2016下半年英语四级模拟试卷及答案

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2016年12月英语四级考试考前模拟试卷及答案（4）

2016年12月英语四级考试考前模拟试卷及答案（4）Part III Cloze (共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then marks your answer on the Answer Sheet.In 1982, Mark Thatcher, the son of Mrs. Thatcher was reported 61 in the Sahara Desert while competing in the Grand Prix motor race from Paris to Dakar. This sad news, so 62 , shook the usually calm and unperturbed seasoned politician 63 her balance. Though she did her best to pretend as if 64 had happened and made her public appearances as usual, people could not 65 to notice that she was no longer the old 66 prime minister who always had everything 67 control. 68 she had become a very sad mother who was unable to recover from her shock.One day, when she was to speak at a luncheon party, a reporter caught her 69 her guard by 70 up the subject of her missing son again. She was totally mentally 71 for the question and lost her self control. Tears were rolling down her eyes as she sobbingly told the reporter that there 72 still no news of Mark and that she was very worried about him. She said that all the countries 73 had promised to do their best to help her find her son. 74 that she broke down completely and sobbed silently for quite a while. Gradually she 75 down and started to speak as 76. it was a very moving scene which 77 a new side of Mrs. Thatcher’s character the public do not us ually see, 78 people began to talk about the Iron Woman’s maternal love, a sentiment that is 79 to all human kind.Later Mark returned 80 and sound to his mother’s side, good-humored and all smiles as usual, as if nothing unusual had ever happened. The Iron Woman, however, broke down again as was sobbing for the second time.61. A. missing B. missed C. wanting D. wanted62. A. expected B. expecting C. unexpected D. unexpecting63. A. with B. on C. out D. off64. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything65. A. miss B. fail C. pretend D. expect66. A. reassured B. self-assured C. assuring D. self-assuring67. A. for B. beneath C. below D. under68. A. Instead B. however C. Therefore D. So69. A. into B. out of C. on D. off70. A. putting B. bringing C. taking D. giving71. A. ready B. prepared C. unprepared D. unexpected72. A. was B. were C. should be D. would be73. A. concerning B. concerned C. worrying D. worried74. A. At B. Before C. After D. With75. A. sat B. broke C. calmed D. became76. A. planned B. planning C. plans D. a plan77. A. explained B. exposed C. excluded D. exclaimed78. A. however B. instead C. so D. but79. A. universal B. unique C. single D. strange80. A. safe B. safely C. sight D. hearingShopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. 61 in the 1900s most Americans towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always in the hear of a town. This street was 62 on both sides with many 63 businesses. Here, shoppers talked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries,64 , some shops offered 65. These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops.66 in the 1950s, a change began to 67 . Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street 68 too few parking place ere 69 shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 70 the city limits. Open space is what their car driving customers needed. And open space is what they got 71 the first shopping center was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls, 72 as a collection of small new stores 73 crowed city centers. 74 by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 75 areas to outlying malls. And the growing 76 of shopping centers led 77 to the building of bigger and better stocked stores, 78 the late 197s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 79 of one stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, 80 benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.61A. As early as B. Early C. Early as D. Earlier62. A. built B. designed C. intended D. lined63. A. varied B. various C. sorted D. mixed-up64. A. Apart from B. however C. In addition D. As well65. A. medical care B. food C. cosmetics D. services66. A. Suddenly B. Abruptly C. Contrarily D. But67. A. be taking place B. take place C. be taken place D. have taken place68. A. while B. yet C. though D. and then69. A. available for B. available to C. used by D. ready for70. A. over B. from C. out of D. outside71. A. when B. while C. since D. then72. A. started B. founded C. set up D. organized73. A. out of B. away from C. next to D. near74. A. Attracted B. Surprised C. Delighted D. Enjoyed75. A. inner B. central C. shopping D. downtown76. A. distinction B. fame C. popularity D. liking77. A. on B. in turn C. by turns D. further78. A. by B. During C. In D. Towards79. A. cheapness B. readiness C. convenience D. handiness80. A. because of B. and C. with D. provided。

12月CET4模拟试卷及答案（3）

12月CET4模拟试卷及答案（3）2016年12月CET4模拟试卷及答案Part ⅢVocabulary (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41.A great deal of ___ for our success should go to Michael Lee, head of our team.A) merit B) creditC) favor D) reward42.They question whether a fair way can be ___ to tell which employees really perform better than their fellow employees.A) depicted B) devisedC) decorated D) designated43.The report indicates that it is financially ___ to build a water power station in the area.A) adaptable B) availableC) feasible D) flexible44.Somehow she felt that she herself had to some extent been the cause of all the trouble,and suffered___.A) accordingly B) respectivelyC) consequently D) incidentally45.The gas company ___ a leak in the main line and evacuated all the tenants of the building.A) detected B) inspectedC) discerned D) explored46.At the 27th Olympic Games she ___ two gold and one silver medals in the track and field events.A) carried away B) carried offC) carried over D) carried through47.More than 790,000 youths were reported to have____the National Master’s Entrance Examination last year.A) sat on B) sat upC) sat in D) sat for48.As a general rule, people with a great deal of ___ often have admiring friends and bitter enemies.A) personality B) temperamentC) disposition D) character49.After she gave birth to a child, she was ___ to go back to work in order to make the ends meet.A) compelled B) enforcedC) imposed D) depressed50.That football club tried to ___ the famous player with offers of a tremendous sum of money.A) deceive B) persuadeC) tempt D) indulge51.Many animal can ___ with their surroundings because of their protective coloring.A) integrate B) matchC) blend D) merge52.The strange phenomenon has ___ and puzzled many scientists for more a century.A) annoyed B) embarrassedC) fascinated D) frustrated53.As we all know, the same gestures may have different ___ which vary from one culture to another.A) implications B) presumptionsC) expressions D) assumptions54.With the advent of PC and home-information systems, we’ll one day be able to ___ most business dealings from home.A) implement B) executeC) conduct D) supplement55.It was an awful accident. I wonder how you managed to ___ without a scratch.A) see through B) come throughC) get through D) break though56.This difficult problem we face in the project has to be tackled before we can ___ to others.A) pursue B) advocateC) precede D) proceed57.While most scientists agree that the greenhouse effect is coming, there are not enough data yet to say with absolute ___ what its consequences will be.A) confirmation B) conformityC) conviction D) conscience58.It is a___that in such a rich and prosperous country there should be so many poverty-stricken people.A) controversy B) paradoxC) aversion D) conversion59.It’s a well-known fact that truth will in the end ___ over falsehood, and right over wrong.A) dominate B) prevailC) thrive D) conquer60.We can’t choose whet her we will pay income tax or not, for payment of income tax is ___.A) compulsory B) voluntaryC) arbitrary D) dutiable61.It’s generally agreed that fluctuations in birth rate are ___ to a number of economic factors.A) entitled B) attributedC) confined D) dedicated62.It’s always better to ___ a problem before it arises than to search for a solution to it afterwards.A) evaluate B) predictC) anticipate D) estimate63.It takes tremendous courage to ___ a belief that is not shared by many others.A) persist in B) abide byC) hold on D) adhere to64.As a good employer, he knows how to make full use of the ___ of his employees’ talents and abilities.A) validity B) integrityC) diversity D) versatility65.Over the years jazz has changed and developed but it has essentially ___ its fundamental characteristics.A) remained B) retainedC) reserved D) resumed66.Economics is a subject that ___ all people’s lives whether they are conscious of it or not.A) draws on B) catches onC) touches on D) embarks on67.When one gets a good ___ into a problem, he will usually find a way to approach it or solve it.A) outlook B) perspectiveC) version D) insight68.She cares much about other people’s opinions about her and is particularly ___ to personal criticisms.A) sensational B) sentimentalC) sensible D) sensitive69.My secretary has typed out the first___of the report,but I must revise it before I submit to the conference.A) draft B) sketchC) script D) outline70.They reported the loss in the financial fraud and gave all the necessary ___ to the police.A) particulars B) provisionsC) procedures D) precautionsPart ⅤWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Economic Development and Moral Decline. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your compositionon the outline (given in Chinese) below:1.近年来我国经济建设取得了很大成就2.但与此同时,社会风气随着经济的发展也日益下降下载文档。

2016下半年英语四级听力模拟训练试题(三)

2016下半年英语四级听力模拟训练试题(三)Long Conversations 2MAN:Have a seat, please, Miss Jenkins.WOMAN:Thank you, sir.MAN:Well, I'd like to start our conversation with some questions. Shall I start?WOMAN:Sure.MAN:Can you type, Miss Jenkins?WOMAN:Yes, I can.MAN:How many words a minute?WOMAN:Sixty.MAN:Hmm. Have you ever learned how to operate office computer?WOMAN:Yes, I have. I worked for two years as a computer operator in a school.MAN:Good. Are you familiar with other modern equipment, the fax machine, printer, and things like that?WOMAN:I don't think there's any problem for me to work on these machines. You know, sir, I've even learned shorthand.MAN:You have? That's good. And you speak foreign languages, do you?WOMAN:Yes. I speak German and French.MAN:Do you speak Italian?WOMAN:No, I don't speak Italian. But I speak Chinese.MAN:Really? We have branches in Beijing and Shanghai.WOMAN:You mean I have the job?MAN:Wait, wait, Miss Jenkins. I have to talk to the general manager before a final decision is made.WOMAN:I see. When can I know the result?MAN:In about two weeks, I think.WOMAN:Thank you very much.MAN:Goodbye, Miss Jenkins.WOMAN:Goodbye.Q22: What are the man and woman talking about?Q23: Who might be the man in the dialogue?Q24: Which of the following is true about Miss Jenkins? Q25: What can you infer from the dialogue?。

精品2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(19)

2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(19)Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Every year 100 million holiday―makers are drawn to the Mediterranean.With onethird of the world's tourist trade, it is the most popular of all the holiday destinations; it is also the most polluted.It has only 1 per cent of the world's sea surface, but carries more than half the oil and tar floating on the waters. Thousands of factories pour their poison into the Mediterranean, and almost every city, townand village on the coast sends its sewage, untreated, into the sea.The result is that the Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilizations, is gravely ill―the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it. And the pollution does not merely keep back life of the sea―it threatens the people who inhabit and visit its shores.The mournful form of disease is caused by sewage. Eightyfive per centof the waste from the Mediterranean's 120 coastal cities is pushed out into the waters where their people and visitors bathe and fish. What is more, most cities just drop it in straight off the beach; rare indeed are the placeslike Cannes and Tel Aviv which pipe it even half a mile offshore.Not surprisingly, vast areas of the shallows are awash with bacteria and it doesn't take long for these to reach people. Professor William Brumfitt of the Royal Free Hospital once calculated that anyone who goes for a swim in the Mediterranean has a one in seven chance of getting some sort of disease. Other scientists say this is an overestimate; but almost all of them agree that bathers are at risk.Industry adds its own poisons. Factories cluster round the coastline, and even the most modern rarely has proper wastetreatment plant. They do as much damage to the sea as sewage.But the good news is that the countries of the Mediterranean have been coming together to work out how to save their common sea.21. The causes of the Mediterranean's pollution is ____.A) the oil and tar floating on the waterB) many factories put their poison into the seaC) untreated sewage from the factories and coastal citiesD) there are some sorts of diseases in the sea22. Which of following consequence of a polluted sea is not true according to the passage?A) Bring up so many civilizations.B) Various diseases in the sea.C) It threatens the inhabitants and travelers.D) One in seven chance of getting some sort of disease swimming in the sea.23. The word “sewage”refer to ____.A) poisonC) liquid materialB) wasteD) solid material24. Why does industry do much damage to the sea?A) Because most factories have proper wastetreatment plants.B) Because many factories have not proper wastetreatment plants even the most modern one.C) Because just the modern factory has a waste treatment plant.D) Because neither ordinary factories nor most modern ones have proper wastetreatment plants.25. What is the passage mainly about?A) Save the world.B) How the people live in the Mediterranean sea.C) How the industry dangers the sea.D) Beware the dirty sea.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:THE CLASSROOM is a man's world, where boys get twothirds of the teachers' attention ― even when they are in a minority― taunt (辱骂) the girls without punishment, and receive praise for sloppy work that would not be tolerated from girls. They are accustomed to being teachers' pets, and if girls get anything like equal treatment, they will protest eagerly and even wreck lessons.These claims are made in a book out this week, written by Dale Spender, a lecturer at the London University Institute of Education. She argues that discrimination against girls is so deeply in coeducational schools that single sex classes are the only answer.Her case is based on taperecordings of her own and other teachers' lessons. Many of them, like Spender, had deliberately set out to give girls a fair chance. “Sometimes,” says Spender, “I have even thought I have gone too far and have spent more time with the girls than the boys.”The tapes proved otherwise. In 10 taped lessons (in secondary school and college), Spender never gave the girls more than 42 per cent of her attention (the average was 38 percent) and never gave the boys less than 58 percent. There were similar results for other teachers, both male and female.In other words, when teachers give girls more than a third of their time, they feel that they are cheating the boys of their rightful share. And so do the boys themselves. “She always asks the girls all the questions,” said one boy in a classroom where 34 per cent of the teachers' time was allocated to girls. “She doesn't like boy s, and just listens to the girls.” said a boy in another class, where his sex got 63 per cent of teacher attention.Boys regarded twothirds of the teacher's time as a fair deal ― and when they got less they caused trouble in class and even complained to higher authority. “It's important to keep their attention,” said one teacher, “Otherwise,they play you up something awful.”Spender concludes that, in mixed classes, if the girls are as boisterous and pushy as the boys, they are considered “unladylike”, if they are docile and quiet, they are ignored.26. If boys are better treated in class, ____ would be better.A) singlesex classes and coeducational classesB) coeducational classesC) singlesex classesD) None of the above27. Dale Spender obtained the evidence for her claims by ____.A) her own lessons in secondary school and collegeB) the other teachers' taperecordingsC) both male and female teachersD) taperecordings of her own and other teachers' lessons28. What are the boy's reactions when girls are given more attention?A) They will keep the teachers' attention again.B) They will make some trouble and complain to the headmaster.C) They will play up the teacher something awful.D) They will feel they are cheated by teachers.29. The word “boisterous” in the last paragraph probably means ____.A) rough B) braveC)troublesome D) emotional30. The best title for this passage would be ____.A) boys are teachers' petsB) boys do better in coeducational classesC) singlesex classes are better than coeduationed classesD) girls do better than boys答案Part Ⅱ1短文大意本文讲的是地中海的污染原因及结果。

