HEALTH REPORT - Surgeon General Says Secondhand Smoke Unsafe at Any Level
抽烟的相关事件作文英语
Smoking has been a topic of discussion for many years,with various events and incidents highlighting its impact on society.Here are some related events and their implications:1.The Surgeon Generals Report1964:This was a landmark event that linked smoking to health hazards,including lung cancer and heart disease.The report led to increased awareness and the eventual introduction of warning labels on cigarette packages.2.Ban on Tobacco Advertising1970s:The United States banned cigarette advertising on television and radio in1970.This was a significant event as it limited the exposure of tobacco products to the public,especially children and young adults.3.World No Tobacco Day1987:Established by the World Health Organization,this annual event on May31st aims to raise awareness about the dangers of tobacco use and advocate for effective policies to reduce tobacco consumption.4.The Master Settlement Agreement1998:This was a legal agreement between the U.S. states and the major tobacco companies.It led to significant financial settlements and restrictions on tobacco marketing,including a ban on billboard advertising.5.SmokeFree Legislation Various Years:Many countries and states have implemented laws to create smokefree environments in public places,workplaces,and restaurants. These laws have been crucial in reducing secondhand smoke exposure and encouraging smokers to quit.6.Graphic Warning Labels2001:Canada was the first country to introduce graphic warning labels on cigarette packages,depicting the harmful effects of smoking.This has since been adopted by many other countries to shock and educate smokers about the risks.7.ECigarette Explosion2019:The rise of ecigarettes and vaping has brought new challenges to tobacco control.The U.S.experienced a lung injury outbreak related to ecigarette use,or vaping,which highlighted the potential risks of these products.8.COVID19Pandemic and Smoking2020:The pandemic has brought to light the potential increased risk of severe COVID19outcomes for smokers due to the adverse effects of smoking on lung health and the immune system.9.Tobacco Industry Litigation:There have been numerous lawsuits against tobacco companies for their deceptive marketing practices and the harm caused by their products. These legal battles have resulted in significant financial penalties and increasedtransparency requirements.10.Youth Smoking Prevention Programs:Various educational and awareness programs have been implemented worldwide to prevent youth from starting to smoke.These initiatives often involve schoolbased education,community outreach,and media campaigns.Each of these events has contributed to the ongoing narrative about smoking,its effects on health,and the efforts to reduce its prevalence.As society continues to grapple with the consequences of tobacco use,these events serve as reminders of the importance of tobacco control policies and public health initiatives.。
HEALTH REPORT - WHO Chief Says World Faces Three Growing Threats
By Caty Weaver / Broadcast date: Wednesday, May 21, 2008ish/ This is the VOA Special English Health Report. A yearly meeting of all the member countries in the World Health Organization is this week in Geneva, Switzerland. Delegates from the one hundred ninety-three countries discuss progress and set policy for the coming year. The W.H.O., a United Nations agency, is sixty years old this year. But Director-General Margaret Chan, as she opened the World Health Assembly, noted that the delegates are meeting at a time of tragedy. She expressed sympathy to the millions of people affected by the recent cyclone in Burma, also known as Myanmar, and the earthquake in China. Doctor Chan said three crises lie ahead that are international security threats and will all affect human health. One is food security, another is climate change and the third is the threat Margaret Chan of a worldwide outbreak of influenza. She said the world produces enough food to feed everyone -- in fact, she added, far too many people are overfed. Yet now, food prices have risen sharply. She noted that the crisis hits the poor the hardest, and that the more a family spends on food, the less it has for health care. The W.H.O. chief said climate change will also hit the poor the hardest but, to a greater or lesser extent, will affect all countries. She said more droughts, floods and storms mean greater demands for humanitarian aid. And she warned it will mean a growing number of environmental refugees. And, thirdly, Doctor Chan warned of a continued threat of pandemic influenza. She said it would be very unwise for governments not to prepare. She urged delegates to support a W.H.O. resolution on the sharing of influenza viruses for research and to make vaccines widely available. The W.H.O. this week also released its World Health Statistics report for two thousand eight. Agency officials say fewer people are dying of infectious diseases. In more and more
山西省吕梁现代双语学校2024-2025学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题(含答案)
吕梁现代双语学校2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级9月月考英语试题考试时间：120分钟分值：150分第I卷（选择题）第一部分听力(共两节，满分30 分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题；每小题l．5 分，满分7．5 分)听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers doingA. Shopping.B. Having lunch.C. Cooking dishes.2. When does the performance startA. At 6 o’clock.B. At 7 o’clock.C. At 8 o’clock.3. Where are the speakersA. At a hospital.B. At a gym.C. At a school.4. What hasn’t been prepared for the emergenciesA. A flashlight.B. Towels.C. Water.5. What can be inferred about the womanA. She doesn’t know the man.B. She made a huge mistake.C. She is from New York.第二节(共15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。
health08-7
The Bloomberg professor noted that several studies have shown that a mothers hand washing can reduce the risk of diarrhea in young children. But he says this was one of the first to examine the effects of hand washing on the first month after birth.
And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by Caty Weaver. I'm Steve Ember.
7.9
Hand Washing by Birth Attendants, Mothers Saves Lives
A final version of the checklist is expected by the end of the year. Britain, Ireland and Jordan are among countries that have already announced plans to use it nationwide.
HEALTH REPORT - New Method to Find Alzheimer's Disease
HEALTH REPORT - New Method to Find Alzheimer ’s DiseaseBy Jerilyn WatsonBroadcast: February 4, 2004This is the VOA Special English Health Report. Alzheimer ’s disease usually appears late in life. In the United States alone, experts say about four million people have this brain disorder. Over time, it robs people oftheir memory and ability to think. There are no cures.Until now, Alzheimer's could be confirmed only by examining brain tissue afterdeath or by taking brain tissue from a living patient. Now, a new test offers hopethat Alzheimer ’s may be found earlier.Experts currently give written and spoken tests to help decide if a person has thedisease. They also use a process called magnetic resonance imaging to see the brainchanges that may mean Alzheimer ’s. Many patients already have been seriously affected by the time the disease shows up on these M-R-I ’s. Most of the materials believed linked to the disease are present on the image. They are called protein clumps.But the new test makes it possible to see the protein clumps before they could be found by M-R-I. The new test might identify the disease before a person shows signs of Alzheimer ’s. Treatment could begin earlier. Doctors could see if the treatment is helping. New or improved drugs may be developed.William Klunk of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pennsylvania helped invent the test. It calls for patients to receive a small amount of a radioactive molecule called Pittsburgh Compound B. It is administered through the blood.Doctor Klunk says it connects itself to proteins called amyloid plaques. These plaques exist in the brains of Alzheimer ’s patients. Doctors can see them with an examination called a PET scan. Proteins affected by Alzheimer ’s show as yellow and red.For years, Doctor Klunk and his team searched for a substance that could connect with the amyloid. Finally they found a material that can reach the brain through the blood. This Pittsburgh Compound B can color the amyloid. The finding led to a test of sixteen suspected Alzheimer ’s patients. The researchers say the test found amyloid in those patients. It also found small amounts in one of nine healthy people tested for comparison. Testing on more people is needed. The United States Food and Drug Administration currently is considering approval of the process.This VOA Special English Health Report was written by Jerilyn Watson.Email this article to a friendPrinter Friendly Version A computer picture of a brain affected byAlzheimer's disease.。
HEALTH REPORT - Adherence to Long-term Therapies Report
HEALTH REPORT - Adherence to Long-term Therapies ReportBy Nancy SteinbachBroadcast: August 20, 2003This is the VOA Special English Health Report.The World Health Organization says medical progress against disease will have noeffect if people fail to take their medicine. That may seem like common sense. But aW-H-O report says only about half of people in developed countries continue theirtreatments for serious medical conditions. Continuing treatment over a long periodof time is known as adherence. Adherence rates are even lower in developingcountries.The W-H-O released the report as part of an effort called the Adherence to Long-Term Therapies project. This project is a worldwide attempt to improve rates of treatment for sicknesses that last a long time.The report says more than fifty percent of all long-term diseases include mental disorders, H-I-V infection, tuberculosis and conditions that do not spread. These include cancer and heart disease. Experts say the percentage will rise to sixty-five percent of all the long-term diseases treated by two-thousand-twenty. Other long-term diseases discussed in the report include high blood pressure, depression, diabetes and asthma.The Adherence to Long-Term Therapies Project is the work of more than two-hundred-eighty scientists. They come from over forty countries. One goal of the project is to involve policy makers and health professionals in the search for better adherence rates. Another purpose is to support research about ways to improve adherence. Still another is to develop local programs to support patients.The W-H-O report says health care providers need training to judge a patient's ability to understand and continue with treatments. They need to give advice about how people can follow their treatments. And they need to examine the patient's progress at every chance.The report says patients need to be supported, not blamed. It says another way to improve adherence is to get the support of the patient's family and community. Research has shown that these are important influences on treatment.The W-H-O report says improving adherence to existing treatments may have better results than providing new medical technologies. It says better adherence is a low-cost way to improve the lives of people with long-term diseases.This VOA Special English Health Report was written by Nancy Steinbach.Email this article to a friendPrinter Friendly Version。
HEALTH REPORT - Scientists See Progress on a Dengue Vaccine
Doctor Edelman noted that in a severe outbreak this year in Brazil, so many people got sick that hospitals in Rio de Janeiro state had to close. The army set up field hospitals in April and doctors came from other areas to help treat patients. In Vietnam, health officials say patients have sometimes had to share hospital beds because of large numbers of cases. The W.H.O. says dengue is spreading to new areas and producing major outbreaks. Venezuela, for example, reported more than eighty thousand cases last year. These included more than six thousand cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Dengue victims sometimes develop bleeding. This is dengue hemorrhagic fever. The W.H.O. says it was first recognized in the nineteen fifties. Today it affects most Asian countries and is a leading cause of serious disease and death in children. Each year an estimated half-million people with dengue hemorrhagic fever require hospital treatment. The W.H.O. says about two and one-half percent die. But people are more likely to die if they do not get help. For now, the W.H.O. says the only way to prevent the spread of dengue fever is to fight the mosquitoes that carry it. And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm Steve Ember.
