鲁东大学外国语学院809英语水平测试阅读高分特训100篇：社会生活类【圣才出品】
外语考研二外英语阅读理解高分特训100篇-多项选择-社会生活类【圣才出品】
社会生活类Passage54题材：社会生活类字数：431In some society it is the custom for parents to arrange the marriages of their children.The father and mother of the bride will meet with the father and mother of the groom,and if both families are pleased with each other,an agreement will be made.Often the brides and grooms will not be asked for their opinion in this matter, and sometimes they do not even meet each other until the day of the wedding.In some countries,men advertise for mail—order brides in the local paper.Most Americans find the idea of arranged marriages difficult to understand or accept.They believe that two people should marry for love,after a period of dating or courtship.During that period,the prospective marriage partners are supposed to learn enough about each other to decide whether or not they will be able to build a successful marriage.Today in America,it is common for people to live together as a way of preparing for marriage.The idea of an arranged marriage seems very old-fashioned indeed.But aren’t all marriages arranged in one way or another?In the United States marriages are seldom formally arranged,but quite a lot of informal arranging goes on before two people become husband and wife.People who get married are introduced to each other by friends.These friends have already decided that the two people are right for each other and arrange for them to meet.In the UnitedStates this kind of arrangement is very common.Because friends have such great influence,their approval of a dating or mating partner is very important.Families also exert open and subtle pressures on their children to influence their choices of marriage partners.Parents often arrange dates for their own children.One parent often tells a friend about her beautiful daughter or handsome son.Also,parents can meet the perfect marriage prospect for their son or daughter through business relationships.Since parents often assist their children financially, they feel that they have the right to help the bride and groom select where they will live,what type of furniture they will purchase,and what their life-style will be like. To a larger extent,social class determines the choice of a marriage partner in the United States.Marriages are usually arranged between people of similar religious, ethnic,and financial backgrounds.Despite what we see in the movies,the son of a bank president rarely marries or even meets a miner’s daughter.Americans may not accept or understand arranged marriages,but marriages in the United States are arranged nevertheless.1.Which of the following can be chosen as the best title of this passage?[A]Americans’Marriage[B]Arranged Marriage[C]Marriage for Love[D]Perfect Marriage2.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?[A]Some couples marry according to their parents’arrangement.[B]Some men seek their future-wife by advertising in the newspaper.[C]The Americans will not live together before their marriage.[D]Friends and parents usually play an important role in arranging marriage.3.Most Americans deem that______.[A]financial status determines the choice of a marriage partner[B]young men and women should get married as soon as they fall in love[C]arranged marriages are hardly understood and accepted[D]love plays a critical role in marriage4.According to the passage,all of the following statements are true except that ______.[A]in arranged marriages,the brides and grooms never meet before their wedding[B]many Americans think the idea of arranged marriage out of date[C]all marriages are not arranged in America[D]a lot of informally arranged marriages exist in America5.We can draw the conclusion that______.[A]children always ask their parents for opinions about marriage[B]the author thinks that in America marriages still bear class character[C]it is unusual for Americans to live together as a way of preparing for marriages[D]despite the different backgrounds,people still marry in America参考答案及解析1.B主旨题。
英语六级阅读理解100篇：社会生活.doc
2018年12月英语六级阅读理解100篇：社会生活Why are so many people unhappy in their jobs? There are two primary reasons. First, some people are convinced that earning a living is wasting time that they could spend enjoying themselves or uncovering their true talents.If this is the case with you, recall your last long vacation. Was it two weeks of complete enjoyment? Morelikely it was a week and a half of fun in the sun, with another half a week or Boy. I can’t wait to get back to work.While all work and no play is not good, all play and no work is disastrous. We need to feel we are accomplishing something. We also need some form of order in our lives.The second and perhaps more prevalent reason for people not to like their work is that they feel trapped. Once y ou’ve been at a company for five years and have a spouse, a mortgage and a child, you often feel youhave very little choice about jumping ship if things aren’t turning out as you’d planned. A steady paycheck can be the biggest manacle of all. People resent having to do something because they have no other choice.If you find yourself resenting your job because you can’t afford to quit. it may be time to prepare what one career counselor humorously calls a cyanide capsule. He recalls spy movies in which the secret agent bas such a capsule hidden somewhere on his body. Ifhe’s captured and tortured unbearably. he has an option. And having an option gives him the strength to hold on a little longer in the hope that the situation may change.Rather than cyanide, your option takes the form of an up-to-date resume. You might also take a weekly glance through the help-wanted section, and make some visits to industry functions where low-key networking can take place. You’re not giving up your current job. Rather. you are providing yourself with an option. Ifthings get unbearable at work. you could jump ship. Being in this position can do wonders for your attitude. It allows you to enjoy your work Since, in reality, you are t.bere only because you want to be.At the core of adopting a positive attitude to your workplace is, above all, assuming responsibility for your own situation. Most people feel controlled by their environment. but they really arent. They have toleam to manage that environment so they can get from it what they need.1.What do we most likely want during a long vacation, according to the author?A) To extend the vacation as long as possible.B) To gain a balance between work and play.C) To go back to work as soon as possible.D) To relax completely. free from worry.2.It is indicated in the passage that most people dislike their jobs because_____________.A) going to work is wasting their timeB) they can’t feel fulfilled in their jobsC) they are confined to the jobs tightlyD) pay seldom corresponds with work3.When one considers changing job.the biggest difficulty is______________.A) leaving a company and a good bossB) reducing che family burdenC) giving up a stable incomeD) drawing up a better plan for the future4.The author suggests that, by having a cyanide capsule at work, one will______________.A) find a satisfactory job soonB) be as brave as the hero in spy moviesC) be more tolerant with the present jobD) have the courage to give up the unbearable job5.You will change your attitude towards your job when________________.A) you are provided with the chance to chooseB) you are responsible for your present jobC) you get ready your up-to-date resumeD) you get what you need from your job答案：1.作者认为，我们在放长假的时候最可能想要做什么?A)尽可能地延长假期。
2017年聊城大学外国语学院809翻译与写作考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2017年聊城大学外国语学院809翻译与写作考研真题及详解Part ⅠTranslation (100 points)Section A: C-E Translation (50 points, 25 points each)1. 中国文化的形成和发展过程，是以各国人民为师，不断学习和创造的过程。
中华民族曾经向周边国家和民族学习过许多东西，假如没有这些学习，中华民族决不可能创造出昔日的辉煌。
回顾历史，我们怎能不对伟大的古埃及文明、古希腊文明、古印度文明满怀深深的感激?怎能不对伟大的欧洲文明、非洲文明、美洲文明、澳洲文明，以及亚洲文明充满温情与敬意?中华民族为人类社会曾作出过独特的贡献。
在15世纪以前，中国的科学技术一直处于世界遥遥领先的地位。
英国科学家李约瑟(Joseph Needham)说：“中国在公元3世纪到13世纪之间，保持着一个西方所望尘莫及的科学知识水平。
”【参考译文】Indeed, it is true that if the Chinese people had not learned many things from the surrounding countries they would never have been able to produce the splendid achievements of former days. When we look back upon history, how can we not feel profoundly grateful for the legacies of the civilizations of ancient Egypt, Greece and India? How can we not feel fondness and respect for the cultures of Europe, Africa, America and Oceania?The Chinese nation, in turn, has made unique contributions to the community of mankind. Prior to the 15th Century, China led the world in science and technology.The British scientist Joseph Needham once said, “From the third century A.D. to the 13th century A.D. China was far ahead of the west in the level of its scientific knowledge.”2. 我爱花，所以也爱养花。
专业英语四级(社会生活类阅读理解)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（社会生活类阅读理解）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 5. READING COMPREHENSIONPART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Made was a tall, handsome 22-year-old Balinese man who was in love with one girl but expected to marry another. His stepmother had arranged everything —he would wed a distant relation and bring the two families closer together. Made had two choices. He could either marry the girl he did not love, or he could go against the wishes of his parents and be expelled from his village. Actually he had another choice, one which none of his family foresaw. One day his friends found him slumped in a coma on his bed after he had consumed two litres of a powerful insecticide. For more than 60 years the tropical Indonesian island of Bali has been portrayed to the outside world as a heavenly paradise where a strong culture and sense of community protect its inhabitants from the rigors of the modern world. It is an image supported by many millions of dollars from the international hotel community which provides luxury accommodation and facilities for nearly a million foreign visitors now travelling annually to the holiday island. Yet behind the marketing hype lies another story —one which exists in stark contrast to the sun, sand and sea “dream”. The truth is that the lives of Bali’s 2.7 million local inhabitants are often marked by poverty, suffering and family strife. Ketut is a 22-year-old maid who works part-time for an expatriate resident in Ubud, in the centre of the island. Her husband works as a driver for a white-water rafting company which provides day trips to tourists. “Sometimes I have no money for my baby because my husband gambles all his wages.” The husband’s father, unfamiliar with Western support systems, combats his son’s behaviour by calling in the dukun, a spiritual “healer” who makes offerings to the “bad” spirits at play in his mind.1．You would expect to find this passage in______.A．a newspaperB．an advertisementC．a travel brochureD．a book正确答案：A解析：推理题。
高考英语二轮复习限时训练 社会生活型阅读理解_02
