美赛论文模板(强烈推荐)
Titile
Summary
During cell division, mitotic spindles are assembled by microtubule-based motor proteins1, 2. The bipolar organization of spindles is essential for proper segregation of chromosomes, and requires plus-end-directed homotetrameric motor proteins of the widely conserved kinesin-5 (BimC) family3. Hypotheses for bipolar spindle formation include the 'push?pull mitotic muscle' model, in which kinesin-5 and opposing motor proteins act between overlapping microtubules2, 4, 5. However, the precise roles of kinesin-5 during this process are unknown. Here we show that the vertebrate kinesin-5 Eg5 drives the sliding of microtubules depending on their relative orientation. We found in controlled in vitro assays that Eg5 has the remarkable capability of simultaneously moving at 20 nm s-1 towards the plus-ends of each of the two microtubules it crosslinks. For anti-parallel microtubules, this results in relative sliding at 40 nm s-1, comparable to spindle pole separation rates in vivo6. Furthermore, we found that Eg5 can tether microtubule plus-ends, suggesting an additional microtubule-binding mode for Eg5. Our results demonstrate how members of the kinesin-5 family are likely to function in mitosis, pushing apart interpolar microtubules as well as recruiting microtubules into bundles that are subsequently polarized by relative sliding. We anticipate our assay to be a starting point for more sophisticated in vitro models of mitotic spindles. For example, the individual and combined action of multiple mitotic motors could be tested, including minus-end-directed motors opposing Eg5 motility. Furthermore, Eg5 inhibition is a major target of anti-cancer drug development, and a well-defined and quantitative assay for motor function will be relevant for such developments
Content Titile (1)
Summary (1)
1Introduction (1)
1.1Restatement of the Problem (1)
1.2Background (1)
1.1.1Common Solving Technique (1)
1.1.2Previous Works (1)
1.3Example (1)
2Analysis of the Problem (1)
2.1Outline of the Approach (1)
2.2Basic Assumptions (2)
2.3Definitions and Key Terms (2)
3Calculating and Simplifying the Model (2)
4The Model Results (3)
5Validating the Model (3)
6Strengths and W eaknesses (3)
6.1Strengths (3)
6.2Weaknesses (3)
7Food for Thought (3)
8Conclusion (3)
References (4)
Appendices (4)
Appendix A Source Code (4)
Appendix B (4)
1Introduction
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1.2Background
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1.1.1Common Solving T echnique
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1.1.2Previous Works
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1.3Example
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2Analysis of the Problem …
2.1Outline of the Approach
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2.2Basic Assumptions
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2.3Definitions and Key T erms
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Table 1.
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Symbol Meaning Unit
3Calculating and Simplifying the Model …
4The Model Results
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5Validating the Model
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6Strengths and Weaknesses
6.1S trengths
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6.2W eaknesses
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7Food for Thought
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8Conclusion