随着医疗水平的提高英语作文
随着医疗水平的提高英语作文The Evolution of Healthcare and Its Impact on Society.Healthcare has undergone transformative changes over the past few decades, marked by significant advancements in technology, research, and patient care. These advancements have not only improved the quality of life for millions but have also revolutionized the way we approach and manage health issues.One of the most significant impacts of improved medical technology has been the ability to diagnose diseases and conditions earlier and more accurately. Advanced imaging techniques, such as MRI and CT scans, allow doctors to visualize the interior of the body with unprecedented clarity. Genetic testing and sequencing have enabled us to understand the genetic basis of diseases, leading to more targeted and effective treatments. These diagnostic tools have significantly reduced the number of misdiagnoses and have led to better outcomes for patients.Another notable advancement is the field of surgery, where minimally invasive procedures have replaced many traditional, more invasive surgeries. Laparoscopic surgery, robotic-assisted surgery, and other techniques allow surgeons to operate with greater precision and less trauma to the patient's body. This has led to shorter recovery times, reduced hospital stays, and improved patient outcomes.The rise of telemedicine and remote patient monitoring has also been a game-changer in healthcare. With the help of technology, patients can now consult with doctors remotely, enabling access to care in remote areas and reducing the need for in-person visits. Remote monitoring devices, such as smartwatches and health trackers, allow doctors to monitor patients' health status in real-time, enabling timely interventions and adjustments to treatment plans.The improvement in medical education has also contributed to the overall advancement of healthcare.Medical schools and training programs now emphasize interdisciplinary approaches, encouraging doctors to collaborate with other specialists and disciplines to provide comprehensive care. This interdisciplinary approach has led to better patient outcomes, as doctors are able to consider a wide range of factors when diagnosing andtreating patients.The role of prevention and public health has also become increasingly important. With the help of advanced data analytics and tracking systems, healthcare providers can identify patterns and trends in diseases and conditions, enabling proactive measures to be taken to preventoutbreaks and epidemics. Vaccination programs, health education campaigns, and public health interventions have been critical in improving the overall health of communities and reducing the burden of chronic diseases.However, the advancements in healthcare have not been without their challenges. The cost of medical carecontinues to rise, posing a significant burden onindividuals and governments. The issue of access to careremains a challenge, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries. Disparities in healthcare access and outcomes based on race, gender, and socioeconomic status are also issues that need to be addressed.In conclusion, the improvement in healthcare has been transformative, leading to better outcomes, greater access, and a higher quality of life for millions. However, we must also acknowledge the challenges that remain and continue to work towards improving the system, making it more accessible, affordable, and equitable for all. As we move forward, it is crucial to stay vigilant and responsive to the evolving needs of society, ensuring that healthcare remains a cornerstone of human progress and well-being.。
2023-2024学年江苏省海安高级中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题
2023-2024学年江苏省海安高级中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题If you’re after a quick snap, if you’re out and about, here are a few brilliant instant cameras to choose from.Instax Mini 12Made by Fujifilm. the Instax Mini series of cameras is ideal for taking quick snaps and getting high-quality credited card sized photos. The Mini com with built-in flash, a close-up lens and selfie lens for talking those perfect shots. The camera comes in a range of bright colors, including sky blue and clay white.Polaroid GoFamous for their cameras, Polaroid still makes instant cameras in the modern day, with a classic look. The Go comes with autofocus as well as a self timer for effectively capturing the moment and producing quality Polaroid photographs for you to keep. It also comes in a range of funky colors, if all black or white isn’t your preference.Instax Mini EvoThe Mini Evo combined camera and printer is a compact device with a 28mm lens that’s capable of letting you review and edit photos before printing them. Also featured is a back 2.7-inch LCD screen for viewing what you’re shooting and the ability to print from your phone via Bluetooth.Instax Mini 40Coming just in a single but vintage black design, the Insax Mini 40 is a solid option for quick instant snaps, with a one-touch selfie mode and a more traditional looking camera, fixed with a 60mm lens. It’s also small enough to fit comfortably in your burn bag or pocket to take a quick snap if you’re out and about.1. What do Instax Mini 12 and Polaroid Go have in common?A．Both have selfie lens. B．Both have optional colors.C．Both are in small size. D．Both have a classic look2. If you wish to print photos in your smartphone through a camera, which model is suitable?A．Instax Mini 12. B．Polaroid Go.C．Instax Mini Evo. D．Instax Mini 403. What is the unique feature of Instax Mini 40?A．The built-in flash. B．The photo-editing function.C．The autofocus function. D．The single black design.I try to be a good father. Cook my kids good dishes, and take them to photo shoots. But compared with Dick Hoyt, I suck. Eighty-five times he’s pushed his disabled son, Rick, in marathons.This love story began in Winchester, Mass., 43 years ago, when Rick was strangled (缠住)by the umbilical cord（脐带）during birth, leaving him brain-damaged and unable to control his limbs (四肢). “He’ll be a vegetable（植物人）the rest of his life,” doctors told Dick and his wife, Judy, when Rick was nine months old. “Put him in an institution.” But t he Hoyts weren’t buying it. They noticed the way Rick’s eyes followed them around the room.When Rick was 11, they took him to the engineering department at Tufts University. Equipped with a computer, Rick was finally able to communicate. After a high school classmate was paralyzed（使瘫痪）in an accident, and the school organized a charity run for him, Rick said, “Dad, I want to do that.” How was Dick, a man who never ran more than a mile at a time, going to push his son five miles? Still, he tried. That day ch anged Rick’s life. “Dad,” he typed, “when we were running, it felt like I wasn’t disabled anymore!”That sentence changed Dick’s life. He became obsessed with giving Rick that feeling as often as he could. They even decided to try marathons. “No way,” Dick was told by a race official. They weren’t quite a single runner, and they weren’t quite a wheelchair competitor. For a few years, Dick and Rick joined the massive field and ran anyway. In 1983, they ran another marathon so fast that they made the qualifying time for the Boston Marathon the following year.Now they’ve done 212 triathlons and 85 marathons. “ My dad is the Father of the Century,” Rick typed.4. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?A．The Hoyts didn’t believe it was true.B．The Hoyts couldn’t afford any institution.C．The Hoyts couldn’t deal with the situation. D．The Hoyts had no money for their son’s treatment.5. What’s discussed in the third paragraph?A．