语鹅市安置阳光实验学校[社会生活型阅读理解(二)](限时：25分钟)(一)A tent can be one of the more costly items on your camping equipment shopping list. It is definitely something that you need to consider carefully.By seeing a tent for real you will be able to get a better impression of its size and construction in the traditional shop. However, the downside is that, unless you are experienced，you may miss out some of the details that the manufacturer's promotional material makes clear. Cheap tents often look similar to the quality models they are mimicking(模仿), but you can be sure that they use inferior(次的) materials and probably have lower design standards.Shop staff are often campers themselves. That means they usually can give lots of advice. If a shop assistant agrees with your own conclusions, that will be great; if they try to change your decision with a clear and reasonable argument, then that will be worth considering; if they just try to bamboozle(欺骗) or even bully, you then walk away.The Internet is a wonderful tool, and so long as you know how to make the most of search engines and put in a little effort, you really have the perfect answer waiting to be found. That answer will be different for every camper as each of us has different needs. Don't be surprised to see your favourite criticized somewhere, but if you see too much criticism，then you had better start thinking again. No problem. You won't have spent anything yet, so think of it positively as a large expense is saved.Probably the best approach, if you have the time, is to research tents online and make a short list. Then try to inspect those tents at nearby shops. Then you can make a final decision on where to buy your chosen model based purely on total cost.1．The underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 2 means“________”．A．disadvantage B．instructionC．argument D．principle2．It can be concluded from the third paragraph that________.A．shop assistants usually enjoy going campingB．shop assistants usually have practical adviceC．you should consider your idea repeatedlyD．it is impolite for you to trouble shop assistants3．You can make use of the Internet to________.A．meet your different needsB．find the answer for every camperC．help you out of troubleD．find your favourite tent4．Which of the following would be the main idea of this passage?A．It is good to buy your tent in the traditional shop.B．You'd better buy a tent with the help of the Internet.C．Better buy a tent combining seeing tents for real in shops and researching them online.D．Going camping is really beneficial to your health.(二)A smartphone is a mobile phone built on a mobile operating system, with more advanced computing abilities than a common phone. The first smartphones enabled the users to send and receive emails. Later models added the functions of portable media players, pocket video cameras, and GPS navigation units to form one multiuse device. Many modern smartphones also include touch screens and Web browsers that display Web pages.A recent report says we spend an average of two hours and 40 minutes each day looking at a smartphone. That doesn't mean making calls, but playing phone games and browsing the Web.Nowadays we always find people checking emails in a re staurant, taking a picture of the food when it arrives, or checking a message during a conversation instead of traditional communication. It's no secret that our life is being affected by our smartphones obsession.However, this phenomenon has never been presented so vividly as in the short YouTube film I Forgot My Phone. Despite only being online for a few days, it's already been viewed more than 10.5 million times. Whether it will be screened in the cinema remains to be seen.Ironically, YouTube's data show that the site gets a billion views per day from mobile devices, so a lot of those people watched it on their phones.The short film, written by and starring actress Charlene deGuzman, shows groups of people in various social situations, the majority of whom are absorbed in their phones instead of the world around them. To acertain extent, we all do it.5．People prefer a smartphone to a common one, because the latter can only help us ________.A．check emailsB．send messagesC．find the destinationD．watch a video6．The underlined word “obsession” in the third paragraph most probably means “________”．A．devotion B．contributionC．addiction D．emotion7．Which of the following is TRUE?A．People spend an average of two hours and 40 minutes each day using smartphones.B．The film hasn't been put on in the cinema.C．The film is written by an actor named Charlene deGuzman.D．The film has already been viewed more than 105 million times in the first few days.8．When the writer mentions the number of people watching the film from mobile devices in the fifth paragraph, he mainly feels ________.A．encouraged B．depressedC．proud D．satisfied(三)The slogan “a dog is for life, not just for Christmas” has been going strong for 27 years now.Dogs and cats have been popular Christmas gifts in the UK and Europe for many years.But some people still haven't quite got the message.The slogan still holds good.Some 105,000 dogs were rounded up by the local government last year because they had been abandoned, many of them shortly after the festival season.The main reason given by owners for handing their dogs over to the Dogs Trust is that the dogs need more attention than they can give; behavioural problems and moving homes are also reasons given.But Eleanor Silk, the Trust's communications director, says, “It's often four or five months after Christmas, in early summer, when the owner finds that the dog has got too big and too active, or that it hasn't been trained properly and has caused damage around the home.”In any case, some organizations that help pets are quick to point outthat if you are serious about getting a puppy as a pet, Christmas is not the time to do it.Puppies need to get used to their new surroundings, to be introduced to a routine, and to be looked after like small children.It's hard to meet any of these needs at Christmas.What's more, pulling a puppy out of a Christmas stocking in itself sends the wrong message to children.It encourages children to think of the puppy as a toy, rather than a responsibility.Appreciating what you're taking on with the dogs can be a sobering(使人清醒的) realization.“For life” means thinking about the effect they'll have on your life.It also infers that you will need to care for the dogs for their whole life.9．What would be the best title for the passage?A．Dogs and cats—the most popular Christmas giftsB．A pet is for life, not just for ChristmasC．How to take care of your pets over ChristmasD．Let's help those abandoned pets10．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for pets to be abandoned?A．Pets spread some diseases.B．Pets damage some things in the houses.C．The owners can't take good care of the pets.D．The owners have to move to other places.11．The fifth paragraph mainly tells us ________.A．how to take best care of Christmas petsB．the right time to have a puppy as a petC．the reason why Christmas is not the time to get a petD．the worries about Christmas pets from organizations that help pets 12．Why is the author against the idea of putting a dog in the Christmas stocking as a Christmas gift?A．Because a dog can still cause damage.B．Because children will not take a dog seriously.C．Because children don't like to have a dog as a Christmas gift.D．Because a Christmas stocking is not big enough to put a dog in.专题限时训练(三十六)【社会生活型阅读理解(二】(一)【文章大意】这篇文章主要讲了在网上买帐篷和实体店买帐篷的利与弊。
英语专业四级阅读理解高分特训100篇-第2章 英语专业四级基础阅读篇(社会生活类)【圣才出品】
社会生活类（Passage 25～30）Passage 25 题材：社会生活类字数：385 建议用时：4.5分钟Strikes and demonstrations in Germany, Britain and France helped to make the shorter working week a union priority. Employers gave way because in Germany sweating capital investment had traditionally been the way German managers sustained high productivity.In Britain, there was a certain cynicism in agreeing to a reduced working weekas British workers have always opted for extensive overtime to make up low basic wages. A nominal 35-hour week merely allowed more overtime.Working with union leaders such as Ron Todd and Bill Jordan in Britain and Hans Mayr, the wily IG Metall leader, in Germany, I found that there was one big gap in the movement for a 35-hour week. The Swedish union movement refused categorically to join the campaign.Given that in the 1980s—as today—95% of the Swedish workforce is unionized, the absence of the Swedish metalworkers’ union left a large hole in the European campaign. The Swedish thought that focusing on nominal weekly working hours was fatuous.The Swedish metal union believed that the distribution of working time should focus on annual holidays, family leave and on rigidly enforced limits on overtime that would be unacceptable to any self-respecting British shop steward. For the Swedish unions, working hours should help support Volvo, Saab, Electrolux andother companies faced with the growing challenge of globalization.To prescribe a rigid working week as the solution to European labor market problems just did not make sense to the calm, consensual approach that had allowed Swedish capitalism to flourish while delivering the best version of “social Europe” on offer in the continent.At the time, it appeared frustrating to see this breach in solidarity. But today, the Swedish refusal to make a totem out of the 35-hour week appears more than justified. Sweden has maintained both full employment and record levels of trade union membership. By contrast, in Germany and France, where the 35-hour week was introduced, the continuing high level of unemployment and the lack of movement and energy in the labor market have contributed to the biggest slump in trade union membership ever seen in both countries.1. The reason why in the end the 35-hour week has been gotten through in Germany is that _____.A. facing vast stri kes and demonstrations, German managers couldn’t deny thelongstanding fact of overworking employees for high profits.B. German workers devoted themselves to striking and demonstrating againstthe former longer workingweek.C. the new working rule has been approved in most of European countries.D. the new working rule would definitely improve the rate of employment.2. In the 7th paragraph, what does “breach in solidarity” refer to?A. “Social Europe”.B. Prosperity in Sweden.C. Swedish noninvolvement.D. The 35-hour week.3. Which statement is true according to the passage?A. Swedish workers hardly dissented from its government in its working weekproblem.B. Until today there have been 95% of the Swedish metalworkers that areunionized.C. Those British managers who have self-respects are considered to oppose arigid enforcement of limits onovertime.D. Under the challenge of globalization, some major Swedish companies haveturned to annual holidays andfamily leave for help.4. In the second paragra ph, what does “nominal” mean here?5. What is the author’s attitude towards the 35-hour week?「文章大意」本文主要围绕工人罢工和游行是否真正争取到了权利展开论述。
2021年12月大学英语六级阅读理解高分特训100篇【命题分析＋答题攻略＋强化训练】
2021年12月大学英语六级阅读理解高分特训100篇【命题分析＋答题攻略＋强化训练】目录第1章 六级阅读考试命题分析 1.1 大学英语六级大纲要求 1.2 大学英语六级阅读题型调整说明 1.3 大学英语六级题源分析 1.4 大学英语六级题材分析 1.5 大学英语六级体裁分析第2章 大学英语六级篇章词汇阅读20篇 2.1 大学英语六级篇章词汇阅读答题攻略 2.2 大学英语六级篇章词汇阅读高分特训20篇第3章 长篇匹配阅读20篇 3.1 大学英语六级长篇匹配阅读答题攻略 3.2 大学英语六级长篇匹配阅读高分特训20篇第4章 大学英语六级篇章仔细阅读60篇 4.1 大学英语六级篇章仔细阅读答题攻略 4.2 大学英语六级篇章仔细阅读高分特训60篇弘博学习网————各类考试资料全收录内容简介本书特别适用于参加大学英语六级考试的考生。
《大学英语六级阅读理解高分特训100篇》按照最新大学英语四六级考试调整说明的要求，并分析总结自题型调整以来大学英语六级考试阅读题型，将阅读分为篇章词汇阅读、长篇匹配阅读和篇章仔细阅读这三部分进行专项练习，其中篇章词汇阅读20篇，长篇匹配阅读20篇，篇章仔细阅读60篇。
每一专项阅读又按照难易程度，分为基础篇、标准篇、能力篇，循序渐进地提高阅读水平。
因篇章仔细阅读在考试时涵盖面很广，本书选材时，将其分为文化教育类、商业经济类、科技科普类、社会生活类、自然环境类等，对于阅读考试具有很强的针对性和实用性。
本书文章均选自国外知名期刊、报纸杂志，如：The Guardian《卫报》、New Scientist《新科学家》、Newsweek《新闻周刊》、The New York Times《纽约时报》、Time《时代周刊》、The Washington Post《华盛顿邮报》、USA Today《今日美国》、The Economist《经济学人》等。
本书在每篇阅读之后都有关于文章大意的介绍，还附有文章中的重点、难点词汇，帮助考生扩大词汇量，更好地理解文章，掌握阅读技巧，提高阅读水平。
考研英语(二)阅读理解C节过关必做30篇(社会生活类)【圣才出品】
