Many of Yu’s creations are built with a dash of wisdom, a sprinkle of humor and are inspired by observations of real life. Yu knows that there are many more creative ideas waiting to be expressed. “It feels quite good to be fully devoted to automata creation and I am still searching for myself.”12. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Yu is equipped with various skills.B. Yu is a person full of sense of humor.C Yu is now gaining recognition worldwide.D. Yu is following the latest trend in handcraft.13. Why did Yu quit his job in Beijing?A. He couldn't make a living out of it.B. He wanted to pursue his own dream.C. He missed his family in Chengdu.D. He thought he had a lot experience.14. According to Yu, what contributes to his creativity as an automata artist?A. The fruits he grows.B. Success of his business.C. His devotion to the job.D. Observation from daily life.15. Which of the following can best describe Yu’s story?A. There is no end to learning.B. Great hopes make great man.C. Actions speak louder than words.D. Experience is the mother of wisdom.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海民办华育中学高三英语第三次联考试题及答案
2020年上海民办华育中学高三英语第三次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe 2021 Weibo Movie Night—an award ceremony jointly organized by Sina Weibo and China Movie Channel—was held on June 12, gathering around 100 filmmakers and A-list stars. Following are some upcoming films.BipolarCast: Dou Jingtong, Tian Zhuangzhuang and Wang ZhiwenDirector: Li MengqiaoAudience will follow a young woman’s unusual trip across China,who wishes to send a stolen lobster (龙虾) back to the sea. Li said that it’s a sort of experiment, examining the line between dreams and reality. Andthis is singer-actress Dou Jingtong’s first leading role.On Your MarkCast: Wang Yanhui and Zhang YouhaoDirector: Chiu Keng Gua (Malaysia)Inspired from a true story,On Your Markis about a taxi driver and his son, a marathon enthusiast who’s struggling with a visually-impaired disease. In order to help his son to realize his dream, the father joins a marathon training group to serve as his son’s personal “competition assistant”. This film is expected to tug the heartstrings of moviegoers near Father’s Day.TheBattleatLakeChangjinCast: Wu Jing, Hu Jun, Li Chen and Zhang HanyuDirector: Chen Kaige, Tsui Hark and Dante LamThe film centers on how the Chinese People’s Volunteers fearlessly fought against foreign invaders during an extremely cold winter. The battle destroyed around 13,000 enemies of US troops, becoming a turning point to lay the foundation for the final victory.Chinese DoctorsCast: Zhang Hanyu, Yuan Quan, Zhu Yawen and Li ChenDirector: Liu WeiqiangAdapted from true stories, it is about Chinese medical staff’s battle to rescue lives during the COVID-19 outbreak last year inWuhanJinyintanHospital.1. Who plays the leading role inBipolar?A. Dou Jingtong.B. Yuan Quan.C. Li Mengqiao.D. Zhang Hanyu.2. Which film focuses on the war betweenChinaand theU.S.?A.Bipolar.B.On Your Mark.C.Chinese Doctors.D.TheBattleatLakeChangjin.3. What doOn Your MarkandChinese Doctorshave in common?A. They both star Zhang Hanyu.B. They are based on true stories.C. They reflect the efforts to rescue lives.D. They are directed by Chinese directors.BJapan's prime minister encouraged the decision to ban viewers, even family members, by issuing a state of emergency order in Tokyo earlier this month in response to rising COVID-19 case numbers.From the perspective of sports psychologists, an Olympics without fans is a real-life science experiment that is helping researchers and clinicians to comb through the true impact of a crowd of fans on its players—and on viewers at home. The strange circumstances under which the games are held may place unexpected pressure on some athletes. On Tuesday, superstar gymnast Simone Biles dropped out of the women's team event, telling teammates and reporters she wasn't in the right “headspace” to compete. “It's been really stressful this Olympic Games. There are a lot of different variables going into it,” Biles told the Washington Post.The 2020 Summer Olympics bears similarities and differences to other major sporting events without viewers. The English Premier League supplemented (增加) game broadcasts with crowd noise from the soccer video game FIFA 20, mixed with game audio in real time. A Taiwanese baseball team and German soccer team began populating stands with cardboard cutouts of fans, and the trend caught on internationally.Jamey Houle, the lead sports psychologist for Ohio State University Athletics and a former Al-American gymnast, says competitive athletes are trained in visualization— imagining performing a certain action or motion, such as doing a roundoff back handspring in gymnastics. Without moving a muscle, players using visualization can solidify neural (神经的) connections and activate their motor cortex (皮层). To visualize most effectively, Houlesays, athletes working with sports psychologists will try to simulate as closely as possible the conditions of actual gameplay. Empty stadiums may thus have a measurable impact on players' performance. This phenomenon is grounded in a psychological concept called “social facilitation”, referring to a change in a person's performance that occurs when others are around compared to when a person is alone.4. What caused Biles to drop out of the women's team event?A. The poor physical condition.B. The absence of the audience.C. The fiercely competitive event.D. The influence of crowds of fans.5. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A. The Taiwanese baseball team is a success.B. The tendency mentioned is popular among some sporting events.C. The 2020 Summer Olympics is stricter in preventing the pandemic.D. The crowd noise plays a leading role in the English Premier League.6. How does Houle explain the impact of empty stadiums on players' performance?A. By doing a roundoff back handspring.B. By simulating the conditions of actual gameplay.C. By using the concept called social facilitation.D. By changing the viewers of a player.7. What message does the author mainly convey in the text?A. Athletes should be trained in visualization.B. Audience should be admitted to the Olympics.C. Social facilitation is helpful to sporting events.D. Viewers present may influence players' performance.CScientists have made great discoveries. But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teachkids about modern-day scientists?First, stories of scientists can encourage kids. Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he’s a real, guitar-playing person. He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people. Hearing scientists’ stories makes kids think “I can do that too!”But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up. Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut. But today, he’s made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer. Besides, it’s no secret that scientific discoveries require trying, and trying again.Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity. Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example,is an African-American, which is not common in his field. Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist.It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school. Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn’t have to be true. They just need to have a great interest in science. Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science. As long as they’re interested, they are likely to become a scientist in the future.Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation others have laid. This is important — no one can do it alone. Scientists’ stories can encourage today’s young scientists to keep trying. They’ll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven’t made important discoveries, their research may help the following scientists.8. What can Chris Hadfield’s story tell students?A. Scientists are interested in different things.B. Students should have a hobby of their own.C. Scientists can be ordinary like people around us.D. Students should consider scientists as their models.9. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. African-Americans are more likely to become scientists.B. Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school.C. Not all scientists really show interest in science.D. Scientists are usually good at their schooling.10. The last paragraph shows us that ________.A. scientists should help each otherB. a scientist should never give up tryingC. making discoveries is necessary for scientistsD. new scientific discoveries may be based on others’ findings11. What is the text mainly about?A. Why scientists are important to us.B. Why students should be taught about scientists.C. Why students love stories of scientists.D. Why scientists can encourage students.DElizabeth Bishop is considered one of the best American poets of the 20th century. She was born in Worcester, Massachusetts in 1911. Her dad died when she was just a baby and her mom never recovered from the loss. She went to live with her grandparents in Nova Scotia, Canada when she was five. Eventually Bishop attended Vassar College, where she began to write poetry.At Vassar she discovered Marianne Moore's poetry and met Ms Moore and began their life-long friendship. She later met poet Robert Lowell. She wrote tons and tons of letters to both of them, which is good for us because we would otherwise know very little of her personal life.Bishop published her first book of poetry in 1946 and wrote until her death in 1979. She would spend years working on a single poem. Her poems are not the result of hasty scribbling (匆忙乱写) on paper while eating breakfast. She would look through drafts of poems again and again and improve them until they were as close to perfect as she could get them.Reading Elizabeth Bishop is like being transported to the very place, the very moment she's writing about. She leads us to a microscope so we can see every smallest part of the scene. It seems that she's always asking us to notice more, and more until the poem is so clear in our minds that it's almost painful—like a light that's too bright.12. What do we know about Bishop's early life?A. She was mainly brought up by her grandparents.B. She spent her childhood mainly in Worcester.C. She was always encouraged by her parents.D. She started to write poems at five.13. Why are Bishop's letters to Moore and Lowell important?A. They have a deep influence on other poets.B. They offer much information about her life.C. They help us study Moore and Lowell's poetry.D. They prove she had friendships with famous poets.14. What can we say about Bishop's poetic creation?A. She liked to write in the morning.B. She could write poems at high speed.C. She tried her best to achieve perfection.D. She published hundreds of books of poetry.15. Which word can be used to best describe the style of Bishop’s poems?A. Enthusiastic.B. Romantic.C. Humorous.D. Exact.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2014华育中学初三第一学期周考试卷英语
2014华育中学初三第一学期周考试卷英语本试卷共四大题,12页,满分110分。
考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、考点考场号、座位号,再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需要改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。