12月英语四级模拟测试卷及答案（4）

12月英语四级模拟测试卷及答案（4）2016年12月英语四级模拟测试卷及答案Part Ⅳ Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In the passage there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.A man or woman makes direct contact with society in two ways:as member of some familiar,professional or religious group,or as a member of a crowd.Groups are able of being as moral and intelligent as the individuals who form it;a crowd is chaotic,has no purpose of its own and is capable of everything except intelligent action and realistic thinking.Assembling in a crowd,people lose their powers of reasoning and their capacity for normal chose. Their suggestibility is increased to the point that they cease to have any judgement or will of their own. They become very excitable, they lose all sense of individual or collective responsibility, they are subject for sudden excesses of rage, enthusiasm and panic. In a word, a man in a crowd behave as though he had swallowed a large does of some powerful intoxicant.71. ____72. ____73. ____74. ____75. ____76. ____77. ____78. ____79. ____80. ____Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic. “Rechoice of Professions—A Social Problem”. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese ) below:1. 下岗人员(laid off personnel)面临一个严肃的问题——再就业。

精品2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(20)

2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(20)Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 arebased on the following passage:We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I b roke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?” “And Paul ― why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends ― or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You're a lucky guy” or “You're a lucky gal,” that's being friendly. But “lucky dog”?There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe hedoesn't see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says square with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.21.When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he ____.A) feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to himB) feel s he may not have “read” his friends' true feelings correctlyC) thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as afriendD) is sorry that his friends let him down22.By saying “You're a lucky dog.”, the speaker ____.A) is just being friendlyB) exp resses the same meaning as “You're a lucky guy.” or“You ' re a lucky gal.”C) is humorous to apply the word “dog” to peopleD) has a hidden jealous feeling behind the words23.In listening to a person, the important thing is ____.A) to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eyeB) to listen to how he pronounces his wordsC) to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his postureD) not to believe what he says24.If you followed the advice of the writer, you would ____.A) weigh carefully what people say to determine their real meaningB) get along well with peopleC) trust what other people sayD) have no doubts about our friends25.This passage tries to tell you how to ____.A) avoid mistakes about both money and peopleB) say things elegantlyC) avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell youD) keep people friendly without trusting themQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Sleep is part of a person's daily activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep, and they too occur in cycles. If you are an averagesleeper,your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber (安睡), y our eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and your breathing were slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too, with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes. This iscalled stage 1 sleep. For the next half hour or so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after youfall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear, to be replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves. Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids (眼皮) as if you were looking at something occurring in front of you. This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep period,your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more, and you will slip gen tly back from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep ― only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later.26.The stages of sleep take on ____.A) an irregular aspect.B) a regular aspectC) a punctual aspectD) a similar aspect27.Stage 4 sleep lasts ____.A) about 80 minutesB) about 4060 minutesC) about 30 munutesD) about 2040 minutes28.The brain waves are the slowest during ____.A) stage 1 C) stage 4B) stage 2 and stage 3D) REM sleep29.In the second paragraph the word “dart” means ____.A) glare C) stop movingB) move rapidly or suddenly D) gaze30.One of the features of REM sleep is that ____.A) there are large slow waves, though rapid for the first few minutesB) you have the deepest sleepC) there are no brain wavesD) the brain waves are a little fast and the brain becomes a little active答案Part Ⅱ1ざ涛拇笠猹本文与我们日常生活关系十分密切。

精品2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(16)

2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(16)Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. To them, however, the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral. For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose, they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the bestknown American Indian warrior of theRevolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the confederacy than he did. She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ⅲ. When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands and retreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Creeks and as a reward for her heroism was made “Beloved Woman” of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women’s council and a member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the white settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.21.What is the main point the author makes in the passage?A.Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.B.At the time of the Revolution the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.C.Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.D.The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.22.The word “it” in line 5 refers to ____.A.sideB.revolutionC.disputeD.independence23.How did Ward gain her position of authority?A.By bravery in battle.B.By marriage to a chief.C.By joining the confederacy.D.By being born into a powerful family.24.To which tribe did Nancy Ward belong?A.Mohawk.B.Iroquois.C.Cherokee.D.Creek.25.According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward had in common?A.Each was called “Beloved Woman” by her tribe.B.Each influenced her tribe’s role in the American Revolution.C.Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.D.Each went to England after the American Revolution.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Born in 1830 in rural Amherst, Massachusetts,Emily Dickinson spent her entire life in the household of her parents. Between 1858 and 1862, it was later discovered, she wrote like a person possessed, often producing a poem a day. It was also during this period that her life was transformed into the myth of Amherst. Withdrawing more and more, keeping to her room, sometimes even refusing to see visitors who called,she began to dress only in white―a habit that addedto her reputation as an eccentric.In t heir determination to read Dickinson’s lifein terms of a traditional romantic plot, biographers have missed the unique pattern of her life―her struggle to create a female life not yet imagined by the culture in which she lived. Dickinson was not the innocent, lovelorn and emotionally fragile girl sentimentalized by the Dickinson myth and popularized by William Luce’s 1976 play, the Belle of Amherst.Her decision to shut the door on Amherst society inthe 1850’s transformed her house into a kind of magical realm in which she was free to engage her poetic genius. Her seclusion was not the result of a failed love affair, but rather a part of a moregeneral pattern of renunciation through which she, in her quest for selfsovereignty, carried on an argument with the puritan fathers, attacking with wit and ironytheir cheerless Calvinist doctrine, their stern patriarchal God, and their rigid notions of “true womanhood”.26.What’s the author’s main purpose in the passage?A.To interpret Emily Dickinson’s eccentr ic behavior.B.To promote the popular myth of Emily Dickinson.C.To discuss Emily Dickinson’s failed love affair.D.To describe the religious climate in Emily Dickinson’s time.27.Which of the following is not mentioned as being one of Emily Dickin son’s eccentricities?A.Refusing to eat.B.Wearing only white.C.Avoiding visitors.D.Staying in her room.28.According to the passage, biographers of Emily Dickinson have traditionally ____.A.criticized most of her poemsB.ignored her innocence and emotional fragilityC.seen her life in romantic termsD.blaming her parents for restricting heractivities29.The author implies that many people attribute Emily Dickinson’s seclusion to ____.A.physical illnessB.a failed love affairC.religious fervorD.her dislike of people30.It can be inferred from the passage that Emily Dickinson lived in a society that was characterized by ____.A.strong Puritan beliefsB.equality of men and womenC.the encouragement of nonconformityD.the appreciation of poetic creativityQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The railroad industry could not have grown as large as it did without steel. The first rails were made of iron. But iron rails were not strong enough to support heavy trains running at high speeds. Railroad executives wanted to replace them with steel rails because steel was ten or fifteen times stronger and lasted twenty times longer. Before the 1870’s, however, steel was too expensive to be widely used. Itwas made by a slow and expensive process of heating, stirring and reheating iron ore.Then the inventor Henry Bessemer discovered that directing a blast of air at melted iron in a furnace would burn out the impurities that made the iron brittle. As the air shot through the furnace, the bubbling metal would erupt in showers of sparks. When the fire cooled, the metal had been changed, or converted to steel. The Bessemer converter made possible the mass production of steel. Now three to five tons of iron could be changed into steel in a matter of minutes.Just when the demand for more and more steel developed, prospectors discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range, a 120long region in Minnesota near Lake Superior. The Mesabi deposits were so near the surface that they could be mined with steam shovels.Barges and steamers carried the iron ore through Lake Superior to depots on the southern shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. With dizzying speed Gary, Indiana, and Toledo, Youngstown, and Cleveland, Ohio, became major steelmanufacturing centers. Pittsburgh was the greatest steel city of all.Steel was the basic building material of the industrial age. Production skyrocketed from seventyseven thousand tons in 1870 to over eleven million tons in 1900.31.According to the passage, the railroad industry preferred steel to iron because steel was ____.A.cheaper and more plentifulB.lighter and easier to moldC.cleaner and easier to mineD.stronger and more durable32.According to the passage, how did Bessemer method make the mass production of steel possible?A.It directed air at melted iron in a furnace, removing all impurities.B.It slowly heated iron ore then stirred it and heated it again.C.It changed iron ore into iron which was a substitute for steel.D.It could quickly find deposits of iron ore under the ground.33.According to the passage, where were large deposits of iron uncovered?A.In Pittsburgh.B.In the Mesabi Range.C.Near Lake Michigan.D.Near Lake Erie.34.The words “Barges and steamers” could best be replaced by which of the following?A.Trains.B.Planes.C.Boats.D.Trucks.35.It can be inferred from the passage that the mass production of steel caused ____.A.a decline in the railroad industryB.a revolution in the industrial worldC.an increase in the price of steelD.a feeling of discontent among steel workers答案Part Ⅱ1短文大意文章主要描述了美国印第安人在美国革命中所面临的矛盾，无论印第安人支持哪一方――殖民主义者还是英格兰，他们都将失去自己的领土与独立。

下半年大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案

下半年大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案2016年下半年大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案2016年12月英语四六级考试将在12月17日开考，大为了帮助大家更好地备考四级考试，下面是yjbys网店铺提供给大家关于英语四级模拟试卷及答案，希望对同学们的备考有所帮助。

Part I Writing.(30 minutes)1、1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品;2.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害;3.消除伪劣商品的方法。

Section A36、Questions 36-46 are based on the following passage.Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go fuller.The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually___36____you money or can add to the cost.Take the___37____example of a hairdryer, If you are buying a hairdryer，you might think that you are making the___38____ buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest___39____price.But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive___40____to dry your hair.The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you___41____when you go out shopping?If you keep your home.your car or any valuable____42___in excellent condition，you’11 be saving money in the long run.Before you buy a new____43___，talk to someone who owns one.If you e it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose.Before you buy an expensive___44____，or a service，do check the price and what is on offer.If possible.choose____45___three items or three estimatesA.spossessionB.saveC.bestD.applianceE.materialF. fromG.simpleH.withI.inJ.elementK. modelL.itemM.easyN.adoptO.reasonable第(36)题__________。

精品2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(1)

