实验报告12

学生实验报告学生姓名学号同组人：无实验项目√必修□选修□演示性实验□验证性实验√操作性实验□综合性实验实验地点H535 实验仪器台号指导教师实验日期及节次一、实验综述1、实验目的及要求2、实验仪器、设备或软件Visual C++二、实验过程（实验步骤、记录、数据、分析）1.判断下列主函数程序哪一句错误，给出原因，应如何修改？#include <iostream.h>class base{ //基类int x;public:void setx(int n){x=n;}void showx(){cout<<x<<endl;}};class derived:private base{ //私有派生类int y;public:void sety(int m){y=m;}void showy(){cout<<y<<endl;}};void main(){derived obj;obj.setx(10); //?obj.sety(20); //?obj.showx(); //?obj.showy(); //?}改正：主函数中，对象obj.sex(10)和obj.showx()错误，因为函数是私有继承，对象obj不能访问私有成员。

将class derived:private base改成class derived:public base 即可。

2. 首先完成下列person的定义，然后从person类派生一个教师类，新增的属性有:专业，职称，主讲课程（一门），并为这些属性定义相应的方法。

(本题不需要设计构造函数)class person{char *Name;int Age;char Sex;public:void Init(char *name, int age, char sex); //初始化对象~person();char *GetName() {return Name;}int GetAge() {return Age;}char GetSex() {return Sex;}void show();};代码：#include <iostream.h>#include<string.h>class person{char *Name;int Age;char Sex;public:void Init(char *name, int age, char sex){Name=new char[strlen(name)+1];strcpy(Name,name);Age=age;Sex=sex;}//~person();char *GetName() {return Name;}int GetAge() {return Age;}char GetSex() {return Sex;}void show(){cout<<Name<<" "<<Age<<"\t"<<Sex<<"\t";}};class techers :public person{char *major,*position,*course;public:char* getmajor(){return major; }char* getposition(){return position;}char* getcourse(){return course;}void init(char *name, int age, char sex,char*m,char *p,char *c){ Init(name,age,sex);major=new char[strlen(m)+1];position=new char[strlen(p)+1];course=new char[strlen(c)+1];strcpy(major,m);strcpy(position,p);strcpy(course,c);}void disp(){cout<<"姓名\t年龄\t性别\t专业\t职称\t主讲课程"<<endl;person::show();cout<<getmajor()<<"\t"<<getposition()<<"\t"<<getcourse()<<endl;}};void main(){techers obj;obj.init("Yangyong",32,'f',"computer","professor","C++");obj.disp();}3.建立一般的类building，用来存储楼房的层数、房间数、建筑面积。

以其为基础建立派生类housing、officebuilding，使它们分别存储卧室和浴室的数量、灭火器和电话的数目。

试编制程序，建立类housing、officebuilding的对象，并输出它们的有关数据。

#include <iostream>using namespace std;class building{int chengshu;int fangjian;float mianji;public:init(int c,int f,float m){chengshu=c;fangjian=f;mianji=m;}int getchengshu(){return chengshu;}int getfangjian(){return fangjian;}float getmianji(){ return mianji;}void show(){cout<<"层数\t房间数\t建筑面积"<<endl;cout<<chengshu<<"\t"<<fangjian<<"\t"<<mianji<<endl;} };class housing:public building{int woshi;int yushi;public:init1(int c,int f,float m,int w,int y){init(c,f,m);woshi=w;yushi=y;}int getwoshi(){return woshi;}int getyushi(){return yushi;}void show(){building::show();cout<<"卧室\t浴室"<<endl;cout<<woshi<<"\t"<<yushi<<endl;}};class officebuilding:public building{int mh;int dh;public:init2(int c,int f,float m,int a,int b){init(c,f,m);mh=a;dh=b;}int getmh(){return mh;}int getdh(){return dh;}void show(){building::show();cout<<"灭火器\t电话数目"<<endl;cout<<mh<<"\t"<<dh<<endl;}};void main(){housing a;a.init1(1,2,3,4,5);cout<<"housing:"<<endl;a.show();officebuilding b;b.init2(1,2,3,7,8);cout<<"officebuilding:"<<endl;b.show();}4. 定义一个钟表类，数据成员有时、分、秒，成员函数包括设置时间和显示时间。

再从钟表类派生出闹钟类，新增数据成员有响铃时间，成员函数包括响铃、显示响铃时间和设置响铃时间。

(本题不需要设计构造函数)提示：响铃可用下列函数完成。

void Alerm() // 转义字符'\a'完成响铃{cout << "\a\a\a\a\a\a\a";}代码(1)：#include"iostream.h"class clock{int second, minute, hour;public:void settime(int h,int m,int s){ second=s;minute=m;hour=h;}void show(){cout<<"现在时间:"<<endl;cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<second<<endl;}};class alerm: public clock{int Second,Minute, Hour;public:void setalerm(int H,int M,int S){Second=S;Minute=M;Hour=H;}void Alerm(){cout << "响铃:\a\a\a\a\a\a\a"; }void show(){cout<<"响铃时间:"<<endl;cout<<Hour<<":"<<Minute<<":"<<Second<<endl;}};void main(){int h,m,s;int H,M,S;cout<<"输入正确时间:"<<endl;cin>>h>>m>>s;clock c;c.settime(h,m,s);c.show();cout<<"设置响铃时间:"<<endl;cin>>H>>M>>S;alerm a;a.setalerm(H,M,S);a.show();a.Alerm();}代码（2）#include"iostream.h"class clock{int second, minute, hour;public:int getsecond(){return second;}int getminute(){return minute;}int gethour(){cout <<hour; return hour;}void settime(int h,int m,int s){ second=s;minute=m;hour=h;}void newtime(){if(second==59){if(minute==59){hour=(hour+1)%24;minute=0;second=0;}else{second=0;minute++;}}elsesecond++;}void show(){cout<<"现在时间:"<<endl;cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<second<<endl;}};class alerm: public clock{int Second,Minute, Hour;public:void setalerm(int H,int M,int S){Second=S;Minute=M;Hour=H;}void Alerm(){for(int i=0;i<32767;i++){clock::newtime();//时间自动增加if(Second==getsecond()&&Minute==getminute()&&Hour==getminute()){cout << "\a\a\a\a\a\a\a";}}}void show(){cout<<"响铃时间:"<<endl;cout<<Hour<<":"<<Minute<<":"<<Second<<endl;}};void main(){int h,m,s;int H,M,S;cout<<"输入正确时间:"<<endl;cin>>h>>m>>s;clock c;c.settime(h,m,s);c.show();cout<<"设置响铃时间:"<<endl;cin>>H>>M>>S;alerm a;a.setalerm(H,M,S);a.show();a.Alerm();}三、结论第四题写了两个程序，为什么第二个不会响铃。