◆社会生活类Passage 13The man whose life is centered around producing, selling and consuming commodities transforms himself into a commodity. He becomes increasingly attracted to that which is man-made and mechanical, rather than to that which is natural and organic. Many men today are more interested in sports cars than in women; or they experience women as a car which one can cause to race by pushing the right button.Altogether they expect happiness is a matter of finding the right button, not the result of a productive, rich life, a life which requires making an effort and taking risks. In their search for the button, some go to the psychoanalyst, some go to church and some read “self-help” books. Bu t while it is impossible to find the button for happiness, the majority are satisfied with pushing the buttons of cameras, radios, television sets, and watching science fiction becoming reality.【答案及解析】【译文】当一个人的周边环境充斥着商品的制造、销售和消费时，他自己也会变成一种商品。
鲁东大学外国语学院809英语水平测试阅读高分特训100篇：商业经济类【圣才出品】
2.3 商业经济类Passage 1The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed “intuition” to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg’s recent resea rch on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an “Aha!” experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check onthe results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes patterns.One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that “thinking” is inseparable from acting. Since managers often “know” what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.1. The classical model of decision analysis includes all EXCEPT ________.A. evaluation of a problem.B. establishment of clear goals to be reached by the decision.C. action undertaken in order to discover more information about a problem.D. comparison of the probable effects of different solutions to a problem.2. How the writers on management understand intuition can be best described as ________.A. contradictoryB. irrationalC. insightfulD. vague3. In the author’s view, senior managers do NOT use intuition to ________.A. speed up the creation of a solution to a problemB. identify a problemC. specify clear goalsD. evaluate possible solutions to a problem4. Which of the following best exemplifies “an‘Aha!‘ experience” (Line 6, Para.3) as is presented in the text?A. A manager risks taking an action whose outcome is unpredictable.B. A manager performs well-learned and familiar behavior patterns in creativeand uncharacteristic ways to solve a problem.C. A manager suddenly connects seemingly unrelated facts and experiences tocreate a pattern relevant to the problem at hand.D. A manager swiftly decides which of several tactics to implement to deal with aproblem.5. By saying “acting and analyzing in close concert” (Line 5, Para.4), the author means ________.A. acting is prior to analyzing.B. analyzing accords with acting.C. analyzing is not as necessary as acting.D. acting is facilitated by analyzing.「文章大意」本文主要讲述成功的管理者的一些素质。
鲁东大学外国语学院809英语水平测试高分范文(工作就业)【圣才出品】
鲁东大学外国语学院809英语水平测试写作高分范文◆工作就业46.Working in Big Cities or Small CitiesMany people are constantly confused by whether to go to big cities to work which are abound with opportunities but are stressful or go to small cities to work which are relatively more relaxed but have fewer opportunities.Write a composition of about200words on the following topic:Working in Big Cities or Small CitiesYou are to write in three parts.In the first part,state clearly the reasons why generation gap is existent.In the second part,support your view with appropriate details.In the last part,bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content,organization,grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.【审题构思】就业时，如何选择适合自己的城市，是大城市还是小城市？大多数学生希望留在大城市工作，但房价、生活水平等压力又是一个棘手的问题。
鲁东大学外国语学院809英语水平测试阅读高分特训100篇：科普科研类【圣才出品】
2.4 科普科研类Passage 1"Mirror Worlds" is only one of David Gelernter's big ideas. Another is "lifestreams"—in essence, vast electronic diaries. "Every document you create and every document other people send you is stored in your lifestream," he wrote in the mid-1990s together with Eric Freeman, who produced a doctoral thesis on the topic. Putting electronic documents in chronological order, they said, would make it easier for people to manage all their digital output and experiences.Lifestreams have not yet replaced the desktop on personal computers, as Mr. Gelernter had hoped. Indeed, a software start-up to implement the idea folded in 2004. But today something quite similar can be found all over the web in many different forms. Blogs are essentially electronic diaries. Personal newsfeeds are at the heart of Facebook and other social networks. A torrent of short text messages appears on Twitter.Certain individuals are going even further than Mr. Gelernter expected. Some are digitizing their entire office, including pictures, bills and correspondence. Others record their whole life. Gordon Bell, a researcher at Microsoft, puts everything he has accumulated, written, photographed and presented in his “local cyberspace". Yet others "log" every aspect of their lives with wearable cameras.The latest trend is "life-tracking". Practitioners keep meticulous digital records of things they do: how much coffee they drink, how much work they do each day,what books they are reading, and so on. Much of this is done manually by putting the data into a PC or, increasingly, a smartphone. But people are also using sensors, mainly to keep track of their vital signs, for instance to see how well they sleep or how fast they run.The first self-trackers were mostly geeks fascinated by numbers. But the more recent converts simply want to learn more about themselves, says Gary Wolf, a technology writer and co-founder of a blog called "The Quantified Self". They want to use technology to help them identify factors that make them depressed, keep them from sleeping or affect their cognitive performance. One self-tracker learned, for instance, that eating a lot of butter allowed him to solve arithmetic problems faster.A market for self-tracking devices is already emerging. Fitbit and Greengoose, two start-ups, are selling wireless accelerometers that can track a user's physical activity. Zeo, another start-up, has developed an alarm clock that comes with a headband to measure people's brainwave activity at night and chart their sleep on the web.As people create more such self-tracking data, firms will start to mine them and offer services based on the result. Xobni, for example, analyses people's inboxes (" xobni" spelled backwards) to help them manage their e-mail and contacts. It lists them according to the intensity of the electronic relationship rather than in alphabetical order. Users are sometimes surprised by the results, says Jeff Bonforte, the firm's boss: "They think it's creepy when we list other people before theirgirlfriend or wife.”1. The word "folded" in Paragraph Two probably means _______.A. succeededB. disappearedC. appearedD. failed2. Which of the following statements is TRUE of electronic documents?A. They are open to the individual's friends.B. The types of documents are limited.C. They can be put in various websites.D. They are mainly presented in pictures.3. As to life-tracking, the author has given the following examples EXCEPT _________.A. the toolB. the purposeC. the methodD. the individual4. We can infer from the passage that ________.A. many men tend to alienate from their girlfriends or wives deliberatelyB. in some aspects, men have closer relationship with others than their wivesC. self-tracking devices and data might bring trouble to many familiesD. people may take advantage of self-tracking data to fulfill their dreams5. The best title of the passage is ________.A. Tracking Your Life on the WebB. Recording Electronic DocumentsC. Life-tracking DevicesD. A New Technology「文章大意」本文介绍在网络上记录生活的情况。
英语专业八级阅读理解高分特训100篇【命题分析+答题攻略+强化训练】(第4章 英语专业八级能力提升篇
商业经济类（Passage83～88）Passage83题材：商业经济类字数：779建议用时：7分钟It's widely known that more than half of all corporate mergers and acquisitions end in failure.Like many marriages,they are often fraught with irreconcilable cultural and financial differences.Yet M&A activity was up sharply in2013and reached pre-recession levels this year.So why do companies keep at it?Because it's an easy way to make a quick buck and please Wail Street.Increasingly,business is serving markets rather than markets serving business,as they were originally meant to do in our capitalist system.For a particularly stark example,consider American pharmaceutical giant Pfizer's recent bid to buy British drugmaker AstraZeneca.The deal made little strategic sense and would probably have destroyed thousands of jobs as well as slowed research at both companies.(Public outcry to that effect eventually helped scuttle the plan.)But it would have allowed Pfizer to shift its domicile to Britain,where companies pay less tax.That,in turn,would have boosted share prices in the short term,enriching the executives paid in stock and the bankers, lawyers and other financial intermediaries who stood to gain about half a billion dollars or so in fees from the deal.Pfizer isn't alone.Plenty of firms engage in such tax wizardry(巫术).This kind of short-term thinking is starting to dominate executive suites.Besides taxavoidance,Wall Street's marching orders to corporate America include dividend payments and share buybacks,which sap long-term growth plans.It also demands ever more globalized supply chains,which make balance sheets look better by cutting costs but add complexity and risk.All of this hurts longer-term,more sustainable job and value creation.As a recent article on the topic by academic Gautam Mukunda in the Harvard Business Review noted, "The financial sector's influence on management has become so powerful that a recent survey of chief financial officers showed that78%would give up economic value and55%would cancel a project with a positive net present value--that is,willingly harm their companies--to meet Wall Street's targets and fulfill its desire for'smooth'earnings."Some of this can be blamed on the sheer size of the financial sector.Many thought that the economic crisis and Great Recession would weaken the power of markets.In fact,it only strengthened finance's grip on the economy.The largest banks are bigger than they were before the recession,while finance as a percentage of the economy is about the same size.Overall,the industry earns 30%of all corporate profit while creating just6%of the country's jobs.And financial institutions are still doing plenty of tricky things with our money. Legendary investor Warren Buffett recently told me he's steering well clear of exposure to commercial securities like the complex derivatives being sliced and diced by major banks.He expects these"weapons of mass destruction"to cause problems for our economy again at some point.There's a less obvious but equally important way in which Wall Street distorts the economy:by defining"shareholder value"as short-term returns.If a CEO misses quarterly earnings by even a few cents per share,activist investors will push for that CEO to be fired.Yet the kinds of challenges companies face today--how to shift to entirely new digital business models, where to put operations when political risk is on the rise,how to anticipate the future costs of health,pensions and energy--are not quarterly problems.They are issues that will take years,if not decades,to resolve.Unfortunately,in a world in which the average holding period for a stock is about seven months, down from seven years four decades ago,CEOs grasp for the lowest-hanging fruit.They label tax-avoidance schemes as"strategic"and cut research and development in favor of sending those funds to investors in the form of share buybacks.All of this will put American firms at a distinct disadvantage against global competitors with long-term mind-sets.McKinsey Global Institute data shows that between now and2025,7out of10of the largest global firms are likely to come from emerging markets,and most will be family-owned businesses not beholden to(感激)the markets.Of course,there's plenty we could do policy-wise to force companies and markets to think longer term--from corporate tax reform to bans on high-speed trading to shifts in corporate compensation.But just as Wall Street has captured corporate America,so has it captured Washington.Few mainstream politicians on either side of the aislehave much interest in fixing things,since they get so much of their financial backing from the Street.Unfortunately for them,the fringes of their parties--and voters--do care.1.What would the author like to illustrate by the example of Pfizer's bid?A.More than half of all corporate mergers and acquisitions end in failure.B.They are often fraught with irreconcilable cultural and financial differences.C.It's an easy way to make a quick buck and please Wall Street.D.Business is serving markets rather than markets serving business.2.It can be inferred that"smooth earnings"include the following EXCEPT_____．