2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案（1）Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Some radio singals were heard in 1967.They were coming from a point in the sky where there was unknown star.They were coming very regularly,too:about once a second,if they were controlled by clock.The scientists who heard the signals did not tell anybody else.They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people.The signals were coming from avery small body―no bigger,perhaps than the earth.Was that why no light could be seen from it?Or were the signals coming from a planet that belonged to some other star?There was no end to the questions,but the scientists kept the news secret.“Perhaps there are intelligent beings out there.”they thought,“who are trying to send messages to other planets,or to us?So the news was not given to the newspaper.Instead,the scientists studied the signals and searched for others like them...Well,all that happened in 1967 and1968.Since then scientists have learnt more about those strange,regular,radio signals.And they have told the story,of course.The signals do not come from a planet;they come from a new kind of star called a “pulsar””.About a hundred other pulsars have now been found,and most of them are very like the first one.Pulsars are strong radio stars.They are the smallest but the heaviest stars we know at present.A handful of pulsar would weigh a few thousandtons.Their light―if they give much light―is too small for us to see.But we can be sure of this,no intelligent beings are living on them.21. The radio signals discussed in thispassage____.A.were regularB.were controlled by a clockC.were heard in 1967 onlyD.were secret messages22. The radio singals were sent by____.A.a satelliteB.a planetC.a sky body which was unknown at that timeD.intelligent beings who were unknown at that time23. The scientists did not tell people about the signals because____.A.the singals stood for secret messagesB.people would ask them too many questionsC.they did not want to frighten peopleD.they stood for unimportant messages24. A pulsar is____.A. a small heavy star which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenB. a small heavy planet which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenC. a small heavy satellite which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenD. a small intelligent being who sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seen25. Which of the following is true?A.One of the pulsars found by scientists sends radio signals.B.Pulsar began to send radio singals in 1967.C.Scientists have searched for pulsars for many years but found none.D.Scientists have found many pulsars since 1967.rn life and ancient life.27. “one out of seven” refers to____.A.more than a third of the lands' earthB.the percentage of the earth's land that is desert-likeC.the number of people who live in dry regionsD.a day of a week28. In paragraph 2,“they are taken to the greener lands in the south.”They refers to____.A.the Sahel farm landB.the farmersC.the cattlesD.the trees29. How many ideas for saving the land are described?A.Five.B.Two.C.Four.D.Three.30. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?A.The earth's desert are slowly spreading.B.One out of 10 people lives in dry regions.C.Their life in the desert is threatened now by traditional problems.D.New water wells can solve the problem inAfrica's desert.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Telephone, television, radio, and telegraph all help people communicate with each other. Because of these devices, ideas and news of events spread quickly all over the world. For example, within seconds, people can know the results of an election in another country. An international football match comes into the homes of everyone with a television set.News of a disaster such as an earthquake or a flood can bring help from distant countries within hours, help is onthe way. Because of modern technology like the satellites that travel around the world, information travels fast.How has this speed of communication changed the world? To many people,the world has become smaller. Of course this does not mean that the world is actually physically smaller. It means that the world seems smaller. Two hundred years ago,communication between the continents took a long time. All news was carried on ships that took weeks or even months to cross the ocean. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries,it took six weeks for news from Europe to reach America.This time difference influenced people's actions. For example, one battle, or fight, in the War of 1812 between England and the United States could have been avoided. A peace agreement had already been signed. Peace was made in England, but the news of peace took six weeks to reach America. During thesesix weeks, the large and serious Battle of New Orleans was fought. Many people lost their lives after a peace treaty had been signed.They would not have died if news had come in time.In the past,communication took much time than it does now.There was a good reason why the world seemed so much larger than it does today.31. News spreads fast because of____.A.modern transportationB.new technologyC.the change of the worldD.a peace agreement32. According to this passage,____is very important to people in a disaster area.A.fast communicationB.modern technologytest newsD.new ideas33. Which of the following statements is true?A.The world now seems smaller because of faster communication.B.The world is actually smaller today.C.The world is changing its size.D. The distance between England and America has changed since the War of 181234. Two hundred years ago,news between the continents was carried____.A.by telephone and telegraphB.by landC.by airD.by sea35. The New Orleans Battle could have been avoided if the peace agreement had been signed____.A.by both sidesB.in timeC.in AmericaD.in EnglandQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one.An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge.We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.[ZZ)]The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health.If we so desire,we can smoke,drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts,eat whatever foods we want,and live a completely sedentary life-style without any excuse.The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society,although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned.Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty.As one example,a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do. A multitude of factors,both inherited and environmental,influence the development of heal threlated behaviors,and it is beyond the scope of thistext to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual.However,the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choices.There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices.In discussing the moral of personalchoice,Fries and Crapo drew a comparison.[ZZ(Z]They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attemptingsuicide.[ZZ)]Thus,for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life,personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.36. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because____.A.personal health choices help cure most illnessesB.it helps raise the level of our medical knowledgeC.it is essential to personal freedom in American societyD.wrong decisions could head to poor health37. To “live a completely sedentary lifestyle”(Para. 1) in the passage means____.”A.to live an inactive lifeB.to live a decent lifeC.to live a life with complete freedomD.to live a life of vice38. Sound personal health choice is oftendifficult to make because____.A.current medical knowledge is still insufficientB.there are many factors influencing our decisionsC.few people are willing to trade the quality of life for longevityD.people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends39. To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to____.A.improving the quality of one's lifeB.limiting one's personal health choiceC.deliberately ending one's lifeD.breaking the rules of social behavior40. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on____.A.personal decisionsws of societyC.statistical evidenceD.opinions of friendsPart Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. ____he thought of it,the stars seemed always large and clear before the dawn of Christmas Day.A.As forB.Now thatC.BecauseD.As soon as42. A thought____him like a silver dagger.A.beatB.hitC.struckD.pondered43. I'll____this afternoon.A.get the radio fixedB.get the radio to be fixedC.get the radio being fixedD.get the radio fixing44. Who is____personnel at present?A.in the charge ofB.under charge ofC.under the charge ofD.in charge of45. Tell him to turn down the TV.It's____my nerves.A.get overB.get inC.get crazy withD.get on46. The family decided to raise two cows and five sheep____the chickens,ducks and rabbits.A.exceptB.besidesC.besideD.except for47. I woke up,____that he had gone.A.only findingB.only having foundC.only to findD.only to have found48. The project____by the time you come to China again.A.will be completedB.will have been completedC.is to be completedD.is going to be completed49. In the course of the work,we____lots of difficulties.A.met withB.sawC.got intoD.came across50. ____his accent,he must be from the south.A.Judged byB.Being judged fromC.Judging fromD.Being judged by51. The boy____his father.A.was accused of having killedB.was accused to have killedC.was accused of killingD.was accused to kill52. Missing the train means____for an hour.A.waitingB.to waitC.to be waitingD.have to wait53. Something extraordinary happened in that hospital.A man,who was declaredclinically dead,suddenly____.A.returned to lifeB.restored to lifeC.came to lifeD.survived54. They are glad to see the children____in the day care center.A.well taken careB.being well taken care ofC.well looked afterD.being well looked after55. She is a woman of rare gifts.Her performance last night was indeed very____.A.impressedB.impressiveC.impressingD.impression56. The road being built was scheduledto____traffic on May Day.A.be close toB.be closed toC.be open toD.be opened to57. It was more than fifteen years ago____I entered the laboratory of Professor Agassiz.A.whenB.thatC.in whichD.since58. ____than it began raining.A.Hardly had he reached homeB.Hardly did he reach homeC.No sooner did he reach homeD.No sooner had he reached home59. The man's life____if he had been sent to a better hospital.A.might have been savedB.may have been savedC.was to be savedD.should be saved60. Everybody looked____the direction of the explosion.A.toB.fromC.inD.into61. This is a____young writer.He has published quite a few good stories inrecent years.A.promisedB.looking forwardC.promisingD.clever62. The doctor insists that the patient____.A.must be operatedB.should be operatedC.be operated onD.needs operating on63. It sounds as if the telephone____.A.were ringingB.was ringing.C.has being ringingD.is ringing64. The family looked on helplessly as their house____.A.burning downB.was burned downC.was burning downD.burned down65. What is the____language in India?A.officeB.officialC.officiallyD.officer66. He____twenty times,striking a match each time to look at his old watch.A.had wakedB.was awakeC.must have wakedD.was waken67. There he bought____chocolate for his daughter,and then he had____beers in the bar not far from the school.A.a bar of...a couple ofB.a piece of...a bottle ofC.a dozen of...a couple ofD.a cubic of...a tin of68. With his big fleshy nose he____his grandpa.A.looks likeB.takes afterC.looks afterD.resembles69. The ____majority were in support of this bill so it was passed without much difficulty.A.overflowingB.overtakingC.overloadingD.overwhelming70. The actress____the terms of her contract and was sued by the producer.A.isolatedB.signedC.implementedD.violatedPart Ⅳ Translation from English into Chinese (15 minutes)Directions:In this part,there are five items which you should translate into Chinese,each item consisting of one or two sentences.These sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read in Part Three of the Test Paper.You are allowed 15 minutes to do the translation.You should refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.71.(Passage 1 Para.1)They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people.72. (Passage 2 Para.1)Now largely through problems caused by modern life,their existence is threatened by the slow,steady spread of the earth's deserts.73. (Passage 3 Para.1)Because of modern technology like the satellite that travel around theworld,information travels fast.74. (Passage 4 Para.1)We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.75. (Passage 4 Para.1)They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide.答案1短文大意1967年人类收到了一些太空信号。

下半年大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案（2）

下半年大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案（2）2016年下半年大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案C.Many of the inner capacities——often known as psych0—social skills——cannot be taught as subjects.They are not the same as academic or technical learning.They must rather be modeled and promoted as part of learning，and in particular by teachers.These skills have to do with the way we behave—towards other people，towards ourselves，towards the challenges and problems of life.They include skills in communicating，in making decisions and solving problems，in negotiating and expressing ourselves，in thinking critically and understanding our feelings.D.More practical life skills are the kinds of manual skills we need for the physical tasks we face.Some would include vocational skills under the heading of life skills——the ability to lay bricks.sew clothes，catch fish or repair a motorbike.These are skills by which people may earn their livelihood and which are often available to young people leaving school.In fact，very often young people learn psycho-social skills as they learn more practical skills.Learning vocational skills can be a strategy for acquiring both practical and psycho-social skills.E.We need to increase our life skills at every stage of life，so learning them may be part of early child—hood education.of primary and secondary education and of adult learning groups.Life skills can be put into the categories that the Jacques Delors report suggested;it spoke of four pillars of education，which correspond to certain kinds of life skills—Learning to know：Thinking abilities：such as problem—solving，critical thinking，decision making，understanding consequences.Learning to be：Personal abilities：such as managing stress and feelings，self-awareness，self-confidence.Learning to live together：Social abilities：such as communication，negotiation，teamwork.Learning to do： Manual skills：practicing know-how required for work and tasks.F.In today’s world all these skills are necessary, in order to face rapid change in society.This means that it is important to know how to go on learning as we require new skills for life and work.In addition，we need to know how to cope with the flood of information and turn it in touseful knowledge.We also need to learn how to handle change in society and in our own lives.G.Life skills are both concrete and abstract—practical skills can be learned directly, as a subject.For example, a learner can take a course in laying bricks and learn that skill.Other life skills，such as self-confidence，self-esteem，and skills for relating to others or thinking critically cannot be taught in such direct ways.They should be part of any learning process，where teachers or instructors are concerned that learners should not just learn about subjects，but learn how to cope with life and make the most of their potential.H.So these life skills may be learnt when learning other things.For example：Learning literacy may have a big impact on self-esteem，on critical thinking or on communication skills;Learning practical skills s ach as drivin9，healthcare or tailoring may increase self-confidence，teach problem—solving processes or help in understanding consequences.I. Whether this is true depends on the way of teachin9—what kinds of thinkin9，relationship building and communication the teacher or facilitator models themselves and promotes among the learners.It would require measuring the individual and collective progress in making the most of learning and of life，or assessing how far human potential is being realized，or estimating how well people cope with change.It is easier to measure the development of practical skills，for instance by counting the number of students who register for vocational skills courses.However, this still may not tell us how effectively these skills are being used.J.The psych0.social skills cannot easily be measured by tests and scores，but become visible in Chang behavior.Progress in this area has often been noted by teachers on reports which they make t.the parents of their pupils.The te acher’s experience of life，of teaching and of what can be expected from education in the broadest sense serve as a standard by which the growth and development of individuals can be assessed to some extent.This kind of assessment is individual and may never appear in international tables and charts.K.The current challenges relate to these difficulties：We need to recognize the importance of life skills————both practical and psycho-social—————as part of education which leads to the full development of human potential and to the development of society.The links between psycho—social skills and practical skills must be more clearly spelled out，so that educators can promote both together and find effective ways to do this.Since life skills are taught as part of a wide range of subjects，teachers need to have training in how to put them across and how to monitor learners’ growth in these areas.In designing curricula and syllabuses for academic subjects，there must be a balance between content teaching and attention to the accompanying life skills.A more conscious and deliberateeffort to promote life skills will enable learners to become more active citizens in the life of society.L. Governments should recognize and actively advocate for the transformational role of education in realizing human potential and in socio—economic development.Ensure that curricula and syllabuses address life skills and give learners the opportunity to make real-life applications of knowledge，skills and attitudes.Show how life skills of all kinds apply in the world of work，for example，negotiating and communication skills，as well practical skills.Through initial and in-service teacher training，increase the use of active and participatory learning/teaching approaches.Examine and adapt the processes and content of education so that there is a balance between academic input and life skills development.Make sure that education inspectors look not only for academic progress through teaching and learning，but also progress in the commmunication，modeling and application of life skills.Advocate for the links between primary and(early.secondary education because learning life skills needs eight or nine years and recognize that the prospect of effective secondary education is an incentive to children，and their parents，to complete primary education successfully.M.Funding agencies should support research，exchange and debate.nationally and regionally,on ways of strengthening life skills education.Support innovative(创新的.teacher training in order to combine life skills promotion into subjects across the curriculum and as a fundamental part of what school and education are about.Recognize the links between primary and secondary education in ensuring that children develop strong life skills.Support，therefore，the early years of secondaryeducation as part basic education.N. As support to governments and in cooperation with other international agencies，UNESC0：Works to define life skills better and clarify what it means to teach and learn them.Assists education. policy makers and teachers to develop and use a life skills approach to education.Advocates for the links between a life skills approach to education and broader society and human development.根据以上内容，回答46-56题。

下半年英语四级cet4模拟试卷及答案

下半年英语四级cet4模拟试卷及答案2016下半年英语四级cet4模拟试卷及答案进入大学之后，面临的比较重要的英语考试就是四级了，部分高校将四级作为学位证的必要要求，一些大型的国有企业招聘的时候的最低指标就是四级，保研时四级也是最要求。

因此，四级还是比较重要的.。

为了帮助大家顺利通过考试，以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于英语四级cet4模拟试卷及答案，供大家练习。

Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:1. 面试在求职过程中的作用2. 取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是...How to Succeed in a Job InterviewPart two Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they wi ll start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Get some change form Jane.B) Use the woman’s phone.C) Go look for a pay phone.D) Pay for the phone call.2. A) At a bookstore.B) In a workshop.C) At an art gallery.D) In a department store.3. A) She’s bought the man a pair of glasses today.B) She will help the man to catch up.C) She is worried about the man’s health.D) She has bought the man an up-to-date map.4. A) He is going to give a talk on fishing.B) He thinks fishing is a good way to kill time.C) He has the same hobby as Susan’s father.D) He is eager to meet Susan’s parents.5. A) He finds the presentation hard to follow.B) He considers the presentation very dull.C) He thinks Professor White has chosen an interesting topic.D) He speaks highly of the presentation.6. A) High quality paper.B) A typewriter.C) A bookshelf.D) Some stocks.7. A) They go to the seaside.B) They set off early.C) They go sightseeing.D) They wait for a fine day.8. A) He was late for school on the first day.B) He had a funny face.C) He was the first person she met at school.D) He liked to show off in class.9. A) Her car can stand any crash.B) Her car is not as good as his.C) Her car is maintained as well as his.D) Her car is kept in good condition.10. A) She is too busy to go.B) She doesn’t want to w ait long.C) She’s willing to go swimming.D) She enjoys the wonderful weather.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestion 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) He was once a friend of the ruler.B) He was a tax collector.C) He was a government official.D) He was once a school teacher in India.12. A) To declare new ways of collecting tax.B) To entertain those who had made great contributions to the government.C) To collect money from the persons invited.D) To reward outstanding tax collectors.13. A) They tried to collect more money than the ruler asked for.B) They were given some silver and gold coins by the ruler.C) They were excused from paying income tax.D) They enjoyed being invited to dinner at the ruler’s palace.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They liked traveling.B) They wanted to find a better place to live in.C) They were driven out of their homes.D) The reasons are unknown.15. A) They try to put up with Gypsies.B) They are envious of Gypsies.C) They are unfriendly to Gypsies.D) They admire the musical talent of the Gypsies.16. A) Special schools have been set up for them.B) Permanent homes have been built for them.C) They are now taught in their own language.D) They are now allowed to attend local schools.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have justheard.17. A) The causes are obvious.B) The causes are very complicated.C) The causes are familiar.D) The causes are not well understood.18. A) Regular driver training.B) Improved highway design.C) Stricter traffic regulations.D) Better public transportation.19. A) Highway crime.B) Poor traffic control.C) Confusing road signs.D) Drivers’ errors.20. A) Designing better cars.B) Building more highways.C) Increasing people’s awareness of traffic problems.D) Enhancing drivers’ sense of responsibility.。

