牛津译林版2018-2019学年下学期高二5月学情检测英语试卷

2018-2019学年下学期高二5月学情检测英语试卷21. Many educators are in favor of the necessity of punishment, which is vital to help childrenlearn _______ between right and wrong at an early age.A. discriminationB. distributionC. restrictionD. revolution22. We should never attempt to try climbing the mountain alone in life. Reach out to friends,family and others because that’s _______ they’re there for.A. whyB. whatC. whenD. whom23. Many adolescents are forced to study subjects, which, in their views, are _______ from theirdaily lives, making them tired of the process of studying.A. freeB. remoteC. absentD. different24. —How should I deal with my old flat?—Sell it or you could, _______, hang onto it, hoping it will be worth a million in 10 years.A. alternativelyB. evidentlyC. typicallyD. relatively25. A program launched by the bike-sharing company Mobike appeals to local residents _______riders can use a mobile app to locate and unlock bikes conveniently.A. whichB. whenC. whoseD. where26. Donald Trump _______ that the trade war against China would reduce the pressure from hispolitical opponents, which, however, turned out to be a big failure.A. calculatedB. concludedC. contradictedD. condemned27. Some developing countries will feel the economic squeeze and fail to focus on long-termdevelopment to end poverty, _______ heavy debts remain.A. unlessB. thoughC. even ifD. provided that28. In Xi’s report, investors are thrilled to see China’s promising blueprints, without which theyassume their business _______ unstable.A. wereB. had beenC. would beD. would have been29. —To our relief, rescue work is under way in the quake-hit area in Mexico.—Yes, volunteers are helping to distribute the donated provisions that _______.A. were pouring inB. have been pouring inC. are poured inD. had been poured in30. Don’t be afraid of forget ting things you have learned, because something that stays in yourmind will _______ in your life someday.A. make upB. light upC. spring upD. end up31. Doubts about its safety _______, much importance is attached to the development andpromotion of Chinese traditional medicine.A. faded awayB. fading awayC. fade awayD. to fade away32. —Bill Gates has become a newly-elected member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.—_______, in my view, for his great contribution to science and technology.A. He asks for itB. He means itC. He deserves itD. It serves him right33. —Has Andrew replied to the invitation of your wedding party?—Yes, but his answer _______ a complete refusal.A. added toB. referred toC. contributed toD. amounted to34. In G7 Summit held in Canada, divisions between USA and other countries, in some critics’opinion, were just papered over but by no means _______.A. they were fully solvedB. they had been fully solvedC. were they fully solvedD. had they been fully solved35. —David’s remarks on my school performance are really disgusting.—It was simply _______. He meant no offence by it.A. his cup of teaB. the apple of his eyeC. a child’s playD. a slip of the tongue第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）On a recent sunny, dry fall morning, I found the last outdoor table at my favorite café.Reading 36 I nibbled my breakfast, I was enjoying the feeling of the cool breeze and the warm sun when a table next to me 37 . A woman who had been standing nearby, 38 waiting for a seat, stepped toward the table. But from the other 39 , straight from the parking lot, came a man who got to the table first.The woman, with a 40 on her face, explained that she’d been 41 that table for several minutes and had been on her way over. The man, also smiling but 42 , told her she was out of 43 ; he had happened upon the table first. “You snooze, you lose!” he said cheerfully.She stood off to the side, clearly disappointed, and 44 her friend with the frustrating news. I sat at my table, 45 the scene, when suddenly it occurred to me—I had a(n) 46 here to be kind.I stood up and 47 her over to my table. Quietly, I told her I had seen what had happened, and I was happy to give her my table. I was only going to be there a few more minutes 48 , so I was happy for her and her friend to have the 49 .“But where will you sit?” she asked. I was almost done eating, I said, and I would find a seat at the counter 50 . She thanked me and beamed as she 51 for her friend to sit down.Thinking about it as I finished up, I realized that whether or not the woman had fair 52 to the table was unimportant. The emotion of the situation—the look of hurt on her face—had 53 me, and I had the ability to do something about it.That isn’t always the case with every feeling, situation, or injustice we 54 unexpectedly in our days. But as the early 20th century writer Orison Swett Marden once said, “Don’t wait for extraordinary opportunities. 55 c ommon occasions and make them great.”I just hope that woman’s morning at the café was great. I know mine was.36. A. till B. after C. as D. before37. A. closed up B. opened up C. looked up D. showed up38. A. hesitantly B. clearly C. seemingly D. steadily39. A. entrance B. angle C. gate D. direction40. A. smile B. shock C. glare D. gaze41. A. monitoring B. watching C. minding D. wandering42. A. firm B. impatient C. elegant D. reluctant43. A. order B. luck C. shape D. place44. A. served B. compared C. loaded D. greeted45. A. taking down B. taking up C. taking in D. taking over46. A. scene B. opportunity C. access D. passion47. A. followed B. guided C. signaled D. rushed48. A. anyway B. someway C. somewhere D. anywhere49. A. floor B. spot C. moment D. kindness50. A. downstairs B. upstairs C. outside D. inside51. A. gestured B. headed C. waited D. sent52. A. passage B. claim C. approach D. admission53. A. shamed B. surprised C. struck D. scared54. A. repeat B. hate C. tolerate D. meet55. A. Mark B. Hold C. Celebrate D. Seize第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AAFTER AMAZON ECHO MISFIRE, WAYS TO PROTECT YOUR OWN PRIV ACY Revelations