上外四册词汇句型汇总

BOOK ONEUnit 11. average (adj.)= ordinary 普通的；中等的on the average 一般说来；平均above/ below the average 在一般水平之上/之下eg: On the average, we work five days a week.2. intelligence (n.): ability to learn and understand 智力intelligent (adj.) intelligently (adv.)an intelligence test智力测试Secret Intelligence Service 秘密情报部门IQ = intelligence quotient 智商EQ = emotion quotient 情商3. necessarily(adv.) = inevitably 必定necessary (adj.) ←→unnecessary (adj.)necessity(n.)必要性necessities(n.)必需品4. case: actual condition 实情a medical case 病例a law case 案例an urgent case 急症in case of倘若遇到，万一；in any case无论如何，不管怎样；in the case of就……而言；in case假使，以防万一；in no case 绝不(句首倒装) eg. You may ask your teacher in case of difficulty.In any case you will go to Nanjing tomorrow.In the case of foreign language, professor Liu has learned English, French.In case I forget, please remind me about it.5. additional(adj.): extra; added 额外的，附加的add(v.)addition (n.) in addition to 除……以外+n./v-ing in addition 此外eg: An additional charge is made for heavy bags.Mum gave me some bread for my picnic in addition.In addition to apples, he also like to eat bananas.6 schedule(n.) = timetable 程序表，时间表，节目表(v.) 做……的目录，安排a TV schedule 电视节目表 a train schedule 火车时刻表ahead of / behind / on schedule 提前/延迟/按时have a full schedule: have many things to do 有很多事情要做，日程安排满了be scheduled to do sth. 按时间日程计划做……eg: We finished the task ahead of / behind / on schedule.I have a full schedule recently.The president is scheduled to make a speech this evening.7. c ommit: (v.) perform a crime, foolish act使……承担义务，犯错eg: commit a crime/an error/murder/suicide 犯罪/犯错/谋杀/自杀commit oneself to sth./ doing sth.献身于eg: He has committed himself to supporting his children.Signing this form commits you to buying the goods.8. aside: (adv.) sideways 在旁边，到（向）另外一边aside from = apart from 除；除……以外set aside留出9. normal: (adj.) (antonym)abnormal normally(adv.)10. assignment: (n) assign +(suffix)ment其他如：amusement / excitement / encouragement / government11. occupy (v.): take up占用；忙碌，使……从事occupation(n.) 占领；职业occupancy(n.) 占用期间occupier占用（领）者occupational(adj.) 职业的；军事占领的occupational disease 职业病be occupied in doing sth.= occupy oneself in doing sth.忙于be occupied with sth.从事……eg: He was occupied in writing a book.= He occupies himself in writing a book.Mary is occupied with a translation of a French novel.12. relaxation: (n.)放松，娱乐(U) 娱乐活动(C) relax (v.)eg: I play golf for relaxation.Walking and reading are his favorite relaxations.A good message always relaxes me.13. entertainment: (n.) 娱乐，娱乐活动（U/C）；招待(U)entertain (v.) entertainer (n.) entertaining (adj.)14. solve: (v.) : find an answer to 解决，解答solution (n.)类似answer, key, 后＋tosolve the problem / difficulty answer a questionsettle a matter / dispute(争端)/argument(争论)15. aware: (adj.) having knowledge or understanding 意识到的awareness (n.)be aware of sth/that-clause意识到有时可用become / get / grow替换be,强调逐渐的过程。