2016年下半年大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案：完形填空

Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Modern people wear many masks that keep their reality confined and ____67___, even to themselves. The possibility of encountering one’s ____68___, learning about one’s self, is frightening and ____69___. Many people expect ____70___ the worst. A hidden fear ____71___ the fact that they may also discover the best. To discover the worst is to face the decision of ____72___ or not to continue in the same pattern. To learn the best is to face the decision of whether or not to live up____73___ it. ____74___ discovery may involve change and ____75___ causes anxiety. ____76___ , this can be a creative anxiety which may be thought of as excitement—the excitement of enhancing one’s ____77___ for being a winner. Transactional analysis is a(n) ____78___ you can use to know yourself, to know how you relate to others, and to discover the dramatic ____79___ your life is taking. The unit of personality structure is the ego state. By becoming ____80___ of your ego state, you can ____81___ between your various sources of thoughts, feelings, and behavior pattern. You can be more aware of the choices available to you. The unit of measure in interpersonal relationships is the ____82___. By analyzing your transactions, you can gain a ____83___ conscious control of how you operate with other people and how they operate with you. Transactional analysis is a practical ____84___ from which you can ____85___ old decisions and behavior and change ____86___ you decide is desirable for you to change. 67. [A]known [B]unknown [C]surrounded [D]unlimited 68. [A]mask [B]armor [C]reality [D]fact 69. [A]frustrating [B]exciting [C]interesting [D]encouraging 70. [A]discovering [B]to discover [C]be discovered [D]to be discovered 71. [A]relies on [B]lies in [C]based on [D]according to 72. [A]how [B]why [C]what [D]whether 73. [A]to [B]on [C]with [D]in 74. [A]Both [B]Either [C]One [D]Neither 75. [A]therefore [B]however [C]even [D]but 76. [A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Then [D]However 77. [A]possibility [B]pattern [C]anxiety [D]decision 78. [A]instrument [B]appliance [C]equipment [D]tool 79. [A]course [B]process [C]track [D]direction 80. [A]beware [B]aware [C]awake [D]unconscious 81. [A]choose [B]change [C]distinguish [D]compare 82. [A]transaction [B]transition [C]transmission [D]transformation 83. [A]much [B]more [C]few [D]little 84. [A]desire [B]frame [C]stage [D]step 85. [A]evaluate [B]change [C]make [D]decide 86. [A]which [B]that [C]whether [D]what 67.【解析】[B]考查上下⽂意思的衔接。

2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案（6）

Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Dormitory Life . You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: Dormitory Life 1. ⼤学宿舍的集体⽣活是全新的体验。