Why Rick became paralyzed. B．How Rick started running.C．Why run ning changed Rick’s life D．How Rick communicated with others.6. They got the chance to join the 1984 Boston Marathon because __________.A．they ran a marathon very fast B．they got support from a charityC．they met a sympathetic race official D．they had become very famous in theprocess7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A．A boy with a rare disease B．The greatest dad in the worldC．A tough road to world champion D．Parents' influence on children's futureSmoking is so alluring (诱惑的), pleasurable for some and perhaps the worst thing that you can possibly do to your body. So, producers made electronic cigarettes as a safer smoking choice-saferthan tobacco (烟草制品). Although e-cigarettes contain the drug nicotine like cigarettes, they do not use tobacco and you do not light them. They are powered by battery (电池).However, if e-cigarettes are so safe, why has the United States Center for Disease Control (CDC) seen an increase in telephone calls about e-cigarette poisonings?The answer is children. Most of the calls are from people worried about children who have played with the devices (装置). In the period of one month this year, the Center said 215 people called the Center with e-cigarette concerns. More than half of these calls were for children aged five and younger. The devices had made them sick.Tim McAfee is director of the Center’s Office on Smoking and Health. He says the problem is regulation—the U. S. federal government does not control e-cigarettes even though they contain liquid nicotine. Mr. McAfee adds that liquid nicotine is a well-known danger. Mr. McAfee explains that nicotine poisoning happens when it gets into the skin, gets into the eyes or is swallowed. It can cause stomach pain or a sense of unbalance. And too much nicotine can kill.Tim McAfee says e-cigarettes do not create the level of risk to people that tobacco products do. He notes that almost 500, 000 Americans die each year from cigarettes. “So, cigarettes are the winner in that contest.” E-cigarettes do not contain hundreds of harmful chemicals that are found in real cigarettes. So, the U. S. Surgeon General Boris D. Lushniak has suggested that e-cigarettes may be a useful tool for adults trying to end their tobacco use.But Tim McAfee worries that teenagers may think electronic cigarettes are harmless. They could become addicted to the nicotine and then start smoking real cigarettes. In other words, he fears that fake (假的) e-cigarettes could be a “gateway” to the real thing for young people.8. What do the producers think of e-cigarettes?A．Cheaper. B．Safer. C．Dangerous. D．Expensive.9. We can learn from the passage that __________.A．the CDC wants to develop a better type of e-cigarettesB．the U. S. federal government is against the use of e-cigarettesC．Boris D Lushniak thinks e-cigarettes may contribute to giving up smoking.D．Boris D Lushniak is a heavy smoker10. What is Tim McAfee’s opinion about smoking?A．He strongly claims that regulations should be made to ban smoking.B．He is convinced that e-cigarette is a useful tool.C．Smoking e-cigarettes can make a person sick.D．He is concerned about the teens using e-cigarettes.11. What’s the author’s attitude towards e-cigarettes?A．Neutral. B．Negative. C．Positive D．Indifferent.According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’l l end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.“Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Mackni ck, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” sol ar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫).Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.12. What do solar developers often ignore?A．The decline in the demand for solar energy.B．The negative impact of installing solar panels.C．The rising labor cost of building solar farms.D．The most recent advances in solar technology.13. What does InSPIRE aim to do?A．Improve the productivity of local farms.B．Invent new methods for controlling weeds.C．Make solar projects environmentally friendly.D．Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas.14. What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4?A．To conserve pollinators. B．To restrict solar development.C．To diversify the economy. D．To ensure the supply of energy.15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay B．Solar Energy: Hope for the FutureC．InSPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture D．Solar Farms: A New Development We’re lucky to live in an age when the sum total of human knowledge is pretty available at the click of a button. We’ ve never had access to so much information. 16 . So here are a few strategies to sharpen your critical thinking.Watch out for confirmation prejudice(偏见). 17 . In repeated experiments, psychologists have shown we’re much more likely to accept something as evidence if it confirms what we already think we know. And we’re much more likely to ign ore information if it is not in line with our views, which will affect our ability to process information.Acknowledge small differences. In life, most situations are varying and complicated. Admitting that can enrich the way that we view the world. For example, what colour is the sky? Well, the obvious answer is blue. But at sunrise or sunset, it can be red. On a cold misty morning, white or gray. 18 .Practise intellectual humility (谦逊). One approach to, well, arguing, is to let go of the idea of being “right”. Or at least seriously consider that you might actually be wrong. 19 . Really try to understand where the other person is coming from. Arguing is just to waste somebody’s time.20 . It’s more important than ever to know where your information is c oming from. That science-looking paragraphs might look very convincing until you dig a little deeper and find it was just posted by someone having no qualifications. That is the case we should not overlook.Engaging in critical thinking isn’t as fun as picking up a pitchfork, or feeling like you’re fundamentally right. But in the long run, it leads to a more curious, educated and harmonious society, which is the biggest win of all.I once read about a Frenchman who spent weeks alone in a cave to see what would happen to his body rhythm. The idea of living without the structure of time became a _________ for me,and when lockdown came, I saw a reason to _________ the experiment. So, I found a cave where I could gowith other volunteers. The aim was to see how living down there for 40 days and nights would affect our sense of_________It's a strange feeling to _________ and not have a watch to tell you if you've slept enough. But soon it felt _________. I slept really well. After a while, we got familiar with the _________ and began to forget to do chores (杂活） and work tasks. There were _________ about washing-up, so we had a group meeting. It was _________.It took hours of discussion.After that, we began to _________ We began to cooperate more and a strong __________developed between us. Some __________planned holidays and bike tours together.In the end,we were __________ there. Following your own rhythm is an incredible freedom. When we were told it was over, we didn't feel ready to __________ .I think, as a society, we should reconsider the way we spend our time. We wake up __________ it's time to wake up and to work, but we forget to listen to our __________21.A．trend B．dream C．threat D．reality22.A．finance B．doubt C．repeat D．postpone23.A．time B．hunger C．direction D．belonging24.A．work B．talk C．wake D．play25.A．stressful B．desperate C．challenging D．freeing26.A．cave B．jungle C．flat D．pond27.A．assessments B．arguments C．restrictions D．regulations28.A．tense B．calm C．friendly D．relaxing29.A．withdraw B．quarrel C．hesitate D．unite30.A．competition B．prejudice C．bond D．feature31.A．yet B．even C．only D．barely32.A．nervous B．bored C．depressed D．happy33.A．hang on B．go out C．cut in D．take off34.A．because B．unless C．before D．though35.A．friends B．bodies C．lectures D．parents阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