不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上;如需要改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案,改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、语法选择(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces ofmusick of the 20century. In his short life he wrote-1 300 songs and an opera.Xian was vom in panyum, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with-2 mother. He began learning to play_3 violinwhena he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin wascheapp and badly made thathem_5 not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop6and soon showedhish talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students_7 studied in a special musicschooly in Paris. Before he8, Xian became the schools best student9 won severalprizesh for his talents.In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came tofan’an10music at a college.11there were no pianos in Yan’an at that time Xian stillwrotem12of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famousworks.In May 1940, Xian 13to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to writemusick for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very14. Xian got sick and later died of a lungillnessh15October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian’s music, however, lives on in the people’hearts.1. A.near B. nearly C. nearby D.nearer2. A.he B. him C. his D. he’s3. A.a B. an C. the D. this4. A.so B. such C. very D. much5. A.need B. may C.should D. could6. A.practice B.practicing C.to practice D.practised7. A. what B. which C.whom D. who8. A.leave B. leaves C. left D. was leaving9. A.and B. but C. as D. or10. A.teach B.taught C.teaching D. to teach11. A.If B. Although C. When D. Because12. A.any B. little C. fwd. some13. A.sent B. was sent C. has sent D. was sending14. A.hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest15. A.at B. in C. on D. by二、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16~25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
包头2024年06版小学3年级第十次英语第3单元期中试卷
包头2024年06版小学3年级英语第3单元期中试卷考试时间:80分钟(总分:120)B卷考试人:_________题号一二三四五总分得分一、综合题(共计100题共100分)1. 填空题:The coach, ______ (教练), trains us for competitions.2. 选择题:What do we call a person who studies the effects of poverty on society?A. Poverty ResearcherB. SociologistC. AnthropologistD. Political Scientist答案: A3. 听力题:The chemical symbol for selenium is ______.4. 听力题:The fish swims ___. (in, on, under)5. 填空题:The ______ (植物适应性) helps them thrive in different climates.6. 听力题:The chemical symbol for bromine is ______.7. f Exploration began in the _______ century. (15) 填空题:The Age8. 听力题:The _______ can be used to teach about ecosystems.9. 听力题:The bonding of atoms to form molecules is called _______.10. 听力题:The balloons are ______ (floating) in the air.11. 填空题:The weather is _______ (晴天) today.12. 听力题:The study of Earth's surface features is known as ______.13. 选择题:What do we call a person who studies the past?A. HistorianB. ArchaeologistC. ResearcherD. Anthropologist14. 选择题:What is the primary color made by mixing red and blue?A. GreenB. PurpleC. OrangeD. Brown答案:B15. 听力题:The process of refining metals involves removing _______.16. 填空题:I love to draw pictures of _____ in my sketchbook.17. 选择题:What is the term for a person who studies the weather?A. MeteorologistB. BiologistC. ChemistD. Geologist答案:A18. 填空题:A _____ (小猫) is very playful.19. 选择题:What do we call the process of forming clouds?A. EvaporationB. CondensationC. PrecipitationD. Sublimation答案:B20. 填空题:I always do my ______ after school.21. 听力题:The _______ needs rich soil to grow.22. 选择题:What do we call the movement of the Earth around the sun?A. RotationB. RevolutionC. OrbitD. Cycle答案: B23. 听力题:The stars ________ brightly at night.24. 填空题:The ancient Greeks worshipped many ________.25. 选择题:What is the name of the planet we live on?A. MarsB. EarthC. VenusD. Saturn答案:B26. 选择题:What is the term for a young tapir?a. Calfb. Pupc. Kitd. Hatchling答案:a27. 选择题:What do you call a young dolphin?A. CalfB. PupC. KitD. CubWhat do you call the study of the universe?A. BiologyB. GeographyC. AstronomyD. Chemistry29. 填空题:My mom is a __________ (会计师).30. 填空题:古代的________ (warriors) 通常受到尊重。
2019-2020学年上海民办华育中学高三英语三模试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海民办华育中学高三英语三模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are planning to visit the historic capital city of Scotland, Edinburgh, a travel destination that people crowd to from around the world, and want to attend one Festival while you are there, keep on reading to discover more information.AKA. Imaginate Festival When: 22 May – 2 June 2021Where: Traverse Theater, Assembly RoxyA festival where kids take overEdinburgh. With a whole range of free pop-up performances, take your kids to see some of the most inspiring theatre and dance from a whole range of talented performers.EdinburghInternational Film Festival When: 19 June – 29 June 2021Where: Film House, Festival TheaterOriginally the very best in international film, it was established in 1947. The dynamic programme features everything from documentaries to shorts, along with a range of experimental cinema, in an attractive setting with a spray of red carpet charm.EdinburghArt Festival When: 25 July – 25 August 2021Where: City ArtCenter, The Scottish GalleryWith over 40 exhibitions to attend, the Edinburgh Art Festival is theUK’s largest visual arts event where you can see everything from historical works to contemporary masterpieces.The RoyalEdinburghMilitary Tattoo When: 2 – 24 August 2021Where:EdinburghCastleWith a different theme every year, over 200,000 visitors crowd toEdinburghto see the military bands and the symbolic piper set against the backdrop ofEdinburghCastle.1. Who is the AKA. Imaginate Festival intended for?A. Children.B. Talented performers.C. Parents.D. Dancers.2. What’s special about Edinburgh Art Festival?A. It includes all forms of arts.B. It is about great works in history.C. It is the largest festival in the world.D. It lasts for the longest time.3. Which Festival offers performances by soldiers?A. Edinburgh Art FestivalB. AKA. Imaginate FestivalC. The RoyalEdinburghMilitary TattooD.EdinburghInternational Film FestivalBI was at the hardware store the other day and overheard a woman tell Ed., the manager, that fall was her favorite time of year. Ed., because he liked to keep his customers happy, agreed that fall was a wonderful season, but I could tell he was lying.I was going through my mind recently, trying to find sweet memories of fall. I failed. I met my wife in the summer and married her two summers later. My sons were born in the winter and summer, my granddaughter in the winter. I’ve been fried