that an Amazon Echo smart speaker accidentally sent a family’s privateconversation to an acquaintance highlights some unexpected privacy risks of new voice-enabled technologies. There’s no way to totally avoid these sorts of privacy risks except unplugging them entirely, but you can minimize the unpleasant privacy surprises with these tips: KILL THE MIC: Most smart speakers have a physical button to disable the microphone, so a private conversation can’t be recorded to begin with. You can hit that when you’re having sensitive conversations. It doesn’t make sense to keep the mic disabled throughout the day, though.LIMIT THE MIC:Disabling the microphone isn’t practical on a smartphone, but you can limit what apps have access to it. Go to the settings and turn off mic access to all but essential apps such as voice recorders or video conferencing.ABOUT THAT CAMERA:Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg famously puts a piece of tape over his laptop’s camera to prevent spying if anyone were to hack his device. Buy yourself a roll. Or use bandages. If you have a home-security camera that’s connected to the Internet, turn the camera to the wall when you’re home.BLOCK THE SIGNALS:For smartphones and other gadgets you carry with you, a “Faraday bag” can help prevent unwanted spying. The good ones will block cellular and other signals, meaning privacy-compromising information such as your location won’t leak out either. However, your phone won’t get any calls while it’s in the bag.Of course, the safest approach is not to buy a new gadget in the first place. That might not be practical these days, but do you really need a smart speaker or a television set that’s connected to the Internet?56. What does the author suggest we should do in order to be risk-free?A. Be cautious about using smart devices.B. Be particular about the devices we buy.C. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions.D. Kill the power or not buy devices at all.57. If a CEO needs to organize a video conference while on a trip, he is advised to ________.A. kill the MICB. limit the MICC. cover the cameraD. block the signalsBCheating is nothing new. But it’s becoming a lot more sophisticated. Republican vice-presidential candidate Sarah Palin was caught out once. A photo taken after the speech she’d given on a “return to conservative principles” showed her left hand covered wi th crib notes. These included the words “energy, budget cuts, tax” and “lift Americans’ spirits”. The word “budget” had been crossed out. Video footage also showed her reading from her hand when asked what top three things a conservative-led congress should do. Writing notes on your hand is one way to cheat in an exam. But these days, it’s a lot easier ... especially with the Internet.Anyone who wants to cheat in an exam can probably find the answers online. There are hundreds of sites offering solutions to all sorts of tests. And it’s a lucrative business. One operator in Oregon made $700,000 in about nine months before his arrest. The owner of a website in Ohio pocketed more than $300,000. And a famous overseas site is estimated to sell about 146,000 sets of answers and take in about $10 million per year. Actually, getting hold of the exam answers isn’t that hard. Some do the exam themselves and use button cameras or document-scanning pens to copy the tests. Others organize for a group to take tests repeatedly until they can memorize the entire exam between them. Others simply bribe exam administrators.At the moment, such business is booming. More and more companies now require their employees to take professional exams. And hundreds of businesses and trade organizations have introduced formal certification programs to measure employee skills. In the US alone, at least 2 million exams are taken every year for information technology certification. But employees also have to take exams for all sorts of professions from crane operators to court reporters to school bus drivers and financial planners. Test officials estimate that hundreds of thousands of test-takers have used the Internet to buy answers for professional tests. And a recent survey foundthat 28 percent of test centres had at least one cheating incident over the last five years. In one incident, tens of thousands of soldiers obtained answers to tests in a range of military skills.Many see this as a cause for concern. Many tests are for work in sensitive areas such as defence installations and hospitals. Now, how would you feel if you knew that the people in charge of the computers controlling nuclear weapons might have cheated in their tests, and may not really know what they’re doing?58. Why does the author mention Sarah Palin in the first paragraph?A. To exhibit the fact that cheating is common in various fields.B. To discourage average people from writing notes on their hands.C. To show much disagreement as to cheating among political leaders.D. To introduce the negative influences of cheating in front of the public.59. The underlined word “lucrative” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.A. ripeB. stableC. profitableD. fresh60. What is the main cause of more cases of cheating?A. The formation of employee skills.B. The availability of information technology.C. The popularity of the cheating industry.D. The requirement of taking professional exams.CTHE UK government has announced plans to tackle sources of air pollution, including popular wood-burning stoves, but its Clean Air Strategy, which was unveiled last week, fails to address the real problem.Although pollution from woodburning stoves is a relatively new problem for the UK, it has long been a major one in countries such as Canada and New Zealand. And the take-home message from them as to controlling the release of harmful particulates in the air is simple: ban wood burning.