以a-开头的形容词还有：asleep / alike / ashamed / afraid /ahead 等。

注意这类形容词在句子中多充当表语成分，一般不用very 修饰，作定语时一般放在所修饰的名词后面。

aware可用fully/well/completely等来修饰。

eg: He was not aware of my arrival / time.She became aware of having done wrong.Everyone was aware that the condition is dangerous.The building ahead is the post office.People are fully aware the seriousness of the environmental pollution now.16. furthermore(adv.): moreover, in addition, further此外，而且可用于句子附加或补充说明，可置于句首、句中或句尾，需逗号与句子隔开。

eg: The house isn‘t large enough for us, and furthermore, it‘s too far from the city.17. activity:(n.) act (v.) active (adj.) action (n.) activist (n.) actor\ actress(n.)18. adequate (adj.): as much as one needs; enough 充分的，足够的(antonym) adequate←→inadequate be adequate to 胜任eg. I hope he can be adequate to the new job.19. distraction(n.): sth. that draws away the mind/attention 分心/分散注意力的事物prefix dis- +tract(吸引) +suffix –tion 其他如：disagree/dissatisfied/discomfortdistract(v.) —distracting(adj.) —distracted (adj.)drive sb to distraction 使某人发狂distract sb. from sth.使……分心20. concentrate (v.): pay close attention to 全神贯注于concentrate on / upon sth.集中于……concentration (n.) concentrated (adj.) 集中的；浓缩的eg: concentrated fire 集中火力concentrated food 浓缩食品A driver should concentrate on / upon the road when driving.We concentrated on / upon the task before us.21. skim(v.): read quickly to get the main ideas of sth. 略读skim, scan和skip之辨析skim“略读”，常与over / through搭配，强调快速读一遍，从而获得主旨大意。

scan“浏览”，主要指尽可能快地找出具体信息。

skip“跳读”，指忽略不需要的部分或章节而看。

eg: skim through a newspaperShe scanned the book for his name, but couldn't find it.He skipped some uninteresting chapters of the book.22. preview(v.): have a general view for sth. beforehand预习The prefix ―pre-‖ means ―before‖ or ―in advance‖.其他如：previous先前的\ prewar 战前的\ prehistroric史前的23.c ontent(n.): what is written in a book, etc. 内容con t ent (adj.): satisfied with what one has 满足24. later(adv.): 后来，以后the latter后者the former前者25. comprehension(n.): the mind‘s act or power of understanding 理解力comprehend(v.)理解，领会—comprehensible(adj.) 能理解的—comprehensive (adj.) 综合的，广泛的—comprehensively(adv.)26 mention(v.): speak or write about sth. in a few words 提及not to mention+ n.\ v.-ing(n.) at the mention of sth 在提到……时候eg: Don‘t men tion it. 不用谢He brightened up at the mention of tea.27. confused(adj.): mixed up in one‘s mind迷惑的，混淆的confusion (n.)—confusing (adj.)confuse(v.): confuse sth. with sth.弄错，混淆eg: He always confuse Chinese with Japanese.I often confuse you with you sister —you look so like.28. performance (n.): achievement成绩perform (v.)—performer(n.)执行者，表演者n-suffix→-ance\ ence importance/preference喜爱/circumstance条件，情况29. meaningful (adj.)=significant —mean (v.) 意味—meaning(n.)意义，含义30. attitude(n.): what one thinks about sth.态度，看法attitude to\ toward(s) sth.对……的态度attitude of……的样子/姿态eg: attitude toward life 对生活的态度attitude of entreaty 恳求的样子31. purpose(n.): aim目的，意图purposeful(adj.) 有意的←→purposeless purposely(adv.) 故意地on purpose=deliberately故意地;专门地for (the) purpose of …=for the sake of 为了……eg: I have come on purpose to speak to you.He left the key in the room on purpose.Did you come to London for the purpose of seeing your family?32. excessively (adv.): too much; greatly; extremely过分地，极端地excessive (adj.)过分的—excess(n.) 过分，过量33. permanent(adj.): lasting for a long time; never changing 持久的，永久的permanence (n.) antonym ←→ temporary(adj.)短暂的Phrase34. fill in = write in 填写eg: Please fill your name on the form.35. decide on + sth./ on doing sth./ clause 决定，选定eg: Have you decided on spending your summer holiday at home?36. set aside: save money /time…for special purpose 留出，拨出eg: She has set aside the whole weekend for reading.37. as well: too, also 也，又eg: They all do military training as well.I ordered one apple pie, one hot dog, and one ice-cream as well.as well和as well as 之辨析as well位于句末，as well as(同样，也)位于句中。