twice in my life, both in fall. One October, a truck carrying tofu ran a red light and hit me, destroying my favorite car, combining the three things I most hate - trucks, tofu and October.I'm not saying fall is without its attractions. The leavesare beautiful. But fall's vacillation (立场摇摆)is troubling, its effort (努力)to please everyone, its continuous search for the middle ground to be all things to all people. Say what you will about summer and winter, at least they have the courage to keep their opinions strong, even if they kill us with extreme heat or cold.I recently read a story of a man coming out of a three-month coma (昏迷). It started in early fall and ended just as winter came. I hope if I were ever in a coma I would be just as lucky as the man.Upon my awakening, one of my families who stood around my bed would ask. "Don't you remember anything from the past three months?""Not the first thing," I would happily report.If I ever have enough money. I'm going to buy a second home inAustralia, so that when fall starts here, I can move there for three months, just when spring is starting.4. What did Ed think of the customers words according to the author?A. Ed understood them and supported the customer completely.B. Ed might hold a different opinion on the topic.C. Ed believed the customer wasn't telling the truth.D. Ed thought they stood for most peoples' opinion.5. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A.The author has a big and loving family.B. The author is having a hard time at work.C. It is important to follow the rules of the road.D. Nothing good has happened to the author in fall.6. Why does the author say the man in Paragraph 4 was lucky?A. Because he slept fall away.B. Because he ho sweet memories of fall.C. Because hedreamed of fill many times.D. Because he was met by his family when waking up.7. Which of the following does the author most want to do?A. Drivetracks.B. Eat tofu dishes.C. Watch leaves falling in fall.D. Move toAustraliain October.CIt is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence.There are some other important ways we shape our kids — particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words.For example, we can say to a child “Don't run into traffic!” or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren't scaring themselves with what not to do.Actually, it is all in the way the human mind works.What we think, we automatically rehearse.For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn't be able to do it.When a child is told “Don't fall off the tree,” he will think of two things:“don't” and “fall off the tree”. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind.A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off.So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things.Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words.So parents should make their commands positive.“Sam, hold on firmly to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Don't you dare to fall out of the boat?” or “How do you think I'll feel if you drown?” The changes are small but the difference is obvious.Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive.8. Positive choice of words helps kids to ________.A. learn in different situationsB. do things carefullyC. build up their confidenceD. improve their imagination9. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. A child will act on what is instructed.B. One can't help imagining what is heard.C. A child will fall off the tree when told not to.D. One won't think of a blue monkey when given money.10. Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe?A. How do you think I'll feel if you get hurt?B. Don't play by the lake.C. Don't you dare to walk through the red light?D. Fasten your seat belt.11. The main idea of the passage is that ________.A. positive instructions guide kidsB. praise makes kids confidentC right instructions keep kids safe D. clear commands make kids differentDScientists have made great discoveries. But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teachkids about modern-day scientists?First, stories of scientists can encourage kids. Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he’s a real, guitar-playing person. He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people. Hearing scientists’ stories makes kids think “I can do that too!”But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up. Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut. But today, he’s made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer. Besides, it’s no secret that scientific discoveries require trying, and trying again.Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity. Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example, is an African-American, which is not common in his field. Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist.It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school. Often we consider ascientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn’t have to be true. They just need to have a great interest in science. Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science. As long as they’re interested, they are likely to become a scientist in the future.Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation others have laid. This is important — no one can do it alone. Scientists’ stories can encourage today’s young scientists to keep trying. They’ll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven’t made important discoveries, their research may help the following scientists.12. What can Chris Hadfield’s story tell students?A. Scientists are interested in different things.B. Students should have a hobby of their own.C. Scientists can be ordinary like people around us.D. Students should consider scientists as their models.13. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. African-Americans are more likely to become scientists.B. Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school.C. Not all scientists really show interest in science.D. Scientists are usually good at their schooling.14. The last paragraph shows us that ________.A. scientists should help each otherB. a scientist should never give up tryingC. making discoveries is necessary for scientistsD. new scientific discoveries may be based on others’ findings15. What is the text mainly about?A. Why scientists are important to us.B. Why students should be taught about scientists.C. Why students love stories of scientists.D. Why scientists can encourage students.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海华育中学选修三第二单元《随机变量及其分布》测试卷(含答案解析)