2014全国职称英语等级考试 卫生类 阅读判断 译文
第二部分阅读判断一研究表明美国在医疗卫生方面的花销没有使它成为最好的根据星期二发布的研究结果，美国在卫生保健方面的花费是其他富裕国家的两倍，但并设有得到相应的结果。
在《医疗事件》杂志上发表的对五个富有国家的研究中，研究者们发现没有哪个国家有明显的最坏或最好的医疗体系。
约翰·霍普金斯大学的公共卫生学院的Gerard Arderson及其同事制定出一个21个医疗领域的名单，他们将横向地比较五个国家——澳大利亚、加拿大、英国、新西兰和美国。
安德森在对记者的电话简报中说：“在这所有的2l项指标里，这五个国家中没有一个始终保持是最好的或最坏的。
”“如果你正在寻找一个能够得到最好的医疗的地方，没有这个地方。
每个国家至少有一个指标是排在第一位的，也至少有一个指标排在最后。
”但是，他说美国的钱花得不值。
“鉴于我们比别的国家多花一倍的钱，美国应该尤其关心这些结果。
花的钱多并不一定就会有好的结果。
”由联邦基金资助的Anderson的国际卫生专家团花了五年的时间做这个研究，从五个国家得到如乳腺癌、白血病存活率、自杀率、哮喘死亡率、接种率和癌症检查等领域的尽可能新的数据。
二在美国大多数成年人有低风险的心脏疾病根据《美国心脏病学杂志》上的报告，80%以上的美国成年人在今后十年内患心脏病的风险不到10%。
只有3%的人患心脏病的风险超过了20%。
来自美国疾病控制中心的第一作者Earl S. Ford博士在一次报告中说：“我希望这些数字能够使外科医生、研究者、卫生政策分析家和其他人更好地了解冠心病在美国人口中的分布状况。
”这些研究结果基于对13769个20岁至79岁的实验对象的数据分析得到的，他们参与了1988年到1994年的第三次全国卫生和营养普查。
总的来说，82%的成年人患心脏病的风险低于10%，15%的人风险在10%-20%之间，3%的人风险高于20%。
实验对象年龄越大，在最高风险组中所占的比例越大；男人进入该组的可能性亦大于女人。
This is the VOA Special English Health Report
1.Answer the following questions.1.What did the new study find ?2.What are the good news and the bad news in the latest estimates for the United States ?3.What’s the percentage of energe from the normai levels of protein ?4.What are six kinds of foods that the last person mentioned we should eat more each day ?Key:1.How many calories we eat appears more important than what we eat when we eat too much.2. The good news: obesity rates have not increased much in recent years.The bad news:obesity rates have not decreased either.3. Normal was defined as fifteen percent of energy from protein.4. They’re fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, vegetable oils and nuts.How many calories we eat appears more important than what we eat when we eat too much. That was the finding of a new study that should be satisfying to anyone who counts calories for weight control.我们吃进去多少热量似乎比我们吃的是什么更为重要，这是一项新研究的发现。
在阅读中我们如何做到有的放矢
1 把握文章事实或查询细节2 归纳文章主旨大意3 猜测文中生词的意思4 通过逻辑关系，巧解问题5 依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力。
6 推断作者的意图和态度查读文章的开头查读文章的结尾逐段总结找出文章的总话题(一)All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物链)。
Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappearsQ: The passage tells us that______.(二)The Human Genome(基因) Project, a great ﹩3 billion, 15-year task aimed at drawing the genetic map of humans, is now more than 90 percent completed(完成). The scientific and medical communities are very excited about the chances genetic research provides for getting rid of(消除) diseases and prolonging()延长) human life. But those communities and policy(政策) makers are also careful about the scientific door they are opening as the project uncovers the mysteries of life. For the last few years, the genetic advances in the fast developing field of biotechnology(生物技术) have provided materials for all kinds of work, but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of the human genetic code(基因码) have opened a world of possibilities(可能性) for human health as well as for the popular imagination.Already the human Genome Project has become widely known and praised for finding the genes connected with as yet terrible diseases, and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer or AIDS.Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections(防止感染), and genetic diseases.Q: What should be the best title for the passage?A: The Great Human Genome. B: Genes and ScientistsC: Unlocking the Genetic Code. D: Humans and Animals.常见的提问句型有：（1）This passage mainly talks about_______.（2）The passage tells us that______.（3）Which is the best title of the passage?（4）Which of the following is this passage about?（5）In this passage the writer tries to tell us that______.（1）利用词的前后缀(2) 利用合成词猜出新词的意思(3) 结合语境猜出词意A: 表示职业的后缀有er/ or/ istwork----worker teach----teacher farm----farmeract ---- actor visit ---- visitorart ---- artist science----scientistB: 名词后缀有tion / sion / ment /nesssuggest----sugges tion invent----inven tionexpress----expres sionagree----agree mentsad----sad ness weak----weak ness happy----happi nessC:否定前缀un / im / in/ dishappy ----unhappy possible----impossibleactive ----inactive like ----dislikeD: re 表示“再”“又”的前缀use----reuse cycle----recycleshopkeeper snowman toothbrush handbag terrible--lookingEvery year, before Spring Festival, it is really hard to buy plane or train tickets. So more and more people choose to book the tickets on line before they set off. It will be easy to buy when they need them.What does the word “book”mean in the passage?A: 书B: 翻书C: 预定D:买对于猜词题的常见提问方式有：(1) The word “”in the passage probably means ________.(2) The underlined word “It”in the passage refers to _______.(3) In this story the underlined word “”means ________.表解释说明：符号：“（）”和“——”定语从句和同位语表并列：and；also; what is more表转折:but; however;表原因：because+句子; because of +名词; as+句子; since+句子; to do; in order to 表结果：so+句子; so that+句子表时间：when ; while; after; before; until2010（会考）Live Music ---Late Night JazzEnjoy real American jazz Herbie Davis, the famous trumpet player. He is known to play well into the early hours, so don’t want to get much sleep.PLACE: The Jazz Club DATES: 9------15 MayPRICE:￥50---200 TIME: 9:00p.m.till late TEL:8735248. Herbie Davis is the name of _______________.A: the jazz club B: a famous trumpet player.C: an American hotel D: American jazzSome years on a hot summer day in south Florida, a little boy decided to go for a swim in the lake behind his house. He swam to toward the middle of the lake, not realizing that a crocodile was swimming toward him. His mother, who was in the house, was looking out of the window and saw the two. In great fear, she ___1______ toward the water , shouting to her son as loudly as she could.-------( ) 1. A: swam B: ran C: jumped D: walkedThe common cold is the world’s most widespread illness. The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold weather . They are caused by viruses (病毒)passing on from person to person.If cold weather causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. And in Arctic regions explorers (探险者) have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with the outside world by way of packages and mails dropped from airplanes.------Q: When may Arctic explorers catch colds?(1)We can guess the writer of the passage may be a ______.(2) We can infer from the text that _______.(3) From the letters we’ve learned that ______________.(1)How did the writer feel ------?(2) The writer writes this text to ______.(3) The writer believes that ______.(4) The writer suggests that ______.Are you in shape? To find out, ask yourself some questions: Do I exercise regularly? Do I ever walk places instead of driving my car? Do I ever play sports for fun? If you answered no to any or all of the above questions, you are probably out of shape and need to start a fitness program.Exercise is very important. It improves your strength and blood circulation(循环). It gives you more energy. It can help you relax and sleep well, and it can help control your weight. In fact, the U.S. Surgeon General says that exercise can help prevent heart disease,The first step is to make a program. A good fitness program should be fun. To make a good program for yourself, first you should think about the types of activities you like to do. A good exercise program will involve cardiovascular activities, such as running. It will also involve weight-bearing exercise, . Also, daily, low-intensity activities such as walking, gardening are good for your physical health.So what are you waiting for? Get off of the sofa and start exercising. Sign up for yoga, tai chi, or Pilates. Join a gym or a running club, or just start walking a half an hour every day. Every little bit helps!What does the writer mainly tell us?A: Exercise is important and should be part of your daily life.B: A good exercise program can help you a lot to keep healthy.C: Exercise can improve your strength and blood circulation.D: Start to make an exercise program when you are out of shape.