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References
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Appendices
Appendix A Source Code
Here are the simulation programmes we used in our model as follow. Input matlab source:
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Appendix B
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Input C++ source：
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美赛论文要点
摘要： 第一段：写论文解决什么问题 1．问题的重述 a. 介绍重点词开头： 例1：“Hand move” irrigation, a cheap but labor-intensive system used on small farms, consists of a movable pipe with sprinkler on top that can be attached to a stationary main. 例2:……is a real-life common phenomenon with many complexities. 例3：An (effective plan) is crucial to……… b. 直接指出问题： 例 1：We find the optimal number of tollbooths in a highway toll-plaza for a given number of highway lanes: the number of tollbooths that minimizes average delay experienced by cars. 例2：A brand-new university needs to balance the cost of information technology security measures with the potential cost of attacks on its systems. 例3：We determine the number of sprinklers to use by analyzing the energy and motion of water in the pipe and examining the engineering parameters of sprinklers available in the market. 例4: After mathematically analyzing the …… problem, our modeling group would like to pres ent our conclusions, strategies, (and recommendations )to the ……. 例5：Our goal is... that (minimizes the time )………. 2．解决这个问题的伟大意义 反面说明。如果没有…… Without implementing defensive measure, the university is exposed to an expected loss of $8.9 million per year. 3．总的解决概述 a．通过什么方法解决什么问题 例：We address the problem of optimizing amusement park enjoyment through distributing Quick Passes (QP), reservation slips that ideally allow an individual to spend less time waiting in line. b．实际问题转化为数学模型
2014年数学建模美赛ABC_题翻译
问题A：除非超车否则靠右行驶的交通规则 在一些汽车靠右行驶的国家（比如美国，中国等等），多车道的高速公路常常遵循以下原则：司机必须在最右侧驾驶，除非他们正在超车，超车时必须先移到左侧车道在超车后再返回。建立数学模型来分析这条规则在低负荷和高负荷状态下的交通路况的表现。你不妨考察一下流量和安全的权衡问题,车速过高过低的限制，或者这个问题陈述中可能出现的其他因素。这条规则在提升车流量的方面是否有效？如果不是，提出能够提升车流量、安全系数或其他因素的替代品（包括完全没有这种规律）并加以分析。在一些国家，汽车靠左形式是常态，探讨你的解决方案是否稍作修改即可适用，或者需要一些额外的需要。最后，以上规则依赖于人的判断，如果相同规则的交通运输完全在智能系统的控制下，无论是部分网络还是嵌入使用的车辆的设计，在何种程度上会修改你前面的结果？ 问题B：大学传奇教练 体育画报是一个为运动爱好者服务的杂志，正在寻找在整个上个世纪的“史上最好的大学教练”。建立数学模型选择大学中在一下体育项目中最好的教练：曲棍球或场地曲棍球，足球，棒球或垒球，篮球，足球。 时间轴在你的分析中是否会有影响？比如1913年的教练和2013年的教练是否会有所不同？清晰的对你的指标进行评估，讨论一下你的模型应用在跨越性别和所有可能对的体育项目中的效果。展示你的模型中的在三种不同体育项目中的前五名教练。 除了传统的MCM格式，准备一个1到2页的文章给体育画报，解释你的结果和包括一个体育迷都明白的数学模型的非技术性解释。 使用网络测量的影响和冲击 学术研究的技术来确定影响之一是构建和引文或合著网络的度量属性。与人合写一手稿通常意味着一个强大的影响力的研究人员之间的联系。最著名的学术合作者是20世纪的数学家保罗鄂尔多斯曾超过500的合作者和超过1400个技术研究论文发表。讽刺的是,或者不是,鄂尔多斯也是影响者在构建网络的新兴交叉学科的基础科学,尤其是，尽管他与Alfred Rényi的出版物“随即图标”在1959年。鄂尔多斯作为合作者的角色非常重要领域的数学,数学家通常衡量他们亲近鄂尔多斯通过分析鄂尔多斯的令人惊讶的是大型和健壮的合著网络网站(见http:// https://www.360docs.net/doc/0718378456.html,/enp/)。保罗的与众不同、引人入胜的故事鄂尔多斯作为一个天才的数学家,才华横溢的problemsolver,掌握合作者提供了许多书籍和在线网站(如。,https://www.360docs.net/doc/0718378456.html,/Biographies/Erdos.html)。也许他流动的生活方式,经常住在带着合作者或居住,并给他的钱来解决问题学生奖,使他co-authorships蓬勃发展并帮助构建了惊人的网络在几个数学领域的影响力。为了衡量这种影响asErdos生产,有基于网络的评价工具,使用作者和引文数据来确定影响因素的研究,出版物和期刊。一些科学引文索引,Hfactor、影响因素,特征因子等。谷歌学术搜索也是一个好的数据工具用于网络数据收集和分析影响或影响。ICM 2014你的团队的目标是分析研究网络和其他地区的影响力和影响社会。你这样做的任务包括: 1)构建networkof Erdos1作者合著者(你可以使用我们网站https://files.oak https://www.360docs.net/doc/0718378456.html,/users/grossman/enp/Erdos1.htmlor的文件包括Erdos1.htm)。你应该建立一个合作者网络Erdos1大约有510名研究人员的文件,与鄂尔多斯的一篇论文的合著者,他但不包括鄂尔多斯。这将需要一些技术数据提取和建模工作获
美赛论文格式要求