一、选择题1.近几年新能源汽车产业正持续快速发展,动力蓄电池技术是新能源汽车的核心技术.已知某品牌新能源汽车的车载动力蓄电池充放电次数达到800次的概率为90%,充放电次数达到1000次的概率为36%.若某用户的该品牌新能源汽车已经经过了800次的充放电,那么他的车能够达到充放电100次的概率为( ) A .0.324B .0.36C .0.4D .0.542.已知随机变量X 的分布列则对于任意01a b c <<<<,()E X 的取值范围是( ) A .10,3⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭B .1,13⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭C .()0,1D .1,3⎛+∞⎫ ⎪⎝⎭3.随机变量X 的概率分布为()()()1,2,31aP X n n n n ===+,其中a 是常数,则()E aX =( )A .3881B .139C .152243D .52274.从1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9中不放回地依次取2个数,事件A 为“第一次取到的是奇数”,B 为“第二次取到的是3的整数倍”,则(|)P B A =( )A .38B .1340C .1345 D .345.已知随机变量X 的分布列表如下表,且随机变量23Y X =+,则Y 的期望是( )A .73B .53C .13D .166.元旦游戏中有20道选择题,每道选择题给了4个选项(其中有且只有1个正确).游戏规定:每题只选1项,答对得2个积分,否则得0个积分.某人答完20道题,并且会做其中10道题,其它试题随机答题,则他所得积分X 的期望值()E X =( ) A .25B .24C .22D .207.甲、乙、丙三人每人准备在3个旅游景点中各选一处去游玩,则在“至少有1个景点未被选择”的条件下,恰有2个景点未被选择的概率是( ) A .17 B .18C .114D .3148.已知ξ是离散型随机变量,则下列结论错误的是( ) A .21133P P ξξ⎛⎫⎛⎫≤≤≤ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ B .()()()22E E ξξ≤C .()()1D D ξξ=-D .()()()221D D ξξ=-9.一个口袋中装有若干个除颜色外都相同的黑色、白色的小球,从中取出一个小球是白球的概率为35,连续取出两个小球都是白球的概率为25,已知某次取出的小球是白球,则随后一次取出的小球为白球的概率为( )A .35B .23C .25D .1510.已知随机变量X 的分布列如下表所示则(25)E X -的值等于 A .1B .2C .3D .411.已知一组数据12,,,n x x x 的平均数3x =,方差24s =,则数据1232,32,,32n x x x +++的平均数、方差分别为( )A .9,12B .9,36C .11,12D .11,3612.已知2~(1,)X N σ,(03)0.7P X <≤=,(02)0.6P X <≤=,则(3)≤=P X ( ) A .0.6B .0.7C .0.8D .0.9二、填空题13.下列命题中,正确命题的序号为_________.①已知随机变量X 服从二项分布(,)B n p ,若()30,()20E X D X ==,则23p =; ②将一组数据中的每个数据都加上同一个常数后,方差恒不变;③设随机变量ξ服从正态分布(0,1)N ,若(1)P p ξ=,则1(10)2P p ξ-<=-;④某人在10次射击中,击中目标的次数为,~(10,0.8)X X B ,则当8X =时概率最大. 14.已知随机变量X 的分布列为:则随机变量X 的方差()V X 的值为______. 15.随机变量X 的概率分布为2()(1,2,3)aP X n n n n===+,其中a 是常数,则()D aX =__________.16.袋中装有10个形状大小均相同的小球,其中有6个红球和4个白球.从中不放回地依次摸出2个球,记事件A =“第一次摸出的是红球”,事件B =“第二次摸出的是白球”,则()|P B A =______.17.(1)10件产品,其中3件是次品,任取2件,若ξ表示取到次品的个数,则()E ξ=_______;(2)设随机变量ξ的分布列为()P k ξ==21C ()()33k k n kn -,k =0,1,2,…,n ,且()24E ξ=,则()D ξ= _______;(3)设袋中有两个红球一个黑球,除颜色不同,其他均相同,现有放回地抽取,每次抽取一个,记下颜色后放回袋中,连续摸三次,X 表示三次中红球被摸中的次数(每个小球被抽取的概率相同,每次抽取相互独立),则方差()D X =______.18.袋中有20个大小相同的球,其中标号为0的有10个,标号为(1,2,3,4)n n =的有n 个.现从袋中任取一球,ξ表示所取球的标号.若2,()1a E ηξη=-=,则()D η的值为_____.参考答案三、解答题19.某公司向市场投放三种新型产品,经调查发现第一种产品受欢迎的概率为34,第二、第三种产品受欢迎的概率分别为p ,()q p q >,且不同种产品是否受欢迎相互独立,记ξ为公司向市场投放三种新型产品受欢迎的数量,其分布列为:(1)求该公司至少有一种产品受欢迎的概率; (2)求p ,q 的值; (3)求数学期望()E ξ.20.2020年某市教育主管部门为了解近期举行的数学竞赛的情况,随机抽取500名参赛考生的数学竞赛成绩进行分析,并制成如下的频率分布直方图:(1)求这500名考生的本次数学竞赛的平均成绩x (精确到整数); (2)由频率分布直方图可认为:这次竞赛成绩X 服从正态分布()2,N μσ,其中μ近似等于样本的平均数x ,σ近似等于样本的标准差s ,并已求得18s ≈.用该样本的频率估计总体的概率,现从该市所有考生中随机抽取10名学生,记这次数学竞赛成绩在(86,140]之外的人数为Y ,求(2)P Y =的值(精确到0.001). 附:(1)当()2,XN μσ时,()0.6827,(22)0.9545P X P X μσμσμσμσ-<+=-<+=;(2)820.81860.18140.0066⨯≈.21.在某校举行的数学竞赛中,全体参赛学生的竞赛成绩ξ近似服从正态分布()70,100N .已知成绩在90分以上(含90分)的学生有12名.(1)此次参赛的学生总数约为多少人?(2)若该校计划奖励竞赛成绩排在前50名的学生,则设奖的分数线约为多少分? 说明:对任何一个正态分布()2~,X Nμσ来说,通过1X Z μσ-=转化为标准正态分布()~0,1Z N ,从而查标准正态分布表得到()()1P X X Z <=Φ. 参考数据:可供查阅的(部分)标准正态分布表()Z Φ Z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 1.2 0.8849 0.869 0.8888 0.8907 0.8925 0.8944 0.8962 0.8980 0.8997 0.9015 1.30.90320.90490.90660.90820.90990.91150.91310.91470.91620.917722.某公司招聘员工,分初试和面试两个阶段,初试通过方可进入面试.受新冠疫情影响,初试采取线上考核的形式,共考核A、B、C三项技能,其中A必须过关,B、C 至少有一项过关才能进入面试.现有甲、乙、丙三位应聘者报名并参加初试,三人能否通过初试互不影响,每个人三项考核的过关率均相同,各项技能过关率如下表,且每一项考核能否过关相互独立.(Ⅱ)用X表示三位应聘者中能进面试的人数,求X的分布列及期望EX.23.学校趣味运动会上增加了一项射击比赛,比赛规则如下:向A、B两个靶子进行射击,先向A靶射击一次,命中得1分,没有命中得0分;再向B靶连续射击两次,如果只命中一次得2分,一次也没有命中得0分,如果连续命中两次则得5分.甲同学准备参赛,经过一定的训练,甲同学的射击水平显著提高,目前的水平是:向A靶射击,命中的概率是23;向B靶射击,命中的概率为34.假设甲同学每次射击结果相互独立.(1)求甲同学恰好命中一次的概率;(2)求甲同学获得的总分X的分布列及数学期望.24.2019新型冠状病毒引发的疫情被世界卫生组织列为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件.这种病毒可以通过飞沫进行传播,具有较强的传染性,由此导致大量的疑似病例产生,目前医院主要采用核酸检测法来判断疑似病例是否真的感染这种病毒.假定疑似病例中随机1人检测结果呈阳性的概率为0.02,且每个人检测是否呈阳性相互独立.有人提出建议,利用分组检测法可有效减少工作量,具体操作如下:将需要检测的疑似病例随机等分成若干组,并将每组送检的样本混在一起检测(假设样本混合后不影响原有样本检测的结果),若结果呈阴性,则可断定本组样本全部为阴性,不必再检测;若结果呈阳性,则本组中至少有一个样本呈阳性,再逐个检测.(1)某医院每天要完成40个疑似病例的样本检测,现有两个分组方案:方案一:将40人分成5组,每组8人,方案二:将40人分成8组,每组5人,试分析哪一个方案工作量更少;(2)你能否给第(1)问中的医院提供一个更加合理的方案,并说明理由.25.某商场在“双十二”进行促销活动,现有甲、乙两个盒子,甲盒中有3红2白共5个小球,乙盒中有1红4白共5个小球,这些小球除颜色外完全相同.有两种活动规则: 规则一:顾客先从甲盒中随机摸取一个小球,从第二次摸球起,若前一次摸到红球,则还从该盒中摸取一个球,若前一次摸到白球,则从另一个盒中摸取一个球,每摸出1个红球奖励100元,每个顾客只有3次摸球机会(每次摸球都不放回);规则二:顾客先从甲盒中随机摸取一个小球,从第二次摸球起,若前一次摸到红球,则要从甲盒中摸球一个,若前一次摸到白球,则要从乙盒中摸球一个,每摸出1个红球奖励100元,每个顾客只有3次摸球机会(每次摸球都不放回). (1)按照“规则一”,求一名顾客摸球获奖励金额的数学期望; (2)请问顾客选择哪种规则进行抽奖更有利,并请说明理由.26.某单位招考工作人员,须参加初试和复试,初试通过后组织考生参加复试,共5000人参加复试,复试共三道题,第一题考生答对得3分,答错得0分,后两题考生每答对一道题得5分,答错得0分,答完三道题后的得分之和为考生的复试成绩.(1)通过分析可以认为考生初试成绩X 服从正态分布2(,)N μδ,其中64μ=,2169δ=,试估计初试成绩不低于90分的人数;(2)已知某考生已通过初试,他在复试中第一题答对的概率为34,后两题答对的概率均为23,且每道题回答正确与否互不影响.记该考生的复试试成绩为Y ,求Y 的分布列及数学期望.附:若随机变量X 服从正态分布2(,)N μδ,则()0.6826P X μδμδ-<<+=,()220.9544P X μδμδ-<<+=,()330.9974P X μδμδ-<<+=.【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题 1.C 解析:C 【分析】事件A 表示“充放电次数达到800次”,事件B 表示“充放电次数达到1000次”,则()0.9=P A ,()0.36P AB =,结合条件概率的计算公式,即可求解. 【详解】设事件A 表示“充放电次数达到800次”,事件B 表示“充放电次数达到1000次”, 则()90%0.9,()36%0.36P A P AB ====,所以某用户的该品牌新能源汽车已经经过了800次的充放电, 那么他的车能够达到充放电1000次的概率为:()0.36(|)0.4()0.9P AB P B A P A ===. 故选:C. 【点睛】本题主要考查了条件概率的计算,其中解答中熟记条件概率的计算公式,正确理解题意是解答的关键,着重考查推理与运算能力,属于基础题.2.B解析:B 【分析】由题易得222()E X a b c =++,结合题中条件再由基本不等式可得2222()133a b c a b c ++++>=,即1()3E X >;再由2222()2()12()1a b c a b c ab bc ca ab bc ca ++=++-++=-++<,即()1E X <,最后得出()E X 的取值范围. 