A.tax avoidanceB.dividend paymentsC.better account balanceD.lower costs3.Wall Street's distortion of the economy may causemercial securities to be diced by big banksB.mass destruction of American economyC.failure to solve strategic problems of companiesD.CEOs to shorten their holding period for a stock4.The author closes the passage with a_____note.A.cautiousB.warningC.sarcasticD.humorous5.What kind of thinking is starting to dominate executive suites?6.In what way does Wall Street distort the economy?7.According to the author,what is the root cause of faulty mergers and acquisitions?【答案及解析】1.D由题干中的Pfizer's bid定位至第二段，该段提到“The deal made little strategicsense and would probably have destroyed thousands of jobs as well as slowed research at both companies.”即这一竞投收购活动会对生产发展和创造就业岗位带来负面影响，但之后又提到该协议可以少付税款，满足决策者等高级管理层和金融界从业人员的短期利益，由此结合题目可知选项D描述正确。
高考英语阅读理解训练100篇
高考英语阅读理解训练100篇(1－10)高考英语阅读训练（001）You are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard. At the start they only fight with their fists. But soon they begin hitting one another over the heads with chairs. And so it goes on until one of the men crashes (撞击) through a window and falls thirty feet to the ground below. He is dead！Of course he isn't really dead. With any luck he isn't even hurt. Why? Because the men who fall out of high windows or jump from fast moving trains, who crash cars of even catch fire, are professionals. They do this for a living. These men are called stuntmen. That is to say, they perform tricks.There are two sides to their work. They actually do most of the things you see on the screen. For example, they fall from a high building. However, they do not fall on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard boxes covered with a mattress (床垫). Again, when they hit one another with chairs, the chairs are made of soft wood and when they crash through windows, the glass is made of sugar!But although their work depends on trick of this sort, it also requires a high degree of skill and training. Often a stuntman' s success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is "blown up" in a battlescene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment.Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get seriously injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, for example, skied over the edge of a cliff (悬崖) a thousand feet high. His parachute (降落伞) failed to open, and he was killed. In spite of all the risks, this is no longer a profession for men only. Men no longer dress up as women when actresses have to perform some dangerous action. For nowadays there are stuntgirls tool1. Stuntmen are those who ______.A. often dress up as actorsB. prefer to lead dangerous livesC. often perform seemingly dangerous actionsD. often fight each other for their lives2. Stuntmen earn their living by ______.A. playing their dirty tricksB. selling their special skillsC.jumping out of high windowsD. jumping from fast moving trains3. When a stuntman falls from a high building, ______.A.he needs little protectionB. he will be covered with a mattressC.his life is endangeredD. his safety is generally all right4. Which of the following is the main factor (因素) of a successful performance?A. Strength.B. Exactness.C. Speed.D. Carefulness.5. What can be inferred from the author' s example of the Norwegian stuntman?A.Sometimes an accident can occur to a stuntman.B.The percentage of serious accidents is high.C.Parachutes must be of good quality.D. The cliff is too high.KEY: 1- 5 CBDBA高考英语阅读训练（002）activity which was almost unknown to the learned in the earlydays of the history, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become popular.One should be careful, however, of supposing that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is distraction (分散注意力) to others. Examination of reasons connected with the historical development of silent reading shows that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.The last century saw a gradual increase in literacy (读写能力) and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of listeners dropped, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the popularity of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, trains and offices, where reading aloud would disturb other readers in a way.Towards the end of the century there was still heated argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its advantages, the old shared literacy culture had gone and wasreplaced by the printed mass media (媒介) on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other.By the end of the century students were being advised to have some new ideas of books and to use skills in reading them which were not proper, if not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological developments in the century had greatly changed what the term "reading" referred to.1. Why was reading aloud common before the nineteenth century?A. Because silent reading had not been discovered.B. Because there were few places for private reading.C. Because few people could read for themselves.D. Because people depended on reading for enjoyment.2. The development of silent reading during the nineteenth century showed .A. a change in the position of literate peopleB. a change in the nature of readingC. an increase in the number of booksD. an increase in the average age of readers3. Educationalists are still arguing about _________.A. the importance of silent readingB. the amount of information provided by books and newspapersC. the effects of reading on healthD. the value of different types of reading material4. What is the writer of this passage attempting to do?A. To explain how present day reading habits developed.B. To change people's way to read.C. To show how reading methods have improved.D. To encourage the growth of reading.KEY: 1-4 CBDA高考英语阅读训练（003）In some ways, the United States has made some progress. Fires no longer destroy 18,000 buildings as they did in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, or kill half a town of 2,400 people, as they did the same night in Peshtigo, Wisconsin. Other than the BeverlyHill Supper Club fire in Kentucky in 1977, it has been four decades since more than 100 Americans died in a fire.But even with such successes, the United States still has one of the worst fire death rates in the world. Safety experts say the problem is neither money nor technology, but the indifference(无所谓) of a country that just will not take fires seriously enough. American fire departments are some of the world's fastest and best-equipped. They have to be. The United States has twice Japan's population, and 40 times as many fires. It spends far less on preventing fires than on fighting them. And American fire -safety lessons are aimed almost entirely at children, who die in large numbers in fires but who, against popular beliefs, start very few of them.Experts say the error is an opinion that fires are not really anyone's fault. That is not so in other countries, where both public education and the law treat fires as either a personal failing or a crime(罪行). Japan has many wood houses; of the 48 fires in world history that burned more than 10,000 buildings, Japan has had 27. Punishment for causing a big fire can be as severe as life imprisonment.In the United States, most education dollars are spent in elementary schools. But, the lessons are aimed at too limited a number of people; just 9 percent of all fire deaths are caused by children playing with matches.The United States continues to depend more on technology than laws or social pressure. There are smoke detectors in 85 percent of all homes. Some local building laws now require home sprinklers (喷水装置). New heaters and irons shut themselves off if they are tipped.1. The reason why so many Americans die in fires is that _____.A. they took no interest in new technologyB. they did not pay great attention to preventing firesC. they showed indifference to fighting firesD. they did not spend enough money on fire equipment2. It can be inferred from the passage that______.A. fire safety lessons should not be aimed only at American childrenB. American children have not received enough education of fire safety lessonsC. Japan is better equipped with fire equipment than the United StatesD. America's large population leads to more fires3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. There has been no great fire in the USA in recent 40 years that leads to high death rate.B. There have been several great fires in the USA in recent 40 years that lead to high death rate.C. There has been only one great fire in the USA in recent 40 years that led to high death rate.D. The fire in Kentucky in 1977 made only a few people killed. KEY: BAC高考英语阅读训练（004）Nuclear power's(核能的) danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be described in one word; radiation(辐射).Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected (探测) by human senses. It can't be seen orheard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can't detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can't sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being outright by killing masses of cells (细胞) in important organs (器官). But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be significant. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed outright. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They reproduce themselves in an unusual way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the knowledge of the person at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated(放射治疗) and feel fine, then die of cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak oreasy to get serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.1. According to the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in __________.A. nuclear mysteryB. radiation detectionC. radiation levelD. nuclear radiation2. Radiation can lead to serious results even at the lowest level ________.A. when it kills few cellsB. if it damages few cellsC. though the damaged cells can repair themselvesD. unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves3. Radiation can hurt us in the way that it can _____.A. kill large numbers of cells in main organs so as to cause death immediatelyB. damage cells which may grow into cancer years laterC. affect the healthy growth of our younger generationD. lead to all of the above results4. Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage?A. The importance of protection from radiation cannot be overemphasized (过分强调).B. The mystery about radiation remains unsolved.C. Cancer is mainly caused by radiation.D. Radiation can hurt those who do not know about its danger. KEY: 1- 4 DBDA高考英语阅读训练（005）Today is the date of that afternoon in April a year ago when I first saw the strange and attractive doll（玩具娃娃）in the window of Abe Sheftel's toy shop on Third Avenue near Fifteenth Street, just around the corner from my office, where the plate on the door reads. Dr Samuel Amory. I remember just how it was that day: the first sign of spring floated across the East River, mixing with the soft - coal smoke from the factories and the street smells of the poor neighbourhood. As I turned the corner on my way to work and came to Sheftel's, I was made once more known of the poor collection of toys in the dusty window, and I remembered the coming birthday of a small niece of mine in Cleveland, to whom Iwas in the habit of sending small gifts. Therefore, I stopped and examined the window to see if there might be anything suitable, and looked at the collection of unattractive objects--a red toy fire engine, some lead soldiers, cheap baseballs, bottles of ink, pens, yellowed envelopes, and advertisements for soft - drinks. And thus it was that my eyes finally came to rest upon the doll stored away in one corner, a doll with the strangest, most charming expression on her face. I could not wholly make her out, due to the shadows and the film of dust through which I was looking, but I was sure that a deep impression had been made upon me as though I had run into a person, as one does sometimes with a stranger, with whose personality one is deeply impressed.1. What made an impression on the author?A. The doll's unusual face.B. The collection of toys.C. A stranger he met at the store.D. The beauty and size of the doll.2. Why does the author mention his niece?A. She likes dolls.B. The doll looks like her.C. She lives near Sheftel's.D. He was looking for a gift for her.3. Why did the writer go past Sheftel's?A. He was on his way to school.B. He was looking for a present for his niece.C. He wanted to buy some envelopes.D. None of the above is right.4. The story takes place in the ______.A. early summerB. early springC. midsummerD. late springKEY: 1-5 ADDB高考英语阅读训练（006）Technology is the application (应用)of knowledge to production. Thanks to modern technology, we have been able to increase greatly the efficiency of our work force. New machines and new methods have helped cut down time and expense whileincreasing overall output. This has meant more production and a higher standard of living. For most of us in America, modern technology is thought of as the reason why we can have cars and television sets. However, technology has also increased the amount of food available (有用的)to us, by means of modern farming machinery and animalbreeding techniques, and has extended our life span via()medical technology.Will mankind continue to live longer and have a higher quality of life? In large measure the answer depends on technology and our ability to use it widely. If we keep making progress as we have over the past fifty years, the answer is definitely yes. The advancement of technology depends upon research and development, and the latest statistics (统计) show that the united States is continuing to pump billions of dollars annually(每年) into such efforts. So while we are running out of some scarce resources (少的资源) we may well find technological substitutes (代用品) for many of them through our research programs. Therefore, in the final analysis the three major factors of production (land, labor and capital) are all influenced by technology. When we need new skills on techniques in medicine, people will start developing new technology to meet those needs. As equipment proves to be slow or inefficient, new machines willbe invented. Technology responds to our needs in helping us maintain our standard of living.1. What is the best title for the passage?A. The definition of technologyB. Modern technologyC. The application of technologyD. The development of technology2. From the passage, we can infer that this article is probably _________.A. a part of the introduction to American businessB. followed by the passage talking about factors of productionC. taken from a learned journalD. Both A and B3. Which is the main idea of the passage?A. Modern technology is the key to the improvement of standard of living.B. The three major factors of production-land, labor and capital are all influenced by technology.C. Technology is the response to our needs.D. The United States is making great efforts to advance its technology.4. According to the passage, people can live a long life with the help of _________.A. higer quality of lifeB. medical technologyC. modem farming machineryD. technological substituteKEY: 1- 4BDAB高考英语阅读训练（007）The volcano is one of the most surprising frightening forces of nature. Maybe you have seen pictures of these“fireworks”of nature. Sometimes when a volcano erupts, a very large wall of melted rock moves down the side of a mountain. It looks like a “river of tire.”Sometimes volcanoes explode, throwing the melted rock and ashes(灰)high into the air. But where does this melted rock come from?The earth is made up of many layers(层). The top layer that we see is called the crust. Under the crust are many layers of hard rock. But far, far beneath the crust whose rock is so hot, that it is soft. In some places it even melts. The melted rock is called magma. Sometimes the magma breaks out to the surface through cracks(爆裂声)in the crust. These cracks are volcanoes.Most people think of mountains when they think of volcanoes. But not every mountain is a volcano. A volcano is simply the opening in the earth from which the magma escapes. The hot magma, or lava as it is called, cols and builds up on the surface of the earth. Over thousands of years, this pile of cooled lava can grow to be very, very big. For example, the highest mountain in Africa, Kilimanjaro, is a volcano. It towers more than 16,000 feet above the ground around it.1.The underlined word“erupts”means .A. moves downB. breaks awayC. builds upD. suddenly throws out lava2.Which words in the passage have the same meaning as “melted rock”?A.“Volcano”and“explode”.B.“Crust”and“hard rock”C.“magma”and“lava”D.“Volcano”and“magma”3.Which is the correct order of the layers of the earth(beginning with the top layer)?A. crust-hard rock-magma-soft rockB. crust-hard rock- soft rock-magmaC. magma-soft rock- hard rock-crustD. volcano-cracks-magma-crust4.The best title(标题) of the passage should be u.A. The VolcanoB. Kilimanjaro VolcanoC. The MountainsD. The Melted RockKEY: DCBA高考英语阅读训练（008）WHERE TO STAY IN BOSWELL YOUR GUIDE TO OUR BEST HOTELName/AddressNo. of RoomsSingleDoubleSpecial Attractions FIRST HOTEL 222 Edward RoadTel.414-6433120＄25＄35Air-conditioned rooms,French restaurant,Night club,Swimming-pool, Shops,Coffee shop and bar,Telephone, radio andTV in each room,Close to the city centerFAIRVIEW HOTEL129 North RoadTel.591-562050＄12＄18Close to the air-port, Telephone In each room, Bar, Restaurant,Garage, Swimming-poolORCHARD HOTEL233 Edward RoadTel.641-6646120＄15＄20Facing First hotel,European restaurant,Coffee shop, Dry-cleaning,Shops, tv, night-clubOSAKA HOTEL1264 Venning RoadTel.643-820180＄30＄50Air-Conditioned rooms,Japanese andChinese restaurants, Shops,Swimming-pool, Large garden1.The number of the rooms in the best hotels in Boswell is .A. 120B. 470C. 450D. 2402.If a Japanese traveler likes to eat in French restaurant, is the right place for him to go to.A. 233 Edward RoadB. 1264 Venning RoadC. 222 Edward RoadD. 129 North Road3.Which hotel faces the Orchard hotel?A. The First hotel.B. The Osaka hotel.C. The Fairview Hotel.D. No hotel.KEY: BCA高考英语阅读训练（009）When I asked my daughter which item she would keep; the phone, the car, the cooker, the computer, the TV, or her boyfriend, she said“the phone”. Personally, I could do without the phone entirely, which makes me unusual. Because the telephone is changing our lives more than any other piece of technology.Point 1 The telephone creates the need to communicate, in the same way that more roads create more traffic. My daughter comes home from school at 4:00 pm and then spends an hour on the phone talking to the very people she has been at school with all day. If the phone did not exist, would she have anything to talk about?Point 2 The mobile phone means that we are never alone. “The mobile saved my life,”says Crystal Johnstone. She had an accident in her Volvo on the A45 between Otley and Skipton. Trapped inside, she managed to make the call that brought the ambulance(救护车) to her rescue.Point 3 The mobile removes our secret. It allows marketing manager of Haba Deutsch, Carl Nicolaisen, to ring his sales staff all round the world at and time of day to ask where they are , where they are going, and how their last meeting went.Point 4 The telephone separates us. Antonella Bramante in Rome says, “We worked in separate offices but I could see him through the window. It was easy to get his number. We were so near——but we didn’t meet for the first two weeks!”Point 5 The telephone allows us to reach out beyond our own lives. Today we can talk to several complete strangers simultaneously ( 同时地) on chat lines (at least my daughter does.I wouldn’t know what to talk about). We can talk across the world. We can even talk to astronauts (if you know any) while they’re space-walking. And, with the phone line hooked up to the computer, we can access(存取) the Internet, the biggest library on Earth.1.How do you understand‘Point 1 —The telephone creates the need to communicate,6…’？A. People don’t communicate without telephone.B. People communicate because of the creating of the telephone.C. People communicate more since telephone has been created.D. People communicate more because of more traffic.2.Which of the following best shows people’s attitude towards mobile phones?A. Mobile phones help people deal with the emergency.B. Mobile phones bring convenience as well little secret to people.C. Mobile phones are so important and should be encouraged.D. Mobile phones are part of people’s life.3. Which points do you think support the idea that phones improve people’s life?a. Point 1.b. Point2.c. Point3.d. Point 4.e. Point 5.A. c, dB. a, eC. a, cD. b, e4.It is possible to talk to several complete strangers simultaneously through .A. the TV screenB. a fax machineC. the phone line hooked up to the computerD. a microphone5.The best heading for the passage is .A. phone PowerB. Kinds of PhoneC. how to Use PhonesD. Advantage of PhonesKEY: 1–5 CBDCA高考英语阅读训练（010）“It hurts me more than you”, and “This is for your own good”—these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy for us. They taught that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation.Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing we’ve made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Klompus who says of her students—“so passive”—and wonders what has happened. Nothing is demanded of them, she believes. Television, says Klompus, contributes to children’ s passivity. “We’ re talking about a g eneration of kids who’ ve never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them, instead of saying ‘go and look it up’, you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid.”Yes, it does. It takes energy and it takes work. It’ s time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. It’ s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it’ s for their own good. It’s s time to start telling them no again.1.Children are becoming more inactive in study because .A. they watch TV too oftenB. they have done too much homeworkC. they have to fulfil too many dutiesD. teachers are too strict with them2.We learn from the passage that the author’s mother used to lay emphasis on .A. learning LatinB. disciplineC. natural developmentD. education at school3.By“permissive period in education”(L.1,Para.2)the author means a time .A. when children are allowed to do what they wish toB. when everything can be taught at schoolC. when every child can be educatedD. when children are permitted to receive education4. The main idea of the passage is that .A. parents should leave their children aloneB. kids should have more activities at schoolC. it’s time to b e more strict with our kidsD. parents should always set a good example to their kids KEY: 1- 4ABAC高考英语阅读理解训练100篇(11－20)|高考英语阅读训练（011）The greatest recent changes have ,been in the lives of women ,During the twentieth century there was an unusual s hortening of the time of a woman’s life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the 19th century would probably have been in her middle twenties ,and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old ,By the time the youngest was fifteen ,the mother would have been id her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years ,during which custom ,chance and health made it unusual for her to get paid work, Today womenmarry younger and have fewer children Usually a woman ‘s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty－five and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty Even while she has the care of children ,her work is lightened by household appliances （家用电器）and convenience foods.This important change in women’s way of life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’ s economic position Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity and most of them took a full－time job However ,when they married ,they usually left work at once and never returned to it ,Today the school－leaving age is sixteen ,many girls stay at school after that age ,and though women tend to marry younger ,more married women stay at work at leas until shortly before their first child is born Very many more after wads ,return to full or part-time work Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage ,with both husband and wife accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfaction of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more e-qually in providing the money and running the home ,according to the abilities and inter-est of each them.1．According to the passage ,around the year1990 most women marriedA．at about twenty-fiveB．In their early fiftiesC．as soon as possible after they were fifteenD．at any age from fifteen to forty－five2．We are told that in an average family about1990 . A．many children died before they were fiveB．the youngest child would be fifteenC．seven of eight children lived to be more than five D．four of five children died when they were five. 3．When she was over fifty ,the late 19th century mother . A．would expect to work until she diedB．was usually expected to take up paid employment C．would he healthy enough to take up paid employment. D．was unlikely to find a job even if she now likely. 4．Many girls ,the passage says ,are now likely to . A．marry so that they can get a jobB．Leave school as soon as they canC．give up their jobs for good after they are married。
英语专业考研基础英语阅读理解高分特训100篇(补全文章 上)【圣才出品】
英语专业考研基础英语阅读理解高分特训100篇补全文章上◇文学传记类Passage73题材：文学传记类字数：523You have probably heard of ghost towns.They are complete cities that were once lived in,but now are deserted.You find them mainly in the western United States,where they sprang up during the gold rush days.(1)___________I visited one recently on my summer vacation to Italy.It was the old Roman town of Pompeii that disappeared after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, a nearby volcano.The eruption covered the town completely with hot ashes and ciders,turning it into an everlasting city of stone within a few hours.(2)___________But the people were not concerned because,as far as they knew, Mount Vesuvius was just an ordinary mountain.However,on what happend to be a regular summer day in A.D.79,the grand began to tremble,and there was an enormous cracking sound.The top of Vesuvius blew off!A huge cloud of dust and ash came pouring out.The cloud hid the sun,and it became as dark as night.Tiny,hot pebbles began to fall on Pompeii.Then a horrible smell like rotten eggs filled the air.It was the fumes of a poisonous gas.Some people tried to escape by sea.The Roman writerPliny,whose letters describing the eruption later led to the discovery of Pompeii, managed to get his mother to safety.But the majority of people were trapped.About2,000people out of a possible20,000have been discovered in excavations of Pompeii,the molds of their bodies preserved forever in the hardened ash.Now they can be seen as they were on that day,for plaster casts have been made of them,depicting every detail down to the agony and despair on their faces.(3)___________By this time Pompeii had been buried for so long that it had been forgotten,and a new town had been built on top of it.However,people started to dig up remains of walls and buildings,while at the same time Pliny's letters about the eruption were being read.Finally a stone with"Pompeii"written on it was found, and the excavation began in earnest.I saw about three-fourths of Pompeii that had been uncovered.It was amazing to think that I was looking at the very buildings that these people had lived in,and I was walking along the very streets they had run down in the hopes of escaping the hot ashes and pebbles.It was a strange feeling.(4)___________The streets were well surfaced,and many of the buildings were intact.There were stores which once sold silver,shoes,and wine.I noticed that the better houses contained windows,indoor plumbing,cisterns,taps,steam baths, central heating,and drainage system--all almost as modern as my house back in the United States!Pictures still remained,painted on the walls.Even the election slogans and graffiti were there,revealing the feelings and hopes of thetownspeople.(5)___________There were theaters,shopping malls,temples,and even public baths which reminded me of our health clubs and gyms.I was struck by how modern everything seemed,yet,at the same time,I felt that I was walking years back into history.Choose from the sentences A-G,the one which best fits each gap of1-5.There are extra sentences which you do not need to use.[A]The excavations began in the1700s.[B]Visiting Pompeii was an incredible experience.[C]There are,however,much older ghost towns than the former mining towns.[D]Mount Vesuvius had made rumbling noises when an earthquake damaged the city.[E]I could almost see the people going about their business,for the lava hadpreserved everything exactly as it was on the day the volcano erupted.[F]One can imagine the scene:everyone creaming,running and shouting,andcoming out of their houses and stores with horror.[G]Remains of the other buildings showed me that the Romans had alsodiscovered many other conveniences and forms of entertainment that we enjoy.1.C根据上下文可知此处谈论的是ghost towns，只有C项与之相关，填入文章后，衔接得当，故答案为C项。
英语专业考研基础英语阅读理解高分特训100篇(阅读理解技巧指南)【圣才出品】
英语专业考研基础英语阅读理解高分特训100篇第1章阅读理解技巧指南对于绝大多数报考英语专业的考生而言，“基础英语”是全国各院校英语专业研究生入学考试必考的科目。
一般来说，报考英语专业研究生的考核科目为：政治（分值100分）、第二外语（分值100分）、基础英语（分值150分）以及专业课（包括英美文学、语言学与应用语言学、翻译理论及实践等）（分值150分）。
需要说明的是，有些院校对此科目的考试名称有所不同：例如北京大学称之为“专业能力”，上海外国语大学称之为“英语综合”，北京外国语大学称之为“英语基础测试（技能）”，上海交通大学、广东外语外贸大学等称之为“英语水平考试”，四川大学称之为“英语专业基础”，山东大学称之为“实践英语”。
上述院校的科目名称和大多数院校所用的“基础英语”名称虽有差别，但实质是一样的，都是由各学校自主命题、考核英语专业考生基本功底的考试科目。
1.1考核要求和出题形式1．基础英语阅读理解部分考核要求对于“基础英语”，全国各大院校自主命题，而且各院校的考核要求水平也有差异，所以没有相应的考试大纲来说明其考核要求。
但国内大部分院校在命题时都会把1999年教育部批准实施的《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》作为指导标准，因此，这个大纲仍能反映目前高校对英语专业学生基本功的大体要求。
其对阅读理解部分的要求如下：阅读方面，能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评、英语国家出版的有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品；能分析上述题材文章的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法。
能在5分钟内速读1600词左右的文章，掌握文章的主旨和大意，理解事实和细节。
2．试题类型和出题形式阅读理解题考查的范围很大，其考核的内容主要包括：能理解所读材料的主旨大意，分辨出其中的事实和细节；能理解字面意义和隐含意义；能根据所读材料进行判断和推理；能分析所读材料的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法。
具体的出题形式有以下几种：①要求考生阅读若干篇短文，每篇短文后有若干个问题。
鲁东大学《大学英语(四)含作文》期末复习题
大学英语（四）（A）一、单选题1.The knife you are cutting the bread with is _____ stainless steel.A. made byB. made ofC. made fromD. made in参考答案：B2.When we were having a meeting, the director _____ the bad news by telephone.A. was tellingB. was toldC. could tellD. would tell参考答案：B3.I don’t want you to make any trouble, _____, I urge you to solve the problem.A. thusB. consequentlyC. on the contraryD. just as参考答案：C4.Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village _____ he belonged.A. whichB. to whichC. to whereD. at which参考答案：Bst week I bought a flat _____ biggest room faced south.A. thatB. whoseC. whichD. where参考答案：B6.The reason I didn't attend the lecture was simply（）I got a bad cold that day. A. becauseB. asC. thatD. for参考答案：C7._____ they are doing has never been done before.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhyD. Whether参考答案：B8.This is the problem _____ we have no good solution as yet.A. to thatB. whichC. for whichD. to which参考答案：D9.We are told that it is _____ we are born that decides our nationality.A. somewhereB. the countryC. anywhereD. where参考答案：D10.I don’t know why he _____ in the middle of a sentence.A. broke awayB. broke outC. broke throughD. broke off参考答案：D11.I will never forget the time _____ we both stayed in the little village.A. whenB. during whichC. in whichD. which参考答案：A12.My parents are not interested in modern music. They are _____ the times.A. beforeB. behindC. afterD. low参考答案：B13.This period of（）from teaching is called a "sabbatical leave". A. awayB. freedomC. farD. leave参考答案：B14.If you want to learn something, you had better pay _____ in class.A. careB. respectC. attentionD. notion参考答案：C15.Public schools in the United States are（）the control of the individual statesA. overB. underC. inD. at参考答案：B二、阅读理解1.Nowadays there are more and more ways of going on holiday. More and more people go abroad every year. Some people even go on two or three holidays a year. There are two types of holidaymakers. The first kind always flocks to seaside resorts when they go on holiday. Their one and only aim is to have a good time by sunbathing and putting their feet up. They are not a bit interested in local specialties. At mealtimes, if they can get a plate of British "fish and chips"(“炸鱼加土豆条”) they're more than happy! They spend their days in the sunshine and their evenings getting drunk, then sleep soundly. If this sort of person forgets to pack the suntan oil, he or she will undoubtedly come home as red as a lobster.The other type of holidaymakers goes to every country to increase their knowledge of foreign lands. They make use of the chance to travel to improve their world knowledge. For them, going on holiday is educational. Consequently, this sort of travelers will move from place to place every few days. If they visit lots of places m a short span of time, there is no way that they can get a proper feel of a place or fully appreciate the local food and wine."Whichever type of holiday chosen, everybody has the same aim: to put their work to the back of their minds, have as much fun as possible and come home happy and relaxed.(1)(2分)The aim of the first type of holidaymaker is（）. A. to enjoy themselvesB. to enjoy good foodC. to swim in the seaD. to seek sunshine参考答案：A(2)(2分)Why does the second sort of holidaymakers keep on moving from place ?A. They want to compare foods of different countries..B. They don't have specialinterest in one particular country. C. They want to see more of the outside worldD. They want to ensure that traveling is educational.