处理阅读中的理解推断题观察下面的例子，总结出你学到了几招？1 How much is it for two 15—year—olds to stay one night?A: ＄6.15 B: ＄9.10 C:＄12.30 D:＄18.20One day John’s wife was ill, so he went for a doctor. He called for a doctor and make sure they would meet at five. He arrived at the doctor’s at twenty to five. He thought, “It’s a little earlier. I’ll wait for a moment. It’s good to keep the time.”Suddenly he heard a girl crying. He came up to her and asked some questions. Then he knew she got lost. John tried to find out her address and took her home.Finally John hurried to the doctor’s. The doctor said angrily when he saw him, “You a re late. Why did you keep me waiting for twenty minutes?” John said nothing but one word---- “Sorry!”1 At last John got to the doctor’s at __________.A: twenty to five B: twenty past five C: five o’clock D: twenty to six有关数字的题----------同义句转换Maybe every town in the United States of America has a post office. Some post offices are very small, and you may also find them in the corner of a shop. Others are large buildings. They are open five days a week and Saturday morning. From Monday to Friday they are usually open from 8:00 to 17:00.1 A post office is open __________ in the U.S.A.A: every day but Saturday morningB: every day from 8:30 to 16:30C: from Monday to Friday and Saturday morningD: from Monday till Friday有关数字的题-------总结计算Wh y English is becoming the world’s international language? There are some reasons.At first, English is used as the native language or an official language in many countries. What is more, English has also become the language of the world. Last, but not least, English is the main language of the Internet. What a popular language it is!How many reasons are there that English is becoming the world’s international language? A: 4 B: 3 C:2基于文章实事———推理事实推断：这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。
英语试题(文科)
高三上学期第一次月考文科英语2014.10本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分为150分。
考试用时120分钟。
第I卷(共105分)第一部分英语知识运用(共两节, 满分55分)第一节语法和词汇知识(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)1. When ______ comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body, we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals.A．it B. this C. that D. which2. —What has happened to you. Jim? —. I cut myself shaving this morning.A. It's nothingB. No ideaC. No problemD. Forget it3. V olunteering, as a way of building character, is popular among young people in western countries.A. seeingB. to seeC. seenD. being seen4. The development of China‟s economy ______ since the 80s of last century.A. had acceleratedB. has been acceleratingC. is acceleratingD. accelerated5. The written record of our conversation doesn‟t ______ what was actually said. There are a lot of mistakes.A. correspond withB. relate toC. look intoD. compare with6. I don‟t think she is a nice woman; I am _____ her empty talk.A. grateful forB. tired ofC. crazy aboutD. concerned about7. The Prime Minister criticized some celebrities for their ______ attitude towards drugs andaccused the m of thinking they were “above the law”.A. informalB. casualC. positiveD. immoral8. Environmental experts point out that ______ some serious problems such as global warming, but it also could threaten human life.A. not only does increasing pollution causeB. not only causes increasing pollutionC. not only increasing pollution causesD. not only increasing pollution does cause9. Without facts, a person can not form a correct opinion, for he needs to have actual knowledge ______his thinking .A. on which to be basedB. on which to baseC. which to be basedD.which to base10. I think it‟s better to give it a second thought so many of us consider it a risk.A. asB. beforeC. althoughD. once第二节完形填空(共30个小题；满分40分)第一篇(共l0小题；每小题l分, 满分l0分)My daughter and I went out for some shopping. While I was waiting to 11 , my daughter asked if she could wait for me at the door.Minutes later she returned to ask if she could give the l2 she had just bought to a man in the street, so there she went and l3 her sweets away. Another 2 minutes later, she l4 again to ask me for something else she could give to the man. I told her that I only had some biscuits for dessert, so she took them to the man and came back with a huge 15 on her face.When we got out of the shop I l6 that the “man” was an old man in his 80's. It looked like he was going to 17 the night there. We made eye contact(接触)and he thanked us a lot.On the way to the parking lot my daughter wanted to buy a drink for the old man, but I had no 18 . So I went to the cash machine, took some cash and my daughter gave it to the old man, so he could buy a drink. My daughter was over 19 when she came back from the old man.It was probably my daughter's first random act of 20 , and that was amazing.11. A. order B. pay C. leave D. rest12. A. sweets B. toys C. clothes D. drinks13. A. kept B. put C. threw D. gave14. A. cried B. waved C. returned D. went15. A. smile B. kiss C. gift D. feeling16. A. decided B. realized C. believed D. imagined17. A. enjoy B. make C. prepare D. spend18. A. choice B. idea C. change D. plan19. A. excited B. crazy C. angry D. smart20. A. politeness B. service C. honesty D. kindness 第二篇(共20小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)I was out late watching a movie with a friend in Georgetown. By the time the 21 ended. It was 2 a. m. We walked to my car which was 22 across the street. When we arrived, I noticed something strange--the doors were 23 . I took a quick 24 of the car and was relieved to find everything undamaged, 25 one thing-my briefcase was gone. After a further search with my friend, I 26 the fact that it was gone, I considered myself incredibly 27 that nothing valuable was taken and nothing else in the car was 28 .The next day I 29 a surprising voice mail from a man. He said he had walked his dog in the morning and 30 a pile of papers and bills with my name all over them. I 31 him back immediately. He promised to 32 the materials back or I could pick them up. At first I asked him to send them, but then I 33 . We were in the same city and plus I didn‟t want to inconvenience him. Normally, it probably wouldn‟t be 34 to go to a stranger's house to 35 something up, but he gave me an 36 so I figured I was relativelysafe.I met the man and thanked him very much. He said he would 37 me if he found anything else. Words could not express my 38 of this stranger‟s kindness. I thought to myself-there‟s so much goodness in the world and there are so many people who 39 that inner goodness through acts kindness. Though it feels good to give kindness, it feels nice to 40 others want to give too.21. A. party B. movie C. meeting D. night22. A. driven B. stopped C. bought D. parked23. A. unlocked B. broken C. scratched D. changed24. A. charge B. attempt C. survey D. repair25. A. rather than B. along with C. as for D. except for26. A. declared B. accepted C. doubted D. predicted27. A. anxious B. confident C. fortunate D. satisfactory28. A. damaged B. attacked C. guarded D. emptied29. A. took B. got C. made D. met30. A. made out B. went through C. passed down D. came across31. A. turned B. fought C. called D. wrote32. A. bring B. find C. hold D. mail33. A. reconsidered B. discussed C. criticized D. remembered34. A. honest B. proud C. smart D. true35. A. took B. pick C. send D. put36. A. example B. excuse C. order D. address37. A. meet B. charge C. inform D. greet38. A. appreciation B. approval C. sympathy D. satisfaction39. A. search B. express C. drive D. remove40. A. force B. challenge C. help D. realize第二部分阅读理解(共25小题；每小题2分, 满分50分)ASan Francisco, unofficially regarded as one of the homeless capitals of the US, counts nearly 6,500 homeless people, with 4,300 living on the street.Among the many problems that the homeless face is little or no access to showers. San Francisco only has about 16 to 20 shower stations to accommodate them. But Doniece Sandoval has made it her task to change that.