2. 宿舍⽣活与在家⽣活的不同之处。

3. 宿舍⽣活利与弊。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet1. Testing Times Researchers are working on ways to reduce the need for animal experiments, but new laws may increase the number of experiments needed. The current situation In an ideal world, people would not perform experiments on animals. For the people, they are expensive. For the animals, they are stressful and often painful. That ideal world, sadly, is still some way away. People need new drugs and vaccines. They want protection from the toxicity of chemicals. The search for basic scientific answers goes on. Indeed, the European Commission is forging ahead with proposals that will increase the number of animal experiments carried out in the European Union, by requiring toxicity tests on every chemical approved for use within the union's borders in the past 25 years. Already, the commission has identified 140,000 chemicals that have not yet been tested. It wants 30,000 of these to be examined right away, and plans to spend between ~ 4 billion — 8 billion ($5 billion—10 billion) doing so. The number of animals used for toxicity testing in Europe will thus, experts reckon, quintuple (翻五倍) from just over lm a year to about 5m, unless they are saved by some dramatic advances in non-animal testing technology. At the moment, roughly 10% of European animal tests are for general toxicity, 35% for basic research, 45% for drugs and vaccines, and the remaining 10% a variety of uses such as diagnosing diseases. Animal experimentation will therefore be around for some time yet. But the search for substitutes continues, and last weekend the Middle European Society for Alternative Methods to Animal Testing met in Linz, Austria, to review progress. A good place to start finding alternatives for toxicity tests is the liver--the organ responsible for breaking toxic chemicals down into safer molecules that can then be excreted. Two firms, one large and one small, told the meeting how they were using human liver cells removed incidentally during surgery to test various substances for long-term toxic effects. One way out of the problem PrimeCyte, the small firm, grows its cells in cultures over a few weeks and doses them regularly with the substance under investigation. The characteristics of the cells are carefully monitored, to look for changes in their microanatomy. Pfizer, the big firm, also doses its cultures regularly, but rather than studying individual cells in detail, it counts cell numbers. If the number of cells in a culture changes after a sample is added, that suggests the chemical in question is bad for the liver. In principle, these techniques could be applied to any chemical. In practice, drugs (and, in the case of PrimeCyte, food supplements) are top of the list. But that might change if the commission has its way: those 140,000 screenings look like a lucrative market, although nobody knows whether the new tests will be ready for use by 2009, when the commission proposes that testing should start. Other tissues, too, can be tested independently of animals. Epithelix, a small firm in Geneva, has developed an artificial version of the lining of the lungs. According to Huang Song, one of Epithelix's researchers, the firm's cultured cells have similar microanatomy to those found in natural lung linings, and respond in the same way to various chemical messengers. Dr. Huang says that they could be used in long-term toxicity tests of airborne chemicals and could also help identify treatments for lung diseases. The immune system can be mimicked and tested, too. ProBioGen, a company based in Berlin, is developing an artificialhuman lymph node (淋巴结) which, it reckons, could have prevented the neardisastrous consequences of a drag trial held in Britain three months ago, in which (despite the drag having passed animal tests) six men suffered multiple organ failure and nearly died. The drug the men were given made their immune systems hyperactive. Such a response would, the firm's scientists reckon, nave teen identified by their lymph node, which is made from cells that provoke the immune system into a response. ProBioGen's lymph node could thus work better than animal testing. A second alternative Another way of cutting the number of animal experiments would be to change the way that vaccines are tested, according to Coenraad Hendriksen of the Netherlands Vaccine Institute. At the moment, all batches of vaccine are subject to the same battery of tests. Dr. Hendriksen argues that this is over-rigorous. When new vaccine cultures are made, belt-and-braces tests obviously need to be applied. But if a batch of vaccine is derived from an existing culture, he suggests that it need be tested only to make sure it is identical to the batch from which it is derived. That would require fewer test animals. All this suggests that though there is still some way to go before drugs, vaccines and other substances can be tested routinely on cells rather than live animals, useful progress is being made. What is harder to see is how the use of animals might be banished from fundamental research. Weighing the balance In basic scientific research, where the object is to understand how, say, the brain works rather than to develop a drug to treat brain disease, the whole animal is often necessarily the object of study. Indeed, in some cases, scientific advances are making animal tests more valuable, rather than less. Geneticmodification techniques mean that mice and rats can be remodelled to make them exhibit illnesses that they would not normally suffer from. Also, genes for human proteins can be added to them, so that animal tests will more closely mimic human responses. This offers the opportunity to understand human diseases better, and to screen treatments before human trials begin. However, the very creation of these mutants (突变异种) counts as an animal experiment in its own right, so the number of experiments is increasing once again. What is bad news for rodents, though, could be good news for primates. Apes and monkeys belong to the same group of mammals as humans, and are thus seen as the best subjects for certain sorts of experiment. To the extent that rodents can be "humanised", the number of primate experiments might be reduced. Some people, of course, would like to see them eliminated altogether, regardless of the effect on useful research. On June 6th the British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection, an animal-rights group, called for the use of primates in research to be banned. For great apes, this has already happened. Britain, Austria, the Netherlands, New Zealand and Sweden have ended experiments on chimpanzees, gorillas, bonobos and orang-utans. Experiments on monkeys, though, are still permitted. And some countries have not banned experiments on apes. In America, for example, about 1,000 chimpanzees a year are used in research. This is a difficult area. Great apes are man's closest relatives, having parted company from the human family tree only a few million years ago. Hence it can be (and is) argued that they are indispensable for certain sorts of research. On the other hand, a recent study by Andrew Knight and his colleagues at Animal Consultants International, an animal-advocacy group, casts doubt on the claim that apes are used only for work of vital importance to humanity. Important papers tend to get cited as references in subsequent studies, so Mr. Knight looked into the number of citations received by 749 scientific papers published as a result of invasive experiments on captive chimpanzees. Half had received not a single citation up to ten years after their original publication. That is damning. Animal experiments are needed for the advance of medical science, not to mention people's safety. But if scientists are to keep the sympathy of the public, they need to do better than that. 1. The passage summarizes harmful effects of animal experiment. However, as animal experiment is indispensable in a number of areas, it might not be stopped or replaced by other alternatives. 2. Animal experiments are needed in research to find new drugs and vaccines, and to find ways of protection from the toxicity of chemicals. 3. It is predicted by experts that the number of animals used for toxicity testing in Europe will quintuple due to a plan to have a large variety of chemical tested. 4. People are trying to find alternatives to animal testing, and they started with liver. 5. PrimeCyte and Pfizer began to find alternatives to animal testing because they were advocates of animal protection. 6. It is found that tissues from liver, lung, and immune system can all be tested independently of animals. 7. Although there is more than one alternative to animal experiment, there is still concern over how to eliminate animal testing in fundamental research. 8. In basic scientific research, the object is to understand how, say, the brain works rather than to develop a drug to______ brain disease. 9. Indeed, in some cases, scientific advances are making animal tests ___________ 10. Recently, an animal-advocacy group casts doubt on the scientists' claim that apes are used only for __________ Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. What is suburbanization? If by "suburb" is meant an urban (47) that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the (48) of the industrial city in the second quarter of the 19th century. Before that period the c i t y w a s a s m a l l h i g h l y ( 4 9 ) c l u s t e r i n w h i c h p e o p l e m o v e a b o u t o n f o o t a n d g o o d s w e r e ( 5 0 ) b y h o r s e a n d c a r t . B u t t h e e a r l y f a c t o r i e s b u i l t i n t h e 1 8 3 0 s a n d 1 8 4 0 s w e r e ( 5 1 ) a l o n g w a t e r w a y s a n d n e a r r a i l h e a d s a t t h e e d g e s o f c i t i e s , a n d h o u s i n g w a s n e e d e d f o r t h e t h o u s a n d s o f p e o p l e d r a w n b y t h e p r o s p e c t o f e m p l o y m e n t . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 0 9 " > 0 0 I n t i m e , t h e f a c t o r i e s w e r e ( 5 2 ) b y p r o l i f e r a t i n g m i l l t o w n s o f a p a r t m e n t s a n d r o w h o u s e s t h a t a b u t t e d t h e o l d e r , m a i n c i t i e s . A s a d e f e n s e ( 5 3 ) t h i s e n c r o a c h m e n t a n d t o e n l a r g e t h e i r t a x b a s e , t h e c i t i e s a p p r o p r i a t e d t h e i r i n d u s t r i a l n e i g h b o r s . I n 1 8 5 4 , f o r e x a m p l e , t h e c i t y o f P h i l a d e l p h i a ( 5 4 ) m o s t o f P h i l a d e l p h i a C o u n t y . S i m i l a r t h i n g s ( 5 5 ) p l a c e i n C h i c a g o a n d i n N e w Y o r k . I n d e e d , m o s t g r e a t c i t i e s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s ( 5 6 ) s u c h s t a t u s o n l y b y a n n e x i n g t h e c o m m u n i t i e s a l o n g t h e i r b o r d e r s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 0 " > 0 0 A ) l o c a t e d / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 1 " > 0 0 B ) m a r gi n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 2 " > 0 0 C ) c o n v e y e d / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 3 " > 0 0 D ) c o m p a c t / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 14 " > 0 0 E ) c e n t e r / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 15 " > 0 0 F ) e m e r g e n c e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 16 " > 0 0 G ) s p a c i o u s / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 17 " > 0 0 H ) s u r r o u n d e d / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 18 " > 0 0 I ) a b a n d o n e d / p > p b d s f i d = " 11 9 " > 0 0 J ) p l u m m e t / p > p b d s f i d = " 12 0 " > 0 0 K ) a c h i e v e d / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 1 " > 0 0 L ) t o o k / p > p bd s f i d = " 1 2 2 " > 0 0 M ) a g a i n s t / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 3 " > 0 0 N ) f o r / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 4 " > 0 0 O ) i n c o r p o r a te d / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 2 5 " > 0 0 S e c t i o n B / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 6 " > 0 0 D i r e c t i o n s : T h e r e a r e 2 p a s s ag e s i n thi s s e c t i o n . E a c h p a s s a g e i s f o l l o w e d b y s o m e q u e s t i o n s o r u n f i n i s h e d s t a t e m e n t s . F o r e a c h o f t h e m t h e r e a r e f o u r c h o i c e s m a r k e d [ A ] 0 [ B ] 0 [ C ] a n d [ D ] . Y o u s h o u l d d e c i d e o n t h e b e s t c h o i c e a n d m a r k t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g l e t t e r o n A n s w e r S h e e t 2 w i t h a s i n g l e l i n e t h r o u g h t h e c e n t r e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 7 " > 0 0 P a s s a g e O n e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 8 " > 0 0 A s y o u m a k e y o u r w a y t h r o u g h t h e c r o w d e d s t a l l s o f B e ij i n g ' s f o o d m a rk e t s n o w a d a y s , y o u m a y s o m e t i m e s b e c o n f u s e d a s t o j u s t w h a t y o u s h o ul d b e l o o k i n g f o r . T h e r e i s a p r o f u s i o n o f f r e s h v e g e t a b l e s l a i d o u t f o r s a l e , s om u c h c e l e r y , s o m an y D u t c h b e a n s , to m a t o e s , e v e n b r o c c o l i a n dp a r s l e y . H o w d i f f e r e n t t h i n g s w e r e o n l y a s c a n t 1 5 y e a r s a g o . A t t h a t t i m e t h e r e w a s n o v a r i e t y i n t h e s e l e c t i o n o f v e g e t a b l e s . T o d a y , w i t h b r e a d , j a m , m i l k a n d e g g s a v a i l a b l e f o r b r e a k f a s t i n s t e a d o f p o r r i d g e , d e e p - f r i e d d o u g h s t r i p s a n d p i c k l e s , m o r e a n d m o r e p e o p l e c a n a f f o r d th e i n d u l g e n c e o f e a t i n g w h a t e v e r t h e y w a n t . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 9 " > 0 0 I t i s a l l t h e r a g e f o r f a s hi o n a b l e t e e n a g e r s t o g o t o a W e s t e r n r e s t a u r a n t f o r s p a g h e t t i , a h a m b u r g e r , f i l e d c h i c k e n , p i z z a o r a s a n d w i c h . O l d e r f o l k s i n C h i n a h a v e n o t q u i t e c a u g h t o n t o t h e s e t r e n d s , a s t h e i r y o u n g e r c o u n t e r p a r t s h a v e , a n d t e n d t o b e m o r e p r a c t i c a l , f o c u s i n g t h e i r a t t e n t i o n o n s i m p l e b u t s e n s i b l e f o o d . T h e p u r p o s e o f e a t i n g i s n o t s i m p l y t o f i l l o n e ' s s t o m a c h , t h e y m a s o n , b u t a l s o t o m a i n t a i n o n e ' s m i n d a n d b o d y . P r o d u c t s l i k e l o w - f a t f o o d s , v e g e t a b l e s , b e a n p r o d u c t s a n d " b l a c k f o o d " ( f o o d s d a r k i n c o l o r , b e l i e v e d t o b e h i g h l y n u t r i t i o u s ) h a v e a l l w o n o v e r m a n y o l d e r c o n s u m e r s w h o w o u l d p r o b a b l y b l a n c h a t t h e t h o u g h t o f a M c D o n a l d ' s H a p p y M e a l f o r l u n c h . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 0 " > 0 0 I t i s a n o l d C h i n e s e t r a d i t i o n t o a t t a c h g r e a t i m p o r t a n c e a n d c e r e m o n y t o t h e a r t o f d i n i n g . W h e n f r i e n d s c o m e f o r d i n n e r , t h e y a r e o f t e n t r e a t e d t o a s u m p t u o u s b a n q u e t , w h i c h r e s u l t s i n a l o t o f w a s t e d f o o d . Y o u n g p e o p l e n o w a d a y s p a y m o r e a t t e n t i o n t o q u a l i t y t h a n q u a n t i t y , t h o u g h , a n d i n n o v a t i v e c o n t r a p t i o n s l i k e c h a f i n g d i s h e s a r e s t a r t i n g t o a p p e a r o n C h i n e s e t a b l e s i n s t e a d o f t h e o l d " e i g h t c o u r s e s ( u s u a l l y f o u r m e a t d i s h e s a n d f o u r v e g e t a b l e d i s h e s ) a n d o n e s o u p " a l l o w i n g d i n e r s t o c h a t w h i l e t h e y e a t . S o m e c o m p a n i e s a r e n o w b e g i n n i n g t o t r e a t g u e s t s t o b u f f e t s i n s t e a d o f t h e t r a d i t i o n a l b i g b a n q u e t , w h i c h h e l p s i n t u r n t o c u t c o s t s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 1 " > 0 0 C h i n a i s w e l l - k n o w n f o r i t s f o o d , a n d t h a t i s s a y i n g a l o t . T h e f a m o u s " e i g h t c u i s i n e s " o f C h i n e s e k i t c h e n s h a v e w o n a c c o l a d e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s a s f a r a f i e l d a s C a p e t o w n a n d S a l t L a k e C i t y . B u t p r e p a r i n g C h i n e s e d i s h e s i s n o e a s y j o b , a n d i t t a k e s o n e o r t w o h o u r s t o s e r v e u p o n e d i s h w i t h t h e r i g h t f l a v o r , c o l o r , t a s t e a n d s h a p e t o s a t i s f y d e m a n d i n g C h i n e s e p a l a t e s . P e o p l e o f t h e 1 9 9 0 ' s j u s t d o n ' t h a v e t h e t i m e a n y m o r e . A f f l u e n c e b r i n g s m o r e f a s t f o o d a n d i n s t a n t m e a l s i n a b o x ,e s p e c i a l l yf r o z e n f o o d , a n d t h e i n t r o d u c t i o n o f e l e c t r i c s t e a m e r s , m i c r o w a v e o v e n s a n d e l e c t r i c r a ng e s g i v e s m a n y p e o p l e a n e x c u s e t o s p e n d f e w e r a n d f e w e rh o u r si n t h e k i t c h e n p r e p a r i n g a d e c e n t m e a l . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 2 " > 0 0 5 7 . W h a t d i d C h i n e s e p e o p l e u s u a l l y h a v e f o r b r e a k f a s t 1 5 y e a r s a g o ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 3 " > 0 0 [ A ] B e a n s , t o m a t o e s , b r o c c o l i a n d p a r s l e y . [ B ] B r e a d ,j a m , m i lk a n d e g g s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 4 " > 0 0 [ C ] P o r r i d g e , d e e p - f il e d d o u g h s t r i p s a n d p i c k l e s . [ D ] B r e a d ,m i l k , p o r r i d g e an d p i c k l e s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 5 " > 0 0 5 8 . A c co r d i n g t o t h e C h i n e s e t r a d i t i o n , d i n i n g i s n o t o n l y a w a y t o f i l l o n e ' s s t o m a c h b u t a l s o a /p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 6 " > 0 0 [ A ] r e v o l u t i o n [ B ] t r e n d [ C ] c e r e m o n y [ D ] w a s t e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 7 " > 0 0 5 9 . W h i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g i s N O T o n e o f t h e r e a s o n s t h a t C h i n e s e p e o p l e a r e s p e n d i n g l e s s t i m e i n t h e k i t c h e n n o w t h a n i n t h e p a s t ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 8 " > 0 0 [ A ] T h e y a r e m u c h b u s i e r t h a n b e f o r e . [ B ] T h e y c a r e l e s s a b o u t e a t i n g t h a n b e f o r e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 9 " > 0 0 [ C ] M o r e f a s t f o o d a n d i n s t a n t m e a l s a r e a v a i l a b l e t h a n b e f o r e . [ D ] M o r e m o d e m e l e c t r i c a p p l i a n c e s a r e a v a i l a b l e t h a n b e f o r e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 0 " > 0 0 6 0 . W h i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t s i s T R U E a c c o r d i n g t o t h e p a s s a g e ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 1 " > 0 0 [ A ] A l a r g e v a r i e t y o f f o o d s a r e a v a i l a b l e i n t h e C h i n e s e m a r k e t n o w . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 2 " > 0 0 [ B ] C h i n e s e p e o p l e l i k e t o g o t o W e s t e r n r e s t a u r a n t s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 3 " > 0 0 [ C ] T r a d i t i o n a l C h i n e s e p e o p l e p a y m o r e a t t e n t i o n t oq u a n t i t y t h a n t o q u a l i t y . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 4 " > 0 0 [ D ] A tr a d i t i o n a l C h i n es e d i s ht h a t p r e s e n t s t h e r i g h t t a s t e , f l a v o r , a n d c o l o r i s r e g a r d e d a s a n e x c e l l e n t d i s h . 0 1 . B 2 . A 3 . A 4 . A 5 . C 6 . A 7 . A / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 5 " > 0 0 8 . t r e a t / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 6 " > 0 0 9 . m o r e v a lu a b l e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 7 " > 00 1 0 . w o r k o f v i t a l i m p o r t a n c e t o h u m a n i t y / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 8 " > 0 0 P a r t I V R e a d i n g C o m p r e he n s i o n ( R e a d i n g i n D e p t h ) / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 4 9 " > 0 0 S e c t i o n A / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 0 " > 0 0 4 7 . B 48 . F 4 9 . D 5 0 . C 5 1 . A 5 2 . H 5 3 . M 5 4 . O 5 5 . L 5 6 . K / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 1 " > 0 0 S e c t i o n B / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 2 " > 0 0 5 7 . C 5 8 . C 5 9 . B 6 0 . A 0 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 3 " > 0 0 6 1 . W h a t i s t h e a u t h o r ' s a t t i t u d e t o w a r d C h i n a ' s g a s t r o n o m i c r e v o l u t i o n ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 4 " > 0 0 [ A ] I n f a v o r o f . [ B ] I n d i f f e r e n t . [ C ] A g a i n s t . [ D ] H o l d s a b a l a n c e d v i e w . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 5 " > 0 0 P a s s a g e T w o / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 6 " > 0 0 T h e L a n g u a g e L e a r n i n g T h e o r y c o u r s e i s a n o p t i o n d u r i n g t h e t h i r d s e m e s t e r o f y o u r p r o g r a m . I t i s a n i n t r o d u c t i o n t o a s p e c t s o f P s y c h o l i n g u i s t i c s a n d S e c o n d L a n g u a g e A c q u i s i t i o n R e s e a r c h . T h e c o u r s e w i l l d e a l s p e c i f i c a l l y w i t h t h o s e a s p e c t s o f r e c e n t r e s e a r c h t h a t a r e r e l e v a n t t o t h e c o m p r e h e n s i o n a n d p r o d u c t i o n o f s p o k e n l a n g u a g e . M o s t o f t h e c o u r s e w i l l , i n o t h e r w o r d s , b e s p e n t c o n s i d e r i n g t h e p r o c e s s e s i n v o l v e d i n u n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d p r o d u c i n g s p o k e n l a n g u a g e . A t e a c h s t a g e , w e s h a l l b e r e l a t i n g t h e i m p l i c a t i o n s o f r e c e n t r e s e a r c h a n d t h e o r i e s t o t h e p r a c t i c e o f f o r e i g n l a n g u a g e t e a c h i n g . T h e c o u r s e a i m s t o p r o v i d e r e l e v a n t b a c k g r o u n d f o r a l l l a n g u a g e t e a c h e r s w h o a r e i n t e r e s t e d i n W H Y a n d H O W c u r r e n t t e a c h i n g a p p r o a c h e s h a v e b e e n d e v e l o p e d . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 7 " > 0 0 T h e c o u r s e w i l l b e h e l d d u r i n g t h e f i r s t t e n w e e k s o f t h i s s e m e s t e r f r o m 8 : 3 0 t o 1 0 : 3 0 o n T u e s d a y m o r n i n g s . A h a n d o u t g i v i n g a n o u t l i n e o f t h e t o p i c s o f e a c h o f t h e t e n s e s s i o n s i s a v a i l a b l e f o r t h o s e w h o w i s h t o c o n s i d e r t h e c o u r s e i n m o r e d e t a i l . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 8 " > 0 0 T h e c o u r s e w i l l b e p r i n c i p a l l y c o n d u c t e d t h r o u g h l e c t u r e a n d s e m i n a r . L e a r n e r s w i l l , a t t i m e s , b e a s k e d t o t a k e p a r t i n s m a l l l a n g u a g e e x p e r i m e n t s . H a n d o u t s a n d w o r k s h e e t s w i l l b e d i s t r i b u t e d e a c h w e e k . P r e p a r a t o r y r e a d i n g a n d f o l l o w - u p r e a d i n g w i l l b e r e q u i r e d f o r e a c h s e s s i o n . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 9 " > 0 0 L e a r n e r s ' p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n c l a s s a c t i v i t i e s w i l l b e t a k e n i n t o c o n s i d e r a t i o n . A t t e n d a n c e a t c l a s s e s i s e s s e n t i a l . T h e r e w i l l b e f o u r s h o r t , a s s e s s e d a s s i g n m e n t s d u r i n g t h e c o u r s e . P a r t i c i p a t i o n i n c l a s s e s w i l l a c c o u n t f o r 1 0 % o f t h e f i n a l m a r k . A s s i g n m e n t s w i l l a c c o u n t f o r 6 0 % . T h e r e m a i n i n g 3 0 % i s f o r t h e f i n a l t e s t w h i c h w i l l b e h e l d o n e w e e k a f t e r t h e e n d o f t h e c o u r s e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 0 " > 0 0 Y o u m a y c o l l e c t t h e h a n d o u t ( c o v e r i n g t h e i n f o r m a t i o n I h a v e g i v e n y o u t o d a y ) f r o m m e a t t h e e n d o f t h i s s e s s i o n . I f y o u n e e d f u r t h e r d e t a i l s , y o u a r e w e l c o m e t o a s k m e p e r s o n a l l y o r s e e t h e s e c r e t a r y i n R o o m 5 1 3 . T h e c o u r s e c o d e i s L L T 9 6 . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 1 " > 0 0 6 2 . S t u d e n t s w h o a r e i n t e r e s t e d i n _ _ _ _ _ _ a r e m o s t U N L I K E L Y t o t a k e t h i s c o u r s e ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 2 " > 0 0 [ A ] L i n g u i s t i c s ( l a n g u a g e s t u d i e s ) . [ B ] L a n g u a g e t e a c h i n g . [ C ] I m p r o v i n g o r a l s k i l l s . [ D ] P s y c h o l o g y . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 3 " > 0 0 6 3 .A c c o r d i n g t o t h e p a s s a g e , w h e n w i l l t h e f i n a l t e s t o f t h e c o u r s e b e g i v e n ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 4 " > 0 0 [ A ] T h e 1 1 t h w e e k . [B ] T h e 1 0 t h w e e k . [C ] T h e 9 t h w e e k . [D ] T h e 1 8 t h w e e k . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 5 " > 0 0 6 4 . I f a s t u d e n t n e v e r s k i p s a c l a s s a n d g e t s a n o v e r a l l m a r k o f 8 0 ( o u t o f 1 0 0 ) f o r a s s i g n m e n t s , w h a t i s t h e m i n i m u m m a r k t h a t t h e s t u d e n t m u s t o b t a i n i n t h e f i n a l e x a m i n o r d e r t o g e t 8 5 ( o u t o f 1 0 0 ) a s t h e f i n a l m a r k o f t h e c o u r s e ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 6 " > 0 0 [ A ] 8 0 . [ B ] 8 5 . [ C ] 9 0 . [ D ] 9 5 . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 7 " > 0 0 6 5 . W h i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g i s F A L SE a c c o r d i n g t o t h e p a s s a g e ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 8 " > 0 0 [ A ] L a n g u a g e t e a c h i n g t h e o r y i s a c o m p u l s o r y c o u r s e . [ B ] E a c h s e s s i o n o f t h i s c o u r s e w i l l l a s t 2 h o u r s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 9 " > 0 0 [ C ] R e a d i n g w i l l b e r e q u i r e d b o t h b e f o r e a n d a f t e r e a c h s e s s i o n o f t h i s c o u r s e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 0 " > 0 0 [ D ] S t u d e n t s i n t e r e s t e d i n m o r e d e t a i l s a b o u t t h i s c o u r s e m a y s e e t h e s p e a k e r i n p e r s o n . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 1 " > 0 0 6 6 . T h i s p a s s a g e i s t h e t r a n s c r i p t o f a s p e e c h m o s t p r o b a b l y g i v e n b y _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 2 " > 0 0 [ A ] a t e a c h i n g s e c r e t a r y [ B ] a t e a c h e r [ C ] a s c h o o l d i r e c t o r [ D ] a s t u d e n t / p > /。