参考答案：C(3)(2分)If a person visits too many places in a short time, （）. A. he will have a better knowledge of other civilizationsB. he will be able to enjoy various foods in different placesC. he will make more friends all over the worldD. he won't get a true impression of any place参考答案：D(4)(2分)One thing is common for all holidaymakers. That is （）. A. they want to increase their knowledgeB. they want to relax themselvesC. they want to stay away from their homesD. they want to forget something unpleasant参考答案：B(5)(2分)Which may be the best title for this passage?A. How to Spend Your Holidays?B. Make Full Use of Your Spare TimeC. Two Types of Holidaymakers.D. Forget Your Work for Some Days.参考答案：C2.How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.Youth is a time when there are few tasks to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved whatever he may do. It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child—things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well known. But a child has his pains: he is not so free to do what he wishes to do, he is continually being told not to do things, or being punished for what he has done wrong.When the young manstarts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the law of his parents, he may go to prison. If, however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.(1)(2分)People can experience happiness if they（）. A. always think of the past and regret itB. value the presentC. become old and have much experienceD. are no longer young参考答案：B(2)(2分)When people were young, they used to（）A. be in charge of many businessesB. have few things to think about and take onC. look after their younger sisters and brothersD. face a lot of difficulties参考答案：B(3)(2分)The pains of children lie in the fact that（）. A. no one helps them make right decisionsB. they are often beaten by their parentsC. they can not be accepted and praised by othersD. they are not allowed to do what they like to do参考答案：D(4)(2分)Children are usually happy because（）. A. old people lost interest in themB. they are free to do wrongC. they are familiar with everything going on around themD. things are new to them参考答案：D(5)(2分)Which of the following is NOT needed for a young man to be happy?A. Hard workB. Being free from troublesC. WealthD. Health参考答案：C三、翻译题1.(5分)They dwell in the country but work in the city.参考答案：他们住在乡下，但在城里工作。
高考英语二轮复习限时训练社会生活型阅读理解2
语鹅市安置阳光实验学校专题限时训练(三十) [社会生活型阅读理解(二)](限时：25分钟)(一)Someday a stranger will read your email without your permission or scan the websites you’ve visited.Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact，it’s likely some of these things have already happened to you.Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a girlfriend，a marketing company, a boss，a policeman or a criminal.Whoever it is，they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen—the 21st century equal to being caught naked(裸露的)．Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, though it’s important to reveal(透露)yourself to friends，family and lovers in stages，at appropriate times.Actually few boundaries remain.The digital breadcrumbs(面包屑)you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are，where you are and what you like.In some cases，a simple Google search can reveal what you think.Like it or not，increasinglywe_live_in_a_world_where_you_simply_cannot_keep_a_secret. The key question is：Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is “no”．When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it.A survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is slipping away, and that bothers them.( )2 .What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?A．There should be a distance even between friends.B．There should be fewer quarrels between friends.C．Friends should always be faithful to each other.D．Friends should open their hearts to each other.( )3.Why does the author say“we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret”？A．There are always people who are curious about others’ affairs.B．Many search engines profit by revealing people’s identities.C．People leave traces around when using modern technology.D．Modern society has finally developed into an open society.( )4.What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?A．They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.B．They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.C．They rely more and more on electronic equipment.D．They use various loyalty cards for business deals.( )5.According to the passage，privacy is like health in that ________.A．its importance is rarely understoodB．it is something that can easily be lostC．people will make every effort to keep itD．people don’t treasure it until they lose it(二)Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships.One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances.Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles(困难)．People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties.Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off(挡开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.Social support cushions stress in a number of ways.First, friends, relatives, and coworkers may let us know that they value us.Ourselfrespect is strengthened when we feel accepted by other despite our faults and difficulties.Second, other people often provide us with informational support.They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive.Engaging in leisuretime activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting(转移……注意力) us from our worries and troubles.Finally, other people may give usinstructive support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.( )1.Interpersonal relationships are important because________.A．they are indispensable(不可缺少的) to people’s social wellbeing B．they awaken people’s desire to exchange resourcesC．they help people to cope with life in the information ageD．they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc.( )2.Research shows that people’s physical and mentalhealth________.A．relies on the social welfare system which support themB．has much to so with the amount of support they get from others C．depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles D．is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives( )3.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “cushions”(Line 1，para.2) ?A．Adds up to.B．Does away with.C．Lessens the effect of.D．Lays the foundation of.( )4.Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of________.A．informational supportB．instructive supportC．social companionshipD．the strengthening of selfrespect( )5.Social companionship is beneficial in that ________.A．it helps strengthen our ties with relativesB．it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakesC．it makes our leisuretime activities more enjoyableD．it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles(三)Some years ago industries had more freedom than they have now，and they did not need to be as careful as they must today.They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed.They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safetyof the people who worked for them.Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them；often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.Of course sometimes there were real disasters(灾难) which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the need for changes.Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore.At such times, there were inquiries into the causes of the disasters or the problems.New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries；however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers.In the U．S., for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems.It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow.Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell.A third department looks at the places where people work，and then reports any companies that are breaking the laws which protect the health and safety of workers.Of course，new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness，but they are having some good results.Our work places are safer and cleaner than before.The planes and cars which we use for travel are better.Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the people who buy and use their products.( )1.The main topic of the passage is________.A．conditions in the work placeB．the freedom of industries in the pastC．changes in industrial productionD．the safety and health of workers and customers( )2.It can be inferred from the passage that in the past________.A．workers often got ill because of the poor working conditions B．companies were free to put out any products they wanted toC．many people were killed by dangerous productsD．industries were as careful in management as they are today( )3.It is implied in the passage that________.A．governments and companies had different opinions about the safety of productsB．governments paid little attention to the safety of productsC．government officials often did not listen to scientistsD．in the past no safety laws were introduced by governments( )4.Some years ago safety rules________.A．were put forward due to scientists’ recommendationsB．came into being as a result of the workers’ demandsC．were introduced because quite a number of people were killed or seriously injuredD．were effective enough to protect workers and customers( )5.The special departments protect customers and workers in many ways EXCEPT by________.A．testing new productsB．controlling the sale of productsC．designing new productsD．inspecting work places专题限时训练(三十)(一)1.D 推理判断题。
高考英语抓分训练 社会生活型阅读理解2
毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校2014高考英语抓分训练：社会生活型阅读理解(二)(限时：25分钟)AIncreased use of the Internet and mobile phones is undermining pupils' capacity for independent study and promoting poor grammar.Cranfield School of Management found almost 6 in 10 schoolchildren were copying information directly from websites for homework tasks without properly reading it.More than a quarter thought it was an acceptable practice, even though they know it was considered plagiarism (剽窃)．The study, based on a sample of around 260 pupils aged from 11 to 18 at a secondary school in the Midlands, raised fresh concerns that modern technology was having a destructive effect on young people.Andrew Kakabadse, Professor of International Management Development at Cranfield, said, “Our research s hows that technology obsession prevents spelling skills, encourages plagiarism, and disturbs classroom learning.“Despite school policies restricting mobile phone usage, students use the phone frequently, with the majority making calls from the toilets. The mobile phone continues to be a main channel of social communication during the school day.”The report revealed that socalled “textspeak” was increasingly finding it was into pupils' school work.3 in 10 students admit to using text message shortcuts, such as “r u ok” in essays and classroom tasks.It followed a study earlier this year that found almost half of teachers failed to understand some pupils' writing because it was so full of confusing language. Phrases such as “innit” and “Gr8” were regularly found in school work.The Cranfield study found that mobile use was so common that many pupils chose to ignore school rules on phones.More than a third said they would use their phones in class, while nearly three quarters said they would not even make an excuse to leave class to answer a phone call.1. The underlined word “undermining” in the first paragraph can best be replaced by “________”．