【详解】由随机变量的期望定义可得出222()E X a b c =++, 因为01a b c <<<<,且1a b c ++=,所以222222222a b aba c acbc bc ⎧+>⎪+>⎨⎪+>⎩,三式相加并化简可得222a b c ab bc ac ++>++,故2222222222()2222()3()a b c a b c ac bc ab a b c ac bc ab a b c ++=+++++=+++++<++,即2222()133a b c a b c ++++>=,所以2()1()33a b c E X ++>=,又因为2()()2()12()1E X a b c ab bc ca ab bc ca =++-++=-++<,所以1()13E X <<. 故选:B . 【点睛】本题考查随机变量的期望,考查基本不等式的应用,考查逻辑思维能力和运算求解能力,属于常考题.3.D解析:D 【分析】根据裂项相消法以及概率的性质求出a ,再得出()E X ,最后由()()E aX aE X =得出答案. 【详解】()()11a a aP X n n n n n ===-++(1)(2)(3)1P X P X P X =+=+== 122334a a a a a a ∴-+-+-=,解得43a =则221(1),(2),(3)2369129a a a P X P X P X ========= 62113()1239999E X ∴=⨯+⨯+⨯=452()()392137E aX aE X ∴==⨯=故选:D 【点睛】本题主要考查了随机变量分布列的性质以及均值的性质,属于中档题.4.B解析:B 【分析】由条件概率的定义()(|)()P A B P B A P A =,分别计算(),()P A B P A 即得解.【详解】 由题意5()9P A = 事件AB 为“第一次取到的是奇数且第二次取到的是3的整数倍”:若第一次取到的为3或9,第二次有2种情况;若第一次取到的为1,5,7,第二次有3种情况,故共有223313⨯+⨯=个事件1313()9872P A B ==⨯由条件概率的定义:()13(|)()40P A B P B A P A ==故选:B 【点睛】本题考查了条件概率的计算,考查了学生概念理解,分类讨论,数学运算的能力,属于中档题.5.A解析:A 【分析】由随机变量X 的分布列求出m ,求出()E X ,由23Y X =+,得()()23E Y E X =+,由此能求出结果. 【详解】由随机变量X 的分布列得:11123m ++=, 解得16m =, ()11111012363E X ∴=-⨯+⨯+⨯=-,23Y X =+,()()2723333E Y E X ∴=+=-+=.故选:A . 【点睛】本题考查离散型随机变量的数学期望的求法,考查离散型随机变量的分布列、数学期望的性质等基础知识,考查运算求解能力,考查函数与方程思想,是基础题.6.A解析:A 【分析】设剩余10题答对题目为Y 道,则可表示出总的得分情况为202X Y =+.由二项分布可先求得()E Y ,即可得所得积分X 的期望值()E X 【详解】设剩余10题答对题目为Y 个,有10道题目会做,则总得分为202X Y =+,且1~10,4Y B ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭由二项分布的期望可知()110 2.54E Y =⨯= 所以()()2202 2.52025E X E Y =+=⨯+= 故选:A 【点睛】本题考查了离散型随机变量的简单应用,二项分布的数学期望求法,属于中档题.7.A解析:A【分析】设事件A 为:至少有1个景点未被选择,事件B 为:恰有2个景点未被选择,计算()P AB 和()P A ,再利用条件概率公式得到答案.【详解】设事件A 为:至少有1个景点未被选择,事件B 为:恰有2个景点未被选择331()39P AB == 3337()139A P A =-=()1()()7P AB P B A P A == 故答案选A 【点睛】本题考查了条件概率,意在考查学生对于条件概率的理解和计算.8.D解析:D 【分析】利用概率、数学期望、方差的性质直接求解. 【详解】在A 中,211113333P P P P ξξξξ⎛⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫≤=-≤≤≤≤=≤≤ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭,故A 正确;在B 中,由数学期望的性质得()()()22E E ξξ≤,故B 正确;在C 中,由方差的性质得()()1D D ξξ=-,故C 正确; 在D 中,()()()()()22214D D D D ξξξξ≠-=+,故D 错误.故选D. 【点睛】本题考查命题真假的判断,考查概率、数学期望、方差的性质等基础知识,考查运算求解能力,是基础题.9.B解析:B 【分析】直接利用条件概率公式求解即可. 【详解】设第一次取白球为事件A ,第二次取白球为事件B ,连续取出两个小球都是白球为事件AB ,则()P A =35,()P AB =25,某次取出的小球是白球,则随后一次取出的小球为白球的概率为()()()225|335P AB P B A P A ===,故选B. 【点睛】本题主要考查条件概率公式的应用,属于基础题.求解条件概率时,一要区分条件概率与独立事件同时发生的概率的区别与联系;二要熟记条件概率公式()()()|P AB P B A P A =.10.A解析:A 【分析】先求出b 的值,再利用期望公式求出E(X),再利用公式求出()25E X -. 【详解】由题得0.1+0.2+0,20.11,0.4,b b ++=∴=,所以()10.120.230.440.250.13E X =⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯= 所以(25)2()52351E X E X -=-=⨯-=. 故答案为A 【点睛】(1)本题主要考查分布列的性质和期望的计算,意在考查学生对这些知识的掌握水平和分析推理能力.(2) 若a b ηξ=+(a 、b 是常数),ξ是随机变量,则η也是随机变量,E η=()E a b aE b ξξ+=+,2()D a b a D ξξ+=.11.D解析:D 【解析】分析:由题意结合平均数,方程的性质即可求得新数据的平均数和方差. 详解:由题意结合平均数,方程的性质可知: 数据1232,32,,32n x x x +++的平均数为:3211x +=,方差为22336s ⨯=.本题选择D 选项.点睛:本题主要考查平均数的性质,方差的性质等知识,意在考查学生的转化能力和计算求解能力.12.D解析:D 【解析】分析:根据随机变量X 服从正态分布,可知正态曲线的对称轴,利用对称性,即可求得()3P X ≤.详解:由题意230.70.60.1P x =-=,(<<) , ∵随机变量()2~1,X N σ,(02)0.6P X <≤=,(12)0.3P X <≤=∴()130.30.10.4,P X <≤=+=30.40.50.9P X =+=(<), 故选D .点睛:本题主要考查正态分布曲线的特点及曲线所表示的意义、函数图象对称性的应用等基础知识,属于基础题.二、填空题13.②③④【分析】根据二项分布的均值与方差公式计算判断A 由方差公式判断B 由正态分布判断C 由独立重复试验的概率公式判断D 【详解】根据二项分布的数学期望和方差的公式可得解得所以①错误;根据方差的计算公式可知解析:②③④ 【分析】根据二项分布的均值与方差公式计算判断A ,由方差公式判断B ,由正态分布判断C ,由独立重复试验的概率公式判断D . 【详解】根据二项分布的数学期望和方差的公式,可得()30,()(1)20E X np D X np p ===-=,解得13p =,所以①错误; 根据方差的计算公式可知,将一组数据中的每个数据都加上同一个常数后,方差恒不变,所以②正确;由正态分布的图像的对称性可得12(1)121(10)222P p P p ξξ---<===-,所以③正确;由独立重复试验的概率的计算公式可得,由10101111100.80.2()4(11)1(1)0.80.2k k k k k k C P X k k P X k C k----⋅=-==>=-,得8.8k <,即8k ≤时,()()1P X k P x k =>=-,同理得9k ≥时,()(1)p X k p x k =<=-,即(8)P X =最大,88210(8)(0.8)(10.8)P X C ==-,所以④正确.所以正确命题的序号为②③④.故答案为:②③④. 【点睛】本题考查二项分布,正态分布,随机变量的方差.正态分布曲线具有对称性,常常出现由对称性求概问题,二项分布中概率公式是()(1)k k n kn P X k C p p -==-,可用作商法确定其中的最大值或最小值.14.【分析】由分布列求出然后由方差公式计算方差【详解】由题意故答案为:【点睛】本题考查随机变量的概率分布列考查随机变量的方差根据分布列计算出期望再由方差公式计算即得考查了学生的运算求解能力解析:65216【分析】由分布列求出q ,然后由方差公式计算方差. 【详解】 由题意1111362q =--=, 111()11263E X =-⨯+⨯=-,222111111165()(1)(0)()2333663216V X =⨯-++⨯++⨯+=.故答案为:65216. 【点睛】本题考查随机变量的概率分布列,考查随机变量的方差.根据分布列计算出期望,再由方差公式计算即得.考查了学生的运算求解能力.15.【分析】根据随机变量分布列概率和为1求出求出再由方差性质即可求解【详解】由题意得则∴则∴故答案为:【点睛】本题考查离散型随机变量分布列性质期望方差以及方差的性质考查计算求解能力属于中档题 解析:608729【分析】根据随机变量分布列概率和为1求出a ,求出(),()E X D X ,再由方差性质,即可求解. 【详解】 由题意得11111311122334223344a a a a a ⎛⎫++=-+-+-== ⎪⨯⨯⨯⎝⎭, 则43a =,∴()213P X ==,()229P X ==,()139P X ==,则24113()3939E X =++=,222132********()12393999981D X ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-⨯+-⨯+-⨯=⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭,∴2608()()729D aX a D X ==. 故答案为:608729【点睛】本题考查离散型随机变量分布列性质、期望、方差以及方差的性质,考查计算求解能力,属于中档题.16.【分析】首先第一次摸出红球为事件第二次摸出白球为事件分别求出利用条件概率公式即可求解【详解】由题意事件A 第一次摸到红球的概率为:又由第一次摸到红球且第二次摸到白球的概率为根据条件概率公式可得故答案为解析:49【分析】首先第一次摸出红球为事件A ,第二次摸出白球为事件B ,分别求出(),()P A P B ,利用条件概率公式,即可求解. 【详解】由题意,事件A“第一次摸到红球”的概率为:6()10P A =, 又由“第一次摸到红球且第二次摸到白球”的概率为6424()10990P A B =⨯=, 根据条件概率公式,可得()()24104|()9069P A B P B A P A ==⨯=,故答案为49. 【点睛】本题主要考查了概率的计算方法,主要是考查了条件概率与独立事件的理解,属于中档题.看准确事件之间的联系,正确运用公式,是解决本题的关键,着重考查了推理与运算能力.17.8【解析】(1)由题意得随机变量的可能取值为012所以(2)由题意可知所以解得所以(3)每次取球时取到红球的概率为黑球的概率为所以服从二项分布即所以解析:358 23 【解析】(1)由题意得,随机变量ξ的可能取值为0,1,2,()27210C 70C 15P ξ===,()1P ξ=1173210C C 7C 15==, ()23210C 12C 15P ξ===,所以()77130121515155E ξ=⨯+⨯+⨯=. (2)由题意可知2,3B n ξ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭~,所以()2243n E ξ==,解得36n =,所以()D ξ= 22361833⎛⎫⨯⨯-= ⎪⎝⎭.(3)每次取球时,取到红球的概率为23、黑球的概率为13,所以X 服从二项分布,即23,3X B ⎛⎫~ ⎪⎝⎭,所以()22231333D X ⎛⎫=⨯⨯-= ⎪⎝⎭.18.【解析】根据题意得出随机变量ξ的分布列: 0 1 2 3 4 P ∵∴即a=2∴∵故答案为11 解析:11【解析】根据题意得出随机变量ξ的分布列:()01234220102052E ξ=⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯= ,∵2,()1a E ηξη=-= ,∴3122a =⨯- , 即a=2,∴22,()1E ηξη=-= ,22222131113331311()234222021022020524D ξ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=⨯+⨯-+⨯-+⨯-+⨯-= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭ ,∵11()4()4114D D ηξ==⨯= . 故答案为11.三、解答题19.(1)1920;(2)23p =,25q =;(3)10960. 【分析】(1)根据对立事件的概率公式计算可得结果; (2)由1(0)20P ξ==与1(3)5P ξ==联立可解得结果; (3)求出,a b 后,根据数学期望公式可求得结果. 【详解】(1)设事件i A 表示“该公司第i 种产品受欢迎”,1i =,2,3. 由题意可知()134P A =,()2P A p =,()3P A q =.