“There does not seem to be a limit below which there is no impact on health,” says Gary Fuller at King’s College London, whose team has shown that wood burning is now the source of a third of particulate pollution in UK cities.As New Scientist reported last year, families with wood burners are likely to be exposed to the highest levels of pollution and their neighbours are next in the firing line, given that the particulates produced can easily escape from homes. Despite this, the UK government isn’t planning a ban. Instead, it wants “to prohibit the sale of the most polluting fuels”, such as wet wood. What’s more, lots of people with wood burners don’t buy wood from shops. Instead, they scrounge it from wherever they can, with building waste one popular source. This is a disaster in pollution terms as treated or painted wood can release highly toxic chemicals when burned. The plan is also to “ensure that only the cleanest stoves are available for sale by 2022”. But even the cleanest stove produces eight times as much pollution as a diesel truck, says Fuller.Some cities actually required old wood stoves to be replaced with cleaner new ones. That has helped, but wood burning remains a major source of pollution, says Fuller. In most cases, conventional gas central heating plus properly insulating (使隔热) your home is less harmful in global-warming terms than switching to a wood burner.Finally, there are separate but related EU laws that set limits on the maximum allowable concentrations of specific pollutants in the air at individual locations. The UK frequently breaches these: London’s Oxford Street often hits its annual limit within the first weeks of each year. As a result, the UK government has lost a series of court cases brought by the environmental organization ClientEarth. Separately, on 17 May, the UK and five other countrieswere referred to the Court of Justice of the European Union for their repeated failures to keep to these limits. If the government really wants to clean up the UK’s air, it has a lot more work to do.61. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. The British authorities.B. Countries like Canada and New Zealand.C. Details of Clean Air Strategy.D. Citizens in woodburning countries.62. Why does the author think the UK government is doing a stupid job in terms of handlingwood burning?A. It is not worthwhile bothering to deal with wood burning.B. It is impractical to get all the families to give up wood burning.C. The government has failed to aim its policies at proper targets.D. Citizens are forced to collect and burn treated or painted wood.63. According to the author, to stay warm in winter, a Londoner had better ________.A. turn to a cleaner stoveB. put on more clothesC. stick to central heatingD. redecorate the house64. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. No More StovesB. Say Good-bye to PollutionC. Clean Air StrategyD. Why Not Central HeatingDI will absolutely be the first person to romanticize libraries. I come from a home with thirty-two bookcases, a count that does not include the several dozen boxes of books in the attic labeled “work” and “extra.” All these books are courtesy of my parents, both of whom were English majors in their day and in whose footsteps I never hesitated to follow. My childhood dream was of a house with a claw-foot bathtub, stained glass, and (most importantly) an enormous library made of built-in shelves, a sliding ladder, and window seats in every window. As a high school girl, I began working at the county library near my house, following up on two summers of volunteering with their summer reading program. I was all starry eyes and romantic visions of alphabetizing the classics and discovering gems among the new arrivals. What I found instead was that the life of a library was nothing like my daydreams, but far more important than I could have imagined.There is no library that is only a library anymore. Modern libraries can’t afford and don’t try to be only a receptacle for free books. They offer classes, book groups, Internet access, resume and tax help, tutoring, and multimedia resources for anyone who might wander in. Librarians are equipped to help with research and give recommendations. Most libraries have access to interlibrary loans, making the acquisition of nearly any piece of material merely a matter of time. What makes libraries so unique and important, however, is none of the diversity of resources and opportunities for community that they most certainly provide.________. Every building one enters today comes with some expectation of spending money. Restaurants require paying for service. Shops require the intention of purchasing something. Houses require rent. Anyone who has lived near the poverty line, whether or not they have actually been homeless, has felt the threatening pressure toward expenditure that permeates the public spaces of modern Western culture. Even a free restroom is becoming difficult to find, especially as growing cities experience ever-increasing space restrictions.In a library, no one is asked to pay anything simply to sit. For those with few resources besides time, this is a godsend. Libraries are unofficial playgrounds for low-income families on rainy days, homeless shelters in cold months, reprieves from broken homes for grade-school-age children. They are the last bastions of quiet and calm where nothing is asked of one but to exist. Many arguments have been made about how the library is an outdated institution offeringoutdated services—that in the twenty-first-century how-to books on building sheds and daily newspaper copies are obsolete and the funding used for libraries ought to be reallocated to other programs. I can only assume that those who make such arguments are people who have always been comfortable with the expenditures it takes to move through the world. For those people, libraries can be about books. But not everyone has the luxury of seeing past the space.Libraries, as they exist in the twenty-first century, are the only remaining public domain. In a library, anyone of any walk of life can come and go as they choose, and so long as they remain respectful of the space they can remain as long as they wish. Libraries welcome everyone, offering a place to be and easily accessible resources to the most vulnerable populations, whether in downtown Chicago or small-town Oklahoma. My childhood romantic vision of the library is still close to my heart, but the very real work that public libraries do today is so much more critical than a leather-bound edition of Homer or a graphic novel fresh off the press. Those are the things the library gives me, but libraries are for everyone.65. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?A. The author has a vivid memory of her childhood life.B. The author had an appetite for reading long before.C. The author’s early romantic visions proved untrue.D. The author’s parents deliberately tricked her into reading.66. Why does the author talk about the diverse services modern libraries provide?A. Modern libraries make reading more enjoyable than before.B. People nowadays come to libraries for different purposes.C. The core essence of public libraries remains unchanged.D. Technological changes become a must in modern libraries.67. Which of the following sentences will best suit the missing part in Paragraph 3?A. Libraries are a place in every town and city for people to have inner peace.B. Libraries are the last place in every town and city that people can simply exist.C. Libraries are temporary shelters in every town and city for people to escape reality.D. Libraries are free restrooms with much spare space in every town and city.68. According to the author, who are most likely to frequent libraries?A. Rich businessmen faced with huge pressure.B. Young adolescents loaded with school work.C. School children coming from broken homes.D. Senior citizens looking for old companions.69. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 imply?A. Libraries provide them with no more than books.B. Books plus diverse services should be provided.C. They don’t have to go to libraries to read books.D. The books and services in libraries are outdated.70. The author wrote the passage to ________.A. express deep affection for public librariesB. describe problems libraries are faced withC. call on more people to read in librariesD. illustrate the necessity of public libraries第四部分任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）All company leaders will face major business decisions throughout their time as the heads of their organizations. Difficult decisions related to activities such as M&A, leadership changes, restructuring, and massive growth plans will directly impact the company’s employees.If you’ve already established trust with your workforce, you can significantly minimize potential negative impacts and make sure your employees will buy into your decisions, even ifthey don’t necessarily agree with them. But earning their faith takes time. As a leader, you are trusted only to the degree that people believe in your ability, consistency, and commitment to deliver. The good news is that there do exist some strategies to help you earn confidence.Instill trust through an employee engagement programBy encouraging consistent feedback and establishing an honest environment, employees will trust the direction and information you give them. Create a highly engaged culture by prioritizing real-time recognition, continuous feedback, and ongoing goal-setting.• Change and react with meaningful conversations. You’ve likely had to adjust your business plan in the middle of the year. Real-time, continuous communication helps you keep employees in the loop and adjust to expectations as your organization’s needs change.• Giving timely feedba ck is the most effective way to communicate expectations. Not only that, but saving your big praise until the end of the year isn’t just ineffective—it makes it more difficult to deliver.• Ongoing goal-setting can help people understand where their contributions fit within the organization and where they need to aim. Better yet, these can be transparent across the organization so everyone is held accountable for the outcomes and behaviors that drive your business and cultural success.Gather and measure sentiment (情感) during times of changePart of the difficulty in making tough business decisions is that leaders don’t want to surprise or disappoint employees. Think about the last time you made a major company-wide announcement. Did you know if employees were happy? Were they shocked? Or even worse, did you have no insight into their reactions at all? If you regularly measure employee sentiment through real-time pulse surveys—especially during times of change—you can more accurately pinpoint reactions and cope with issues immediately. The results of these pulse surveys empower your leadership team to be more forthcoming, moving forward, earning the trust of employees and strengthening a transparent company culture.If there is a strong link between employees and managers to the goals of the organization, the vision and values of the company will be embraced by all.At the end of the day, the mindset shouldn’t be about how you can make tough decisions easier, but how you can make those decisions in a way that w on’t negatively impact your employees or your organization’s objectives. Create a cooperative feedback culture, and when the time comes to make difficult decisions, you know that with your team’s insights in mind and trust拿一本纸质图书阅读，45.1%手机阅读，35.1%网络在线阅读，12.2%在电子阅读器上阅读，6.2%习惯从网上下载并打印下来阅读，1.4%marks this year’s World Book Day, an annual event initiated by UNESCO. A recent Amazon and China’s Xinhua News Agency suggestpopulation is reading more, while e-books are becoming increasingly popular.Bruce Aitken, a general manager at Amazon in China, said the latest figures suggest reading1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；2. 用约120个单词阐述：（1）你对阅读形式多样化这一现象的看法，并简要分析其产生的原因；（2）你自己最喜欢的一种阅读形式及理由（不少于两点）。