2016年大学英语四级模拟试题及答案

2016年大学英语四级模拟试题及答案Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Some radio singals were heard in 1967.They were coming from a point in the sky where there was unknown star.They were coming very regularly,too:about once a seco nd,if they were controlled by clock.The scientists who heard the signals did not tell anybody else.They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people.The signals were coming from a very small body—no bigger,perhaps than the earth.Was that why no light could be seen from it?Or were the signals coming from a planet that belonged to some other star?There was no end to the questions,but the scientists kept the news secret.“Perhaps there are intelligent beings out there.”they thought,“who are trying to send messages to other planets,or to us?So the news was not given to the newspaper.Instead,the scientists studied the signals and searched for others like them...Well,all that happened in 1967 and 1968.Since then scientists have learnt more about those strange,regular,radio signals.And they have told the story,of course.The signals do not come from a planet;they come from a new kind of star called a “pulsar””.About a hundred other pulsars have now been found,and most of them are very like the first one.Pulsars are strong radio stars.They are the smallest but the heaviest stars we know at present.A handful of pulsar would weigh a few thousand tons.Their light—if they give much light—is too small for us to see.But we can be sure of this,no intelligent beings are living on them.21. The radio signals discussed in this passage____.A.were regularB.were controlled by a clockC.were heard in 1967 onlyD.were secret messages22. The radio singals were sent by____.A.a satelliteB.a planetC.a sky body which was unknown at that timeD.intelligent beings who were unknown at that time23. The scientists did not tell people about the signals because____.A.the singals stood for secret messagesB.people would ask them too many questionsC.they did not want to frighten peopleD.they stood for unimportant messages24. A pulsar is____.A. a small heavy star which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenB. a small heavy planet which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenC. a small heavy satellite which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenD. a small intelligent being who sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seen 25. Which of the following is true?A.One of the pulsars found by scientists sends radio signals.B.Pulsar began to send radio singals in 1967.C.Scientists have searched for pulsars for many years but found none.D.Scientists have found many pulsars since 1967.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Over vast areas of every continent,the rainfall and vegetation necessary for life are disappearing.Already more than 40 percent of the earth's land is desert ordesert like.About 628 million people—one out of seven—live in these dry regions.In the past,they have managed to survive,but with difficulty.[ZZ(Z]Now largely through problems caused by modern life,their existence is threatened by the slow,steady spread of the earth's deserts.Scientists still do not understand all the complex problems of the desert,but there have been many ideas for saving the land.Sandi Arabia has planted 10 milliontrees to help keep the sand from taking over fertile areas.The Israelis are again using some of the water collection systems left by the ancient people in theNegev desert.They plan to water their orchards with the extra water.Some Sahel farmers still raise cattle on their poor farm land,but before the cattle are sold, they are taken to greener lands in the south to get fat.26. What is the article mainly concerned?A.The problem of spreading desert.B.The rainfall and vegetation in desert areas.C.The water collection systems.D.The difference between modern life and ancient life.27. “one out of seven” refers to____.A.more than a third of the lands' earthB.the percentage of the earth's land that is desert-likeC.the number of people who live in dry regionsD.a day of a week28. In paragraph 2,“they are taken to the greener lands in the south.”Theyrefers to____.A.the Sahel farm landB.the farmersC.the cattlesD.the trees29. How many ideas for saving the land are described?A.Five.B.Two.C.Four.D.Three.30. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?A.The earth's desert are slowly spreading.B.One out of 10 people lives in dry regions.C.Their life in the desert is threatened now by traditional problems.D.New water wells can solve the problem in Africa's desert.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Telephone, television, radio, and telegraph all help people communicate witheach other. Because of these devices, ideas and news of events spread quickly allover the world. For example, within seconds, people can know the results of anelection in another country. An international football match comes into the homesof everyone with a television set.News of a disaster such as an earthquake or aflood can bring help from distant countries within hours, help is on the way. Because of modern technology like the satellites that travel around the world, information travels fast.How has this speed of communication changed the world? To many people,the world has become smaller. Of course this does not mean that the world is actually physically smaller. It means that the world seems smaller. Two hundred years ago,communication between the continents took a long time. All news was carried on ships that took weeks or even months to cross the ocean. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries,it took six weeks for news from Europe to reach America.This time difference influenced people's actions. For example, one battle, or fight, in the War of 1812 between England and the United States could have been avoided. A peace agreement had already been signed. Peace was made in England, but the news of peace took six weeks to reach America. During these six weeks, the large and serious Battle of New Orleans was fought. Many people lost their lives after a peace treaty had been signed.They would not have died if news had come in time.In the past,communication took much time than it does now.There was a good reason why the world seemed so much larger than it does today.31. News spreads fast because of____.A.modern transportationB.new technologyC.the change of the worldD.a peace agreement32. According to this passage,____is very important to people in a disaster area.A.fast communicationB.modern technologytest newsD.new ideas33. Which of the following statements is true?A.The world now seems smaller because of faster communication.B.The world is actually smaller today.C.The world is changing its size.D. The distance between England and America has changed since the War of 181234. Two hundred years ago,news between the continents was carried____.A.by telephone and telegraphB.by landC.by airD.by sea35. The New Orleans Battle could have been avoided if the peace agreement had been signed____.A.by both sidesB.in timeC.in AmericaD.in EnglandQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one.An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge.We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.[ZZ)]The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health.If we so desire,we can smoke,drink excessively, refuse to wear seatbelts,eat whatever foods we want,and live a completely sedentary life-style without any excuse.The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society,although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned.Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty.As one example,a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do. A multitude of factors,both inherited and environmental,influence the development of health related behaviors,and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any givenindividual.However,the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choices.There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices.In discussing the moral of personal choice,Fries and Crapo drew a comparison.[ZZ(Z]They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide.[ZZ)]Thus,for those individualswho are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life,personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.。

2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(5)

大学英语四六级考试/模拟试题2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(5)Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Overseas Study at an Early Age. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:1. 目前很多父母在子女高中毕业前就送他们出国学习2. 形成这种趋势的原因3. 我对些的看法Oversea Study at an Early AgePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet1.The Sky's LimitAir travel is a rapidly growing source of greenhouse gases. But it is also an indispensable way of travel. The new A380 The double-decker A380, the biggest airliner the world has seen, landed at Heathrow last month to test whether London's main airport could handle the new 550-seater, due to enter commercial service at the end of this year.It was a proud moment for Britain's Rolls-Royce, the makers of the aircraft's Trent 900 engines. Rolls-Royce says the four Trents on the A380 are as clean and efficient as any jet engine, and produce "as much power as 3,500 family cars". A simple calculation shows that the equivalent of more than six cars is needed to fly each passenger.Take the calculation further: flying a fully laden A380 is, in terms of energy, like a 14km (nine-mile) queue of traffic on the road below. And that is just one aircraft. In 20 years, Airbus reckons, 1,500 such planes will be in the air. By then, the total number of airliners is expected tohave doubled, to 22,000. The huge airplane alone would be pumping out carbon dioxide (CO2) at the same rate as 5 million cars.That may not seem much compared with the 60 million vehicles that pour off assembly lines every year—or the 1 billion vehicles already on the world's roads. But whereas cars are used roughlyfor about an hour or so a day, jet airliners are on the move for at least 10 hours a day. And they burn tax-free, highoctane (1) 高能量的) fuel, which dumps hundreds of millions of tonnes of CO2 into the most sensitive part of the atmosphere.Aviation is a relatively small source of the emissions blamed for global warming, but its share is growing the fastest. The evidence is strong. As a result, aviation is increasingly attracting the attention of environmentalists and politicians. Amid much controversy, CO2caps (限制) and carbon-trading could soon be used to help curb aircraft emissions.Frequent flyers, free ridersAirlines are accused of having a free ride in terms of air pollution because they pay no tax on the fuel they use for international flights. Even though today's aircraft are about 70% moreefficient than those of 40 years ago, concerns over emissions have grown. Despite booming demand forair travel, many airlines are losing money. Now green campaigners want people to think twice before they fly. The opposing voice is particularly loudin Europe, where low-cost carriers are expanding fast on busy shorthaul (2) 短距离) routes. The European Parliament will vote in July on a proposal to limit aircraft emissions.America is deeply unhappy at the prospect ofits airlines being affected. Sharon Pinkerton, a senior representative of the Federal Aviation Administration insisted, on a visit to Brusselslast year, that American carriers should be exempted from the scheme. This sets the scene for another transatlantic aviation dispute, to add to the two bitter and long-running disputes oversubsidies to Europe's Airbus and the liberalisation of air traffic between the two continents.The airlines are growing nervous. The big international carriers represented by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) would rather Europe waited for the deliberations of a United Nations body, the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), which has set technical, legal and safety rules for more than 50 years. International aviation was excluded from the Kyoto protocol on global warming, but only on condition that, by theend of 2007, countries and airlines worked under the umbrella of ICAO to come up with a way of reducing emissions through a trading scheme.Soon after the end of the Second World War the member governments of ICAO agreed that airlines should be free of fuel taxes. Some say this was to outlaw unilateral taxes that could distort markets, but others reckon it was done to boost thefledgling airline industry emerging from thefighting. The corollary was that aviation, unlike motor traffic and other forms of transport, would pay in a transparent manner for the infrastructure and services it required-air-traffic management, landing charges, flyover rights and so on. That was supposed to take care of the external costs. But no one in those days thought much about the environment. Counting the cost It was not until 1999 that the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) attempted to reduce the effect of aviation on the environment. Transport as a whole was judged to be responsible for about a quarter of the world's CO2 discharges. That makes it one of the biggest sources, alongside power generation and households, as a source of the gas. Within transport, aviation accounts for about 13%. Its contribution to total man-made emissions worldwide is said to be around 3%. So why all the fuss about so little? One reason is that high-altitude emissions are probably disproportionately damaging to the environment. The nitrogen oxides from jet-engine exhausts lead to the formation ofozone, another greenhouse gas. Contrails (飞行云) are also suspected of enhancing the formation of cirrus clouds, which some scientists think adds to the global warming effect. The IPCC estimated that the overall impact on global warming of aircraft could be between two and four times that of their CO2 emissions alone, though there is no scientific consensus about the size of this multiplier.Naturally, the airlines choose to measure the greenhouse gases they produce in the way that casts them in the best light — a trick they deploy on safety statistics, too. For instance, over half of aircraft accidents occur around take-off and landing. So accidents per passenger-mile compare very favourably with other means of transport. But at least one study has shown that, if accidents are measured per journey instead, aircraft are the second-most dangerous way of travelling, after motorcycles.Likewise on greenhouse gases. IATA says an aircraft's fuel consumption is about the same asthat of a family car, at 3.5 litres per 100 passenger-kilometres. So CO2 emissions are similar. But that is true only if the aircraft is full and the car's passenger seats are empty. And even then, a jumbo jet flying from London to Sydney would be like nearly 400 Volkswagen Polos each travelling just over 16,000km—the average distance a European drives in a year. In other words, although cars and aircraft discharge roughly the same amount ofCO2for each passenger-kilometre, the aircrafttravel an awful lot farther. Waiting to land Crowded airports compound the problem. Busy runways at places such as Heathrow mean aeroplanes have to circle wastefully. The possibility of being held up ensures that pilots carry extra fuel, thereby increasing the aircraft's weight and, hence, its consumption of fuel. Other small changes could further save fuel and avoid carbon emissions: aircraft could be towed everywhere on the ground by electric vehicles. Consumers, too, can take a stand by voluntarily offsetting the carbon emissionsassociated with flying by paying, for instance, to have trees planted.This week IATA said the net loss of the world's airlines in the past six years would amount to almost $44 billion. Carriers have been hit by terrorism, war, recession, the respiratory disease SAILS and soaring oil prices. There were hopes the industry could make a small profit in 2007, but having to pay for environmental costs could change that. Yet global warming is not something that airlines, or any other industry, can shake off for ever. Sooner or later, aviation will have to shoulder the burden it imposes on the planet.1. This passage is mainly about how the development of airline industry has affected the environment through its greenhouse gases emission.2. It is predicted that in 20 years, the huge airplanes alone would be pumping out carbon dioxide at the same rate as 5 million cars.3. The author compares the effect of airliners on the environment and that of the cars and concluded that the effect ofthe former is less because the number of airplanes is much smaller than that of the cars.4. In the past, aviation industry was the smallest source of greenhouse gases emission and thus did not attract people's attention.5. Many airlines are having less profit today although there are more demand for air travel.6. America is proposing an alternative plan to solve the problem of emission from airliners.7. The airlines are mom and more nervous, and they want the problem be considered by IATA, a United Nations body.8. ______as a whole was judged to be responsible for about a quarter of the world's carbon dioxide discharges.9. Although aviation accounts for only 3% of the total man-made emission, its______ are believedto be disproportionately damaging to the environment.10. During the past six years, airline industry has been hit by terrorism, war, ______which made the industry suffer a total loss of $44 billion.1. A2. A3. B4. C5. A6. C7. A8. Transport9. high-altitude emissions 10.recession2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(5).doc [全文共4925字] 编号：7686822。