Your Paper's Title Starts Here: Please Center use Helvetica (Arial) 14 论文的题目从这里开始：用Helvetica (Arial)14号 FULL First Author1, a, FULL Second Author2,b and Last Author3,c 第一第二第三作者的全名 1Full address of first author, including country 第一作者的地址全名，包括国家 2Full address of second author, including country 第二作者的地址全名，包括国家 3List all distinct addresses in the same way 第三作者同上 a email, b email, c email 第一第二第三作者的邮箱地址 Keywords:List the keywords covered in your paper. These keywords will also be used by the publisher to produce a keyword index. 关键字：列出你论文中的关键词。这些关键词将会被出版者用作制作一个关键词索引。 For the rest of the paper, please use Times Roman (Times New Roman) 12 论文的其他部分请用Times Roman (Times New Roman) 12号字 Abstract. This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text. Please make the page settings of your word processor to A4 format (21 x 29,7 cm or 8 x 11 inches); with the margins: bottom 1.5 cm (0.59 in) and top 2.5 cm (0.98 in), right/left margins must be 2 cm (0.78 in). 摘要：这个模板解释和示范供稿技术刊物有限公司时，如何准备你的供相机使用文件。最好读这些指示说明并且跟随着这篇文章的大纲走。 We shall be able to publish your paper in electronic form on our web page , if the paper format and the margins are correct. 如果论文的格式和页面设置是正确的，我们将能够将您的电子版论文登在我们的主页。 Your manuscript will be reduced by approximately 20% by the publisher. Please keep this in mind when designing your figures and tables etc. 当设计你的数字和表格等时，请铭记你的原稿将由出版商进行20%的删减。Introduction All manuscripts must be in English, also the table and figure texts, otherwise we cannot publish your paper. 所有原稿必须是英文，包括表格和数字内容，否则我们不会出版你的论文。
数学建模美赛2012MCM B论文
Camping along the Big Long River Summary In this paper, the problem that allows more parties entering recreation system is investigated. In order to let park managers have better arrangements on camping for parties, the problem is divided into four sections to consider. The first section is the description of the process for single-party's rafting. That is, formulating a Status Transfer Equation of a party based on the state of the arriving time at any campsite. Furthermore, we analyze the encounter situations between two parties. Next we build up a simulation model according to the analysis above. Setting that there are recreation sites though the river, count the encounter times when a new party enters this recreation system, and judge whether there exists campsites available for them to station. If the times of encounter between parties are small and the campsite is available, the managers give them a good schedule and permit their rafting, or else, putting off the small interval time t until the party satisfies the conditions. Then solve the problem by the method of computer simulation. We imitate the whole process of rafting for every party, and obtain different numbers of parties, every party's schedule arrangement, travelling time, numbers of every campsite's usage, ratio of these two kinds of rafting boats, and time intervals between two parties' starting time under various numbers of campsites after several times of simulation. Hence, explore the changing law between the numbers of parties (X) and the numbers of campsites (Y) that X ascends rapidly in the first period followed by Y's increasing and the curve tends to be steady and finally looks like a S curve. In the end of our paper, we make sensitive analysis by changing parameters of simulation and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of our model, and write a memo to river managers on the arrangements of rafting. Key words: Camping；Computer Simulation; Status Transfer Equation
美赛数学建模比赛论文模板
The Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass Rule Summary As for the first question, it provides a traffic rule of keep right except to pass, requiring us to verify its effectiveness. Firstly, we define one kind of traffic rule different from the rule of the keep right in order to solve the problem clearly; then, we build a Cellular automaton model and a Nasch model by collecting massive data; next, we make full use of the numerical simulation according to several influence factors of traffic flow; At last, by lots of analysis of graph we obtain, we indicate a conclusion as follow: when vehicle density is lower than 0.15, the rule of lane speed control is more effective in terms of the factor of safe in the light traffic; when vehicle density is greater than 0.15, so the rule of keep right except passing is more effective In the heavy traffic. As for the second question, it requires us to testify that whether the conclusion we obtain in the first question is the same apply to the keep left rule. First of all, we build a stochastic multi-lane traffic model; from the view of the vehicle flow stress, we propose that the probability of moving to the right is 0.7and to the left otherwise by making full use of the Bernoulli process from the view of the ping-pong effect, the conclusion is that the choice of the changing lane is random. On the whole, the fundamental reason is the formation of the driving habit, so the conclusion is effective under the rule of keep left. As for the third question, it requires us to demonstrate the effectiveness of the result advised in the first question under the intelligent vehicle control system. Firstly, taking the speed limits into consideration, we build a microscopic traffic simulator model for traffic simulation purposes. Then, we implement a METANET model for prediction state with the use of the MPC traffic controller. Afterwards, we certify that the dynamic speed control measure can improve the traffic flow . Lastly neglecting the safe factor, combining the rule of keep right with the rule of dynamical speed control is the best solution to accelerate the traffic flow overall. Key words：Cellular automaton model Bernoulli process Microscopic traffic simulator model The MPC traffic control
美赛论文模板(超实用)
Titile Summary During cell division, mitotic spindles are assembled by microtubule-based motor proteins1, 2. The bipolar organization of spindles is essential for proper segregation of chromosomes, and requires plus-end-directed homotetrameric motor proteins of the widely conserved kinesin-5 (BimC) family3. Hypotheses for bipolar spindle formation include the 'push?pull mitotic muscle' model, in which kinesin-5 and opposing motor proteins act between overlapping microtubules2, 4, 5. However, the precise roles of kinesin-5 during this process are unknown. Here we show that the vertebrate kinesin-5 Eg5 drives the sliding of microtubules depending on their relative orientation. We found in controlled in vitro assays that Eg5 has the remarkable capability of simultaneously moving at 20 nm s-1 towards the plus-ends of each of the two microtubules it crosslinks. For anti-parallel microtubules, this results in relative sliding at 40 nm s-1, comparable to spindle pole separation rates in vivo6. Furthermore, we found that Eg5 can tether microtubule plus-ends, suggesting an additional microtubule-binding mode for Eg5. Our results demonstrate how members of the kinesin-5 family are likely to function in