由于事件“该公司至少有一种产品受欢迎”与事件“0ξ=”是对立的,所以该公司至少有一种产品受欢迎的概率是()1191012020P ξ-==-=. (2)由题意可知,()()()()12311011420P P A A A p q ξ===--=, 且()()12331345P P A A A pq ξ====, 所以整理得,415pq =,且1615p q +=,结合p q >解得23p =,25q =.(3)由题意可知,()()()()1231231231a P P A A A P A A A P A A A ξ===++()()()()3111111444p q p q p q =--+-+- 313123112435435435=⨯⨯+⨯⨯+⨯⨯ 1760=, ()()()()21013b P P P P ξξξξ===-=-=-=1171120605=--- 715=, 因此,()()()()00112233E P P P P ξξξξξ=⨯=+⨯=+⨯=+⨯=1771012360155=+⨯+⨯+⨯ 10960=. 【点睛】关键点点睛:利用独立事件的乘法公式求出,a b 是解题关键. 20.(1)104(分);(2)0.298. 【分析】(1)根据频率分布直方图,利用平均数公式求解.(2)由104,18μσ==,求得(86140)(2)P X P X μσμσ<=-<+,进而得到(P X μσ-或2)X μσ>+,然后由()10,0.1814Y B ~求解.【详解】(1)10(650.0028750.01850.01950.0181050.02x =⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯,1150.0181250.0121350.008+⨯+⨯+⨯1450.0012)+⨯1010.416104.16104(=⨯=≈分).(2)由题意知()2,,X Nμσ~且104,18μσ==,所以8610418,1401041822μσμσ=-=-=+⨯=+, 所以0.68270.9545(86140)(2)0.81862P X P X μσμσ+<=-<+==,所以(P X μσ-或2)10.81860.1814X μσ>+=-=, 所以()10,0.1814Y B ~,所以()228102C 0.18140.8186450.006630.298P Y ==⨯⨯≈⨯≈.【点睛】结论点睛:(1)若X 服从正态分布,即X ~N (μ,σ2),要充分利用正态曲线的关于直线X =μ对称和曲线与x 轴之间的面积为1.(2)二项分布是概率论中最重要的几种分布之一,在实际应用和理论分析中都有重要的地位.①判断一个随机变量是否服从二项分布,关键有二:其一是独立性,即一次试验中,事件发生与不发生二者必居其一;其二是重复性,即试验是独立重复地进行了n 次. ②对于二项分布,如果在一次试验中某事件发生的概率是p ,那么在n 次独立重复试验中这个事件恰好发生k 次的概率是P (X =k )=kk n kn p q C -.其中k =0,1,…,n ,q =1-p .21.(1)526(人);(2)83分. 【分析】(1)由题意知9070(90)(2)10P ξ-⎛⎫<=Φ=Φ ⎪⎝⎭,则(90)1(90)P P ξξ=-<可求,结合对应人数可得总人数;(2)假定设奖的分数线为x 分,由题意知7050()10.095110526x P x ξ-⎛⎫=-Φ== ⎪⎝⎭,查表得x 值.【详解】 (1)由题意知9070(90)1(90)11(2)10.97720.022810P P ξξ-⎛⎫=-<=-Φ=-Φ=-= ⎪⎝⎭,故此次参赛的学生总数约为125260.0228≈(人).(2)假定设奖的分数线为x 分,由题意知7050()1()10.095110526x P x P x ξξ-⎛⎫=-<=-Φ== ⎪⎝⎭, 即700.904910x -⎛⎫Φ=⎪⎝⎭,查表得70 1.3110x -=, 解得83.1x =,故设奖的分数线约为83分. 【点睛】本题关键在于正确理解正态分布概率计算公式及运用. 22.(Ⅰ)12;(Ⅱ)答案见解析. 【分析】(Ⅰ)将事件分成三类,,ABC ABC ABC ,即可求取概率; (Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知每人过关率均为12,随机变量X 服从二项分布,即可解相关问题. 【详解】解:(Ⅰ)甲应聘者这三项考核分别记为事件A ,B ,C ,且事件A ,B ,C 相互独立,则甲应聘者能进入面试的概率2112112111()()()3223223222P ABC P ABC P ABC ++=⋅⋅+⋅⋅+⋅⋅=. (Ⅱ)由题知,X 的所有可能取值为0,1,2,3,且1~3,2X B ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭.30311(0)28P X C ⎛⎫=== ⎪⎝⎭;213113(1)228P X C ⎛⎫⎛⎫=== ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭; 223113(2)228P X C ⎛⎫⎛⎫=== ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭;333111(3)228P X C ⎛⎫⎛⎫=== ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭, 分布列为:∵~3,2X B ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,13322EX =⋅=.【点晴】第二问关键在于判断X 服从二项分布,再由其性质解题. 23.(1)16;(2)分布列见解析;期望为20348. 【分析】(1)记“甲同学恰好命中一次”为事件C ,“甲射击命中A 靶”为事件D ,“甲第一次射击B 靶命中”为事件E ,“甲第二次射击B 靶命中”为事件F ,然后利用互斥事件概率的求解方法求解即可.(2)随机变量X 的可能取值为:0,1,2,3,5,6,求出概率,列出分布列,然后求解期望. 【详解】(1)记“甲同学恰好命中一次”为事件C ,“甲射击命中A 靶”为事件D ,“甲第一次射击B 靶命中”为事件E ,“甲第二次射击B 靶命中”为事件F ,由题意可知()23P D =,()()34P E P F ==.由于C DEF DEF DEF =++,()()21111313134434413446P C P DEF DEF DEF =++=⨯⨯+⨯⨯+⨯⨯=.(2)随机变量X 的可能取值为:0,1,2,3,5,6.()1111034448P X ==⨯⨯=()2111134424P X ==⨯⨯=()12113123448P X C ==⨯⨯⨯=()12231334144P X C ==⨯⨯⨯=()1333534416P X ==⨯⨯=()233363448P X ==⨯⨯=()48E X =. 【点睛】 关键点点睛:古典概型及其概率计算公式的应用,求离散型随机变量的分布列及其期望的求法,解题的关键为正确求出X =0,1,2,3,5,6,所对应的概率. 24.(1)方案一,理由见解析;(2)答案见解析. 【分析】(1)设方案一中每组检测的次数为X ,则X 的取值为1、9,求出对应的概率得出分布列求出期望,设方案二中每组检测的次数为Y ,则Y 的取值为1、6,求出对应的概率得出分布列求出期望,得出答案.(2)可以采用两次分组的方案:第一次分4组,每组10人,对于任意一组,若第一次检测结果为阴性,则不再检测,若第一次检测结果为阳性,则将这10人再次分为2组,每组5人,此时这2组分别进行一次检测,则这2组的检测结果为1阴1阳,或2阳,若某小组的检测结果为阳性,则需对该小组人员逐一检测,求出对应的概率得出分布列求出期望,得出答案 【详解】(1)设方案一中每组检测的次数为X ,则X 的取值为1、9, ∴8(1)0.980.851P X ==≈,8(9)10.980.149P X ==-≈, ∴X 的分布列为:0.149 2.192⨯=,故方案一检测次数的总期望值为2.192510.96⨯=, 设方案二中每组检测的次数为Y ,则Y 的取值为1、6, ∴5(1)0.980.904P Y ==≈,5(6)10.980.096P Y ==-≈, ∴Y 的分布列为:0.096 1.48=,故方案二检测次数的总期望值为1.48811.84⨯=, ∵10.9611.84<,∴方案一的工作量更少; (2)可以采用两次分组的方案:第一次分4组,每组10人,对于任意一组,若第一次检测结果为阴性,则不再检测, 若第一次检测结果为阳性,则将这10人再次分为2组,每组5人, 此时这2组分别进行一次检测,则这2组的检测结果为1阴1阳,或2阳, 若某小组的检测结果为阳性,则需对该小组人员逐一检测, 设该方案中每10人组检测的总次数为Z ,则Z 的取值为1、8、13, ∴10(1)0.980.817P Z ==≈,1552(8)0.98(10.98)0.174P Z C ==⨯⨯-≈,(13)10.8170.1740.009P Z ==--=,∴Z 的分布列为:130.009 2.326⨯=,故该方案检测次数的总期望值为2.32649.304⨯=,∵9.30410.96<,∴该方案的工作量更少.【点睛】关键点睛:本题考查离散型随机变量的分布列和期望,解答本题的关键是设计一个方案,采用两次分组的方案:第一次分4组,每组10人,对于任意一组,若第一次检测结果为阴性,则不再检测,若第一次检测结果为阳性,则将这10人再次分为2组,每组5人,此时这2组分别进行一次检测,则这2组的检测结果为1阴1阳,或2阳,若某小组的检测结果为阳性,则需对该小组人员逐一检测,然后求出其概率,属于中档题.25.(1)138;(2)选择规则一更有利.理由见解析.【分析】(1)按规则一,设3次摸球后摸到的红球个数为随机变量X ,其可能的取值有0,1,2,3,4利用互斥事件以及独立事件同时发生的计算公式分别计算出各个概率的值,并列出分布列,而所求的奖励金额为随机变量100X ,根据期望计算公式即可求解;(2)与(1)同方法可求出规则二的奖励金额的期望,与(1)中的结果相比较,即可知规则一更有利.【详解】解:(1)按照规则一,设顾客经过3次摸球后摸取的红球个数为X ,则X 可以取0,1,2,3,则()2412055425==⨯⨯=P X ; ()32421424314154555455425==⨯⨯+⨯⨯+⨯⨯=P X ; ()32232113254354550==⨯⨯+⨯⨯=P X ; ()3211354310==⨯⨯=P X . 随机变量X 的分布列为:()214131100100012313825255010⎛⎫=⨯⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯= ⎪⎝⎭E X . (2)若选规则二,设顾客经过3次摸球后摸取的红球个数为Y ,则Y 可以取0,1,2,3 ()2436055425==⨯⨯=P Y ; ()32421124117154555455450==⨯⨯+⨯⨯+⨯⨯=P Y ;()3223212138254354555425==⨯⨯+⨯⨯+⨯⨯=P Y ; ()3211354310==⨯⨯=P Y . 随机变量Y 的分布列为:()61781100100012312825502510⎛⎫=⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯= ⎪⎝⎭E Y , 因为()()100100>E X E Y ,所以选择规则一更有利.【点睛】方法点睛:与数学期望相关的决策性问题解题步骤:①设出随机变量,并写出其所有可能的取值;②求出每个随机变量的概率;③写出分布列;④求出数学期望;⑤针对具体的问题选择合适的方案.26.(1)114人;(2)分布列见解析,10712. 【分析】(1)通过分析得64μ=,13δ=,26421390μδ+=+⨯=,初试成绩不低于90分的概率为()90P X ≥求得人数;(2)由题得Y 的取值分别为0,3,5,8,10,13,分别计算对应概率列出分布列得解.【详解】(1)∵学生笔试成绩X 服从正态分布()2,N μδ,其中64μ=,2169δ=, 26421390μδ+=+⨯=∴()()()190210.95440.02282P X P X μδ≥=≥+=-= ∴估计笔试成绩不低于90分的人数为0.022********⨯=人 (2)Y 的取值分别为0,3,5,8,10,13,则()23210(1)(1)4336P Y ==-⨯-= ()232313(1)433612P Y ==⨯-== ()1232215(1)(1)4339P Y C ==-⨯⨯⨯-= ()12322318(1)43393P Y C ==⨯⨯⨯-==。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
华育国际
结业考试全国统考试卷
(笔试)
适用对象:三期学员 考试范围: JavaEE 企业级应用开发
.NET 应用开发 就业力提升(ESD) Linux 高级操作系统 PHP LAMP 企业及开发 大型数据库应用与开发(Oracle)
试卷种类: B 答卷时间:60 分钟 考场编号: 考生姓名: 准考证号:
A)Check
B)Unique
C)Primary key
D)Foreign key
17. {Oracle 题目} 根据条件,你将使用哪条语句? (选择 1 项)
1) 修改表 INVENTORY 的 PRICE 列值的精度为 6 含 2 位小数且 PRICE 的默认值为
$5.00
ECSE2.0JavaEE
A) 主要是这份工作的内容很吸引我。
B) 贵公司在业界颇出名的,听说管理也很人性化。
C) 我的大学同学在贵公司会计部工作,是他建议我来应征的。
D) 贵公司所处的产业,以及在业界的声誉、工作性质,都很吸引我。
6. {ESD 题目}面试中常见问题“你对你的薪酬有什么要求?”最理想的回答是哪项?