2016年12月英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案（二）

Part I Reading Comprehension (共20⼩题，每⼩题2分，共40分) Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: In Washington D.C., 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue is a very special address. It is the address of the White House, the home of the president of the United States. Originally the White House was gray and was called the Presidential Palace. It was built from 1792 to 1800. at this time, the city of Washington itself was being built; it was to be the nation’s new capital city. George Washington, the first president, and Pierre Charles L’Enfant, a French engineer, chose the place for the new city. L’Enfant then planned they city. The president’s home was an important part of the plan. A contest was held to pick a design for the president’s home. An architect named James Hoban won. He designed a large three-story house of gray stone. President Washington never lived in the President Palace. The first president to live there was John Adams, the second president of the United States, and his wife Mrs. Adams did not really like hew new house. In her letters, she often complained about the cold. Fifty fireplaces were not enough to keep the house warm! In 1812 the United States and Britain went to war. In 1814 the British invaded Washington. Theu burned many buildings, including the Presidential Palace. After the war James Hoban, the original architect, partially rebuilt the president’s homes. To cover the marks of the fire, the building was painted white. Before long it became known as the White House. The White House is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the United States. Every year more than 1.5 million visitors go through the five rooms that are open to the public. 1. The White House was built in Washington . A. because a French engineer was invited to design it B. because President George Washington liked to live in it C. because the British invaders lived in it in 1812-1814 D. because it was to be the nation’s capital city 2. The Presidential Palace was .A. painted gray and whiteB. made of gray stoneC. made of white stoneD. made very warm in winter 3. The president’s home and the city of Washington were .A. built by the American armyB. built by the British troopsC. planned by George WashingtonD. planned by the French 4. The original home of the president needed to be rebuilt . A. because John Adam’s wife did not like it B. because it was cold in winter even with 50 fireplaces C. because it had burned down during the war D. because George Washington was not willing to live in it 5. The new presidential home was painted white to .A. cover the marks of fireB. attract tourist from FranceC. to please Mrs. John AdamsD. keep it warm in winter。

2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(17)

大学英语四六级考试/模拟试题2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(17)Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B) ,C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Increasingly, over the past ten years, people—especially young people—have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed foods, is not good for health. Consequently,there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which donot contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today.Natural foods, for example, are vegetables,fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter.In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickenslive crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless asfood; but also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a nonessential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if this necessary, we canin fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be additive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet allit does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and nofiber.It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example ,the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting tonote that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on “healthy eating”.21.Which statement best expresses the main idea of this article?A) People should eat any food to keep themselves healthy and strong.B) People should eat natural foods to keep themselves healthy and strong.C) People should eat fiber foods to keep themselves healthy and strong.D) People should eat vegetables to keep themselves healthy and strong.22.“Particularly processed foods” means____.A) foods which are particularly processed by adding chemical additivesB) foods which are particularly made by commercial farmsC) foods which are specially produced by commercial factoriesD) foods which are not specially made by adding anything23.Natural foods means ____.A) foods good for healthB) foods not good for healthC) foods such as vegetables, fruit and grain from rich organic matters soilD) crops from rich organic matters soil and meats of animals from healthy pastures24.There are no vitamins, no minerals and no fibers in ____.A) natural foods C) sugarB) animal meats D) fruit25.“Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories.” It means ____.A) processed food provides us with energyB) natural food furnishes us with vitamins and mineralsC) sugar gives us enough energy in the form of caloriesD) fiber helps us to digest foodQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth.Its radio begins to transmit an astonishing amount of information about the satellite's orbital path, the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kindsraces back to the earth.No human being could possibly copy down all these facts, much less remember and organize them. But an electronic computer can.The marvel of the machine age, the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations—add,subtract, multiply and divide—with lighting speed and perfect accuracy. Some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.Once it is given a “program”— that is, a carefully worked out set of instructions devised by a technician trained in computer language — a computer cagather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depth of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories, keeps track of sales trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. Ifyou are planning a trip by plane, the computer will find out what to take and what space is available.Not only can the computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can pour them out whenever they are needed. The computer is really a high powered“memory”machine that “has all the answers”—or almost all.Besides gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicated problems that once took months for people to do.At times computers seem almost human. They can “read” hand printed letters, play chess, compose music, write plays and even design other computers. Is it any wonder that they are sometimes called “thinking” machines?Even though they are taking over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our own brains, computers are not replacing us at least not yet. Our brain has more than 10 million cells. A computer has only a few hundred thousand parts.For some time to come, then, we can safely say that our brains are at least 10,000 times more complex than a computer.How we use them is for us, not the computer, to decide.26.In the first paragraph, the author thinks an electronic computer can ____.A) copy down all the factsB) remember all the factsC) organize the facts and everythingD) copy down, remember and organize all the facts27.“Program” means ____.A) a plan of what is to be doneB) a complete show on a TV station at afixed time tableC) a scheduled performanceD) series of coded instructions to control the operations of a computer28.The computer is a high powered “memory”machine, which ____.A) has all the ready answers — or almostall to any questionsB) can remember everythingC) can store everything and work for youD) has all the answers — or almost to all the information that has been stored29. “Thinking” machines suggest that ____.A) they can “read” hand printed letters etcB) they really can think and do many other jobsC) they even design other computersD) they can't think, but can do something under human control30.Can computers do whatever they want to do?Why?A) Yes, because some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.B) No, because they normally have a few hundred thousand parts.C) No, because human brains are at least 10000 times more complex than any computers.D) No, because how a computer works is decided by human.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:No one expressed this attitude more strongly than Noah Webster (17581843).Born near Nartford, Connecticut, he received his education at Yale College and later began to practise law. But business in this profession was slow, and he was forced to turn to teaching. As a teacher, he soon discovered that the English school books then in use were unsatisfactory, and the American Revolution reduced the supply of suchbooks as there were. Webster therefore began to work on three simple books on English, a spelling book, a grammar, and a reader, and these were the first books of their kind to be published in this country. The success of the first part was surprisingly great. It was soon issued again under the title THE AMERICAN SPELLING BOOK, and in this form about 80 million copies were sold during the next hundred years. From a profit of less than one cent a copy, Webster got most of his income for the rest of his life. Not only did the little book have great influence on many generations of school children, but it also had the effect or turning its author's attention to questions of language. In 1806 he produced a small dictionary,and this was followed by his greatest work, AN AMERICAN DICTIONARY OFTHE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, published in two volumes in1828. In both of these works and in many smaller writings he had one purpose: to show that the Englsih language in his country was a truly American thing, developing in its own special wayand deserving to be considered from an independent, American point of view. As he himself wrote,“ It is not only important, but in a degree necessary, that the people of this country should have an AMERICAN DICTIONARY of the English language; for, although the body of the language is the same as in England…some differences exist…. No person inthis country will be satisfied with the English definitions of the words congress, senate, assembly, court, and so forth, for although these are words used in England, yet they are applied in this country to express ideas which they do not express in that country.” By giving American meanings and American pronunciation, by adopting a number of American spellings, and especially by introducing quotations from American authors beside those from English literature, he was able, to a great extent, to justify the title of his work. If, after a hundred years, some people still doubt the existence of a separate American language, his efforts, nevertheless, have left a lasting mark on the language of his country.31.Webster first tried to earn his living in the field of ____.A) education C) lawB) journalism D) medicine32.Webster earned most of his money from the sale of his ____.A) dictionary of 1828 C) grammarB) spelling book D) reader33.Apparently Webster published his first books while he was a____.A) teacher C) lawyerB) student D) doctor34.This article could be entitled ____.A) Noah Webster and American English SpellingB) Noah Webster, the author of An American Dictionary of the English LanguageC) Noah WebsterD) Noah Webster and American English Grammar35.According to the article, Webster ____.A) had created American English and its usagesB) had discovered American English and improved itC) had tried his best and left a milestone on the language of his countryD) had left a language which was not used in England.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Once upon a time, the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around. Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over. Plenty of space for parks and factories. Plenty of forests to cut and grasslands to plow.But that was once upon a time. The days of unused land are over.Now the land has been spoken for, fenced off, carved up into cities and farms and industrial parks, put to use.At the same time, the population keeps growing. People need places to work and places to play. So we need more sites for more industries, more beaches for more sunbathers, and more clean rivers for more fishers. And it isn't just a matter of population growth. Our modern technology has needs that must be met, too. We need more coal for energy, and we need more power plants; cars must have highways and parking lots, and jets must have airports.Each of these land uses swallows up precious space.Highways and expressways alone take some 200,000 acres each year. And urban sprawl — the spreading out of cities — is expected to gobble up vast areas of land by the year 2,000. But there is only so much land to go around. It is always hard to decide. Take, for example, a forest. Aforest can be a timber supply. It can provide a home for wildlife. It is scenery and a recreation area for man. It is soil and watershed protection.36.“…the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around ”means that ____.A) the United States seemed to have vast land for its people to walk aroundB) the United States seemed to have enough land for sharing with everyoneC) the United States could provide whatever its inhabitents' needsD) the United States was not able to allow its people to do what they wanted to37.The sentence of “Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over” suggests that ____.A) the United States had a lot of rivers to dam and many rural valleys, tooB) the rivers could be damed laterC) rural valleys would be considered in the futureD) people needn't think of the rivers and valleys38.“Now the land has been spoken for, …”tells us that ____.A) today, land has shown its valuesB) now, people have said something about landC) nowadays, land has been claimed by human beingsD) recently, people spoke for the land39.The phrase of “swallows up” informed us that ____.A) these usages of land have good resultsB) these lands must be used totallyC) the precious space was taken completelyD) the precious space were eaten up40.The word “sprawl” indicates that ____.A) cities are developing very fast to meet the people's demandsB) urban areas are diminishing smoothlyC) urban areas are enlarging steadily in a planned wayD) cities are spreading out without any plans 答案Part Ⅱ1短文大意人们越来越多地意识到需要改变饮食习惯，而对天然的食物表现出更多的兴趣，因为天然食物不含化学添加剂，没有被化肥污染。

下半年大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案

下半年大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案2016下半年大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案2016年下半年英语四级考试很快就要到了，为了帮助大家更好地备考四级考试，下面是yjbys网店铺提供给大家关于大学英语四级模拟试卷及答案，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。

Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.题目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice__36___away,However , we have already reached temperatures that are in __37__with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are __38__to a predicted worldwide in increase in temperatures__39__betweem 1℃ and 6℃ over the next 100 years. The warming will be more__40__in some areas, less in other, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the __41__of this warming will be very different depending on where you are-coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable(宜居的)and __42__for humans than these areas are now.The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on __43__, everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. Some scientists___44__that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random(无规律的)variation-some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years__45___--but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.A) appealing I) meltedB) average J) persistC) contributing K) rangingD) dramatic L) recentlyE) frequently M) resolvedF) impact N) sensibleG) line O) shockH) maintainSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The End of the Book?[A] Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in the country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.[B] Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.[C] Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, “romance fiction,” etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for “serious” nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.[D] As for children’s books, who knows? Children’s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market (and the marketing) is inherently strange.[E] For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.[F] One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.[G] But while printing quickly caused the hand written book to die out, handwriting lingered on (继续存在) well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced onvellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.[H]Sometimes a new technology doesn’t drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.[I] Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.[J] Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows (“Jack Benny,” “Amos and Andy,” “The Shadow”) all migrated to television. But because you can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio’s prime, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.[K] Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry (骑兵) replaced the chariot (二轮战车) on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized “an officer and a gentleman.”[L] Sometimes new technology is a little cranky (不稳定的) at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed.But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough (and engines small enough) to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. (The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.)[M] Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper-and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of the fire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food (which is much easier to cat and digest). Human control of fire goes back far enough (over a million years) that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.[N] Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile(触觉的)pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter’s night.[O] For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, theyinduce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful back-up for when the lights go out.46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.。

下半年大学英语四级仿真模拟试题

下半年大学英语四级仿真模拟试题2016年下半年大学英语四级仿真模拟试题2016年12月英语四六级考试将在12月17日开考，为了帮助广大同学更好地备考四级考试，下面是yjbys网店铺提供给大家关于大学英语四级仿真模拟试题，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。