mitosis, pushing apart interpolar microtubules as well as recruiting microtubules into bundles that are subsequently polarized by relative sliding. We anticipate our assay to be a starting point for more sophisticated in vitro models of mitotic spindles. For example, the individual and combined action of multiple mitotic motors could be tested, including minus-end-directed motors opposing Eg5 motility. Furthermore, Eg5 inhibition is a major target of anti-cancer drug development, and a well-defined and quantitative assay for motor function will be relevant for such developments
2015数学建模美赛翻译
C和D 2015 ICM问题C 组织中的人力资本管理 构建一个组织填充好，有才华的，训练有素的人是成功的关键之一。但是这样做，组织需要做更多的招聘和雇用最好的候选人–也需要保持良好的人，让他们适当的训练并放在合适的位置，最终目标新员工来取代那些离开组织。个人发挥独特的作用，在他们的组织，正式和非正式的。因此，从组织个体离开留下重要的信息和功能组件丢失，需要更换。这是真正的运动队，商业公司，学校，政府，和几乎任何正式的团体或组织的人。 人力资源（HR）专家帮助高层领导通过改进保留和激励，管理人员协调培训，并建立良好的团队。特别是，领导人寻求建立一个有效的组织结构，人们被分配到适当的位置他们的天赋和经验，以及有效的沟通系统，以促进发展创新的理念、优质的产品（商品或服务）。这些人才管理和人力资源管理团队建设方面正在对许多现代组织。 在一个组织内人力资本的流体网络管理人员需要了解忠诚于公司和亚群；在工作场所建立信任；管理的形成，溶解和保持人与人之间的正式和非正式的关系。当人们离开其他工作或退休所取代，由此产生的湍流是统称为组织“流失”。你的团队你的人力资源经理要求在信息协同制造发展了一个理解流失的框架和模型（ICM）的370人的组织。ICM是一个高度竞争的市场，导致具有挑战性，有效地管理其人力资本的相关问题。 人力资源经理要地图人力资本在组织通过建立网络模型。这里有一些你的公司面临的问题： 1。ICM的目的是在其早期阶段的流失的风险，因为它是获得一个员工在职业生涯早期而不是提高文化一旦有了忠诚的便宜。这是更高效的开始而不是提供激励措施来阻止人们离开有一个积极的员工。 2。一个工人更容易流失，如果他或她与其他前 谁有生产员工。因此，从员工流失似乎弥漫 员工，所以识别那些可能流失是有价值的信息 防止进一步的搅动。 3。一个问题是员工人力资源匹配到正确的位置，使自己的知识和能力可以最大化。目前每个员工基于绩效的主管判断年度评估。这些评价是目前不是由人力资源办公室。
2019数学建模美赛论文
2019 MCM/ICM Summary Sheet (Your team's summary should be included as the first page of your electronic submission.) Type a summary of your results on this page. Do not include the name of your school, advisor , or team members on this page. Ecosystems provide many natural processes to maintain a healthy and sustainable environment after human life. However, over the past decades, rapid industrial development and other anthropogenic activities have been limiting or removing ecosystem services. It is necessary to access the impact of human activities on biodiversity and environmental degradation. The main purpose of this work is to understand the true economic costs of land use projects when ecosystem services are considered. To this end, we propose an ecological service assessment model to perform a cost benefit analysis of land use development projects of varying sites, from small-scale community projects to large national projects. We mainly focus on the treatment cost of environmental pollution in land use from three aspects: air pollution, solid waste and water pollution. We collect pollution data nationwide from 2010 to 2015 to estimate economic costs. We visually analyze the change in economic costs over time via some charts. We also analyze how the economic cost changes with time by using linear regression method. We divide the data into small community projects data (living pollution data) and large natural data (industrial pollution data). Our results indicate that the economic costs of restoring economical services for different scales of land use are different. For small-scale land, according to our analysis, the treatment cost of living pollution is about 30 million every year in China. With the rapid development of technology, the cost is lower than past years. For large-scale land, according to our analysis, the treatment cost of industrial pollution is about 8 million, which is lower than cost of living pollution. Meanwhile the cost is trending down due to technology development. The theory developed here provides a sound foundation for effective decision making policies on land use projects. Key words: economic cost , ecosystem service, ecological service assesment model, pollution. Team Control Number For office use only For office use only T1 ________________ F1 ________________ T2 ________________ F2 ________________ T3 ________________ Problem Chosen F3 ________________ T4 ________________ F4 ________________ E