A．determiningB．keepingC．weakeningD．increasing2. It can be inferred from what Kakabadse said that ________．A．he is in favour of students' mobile phone usage at schoolB．he believes schools are responsible for technology obsessionC．the research finds a new way to improve school managementD．it is hard to limit students' mobile phone usage at school3. What can we learn from the passage?A．Most students' writing skills are becoming worse.B．Text message language may affect pupils' language skills.C．Students like to invent new words in their writing.D．30% of pupils often send text messages when studying.4. The passage is mainly about ________．A．the negative effect of technology on students' studyB．technology's positive influence on students' achievementC．the importance of online social communicationD．the rapidly growing role of communication technologies5. What's the attitude of the author to the problem?A．Optimistic.B．Approving.C．Anxious.D．Tolerant.BAn “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. It is not exactly a bribe(贿赂), but is close to it.All sorts of people are “apple polishers”， including politicians and people in high offices—just about everybody. Oliver Cromwell, the great English leader, offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party, but failed.There are other phrases meaning the same thing as “applepolishing”—“s oftsoaping” or “butteringup”. A gift is just one way to “softsoap” somebody, or to “butter him up”. Another that is just as effective is flattery, giving someone high praise—telling him how good he looks, or how well he speaks, or how talented and wise he is.Endless are the ways of flattery. Who does not love to hear it? Only an unusual man can resist the thrill of being told how wonderful he is. In truth, flattery is good medicine for most of us, who get so little of it.We need it to be more sure of ourselves. It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it. But if we just lap it up for its good value and nourishment, as a cat laps up milk, then we can still remain true to ourselves.Sometimes, however, flattery will get you nothing from one who has had too much of it. A good example is the famous 12th century legend of King Canute of Denmark and England. The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣). They overpraised him to the skies, as a man of limitless power.He decided to teach them a lesson. He took them to the seashore and sat down. Then he ordered the waves to stop coming in. The tide was toobusy to listen to him. The king was satisfied. This might show his followers how weak his power was and how empty their flattery was.1. Which of the following activities has nothing to do with “apple polishing”？A．A boy tells his girlfriend how pretty she looks.B．An employee tells her boss how good he is at management.C．A knight is said to be of limitless power by his followers.D．A teacher praises her students for their talent and wisdom.2. What does the writer want to prove with Cromwell's example?A．Everybody can be an “applepolisher”．B．Cromwell was not a good “applepolisher”．C．George Fox and his party were not “applepolishers”．D．There are people who don't like being “applepolished”．3. Which of the following statements about flattery is TRUE according to the author?A．Too much flattery can carry us away.B．Flattery is too empty to do people any good.C．Flattery can get you nothing but excessive(过度的) pride.D．Flattery is one of the ways to applepolish people.4. Why did King Canute of Denmark and England take his followers to the seashore?A．Because he was sick of his normal life.B．Because he disliked being overpraised any more.C．Because he wanted them to realize how wise he was.D．Because he wanted them to see how weak he was as a king.5. Who does the author think that flattery can do good to?A．Those who are politicians or in high offices.B．Those who lack confidence.C．Those who are really excellent.D．Those who think highly of themselves.COver 70 per cent of the “dou ble singlechild couples” in China need help from their parents in taking care of their own kids, according to a recent survey.Women of China magazine and a consulting company carried out a survey recently on young couples of the “singlechild” generation, the Morning Post reports. The couples surveyed were around 29 and have been married for three years on average, with university education and monthly income of 4，000 yuan ($531). Among them, 43.5 per cent have kids.Results show that 71.9 per cent of the young couples have help from their parents in taking care of their kids.Grown up as the “singlechild”， the only child in a family since the family planning policy which was adopted in 1979, this generation depends much on their parents.The parent s of the “singlechild” generation focused more on their child ren's physical wellbeing rather than their attitudes and values, according to some psychologists.The research also found that the “double singlechild couples”follow a rather traditional value system.Survey shows that 27.5 per cent of them got married after dating for one to two years, 25.2 per cent two to five years, and 20 per cent didn't tie the knot until dating for five years. Also, 30 per cent of the couples were schoolmates, while 43.8 per cent were introduced by someone.Since their marriage is based on enduring relationships, 65.2 per cent of the husbands and 62.9 per cent of the wives think that compromise(妥协)and tolerance(宽容) are necessary in their marriage. Meanwhile, 21.7 per cent of the husbands and 37.1 per cent of the wives support the idea that happiness is the key standard for a marriage.1. The best title for the passage should be “________”．A．Mum and Dad, take care of my kid pleaseB．Double singlechild couplesC．The problem of the single childD．A recent survey by Women of China2. Which of the following is NOT supported by the passage?A．The majority of the “double singlechild couples” in China depend much on their parents.B．The parents of the “singlechild” generation cared more about their study and education.C．Onefifth of the couples surveyed didn't get married until dating for five years.D．All the couples surveyed have university education and 30 per cent of them were schoolmates.3. Which of the following descriptions about “double singlechild couples” is TRUE?A．They are single children in either family and they are independent on their parents.B．They are single children in either family and they are dependent on their parents.C．They have at least two children and can afford to support themselves.D．They, who were introduced by someone, follow a rather traditional value system.4. The traditional value system mentioned in the passage refers that________．A．parents are concerned about their children's physical life as well as the spiritual lifeB．most couples were introduced by someone and made dating for a long timeC．once begun, “double singlechild couples” marriage will last foreverD．the couples think that compromise and tolerance are necessary in their marriage5. According to the passage, we can learn that ________ is necessary in a marriage.A．wealthB．healthC．understandingD．educationA【要点综述】使用互联网和手机的学生越来越多了。
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2.5 社会生活类Passage 1Strikes and demonstrations in Germany, Britain and France helped to make the shorter working week a union priority. Employers gave way because in Germany sweating capital investment had traditionally been the way German managers sustained high productivity.In Britain, there was a certain cynicism in agreeing to a reduced working week as British workers have always opted for extensive overtime to make up low basic wages. A nominal 35-hour week merely allowed more overtime.Working with union leaders such as Ron Todd and Bill Jordan in Britain and Hans Mayr, the wily IG Metall leader, in Germany, I found that there was one big gap in the movement for a 35-hour week. The Swedish union movement refused categorically to join the campaign.Given that in the 1980s—as today—95% of the Swedish workforce is unionized, the absence of the Swedish metalworkers’ union lef t a large hole in the European campaign. The Swedish thought that focusing on nominal weekly working hours was fatuous.The Swedish metal union believed that the distribution of working time should focus on annual holidays, family leave and on rigidly enforced limits on overtime that would be unacceptable to any self-respecting British shop steward. For the Swedish unions, working hours should help support Volvo, Saab, Electrolux andother companies faced with the growing challenge of globalization.To prescribe a rigid working week as the solution to European labor market problems just did not make sense to the calm, consensual approach that had allowed Swedish capitalism to flourish while delivering the best version of “social Europe” on offer in the conti nent.At the time, it appeared frustrating to see this breach in solidarity. But today, the Swedish refusal to make a totem out of the 35-hour week appears more than justified. Sweden has maintained both full employment and record levels of trade union membership. By contrast, in Germany and France, where the 35-hour week was introduced, the continuing high level of unemployment and the lack of movement and energy in the labor market have contributed to the biggest slump in trade union membership ever seen in both countries.1. The reason why in the end the 35-hour week has been gotten through in Germany is that _____.A. facing vast s trikes and demonstrations, German managers couldn’t deny thelongstanding fact of overworking employees for high profits.B. German workers devoted themselves to striking and demonstrating against the former longer working week.C. the new working rule has been approved in most of European countries.D. the new working rule would definitely improve the rate of employment.2. In the second paragraph, what does “nominal” mean here?A. FormalB. RegularC. ArtificialD. Token3. In the 7th paragraph, what does “breach in solidarity” refer to?A. “Social Europe”.B. Prosperity in Sweden.C. Swedish noninvolvement.D. The 35-hour week.4. What is the author’s attitude towards the 35-hour week?A. NeutralB. SupportingC. SuspiciousD. Pessimistic5. Which statement is true according to the passage?A. Swedish workers hardly dissented from its government in its working weekproblem.B. Until today there have been 95% of the Swedish metalworkers that areunionized.C. Those British managers who have self-respects are considered to oppose arigid enforcement of limits on overtime.D. Under the challenge of globalization, some major Swedish companies haveturned to annual holidays and family leave for help.「文章大意」本文主要围绕工人罢工和游行是否真正争取到了权利展开论述。
德国工人罢工游行，获得成功。
在英国，罢工争取来的却是有名无实的工作时间的缩短，因为加班的时间增多了。
而瑞典的工会拒绝介入罢工之中，因为他们认为争取的重点应该在年假和家庭假期上，这使得瑞典的经济繁荣，也减少了一些问题。
由此看来，瑞典没有进行争取每周35小时的工作时间很明智。
答案详解1.A 解析根据文章开头第一句“Strikes and demonstrations in Germany, Britain andFrance helped to make the shorter working week a union priority.”可知工人为争取“the shorter working week”罢工游行，并且获得成功。
紧接着第二句补充说明Employers gave way 是因为在德国sweating capital investment had traditionally been the way German managers sustained high productivity．”其中，“sweating”在此处含义为“to overwork and underpay (employees)”。
所以本题应选A。
2.D 解析根据原文A nominal 35-hour week merely allowed more overtime推断可知nominal在这里的意思是“名义上的，有名无实的”。
token的意思是“象征性的；表面的”与nominal意思相近，所以本题的正确答案为D。
3.C 解析紧接breach in solidarity后的一句But today，the Swedish refusal to make atotem out of the 35-hour w eek…给出了答案，选项C中的Swedish noninvolvement与对应该剧中的Swedish refusal to…所以本题的正确答案为选C。
4.C 解析阅读全文可知作者对the 35-hour week持怀疑态度，这可以从作者在谈论瑞典时所用的“flourish”，“justified”，“full employment”等词判断，所以本题应选C。