Part ⅤWriting (30 minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to writea composition on the topic:Sounds in three paragraphs You havebeen given the firstsentence of each paragraph.You should write at least 120 words.?Sounds?1)The world is filled with many sounds_________?2)Some sounds are useful_____________3)But some sounds are harmful_______________Part Ⅴ WritingSounds?The world is filled with many sounds.Everyday we are surroundedby all kinds of sounds,such as music and noise.?Some sounds are useful.Among these ,music is veryimportant. Music brings a lot of pleasure to us and makes our lives colorful.Of course,there are also other s.Such as whistles of police car which inform us to give way to emergency. But some sounds are harmful.For example,the noise made by the loudspeaker of a car can disturb our peacefullives.Therefore,in some cities,cars are forbidden to blow whistles.In the end,we hope the world can be filled with more useful sounds and less harmful sounds.Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage 1Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.?The beat generation mainly referred to the youth who were born and brought up around the Second World War.They showed their disdain (蔑视，轻视) for almost everything traditional,such as ,respect for parents,one’s duty,moral standards,and traditional customs.They developed a kind of absoluteindividualism and liberty.They preferred long hair,mini?dresses or close?fitting clothes to show off the figure.They advocated freedom of sex and cohabitation (同居).Their influence could be seen from the fact that about one third of the American couples living together were not married by law.And the divorce rate was very high.The endless U.S wars abroad and sharp class struggle at home caused many American youths to develop a kind of cynicism.They doubted the existing social system,possibility of harmonious human relations,and the long?honored standard for correct behavior.They felt society overlooked their needs.Therefore,they refused to do any duty that was required of them by society.They declared “Don’t believe anyone over thirty.”All this came from the sick society.It’s wrong toimagine they all fought against capitalism in support of revolutionary things.Some of their ideas were even more decadent (颓废的)and impractical.It was an abnormal phenomenon in an abnormal society.?21.Based on the passage,how many of one hundred and twenty American couples of the beat generation practiced cohabitation??A)about 20 couples.B)about 30 couples.C)about 60 couples.D)about 40 couples.?22.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage??A)The beat generation’s refused to do any duty.?B)The beat generation was in support of almost everything traditional.?C)The beat generation believes no one except that he is overthirty.?D)The beat generation’s ideas were not impractical.?23.“Cynicism” in this passage most ____.?A)a state of mind against realismB)a state of mind doubting everything in existence?C)a theory advocating mutual helpD)a theory advocating individualism?24.The reason why the beat generation refused to cooperate with society was____.?A)they had no interestB)they found hard to cooperate with it ?C)the laws block their way to do soD)they thought their need was neglected?25.This passage is mainly about ____.?A)the young AmericansB)the generation gap?C)the education of the youngD)an American social phenomenonPassage 2Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.?Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and ,the number of such reasons is small.Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches,and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.?First,pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size.The object may be to get a tree of the right height,and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches,which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape.Secondly,pruning may be done to make the treeheavier.You may cut out diseased or dead wood,or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds.The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the air. ?One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease,but it is a wound that will heal.Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree willlive or die,so that there is a period when the tree is at risk.It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible.It is essential to make the area,which has been pruned smooth,and clean,for healingwill be slowed down by roughness.You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of thesubstances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose.Pruning is usually done in winter,for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed.If thisdoes happen,it is,of course,impossible to paint them properly.?26.Pruning should be done to ____.?A)make the tree grow tallerB)improve the shape of the tree?C)get rid of the small branchesD)make the small branches thicker?27.Trees become unhealthy if the gardener____?A)allows too many branches to grow in the middleB)does not protect them from the wind?C)forces them to grow too quicklyD)damages some of the small side branches?28.Why is a special substance painted on the tree??A)To make a wound smooth.B)To prevent disease entering a wound.?C)To cover a rough surface.D)To help a wound to dry.?29.A good gardener prunes tree ____.?A)at intervals throughout the yearB)as quickly as possible?C)occasionally when necessaryD)regularly every winter?30.What was the author’s purpose when writing this passage??A)To give practical instruction for pruning a tree.B)To give a gardener description of pruning.?C)To explain how trees develop disease.D)To discuss different methods of pruning.。

2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案（9）

The tapes proved otherwise. In 10 taped lessons (in secondary school and college), Spender never gave the girls more than 42 per cent of her attention (the average was 38 percent) and never gave the boys less than 58 percent. There were similar results for other teachers, both male and female.
THE CLASSROOM is a man's world, where boys get two thirds of the teachers' attention — even when they are in a minority— taunt (辱骂) the girls without punishment, and receive praise for sloppy work that would not be tolerated from girls. They are accustomed to being teachers' pets, and if girls get anything like equal treatment, they will protest eagerly and even wreck lessons.
Not surprisingly, vast areas of the shallows are awash with bacteria and it doesn't take long for these to reach people. Professor William Brumfitt of the Royal Free Hospital once calculated that anyone who goes for a swim in the Mediterranean has a one in seven chance of getting some sort of disease. Other scientists say this is an overestimate; but almost all of them agree that bathers are at risk. Industry adds its own poisons. Factories cluster round the coastline, and even the most modern rarely has proper waste treatment plant. They do as much damage to the sea as sewage.

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2016下半年英语四级模拟试卷及答案2016年下半年将在12月17日开考，大家要抓紧时间复习。

下面是网提供给大家关于英语四级模拟试卷及答案，希望童鞋们认真练习。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Every year 100 million holiday—makers are drawn to the Mediterranean.With one third of the world's tourist trade, it is the most popular of all the holiday destinations; it is also the most polluted.It has only 1 per cent of the world's sea surface, but carries more than half the oil and tar floating on the waters. Thousands of factories pour their poison into the Mediterranean, and almost every city, town and village on the coast sends its sewage, untreated, into the sea.The result is that the Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilizations, is gravely ill—the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it. And the pollution does not merely keep back life of the sea—it threatens the people who inhabit and visit its shores The mournful form of disease is caused by sewage. Eighty five per cent of the waste from the Mediterranean's 120 coastal cities is pushed out in to the waters where their people and visitors bathe and fish. What is more, most cities just drop it in straight off the beach; rare indeed are the places like Cannes and Tel Aviv which pipe it even half a mile offshore.Not surprisingly, vast areas of the shallows are awash with bacteria and itdoesn't take long for these to reach people. Professor William Brumfitt ofthe Royal Free Hospital once calculated that anyone who goes for a swim in the Mediterranean has a one in seven chance of getting some sort of disease. Other scientists say this is an overestimate; but almost all of them agree that bathers are at risk.Industry adds its own poisons. Factories cluster round the coastline, and even the most modern rarely has proper waste treatment plant. They do as much damage to the sea as sewage. But the good news is that the countries of the Mediterraneanhave been coming together to work out how to save their common sea.21.The causes of the Mediterranean's pollution is ____.A) the oil and tar floating on the waterB) many factories put their poison into the seaC) untreated sewage from the factories and coastal citiesD) there are some sorts of diseases in the sea22.Which of following consequence of a polluted sea is not true according to the passage?A) Bring up so many civilizations.B) Various diseases in the sea.C) It threatens the inhabitants and travelers.D) One in seven chance of getting some sort of disease swimming in the sea.23.The word “sewage”refer to ____.A) poisonC) liquid materialB) wasteD) solid material24.Why does industry do much damage to the sea?A) Because most factories have proper waste treatment plants.B) Because many factories have not proper waste treatment plantseven the most modern one.C) Because just the modern factory has a waste treatment plant.D) Because neither ordinary factories nor most modern ones have proper waste treatment plants.25.What is the passage mainly about?A) Save the world.B) How the people live in the Mediterranean sea.C) How the industry dangers the sea.D) Beware the dirty sea.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:THE CLASSROOM is a man's world, where boys get two thirds of the teachers' attention — even when they are in a minority— taunt (辱骂) the girls without punishment, and receive praise for sloppy work that would not be tolerated from girls. They are accustomed to being teachers' pets, and if girls get anything like equal treatment, they will protest eagerly and even wreck lessons.These claims are made in a book out this week, written by Dale Spender, a lecturer at the London University Institute of Education. She argues that disc rimination against girls is so deeply in co educational schools that single sex classes are the only answer.Her case is based on tape recordings of her own and other teachers' lessons. Many of them, like Spender, had deliberately set out to give girls a fair chance. “Sometimes,” says Spender, “I have even thought I have gone too far and have spent more time with the girls than the boys.” The tapes proved otherwise. In 10 taped lessons (in secondary schooland college), Spender never gave the girls more than 42 per cent of her attention (the average was 38 percent) and never gave the boys less than 58 percent. There were similar results for other teachers, both male and female.In other words, when teachers give girls more than a third of their time, they feel that they are cheating the boys of their rightful share. And so do the boys themselves. “She always asks the girls all the questions,” said one boy in a classroom where 34 per cent of the teachers' time was allocated to girls. “She doesn't like boys, and just listens to the girls.” said a boy in another class, where his sex got 63 per cent of teacher attention.Boys regarded two thirds of the teacher's time as a fair deal — and when they got less they caused trouble in class and even complained to higher authority. “It's important to keep their attention,” said one t eacher, “Otherwise,they play you up something awful.”Spender concludes that, in mixed classes, if the girls are as boisterous and pushy as the boys, they are considered “unladylike”, if they are docile and quiet, they are ignored.26.If boys are better treated in class, ____ would be better.A) single sex classes and co educational classesB) co educational classesC) single sex classesD) None of the above27.Dale Spender obtained the evidence for her claims by ____A) her own lessons in secondary school and collegeB) the other teachers' tape recordingsC) both male and female teachersD) tape recordings of her own and other teachers' lessons28.What are the boy's reactions when girls are given moreattention?A) They will keep the teachers' attention again.B) They will make some trouble and complain to the headmaster.C) They will play up the teacher something awful.D) They will feel they are cheated by teachers.29.The word “boisterous” in the last paragraph probably means ____.A) rough B) braveC)troublesome D) emotional30.The best title for this passage would be ____.A) boys are teachers' petsB) boys do better in co educational classesC) single sex classes are better than co eduationed classesD) girls do better than boysGestures aren't the only area in which the unwary traveler can get trippedup. Foreign cultures adhere to different business customs and behavior.For example:Caffeine junkies should restrain themselves in the Middle East.“Three cups of tea or coffee is usually the polite limit in offices and during social calls,” counsels “Travel Pak, ” a free publication of Alia, the Royal Jordanian Airline. “But if your host keeps going, you also may continue sipping. If you've had your fill, give your empty cup a quick twist a sort of wiggle—as you hand it back. That means “No more, thank you.”Middle East visitors also should not be surprised “if others barge ri ght into the office in the middle of your conversation with the person you are seeing,” notes “Travel Pak.” An old Arab custom calls for keeping an “opeThe British, however, consider it impolite to interrupt a visitor, even after all business has been transacted. The commercial caller is expected to be sensitive to this point, know when to stop, and initiate his or her own departure.In Japan certain guests at evening business gatherings will leave early. They should be allowed toleave without effusive good byes. The Japanese consider formal departures to be disruptive in such cases and disturbing to remaining guests.In Scandinavia and Finland business guests may be asked to shed their clothes and join their hosts in a sauna. The invitation is a sign that a goodworking relationship has been established.In the Arab world, the word “no” must be mentioned three times before it is accepted. In contrast, it is considered good business manners to make many and long efforts to pick up the check.In the People's Republic of China, gift giving is considered an insult, says Patrick J. Lewis, President of Club Universe, a Los Angeles tour operator. “If you want to give someone a gift, make sure it's modest in value.This will not be considered offensive, but it m ay be declined, ” The Chinese manner of expressing friendship and welcome is to clap. Lewis adds. “Youmay be greeted with clapping when entering a factory, hospital, commune, or school.Politeness dictates that you respond with applause, even though it may seem likeyou're clapping for yourself.”31.In the Middle East, it is considered ____.A) impolite to drink at least 3 cups of coffeeB) impolite to drink more than 3 cups of coffee unless your host drinks moreC) polite to ask the host to give you as more as he canD) polite to leave a party as early as you want32.In Japan, the guest at an evening party will ____.A) leave early without saying good byeB) stay as long as he canC) stay to have a swimming with the hostD) present their business cards immediately33.In Finland, business guests may ____.A) take flowers to the hostB) send an expensive gift to the hostC) have a swimming or sauna with the hostD) present a business card34.In China, a gift to the host means ____.A) attemption to praise the hostB) a modest mannerC) a respondence of applauseD) offended action to the host's dignity35.Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage?A) Uninvited visitors are welcome in Middle Eastern office.B) In Britain, business visitors can stay as long as they like.C) In China, people may greet a foreigner's entering a school with clapping.D) In the Arab world, saying “No” for 3 times until it is accepted.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:What is the importance of the Afro American history to all Americans? Howcould Afro Americans contribute anything to American history when they were just slaves and servants? This is the image which many of us are taught when we go to school. This is the image many Afro Americans have of themselves also.The Afro Americans need to remake their real historical image so that it isknown and accepted in its truthfulness by themselves and the rest of the world. Men and women of darker color are human beings entitled to respect andacceptance in history.When we think of famous scientists and inventors we immediately think of men such as Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison and Jonas E.Salk. This is because we associate famous people with the Anglo Saxon race. But whatabout the Afro American inventors and scientists? How many men during World War Ⅰ owe their lives to Garrett Morgan who invented the gas mask? Garrett Morgan also invented the traffic light which saves numerous lives on our streets. Daniel Hale Williams was the first successful heart surgeon. Charles Drew saved hundreds of thousands of lives during World War II by his discoveryof the ways and means of preserving blood plasma. Percy Julian has helped millions suffering from the excruciating pain of arthritis. These men and others should be as easilyrecognized as Bell, Edison and Salk.America is made up of many different blends of cultures. These many cultures have come to enrich and diversify the American way of life. We shouldnot think, because history has neglected to include the background of a particular culture, that these people have an inferior history. We should search for the truth and set the record straight against the slanders, the stereotyping and false images which have identified these people. We should understand each of the cultures and learn of their specific contribution to America's life story.Only after we are taught the complete and accurate history of our great country and learn that the blending of cultures and backgrounds gives us ourstrength, can we go forward on the path to peace.36.The function of the first paragraph is to ____.A) present the main idea or the summary of the essayB) present an introduction to the topicC) provide background to the main themeD) present many cultures have contributed to American history37.Which of the following statements is true?A) Graham Bell, T.Edison and J.E.Salk are not very important people.B) Black people who contribute to society should have equal recognition with their white colleagues.C) We should not associate famous people with the Anglo Saxonrace only.D) G.Morgan, D.H.Williams and Charles Drew were not Afro Americans.38.Paragraph three tells us that ____.A) we should oppose slander and stereotypingB) the American way of life is richer because it is made up of many culturesC) some cultures have been completely neglectedD) Afro Americans have an inferior history39.The word “image” refers to ____.A) picture B) portray C) impression D) similar40. The main idea of the passage is ____.A) There are many Afro Americans who are famous as scientists and inventorsB) Many Afro Americans have devoted to American historyC) Afro American experience to American historyD) Afro American history must be recognized as an important part of American history。