数学建模培训题 航空货运问题(改编自美赛倒煤台问题)点评解析汇报
点评：航空货运问题 一、基本参数 1、货机：假设均匀分布 每天三架货机。 2、工作时间5：00—20：00设置为 t ：[0，15]？ 每天货机到达时间：5：00—20：00； 一工作组装满装卸场：6小时；一货机装满：3小时； 装卸台的容量：1.5货机； 3、费用系数： 停机费（等待装货）：15000元/小时架 一工作组：每小时9000元；二工作组：每小时12000元 4、服务原则：假设先来先服务 二、模型建立：概率计算模型 （一）概率分布 1、三架货机到达的时刻3,2,1,=i t i 服从[0，15]上的均匀分布，则： 密度函数：()1 ,01515 f t t = ≤≤ 分布函数：(),01515 t F t t = ≤≤ 2、设τ,δ,ε分别是首架货机到达时刻、第一架与第二架间隔、第二架与第三架间隔，
（1）τ的分布函数 3 31321321321321321))(1(1))(1(1)()()(1),,(1) ()()},,(min{) ()(1t F t t P t t P t t P t t P t t t t t t P t t t t t t P t t t t t t P t t t t P t P t F t --=≤--=>>>-=>>>-=≤?≤?≤-Ω=≤?≤?≤=≤=≤=ττ τ 的密度函数： ()()()1125 15151)151(3]1[3)(')(2 22 11-=-=-==t t t f t F t F t f t t ττ ]15,0[∈t （2）其余两货机到达与第一个到达的货机的间隔21,t t ??在0到15-τ之间是均匀分布的 于是： τ -=?151)(t f i t , τ-≤≤150t ；τ-=?15)(t t F i t , τ-≤≤150t ，i =1,2 δ 的密度函数 /121212()()()1() 1()() F t P t P t t t t P t t t t P t t P t t δτδ=≤=?≤?≤=-?>?>=-?>?> 221)](1[1)](1[11t F t t P t ?--=≤?--= ()()2//15152)()](1[2)(')(11---= -==??τττδτδt t f t F t F t f t t （3）第三架货机到达与第二个到达的货机的间隔ε在0和15-δ-τ之间是均匀分布的， 于是： ε 的密度函数
美赛-数学建模-写作模版(各部分)
摘要 第一段：写论文解决什么问题 1．问题的重述 a. 介绍重点词开头： 例1：“Hand move” irrigation, a cheap but labor-intensive system used on small farms, consists of a movable pipe with sprinkler on top that can be attached to a stationary main. 例2:……is a real-life common phenomenon with many complexities. 例3：An (effective plan) is crucial to……… b. 直接指出问题： 例1：We find the optimal number of tollbooths in a highway toll-plaza for a given number of highway lanes: the number of tollbooths that minimizes average delay experienced by cars. 例2：A brand-new university needs to balance the cost of information technology security measures with the potential cost of attacks on its systems. 例3：We determine the number of sprinklers to use by analyzing the energy and motion of water in the pipe and examining the engineering parameters of sprinklers available in the market. 例4: After mathematically analyzing the ……problem, our modeling group would like to present our conclusions, strategies, (and recommendations )to the ……. 例5：Our goal is... that (minimizes the time )………. 2．解决这个问题的伟大意义 反面说明。如果没有…… Without implementing defensive measure, the university is exposed to an expected loss of $8.9 million per year. 3．总的解决概述 a．通过什么方法解决什么问题 例：We address the problem of optimizing amusement park enjoyment through distributing Quick Passes (QP), reservation slips that ideally allow an individual to spend less time waiting in line. b．实际问题转化为数学模型 例1 We formulate the problem as a network flow in which vertices are the locations of escorts and wheelchair passengers. 例2 : A na?ve strategy would be to employ the minimum number of escorts to guarantee that all passengers reach their gates on time. c.将问题分阶段考虑 例3：We divide the jump into three phases: flying through the air, punching through the stack, and landing on the ground. 第二、三段：具体分析 1．在什么模型中/ 建立了什么模型 a. 主流模型 例1：We formulate a differential model to account for the rates of change of these uses, and how this change would affect the overall consumption of water within the studied region.