A) 按公司的薪酬制度
2)表 INVENTORY 中无记录.
A)ALTER TABLE inventory ADD OR REPLACE (price NUMBER(8,2) DEFAULT 5);
B)ALTER TABLE inventory MODIFY (price NUMBER(6,2) DEFAULT 5);
C)ALTER TABLE inventory MODIFY COLUMN (price NUMBER(6,2) DEFAULT '$5.00')
息.
D)返回单价大于 8.00 或者数量大于 1000 的制造商的所有存货的 货号、种类、单价信
息.
15. {Oracle 题目} 哪一个是 SQL*Plus 命令? (选择 1 项)
A)UPDATE
B)PROMPT
C)SELECT
D)ALTER TABLE
16. {Oracle 题目} Oracle 会为下列哪些约束自动建立索引:(选择 2 项)
合键( )?(选择 1 项)
A) Shift+Home B) Ctrl+ PgUp C) Alt+ PgDn
D) Shift+ PgUp
22. {Linux 题目}文件权限读、写、执行的三种标志符号是( )?(选择 1 项)
A) rwx
B) xrw
C) rdx
D) srw
23. {Linux 题目}Linux 文件名的长度不得超过( )个字符?(选择 1 项)。
D)不能减小列长度.
18. {Oracle 题目}在 oracle 中哪个操作符用于两个或多个字符串合并在一起,或者将一个
字符串与一个数据值合并在一起。(选择 1 项)
A)+
B)&
C)#
D)||
19. {Oracle 题目}哪一子句可实现 SELECT 语句查询员工平均工资小于 5000 的部门信息 ?
一个回答能充分显示出你的稳定性,从而让人事主管接受?
A) 这问题可能要等我工作一段时间后,才能比较具体地回答。
B) 一份工作至少要做 3 年、5 年,才能学习到精华的部分。
C) 这个问题蛮难回答的,可能要看当时的情形。
D) 至少 2 年,2 年后我计划再出国深造。
5. {ESD 题目}面试中常见问题“你为什么想来我们公司工作?” 最理想的回答是哪项?
A) 数据量评估、数据运算
B) 检索效率评估、数据备份与回复策略设计
C) 历史数据处理机制设计、撰写《数据库设计说明书》
D) 数据库对象设计(表、视图、触发器、存储过程、索引、约束和限制等)的设计
9. {ESD 题目}鲜明的演讲题目应该具备什么样的特点?
A) 简明性
B) 概括性
C) 指向性
D) 选择性
C) strchr($email, "@");
D) substr($email, strpos($email, "@")+1);
27. {PHP LAMP 题目}如何给变量$a,$b 和$c 赋值才能使以下脚本显示字符串“Hello,
World!”? (选择 1 项)
ECSE2.0JavaEE
<?php $string = "Hello, World!"; $a = ____; $b = ____; $c = _____; if($a){
price > 8.00 OR quantity > 1000);
A)返回单价大于 8.00 且数量大于 1000 的存货的 货号、种类、单价信息
B)返回单价大于 8.00 或者数量大于 1000 的存货的 货号、种类、单价信息.
C)返回单价大于 8.00 或者数量大于 1000 且有制造商号的存货的 货号、种类、单价信
A)一个系统权限被授予用户 JOE
B) 一个对象权限被授予用户 JOE
C) 用户 JOE 被授予在这个对象上的所有权限
D) 一个系统权限和一个对象权限被授予用户 JOE
12. {Oracle 题目} 哪一子句可实现 SELECT 语句查询单价小于 5.00 的 ID_NUMBER ? (选
择 1 项)
(2)SELECT COUNT(SUBJECT_ID) FROM teacher;
下列哪句话是正确的:
A) 语句 1 将返回老师的总数
B) 语句 2 将返回老师的总数
C) 两句都返回老师的总数
D) 以上说话都不对
21. {Linux 题目}当用命令 ls –al 查看文件和目录时,欲观看卷过屏幕的内容,应使用组
A)
D) 512
24. {Linux 题目}进程有哪三种状态?(选择 1 项)
A) 准备态、执行态和退出态
B) 精确态、模糊态和随机态
C) 运行态、就绪态和等待态
D) 手工态、自动态和自由态
25. {Linux 题目}Apache 服务器默认的接听连接端口号是什么?(选择 1 项)
A) 这问题可能要等我工作一段时间后,才能比较具体地回答。
B) 一份工作至少要做 3 年、5 年,才能学习到精华的部分。
C) 这个问题蛮难回答的,可能要看当时的情形。
D) 至少 2 年,2 年后我计划再出国深造。
4. {ESD 题目}面试中常见问题“如果我录用你,你认为你在这份工作上会待多久呢?”哪
(选择 1 项)
A)GROUP BY dept_id WHERE AVG(sal) < 5000
B)GROUP BY AVG(sal) HAVING AVG(sal) < 5000
C)GROUP BY dept_id HAVING AVG(sal) < 5000
D)GROUP BY AVG(sal) < 5000
A) 1024
B) 800
C) 80
D) 8
26. {PHP LAMP 题目}变量$email 的值是字符串 user@ ,以下哪项能把字符串
转化成 ? (选择 1 项)
A) substr($email, strpos($email, "@"));
B) strstr($email, "@");
10. {ESD 题目}软件工程的基本概念有哪些?
A) 软件危机、程序设计语言
B) 面向对象的分析设计方法
C) 项目管理、UML
D) 软件项目,开发模型
ECSE2.0JavaEE
11. {Oracle 题目}你判断下面语句,有什么作用?(选择 1 项)
GRANT update ON inventory TO joe WITH GRANT OPTION;
if($b && !$c) { echo "Goodbye Cruel World!"; } else if(!$b && !$c) { echo "Nothing here"; }
} Else { if(!$b) { if(!$a && (!$b && $c)) { echo "Hello, World!"; } else {
20. {Oracle 题目}表(TEACHER)包含以下列: (选择 1 项)
ID NUMBER(7) PK
SALARY NUMBER(7,2)
SUBJECT_ID NUMBER(7) NOT NULL
判断以下两个 SQL 语句:
(1)SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT SUBJECT_ID) FROM teacher ;
C)语法错误,因为视图不可基于连接查询.
D)语法错,因为语句未包含 ORDER BY 子句.
14. {Oracle 题目} 判断下面句子,将返回什么值? (选择 1 项)
SELECT id_number, description, price FROM inventory
WHERE manufacturer_id IN (SELECT manufacturer_id FROM inventory WHERE
SELECT C.class_name, s.class_time FROM classes c, schedule s WHERE C.id =
s.class_id;
A)语句创建视图 CLASS_SCHEDULE 且可产生预期结果.
B)语句创建视图 CLASS_SCHEDULE 但不能产生预期结果.