“Homelessness is something you can‟t really mi ss, ” the 51-year-old woman said. She started Lava Mae, a sort of showers on wheels, a new project that aims to turn old city buses into shower stations for the homeless.“One day I passed a woman in the street and she w as very dirty and basically crying, and I heard her say that she would never be clean. But I was wondering what her opportunities were to actually get clean,” Sandoval said.Sandoval was inspired to start Lava Mae. The project has already been welcomed with open arms in the city. The Transportation Agency has donated one bus for the cause and is willing to donate three more if the project succeeds. Sandoval hopes the first bus will be able to hit the road in May this year. The Public Commission has also agreed to let the buses plug into fire hydrants(消防龙头)around the city if Lava Mae pays for the water.One of Lava Mae‟s biggest supporters is Bevan Dufty, the director of Housing Opportunity, Partnerships & Engagement under the mayor of San Francisco. “For people who are unhoused, access to showers is very difficult. Shower buses are something that could potentially be deployed (部署)in response to an emergency, so it is relevant to all San Franciscans," Dufty said. “Doniece has done an incredible job as a citizen who cares about helping the poor. We are very excited to see Lava Mae become real soon. ”Each bus will have two shower stations and Sandoval expects that by 2015, they‟ll be able to provide 2000 showers a week.41. What problem does San Francisco face according to the text?A. The city has the most homeless people in the USA.B. There are no shower stations for the homeless in the city.C. It‟s hard for homeless people in the city to take showers.D. Few citizens in the city care about the homeless.42. What does the underlined word ''them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. City problems.B. Shower stations.C. Old buses.D. The homeless.43. Which of the following best describes Doniece Sandoval?A. Brave and independent.B. Caring and responsible.C. Honest and determined.D. Friendly and humorous.44. What can we learn from Dufty‟s words?A. All San Franciscans are excited to use Lava Mae.B. Emergencies in San Francisco will be prevented by Lava Mae.C. Dufty thinks highly of Doniece's way of helping the poor.D. The mayor of San Francisco will support Doniece financially.45. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. A newly invented way of showerB. Showers on Wheels for the HomelessC. The health problem of the homelessD. Lave Mae-a new name for old city busesBA new report from the United States surgeon general finds that smoking tobacco is even deadlier than had been known. The report says smoking causes birth diseases—a leading cause of death among babies. It also links smoking to cancer of the liver and colon, diabetes and other illnesses.The first U.S. surgeon general‟s report on tobacco and health was released in 1 964. It was the first scientific report to link smoking with lung cancer and heart disease. Now, 50 years later, Acting Surgeon General Boris Lushniak has released a new report. His report provides more evidence about smoking tobacco and how it can harm health.…‟If we‟re going to work together to achieve a society free of tobacco-related disease, this must be understood.‟‟ said Lushniak.The new report urges increased use of tobacco—control measures. The suggested controls include raising prices of cigarettes，and expanding bans on smoking in enclosed spaces.Doctor Lushniak also said smoking holds back the body‟s natural defenses for fighting disease. He said this increases a smoker‟s likelihood of getting an infectious disease.……One of the most disturbing findings is that the disease risks from smoking by women have risen sharply over the last fifty years. Women are now as likely to die from smoking as men，women smokers‟ risk of lung cancer is now the same as men, and more women die from chronic lung disease than men.‟‟ said Lushniak.The new report finds that those who do not smoke are at a higher risk for stroke if left unprotected from tobacco smoke. The latest research also shows damage to unborn children. Babies are more likely to be born with cleft palate(先天性腭裂)if the mother smokes. The chemicals in tobacco smoke can have lasting effects on brain development in a fetus(胎儿).The surgeon general would like to see more action to keep young people from developing a smoking habit. He supports higher prices on cigarettes，more anti-smoking media campaigns and more help for people who want to quit smoking.56. The new findings shows that smoking tobacco_________________.A. can cause lung cancer and heart diseaseB. has little to do with diabetes and other diseasesC. is the biggest health killer in the worldD. does greater harm than what had been widely known57. From the new report，we learn that_______________.A. mental disease is a number one cause of deaths among babiesB. smoking weakens the body‟s natural defensesC. women smokers have a higher risk of lung cancer than menD. tobacco smoke has no bad effect on unborn children58. The underlined word“this‟‟in Paragraph 3 refers to_____________.A. the evidence about smoking and how it harms healthB. a society free of tobacco-related diseasesC. increased use of tobacco—control measuresD. the first U. S. surgeon general’s report59. Which of the following will receive Lushniak‟s approval?A. Decreasing prices of cigarettes.B. Allowing smoking in enclosed spaces.C. More anti-smoking media campaigns.D. More help for people who smoke.60. What is the best title for the passage?A. Anti-smoking Media CampaignsB. The First U. S. Surgeon General‟s ReportC. Tobacco-control Measures Benefit WomenD. Smoking Causes More Health ProblemsCThe 16 operations W. Mitchell received after the motorcycle accident burned more than 65％of his body at age 46 left him unable to pick up a fork, dial a telephone or go to the bathroom without help. But Mitchell never believed he was defeated. “I am in charge of my own spacesh ip,”he said. “It‟s my up, my down. I could choose to see this situation as a setback or as starting poin t. ”Mitchell bought himself a home in Colorado, a plane and a bar. Later he teamed up with two friends and co-founded a wood burning stove company that grew to be the second largest privateemployer in his state. Six months later he was piloting the plane. Then four years after the motorcycle accident, the plane Mitchell was piloting crashed back onto the runway during takeoff, permanently paralyzing(使…瘫痪)him from the waist down.Still determined, Mitchell worked day and night to regain as much independence as possible. He was elected Mayor of Crested Butte, Colorado, to save the town from mineral mining that would ruin its beauty and environment.Despite his shocking looks and physical challenges, Mitchell began white water rafting(漂流), fell in love and married, earned a master‟s degree in public administration and con tinued flying, environmental activism and public speaking.Mitchell‟s unshakable positive mental attitude has earned him appearances on the “Today Show‟‟ and “Good Morn ing America” as well as feature articles in Parade, Time, The New Y ork Times and other publications.Mitchell has done all these things and more after two horrible accidents left his face beyond recognition, his hands finger less and his legs thin：and motionless(不动)in a wheelchair. Then what can't we healthy guys achieve?51. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Mitchell couldn‟t face the fact that he was defeated.B. The operations Mitchell received made him hopeless.C. Mitchell was optimistic about what happened to him.D. Mitchell was in his spaceship when the accident occurred.52. What did Mirehell do after his first accident?A. He learned to pilot a plane.B. He was employed by a company.C. He began to drive a spaceship.D. He made another two new friends.53. What was the resul t of Mitchell‟s plane crash accident?A. His body under the waist co uldn‟t mo ve.B. He was elected mayor of Crested Butte.C. He became the hero of many publications.D. More than half of his body was burned.54. After the two horrible accidents, Mitchell .A. stopped flying, environmental protection and public speaking.B. co-founded a wood burning stove company with his friends.C. stopped to open mineral mining in Crested Butte.D. earned a master‟s degree in public administration.55. What has earned Mitchell appearances in many famous publications?A. His shocking looks.B. His strong determination.C. His physical challenges.D. His outstanding speaking talent.DGoing to college and living away from home for the first time can be terrible. Students tend to have higher academic achievements in college when they enjoy living in the dormitory. Most colleges and universities have many programs that help first-year students adjust to studying and living in a new community. Take advantage of these programs and make new friends as you adjust to your college life.. Greet and meet everyone in the dorm. Find out their class schedules and hobbies. Y ou may be able to find study partners this way. Most students are just like you beingaway from their home the first time. Don't be afraid to knock on your neighbors' doors and introduce yourself. The residence(居住区)staff will also help you in adjusting to college life. Get to know them as soon as possible.Get along with your roommate. Y our roommates can be either your lifelong friends or enemies. Try to be friends to them. Respect each other, including their space. Do not use your roommates‟ belongings without permission. Communicate among each other regarding your daily schedule, study or sleep habits and off campus guest visits. Always say hello.Get involved. To adjust to college life away from home, you need to got involved in college activities. Join clubs. Attend events that are hosted by your residence life and academic departments. Attend those events with your new friends. Most colleges have many events throughout the semester. Student union is a great place to meet new friends and learn about the upcoming events.Call home when you need to. College life can be very exciting in the beginning. Most students get lonely and homesick during the middle of the semester or during festivals, It is normal to feel sad. Call home or even visit home when you need to. Talk to your friends back home. Understand that many people love and support you and they are very proud of you.56. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Advice on how to adjust to college life.B. Things that can be done in a dormitory.C. Places to live in when going to a college.D. Ways of making friends with roommates.57. What can be proper to fill in the blank in Paragraph 2?A. Greet people everywhere.B. Meet new friends.C. Share your hobbies.D. Adjust to college life.58. Which of the following is not proper in getting along with your roommates?A. Say hello to them frequently.B. Respect them and their space.C. Use their belongings secretly.D. Know about their living habits.59. According to the text, when you feel homesick at college, you can .A. find study partnersB. join clubsC. call your parentsD. talk to new friends60. In which part of a website might the text appear?A. Style and fashion.B. Science and technology.C. Sports and health.D. Culture and education.EMicrosoft has a problem: It desperately wants the remaining Windows XP users to upgrade to a newer version of the operating system but a good many of them still h aven‟t started. The latest numbers from Net Market show that Windows XP still accounts for around 29. 5％of all desktops in use even though Microsoft is due to end support for the l3-Y ear-old platform on April 8th. ZDNet reports that Microsoft plans to force remaining XP users to start next week by sending them notices reminding them again that it will end XP support within a month.However, as Computerworld reports, Microsoft may have a tough time convincing some Windows XP users to upgrade because it's trying to sell them on Windows 8, the newest operating system that has angered many longtime PC users by removing the traditional Start menu and by adding the interface(界面)a special feature. Computerworld writes that many Windows users expressed anger last month when Microsoft asked them to help switch as many people asthey could from Windows XP to Windows 8 partly because Microsoft hasn‟t offered an y sort of discount for Windows XP users making the switch.This is particularly tiresome, these users said, because switching from XP to Windows 8 won‟t just require a software upgrade but will instead likely force them to buy new machines capable(能够)of running Microsoft‟s new operating system. Some users were also annoyed that Microsoft only mentioned Windows 8 and not Windows 7 as upgrade possibilities.In the end, it looks like when Microsoft ends support for Windows XP next month there will still be a large part of the desktop PC world using the platform. Hackers who have been saving up all their best new malware(恶意软件)for the day when Windows XP support ends are about to have a field day.61. What problem does Microsoft have now?A. Windows XP is out of date and needs improvement.B. Windows 8 runs worse than Windows XP.C. No people like to upgrade their operating system.D. Lots of users refuse to switch from XP to Windows62. How will Microsoft remind users of the stop of XP support?A. By sending them notices.B. By sending them daily emails.C. By adding the interface a special feature.D. By removing the traditional Start menu.63. Which is probably one of the reasons why users dislike Window 8?A. Microsoft hasn‟t off ered any discount for it.B. They like Window 7 more than Window 8.C. Microsoft refuses to offer them a new machine.D. It‟s impossible for them to use the new operating system.64. What does the underlined phrase “have a field day” probably mean in the last paragraph?A. Show up without warning.B. Make rapid progress.C. Make full use of the opportunity.D. Come to an end completely.65. What can be inferred from the text?A. Windows XP will completely be out of use in a month.B. Windows XP will still be in use for a period of time.C. Windows 8 will have a longer history than Windows XP.D. Windows 7 will easily be attacked by Hackers.第Ⅱ卷(共45分_)第三部分书面表达(共两节, 满分45分)第一节阅读表达(共5小题；第68题4分, 第70题2分, 其余每小题3分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文并回答问题, 然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上, (请注意问题后面的词数要求)。