数学建模美赛论文格式中文版
你的论文需要从此开始 请居中 使用Arial14字体 第一作者，第二作者和其他（使用Arial14字体） 1.第一作者的详细地址，包括国籍和email(使用Arial11) 2.第二作者的详细地址，包括国籍和email(使用Arial11) 3.将所有的详细信息标记为相同格式 关键词 列出文章的关键词。这些关键词会被出版方用作关键词索引(使用Arial11字体） 论文正文使用Times New Roman12字体 摘要 这一部分阐述说明了如何为TransTechPublications.准备手稿。最好阅读这些用法说明并且整篇论文都是遵照这个提纲。手稿的正文部分应该是17cm*25cm（宽*高）的格式（或者是6.7*9.8英尺）。请不要在这个区域以外书写。请使用21*29厘米或8*11英尺的质量较好的白纸。你的手稿可能会被出版商缩减20%。在制图和绘表格时候请特别注意这些准则。 引言 所有的语言都应该是英语。请备份你的手稿（以防在邮寄过程中丢失）我们收到手稿即默认为原作者允许我们在期刊和书报出版。如果作者在论文中使用了其他刊物中的图表，他们需要联系原作者，获取使用权。将单词或词组倾斜以示强调。除了每一部分的标题（标记部分的标题），不要加粗正文或大写首字母。使用激光打印机，而不是点阵打印机 正文的组织： 小标题 小标题应该加粗并注意字母的大小写。第二等级的小标题被视为后面段落的一部分（就像这一大段的一小部分的开头） 页码 不要打印页码。请用淡蓝色铅笔在每一张纸的左下角（在打印区域以外）标注数字。 脚注 脚注应该单独放置并且和正文分开理想地情况下，脚注应该出现在参考文献页，并且放在文章的末尾，和正文用分割线分开。 表格 表格（如表一，表二，...）应该放在正文当中，是正文的一部分，但是，要避免文本混乱。一个描述性的表格标题要放在图表的下方。标题应该独立的放在表格的下方或旁边。 表中的单位应放在中括号中[兆伏]如果中括号不可用，需使用大括号{兆}或小括号（兆)。1.这就是脚注
2016年数学建模美赛A题题面及翻译
2016 MCM Problem A A Hot Bath A person fills a bathtub with hot water from a single faucet and settles into the bathtub to cleanse and relax. 一个人用一个水龙头让浴缸装满了热水，（然后？）睡进去来清洗和放松。 //那就先放到一定的程度，泡进去，然后边加水这样。 Unfortunately, the bathtub is not a spa-style tub with a secondary heating system and circulating jets, but rather a simple water containment vessel. 不幸的是，这个浴缸没有温泉热水模式，就是没有另外的加热系统和循环的喷嘴，而是个简单的水密闭容器。 After a while, the bath gets noticeably cooler, so the person adds a constant trickle of hot water from the faucet to reheat the bathing water. 不一会儿，这个水池明显的变冷了，所以这个人打开水龙头，加入了持续的细细的水，来加热这个浴缸里面的水。 The bathtub is designed in such a way that when the tub reaches its capacity, excess water escapes through an overflow drain. 这个浴缸设计成一种形式，当这个池子到达了它的容量，多余的水会通过一个溢出排水系统排出。 Develop a model of the temperature of the bathtub water in space and time to determine the best strategy the person in the bathtub can adopt to keep the temperature even throughout the bathtub and as close as possible to the initial temperature without wasting too much water. 设计一个浴缸里面的水温度关于空间和时间上的模型，去决定最好的策略，让这个人在浴缸里能够在不浪费太多的水的前提下，去尽量的靠近初始的温度。 Use your model to determine the extent to which your strategy depends upon the shape and volume of the tub, the shapeolume/temperature of the person in the bathtub, and the motions made by the person in the bathtub. 用你的模型去决定你的策略对以下因素的依赖程度（依赖关系）。因素为：缸的形状和容量，这个浴缸里面的人的形状，体积，温度，还有这个人在浴缸里面的动作。 If the person used a bubble bath additive while initially filling the bathtub to assist in cleansing, how would this affect you r model’s results? 如果这个人在一开始装满这个浴缸的时候，就加入了泡泡添加剂去帮助清洗，这个会如何影响你的模型的结果呢？ In addition to the required one-page summary for your MCM submission, your report must include a one-page non-technical explanation for users of the bathtub that describes your strategy while explaining why it is so difficult to get an evenly maintained temperature throughout the bath water. 除了已经要求的一页的总结，你的报告必须含有一页的对浴缸使用者的非技术性的解释，去描述你的策略，同时解释为什么如此难以做到保持整个洗澡水的水温是均匀的。