英语四六级【医疗健康类】热点词汇
英语四、六级 -医疗健康类词汇1. epidemic [ˌepɪˈdemɪk]n.流行病;(迅速的)泛滥,蔓延adj.流行性的;极为盛行的2. bird flu [ˈbɜːd flu]n.禽流感(鸟类传染病,可感染人类并导致死亡)flu [fluː] n.流行性感冒;流感3. contagion [kənˈteɪdʒən ]n.传染病;接触传染;接触性传染病;(不良事物的快速)传播;蔓延;扩散4. symptom [ˈsɪmptəm]n.症状;征候;征兆5. attack(fit) [əˈtæk]n.袭击;攻击;进攻;抨击,非难;抑制;发作,侵袭v.袭击;攻击;进攻;抨击;非难;侵袭fit [fɪt] v.适合,合身;适应;可容纳;安置;(疾病)发作adj.健康的,健壮的;合适的,适当的;合格的n.适合,合身;匹配,相配;痉挛,昏厥;一阵,突发6. sneeze [sniːz ]vi.打喷嚏n.喷嚏;喷嚏声7. coughing [ˈkɒfɪŋ ] cough的现在分词n.咳嗽v.咳嗽;(从喉咙或肺中)咳出;突然发出刺耳的声音8. reform of medical system [rɪˈfɔːm ɒv ˈmedɪkl ˈsɪstəm ]医疗体制改革9. cancer [ˈkænsə]n.癌症;癌;(迅速蔓延的)邪恶;(社会)毒瘤10. infectious disease [ɪnˈfekʃəs dɪˈziːz]传染病infectious [ɪnˈfekʃəs] adj.传染性的,感染的(呼吸);患有传染病;有传染力 disease [dɪˈziːz] n.病;疾病;弊端;恶疾;痼疾11. chronic disease [krɒnɪk dɪˈziːz ]慢性病;慢性疾病chronic [ˈkrɒnɪk] n.慢性病人adj.慢性的;长期的;难以治愈(或根除)的;糟透的;拙劣的12. illness [ˈɪlnəs]n.疾病;(身体或精神上的)病;患病期13. total tobacco ban [təˈbækəʊ bæn]全面禁烟tobacco [təˈbækəʊ] n.烟叶;烟草ban [bæn] n.禁令vt.取缔;明令禁止;禁止(某人)做某事(或去某处等)14. sacrifice health [ˈsækrɪfaɪs]牺牲健康sacrifice [ˈsækrɪfaɪs] n.牺牲;舍弃;祭献;祭祀;祭献的牲畜;祭品v.牺牲;献出15. provide medical services [prəˈvaɪd ˈmedɪkl ˈsɜːvɪsɪz]提供医疗服务16. go on a diet [ɡəʊɒn əˈdaɪət]减肥;节食17. junk food [dʒʌŋk fuːd]n.(制作、食用方便却有害健康的)垃圾食品junk [dʒʌŋk] n.废旧物品;无用的东西;无价值的东西;中国式帆船vt.把…当作废物扔弃;丢弃;废弃18. well-balanced diet [wel ˈbælənst ˈdaɪət]均衡饮食well-balanced [ˌwel ˈbælənst] adj.平衡良好;匀称的;通情达理的;明智的 diet [ˈdaɪət] n.日常饮食;特种饮食,规定饮食;日常大量接触的东西vi.进特种饮食,节食vt.让…按规定进食;用节食减轻;给…饲以特殊食物19. physical exercises [ˈfɪzɪkl ˈeksəsaɪzɪz]体育锻炼;运动;身体锻炼;体育活动;体操20. state of mind [steɪt ɒv maɪnd]n.心境;(某一特定时刻的)情绪,心态mind [maɪnd] v.介意;烦恼,苦恼,焦虑;愿意做;当心;听从;关心,照看n.头脑;大脑;思考能力;智慧;思维方式;聪明人;心思;记忆力21. public health [ˈpʌblɪk helθ]公共卫生;公共卫生设施health [helθ] n.健康;人的身体(或精神)状况;医疗;保健;卫生;状况22. sub-health [sʌb helθ ]亚健康;亚健康状态sub [sʌb] n.替补队员;会员费;助理编辑;审校人;代课教师v.(在比赛中)替换(队员);暂代(某人)工作;替班;代用;短期借给23. health concern [helθ kənˈsɜːn ]健康问题concern [kənˈsɜːn] vt.涉及;影响,牵涉;让(某人)担忧;(对…)感兴趣n.关心;担心,忧虑;关爱;重要的事情;有权知道的事;公司24. physical health [ˈfɪzɪkl helθ]身体健康;生理健康25. build up one’s body [ˈbɪld ʌp wʌnsˈbɒdi]锻炼身体26. improve one’s health [ɪmˈpruːv wʌns helθ ]增进健康27. keep healthy [/kiːp ˈhelθ ]保持健康28. unhealthy eating habit [ʌnˈhelθi ˈiːtɪŋˈhæbɪt]不健康的饮食习惯29. take regular exercise [teɪk ˈreɡjələ(r) ˈeksəsaɪz ]经常锻炼;进行有规律的运动regular [ˈreɡjələ] adj.定时的,定期的;固定的;有规律的,规则的;常规的n.常客,老主顾;经常投稿人;正式成员,固定成员adv.按时地,定期地;经常;完全;非常30. good living habits [ɡʊd ˈlɪvɪŋˈhæbɪts]良好的生活习惯31. be good for [bi ɡʊd fɔː ]有益于,对…有好处32. mentally unhealthy [ˈmentəli ʌnˈhelθi ]精神不健全的mentally [ˈmentəli] adv.精神上;智力上;思想上unhealthy [ʌnˈhelθi] adj.不健康的;虚弱的;损害健康的;不良的;有害的33. overweight(fat) [ˌəʊvəˈweɪt]vt.超重;使…装载过重;使…负担过重;在重量上超过adj.超重的;过重的;太胖的;超过限制重量的n.超重;偏重;优势34. physical and mental condition [ˈfɪzɪkl ənd ˈmentl kənˈdɪʃn]身体和精神状况;身体与精神状态mental condition [ˈmentl kənˈdɪʃn] 精神状况;精神状态mental[ˈmentl] adj.思想的;精神的;思考的;智力的;精神病治疗的;疯狂;发疯 n.精神病;精神病患者35. pick up the habit [pɪk ʌp ðə ˈhæbɪt ]养成这种习惯36. contract infections [ˈkɒntrækt ɪnˈfɛkʃənz]得传染病contract [ˈkɒntrækt ] n.合同;合约;契约;协议v.(使)收缩,缩小;感染(疾病);得(病);与…订立合同37. drowsy [ˈdraʊzi]adj.昏昏欲睡;困倦的;使人松弛的;令人疲乏的38. flight-headed [flaɪt ˈhedɪd ]头昏眼花;飞行航向39. under the weather [ˈʌndə(r) ðəˈweðə]身体不适;微恙weather [ˈweðə] n.天气,气象;气象预报;恶劣天气;潮湿的冷空气v.(使)变色,变形;经受住;安全绕过;;风干,风化;经受风雨,耐久 adj.<海>上风的,向风一侧的;露天的40. lose weight [luːz weɪt ]减肥;体重减轻41. smoking-related diseases [ˈsməʊkɪŋ rɪˈleɪtɪd dɪˈziːzɪz]吸烟相关疾病;抽烟引起的疾病related [rɪˈleɪtɪd] relate的过去分词和过去式adj.相关的;有联系的;有亲属关系的;属于同一种类的v.联系;使有联系;把…联系起来;叙述;讲述;讲(故事)42. nationwide fitness campaign [ˌneɪʃnˈwaɪd ˈfɪtnəs kæmˈpeɪn ]全民健身运动;全民健身活动nationwide [ˌneɪʃnˈwaɪd] adj.全国性的;遍及全国的;全国范围的adv.在全国范围内;就全国而论fitness [ˈfɪtnəs] n.健身;健康;健壮;适合(某事物或做某事)campaign [kæmˈpeɪn] n.运动;战役vi.参加运动,领导运动43. lung cancer [lʌŋ ˈkænsə ]肺癌lung [lʌŋ] n.肺44. mend [mend ]v.修理;修补;缝补;织补;弥合(分歧);解决(争端);痊愈;愈合n.修补;好转;痊愈45. physician [fɪˈzɪʃn ]n.医师;(尤指)内科医生46. surgeon [ˈsɜːdʒən]n.外科医生47. dentist [dentist ]n.牙医;牙科医生;牙科诊所48. nurse [nɜːs ]n.护士;保姆,女仆v.看护,照料(病人或伤者);调治,调养(伤病);怀抱;怀有;心藏;培育49. doctor [ˈdɒktə]n.医生;大夫;诊所;博士;(作头衔或称呼)牙医vt.篡改;伪造;将有害物掺入(食物或饮料)中50. quit(give up) smoking [kwɪt ˈsməʊkɪŋ ]戒烟quit [kwɪt] v.退出;戒掉;停止;离开;离任;离校;离开,迁出,搬离;关闭n.辞职;退出adj.被释放;自由的;摆脱了…的;了清债务的51. less fried(fast) food [les fraɪd fuːd]少油炸(快餐)食品fried [fraɪd] fry的过去分词和过去式v.油炸;油煎;油炒;(被阳光)灼伤,晒伤adj.油炸的fast [fɑːst] adj.快速的;快的;敏捷的;头脑灵活的;走得快;系牢的;不退色的 adv.快速;快;迅速;不久;立即;牢固地;完全地vi.节食;禁食;斋戒n.禁食期;斋戒期52. take two days off [teɪk tuː deɪz ɒf ]请两天假53. ward [wɔːd ]n.病房;病室;区,选区;受监护人v.避开;挡开,挡住;招架;保护,守卫54. catch a cold [kætʃ ə kəʊld ]感冒;患感冒55. feel under the weather [fiːl ˈʌndə(r) ðə ˈweðə ]感到不舒服;身体不适;感觉不舒服;不舒服;身体不舒服56. have ringing in the ears [hæv ˈrɪŋɪŋ ɪn ðə ɪəz ]耳鸣57. running nose [ˈrʌnɪŋ nəʊz]流鼻涕58. tired [ˈtaɪəd] tire的过去分词和过去式adj.疲倦的;厌倦;厌烦;疲劳的;困倦的;陈旧的;陈腐的;陈词滥调的v.(使)疲劳,疲倦,困倦59. diagnose [ˈdaɪəɡnəʊz]v.诊断(疾病);判断(问题的原因)60. cure [kjʊə]vt.治愈;治好(病人或动物);解决(问题);矫正,改正;加工贮藏n.治疗;疗法;药;药物;疗程;措施;对策61. operation [ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]n.活动;手术;行动;企业;公司;业务;运算;运转;军事行动62. treat [triːt ]vt.对待;治疗;处理;把…看作;把…视为;讨论;医疗;处理,保护,保存;招待 n.款待;乐事;乐趣63. x-ray [ˈeks reɪ]n.X射线;X光;X光照片;用X射线进行的临床检查v.用X射线拍摄检查adj.X (射)线的64. make an appointment [meɪk ən əˈpɔɪntmənt ]预约appointment [əˈpɔɪntmənt] n.约会;任命;预约;委任;约定;职务;职位65. stomach [ˈstʌmək]n.胃;腹部vt.欣赏;欣然接受;喜欢和…相处;能吃;吃得下66. liver [ˈlɪvə]n.肝脏;(动物供食用的)肝67. shoulder [ˈʃəʊldə]n.肩,肩膀,肩胛;肩部;肩状物;山肩;路肩;瓶肩;肩关节;上背部;担当能力v.承担,担负;扛,背;(用肩膀)推/挤/顶开adj.<交>峰肩的68. wrist [rɪst]n.手腕;腕关节69. twist [twɪst ]v.扭曲;使弯曲;扭转;旋转;;曲折;扭伤;使缠绕;蠕动n.捻;拧;扭动;搓;转动;旋转;(故事或情况的)转折;突然变化;急转弯处;曲折处70. strain [streɪn ]v.拉紧;损伤;拉伤;扭伤;尽力;竭力;使劲n.压力;劳损;重负;重压之下出现的问题(或担忧等);拉力;张力;应力;拉伤;扭伤71. injure [ˈɪndʒə]vt.(尤指在事故中)伤害,使受伤;损害,伤害(名誉、自尊等)72. have a cold [hæv ə kəʊld]感冒;我感冒了;患感冒;我得了感冒73. dizzy [ˈdɪzi]adj.头晕的;眩晕的;头晕目眩的;使人眩晕的;使人头昏眼花的;愚蠢的 v.使头晕眼花;使发昏;使昏乱;使茫然74. have a fever [hæv ə ˈfiːvə ]发烧fever [ˈfiːvə] n.发烧;发热;热(病);激动不安;兴奋紧张;狂热v.使发高烧;使狂热;煽动75. exhausted [ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd] exhaust的过去分词和过去式adj.筋疲力尽的;疲惫不堪的;用完的;耗尽的;枯竭的v.使筋疲力尽;使疲惫不堪;用完;花光;耗尽;详尽讨论(或研究)76. appetite [ˈæpɪtaɪt]n.食欲;胃口;强烈欲望77. high blood pressure [haɪ blʌd ˈpreʃə ]n.高血压78. blood vessel [blʌd vesl]n.血管vessel [ˈvesl] n.大船;轮船;(盛液体)容器;血管;脉管;(植物的)导管79. sore throat [sɔː(r) θrəʊt ]n.嗓子痛sore [sɔː] adj.疼痛的,酸痛的;惹人生气的;愤慨的;非常,极度n.疮;痛处;伤处throat [θrəʊt] n.咽喉;喉咙;颈前部;有…喉咙的;嗓子…的vt.用沙哑的声音或嗓音发音80. diabetes [ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz]n.糖尿病;多尿症81. fracture [ˈfræktʃə]n.(指事实)骨折;(指状态)断裂;破裂v.(使)断裂;破裂;(使)分裂82. stomachache [ˈstʌməkeɪk]n.胃痛;肚子痛83. allergy [ˈælədʒi]n.过敏;变态反应84. toothache [ˈtuːθeɪk]n.牙痛85. vaccination [ˌvæksɪˈneɪʃən]n.接种疫苗;注射疫苗;种痘; 牛痘疤86. immunization [ˌɪmjunaɪˈzeɪʃn]n.免疫接种;免疫,免疫作用,免疫法87. nutrition [njuˈtrɪʃn ]n.营养;滋养;营养的补给88. emergency [iˈmɜːdʒənsi]n.突发事件,紧急情况;急症(病人);<美>急诊室 ad.紧急情况下使用(或出现)的,紧急的;应急的89. medical result [ˈmedɪkl rɪˈzʌlt]医疗结果;诊断结果90. chief doctor [tʃiːf ˈdɒktə ]n.主治医生;首席医师chief [tʃiːf] n.最高领导人;首领;酋长;族长;老板,先生;主要部分adj.主要的;最重要的;首要的;为首的;首席的;总的adv.主要地;首要地91. infirmary [ɪnˈfɜːməri]n.医务室;(常用于名称)医院92. clinic [ˈklɪnɪk]n.诊所;门诊部;门诊时间;会诊时间;私人诊所;专科医院;临床实习;培训班93. anesthetist [əˈnɛsθətəst]n.麻醉护士;麻醉医师94. prescription [prɪˈskrɪpʃn ]n.规定;处方,药方;验光单;医生开的药;开处方,开药;计划;秘诀,办法,良策 adj.(药物)凭处方供应的,根据处方配制的;(眼镜等)根据验光单磨制的95. take temperature [teɪk ˈtemprətʃə ]量…的体温96. injection [ɪnˈdʒekʃn]n.注射;大量资金的投入;(液体)注入,喷入97. physical inspection [ˈfɪzɪkl ɪnˈspekʃn]实际检查;物理检查;物理检验inspection [ɪnˈspekʃn] n.视察;检查;查看;审视98. contaminated [kənˈtæmɪneɪtɪd ] contaminate的过去分词和过去式adj..感染者;受污染的,弄脏的v.污染;弄脏;玷污,毒害,腐蚀(人的思想或品德)99. hormones [ˈhɔːməʊnz] hormone的复数n.激素;荷尔蒙100. immune function [ɪˈmjuːn ˈfʌŋkʃn]免疫功能;免疫机能;免疫力;免疫作用immune [ɪˈmjuːn] n.免疫者adj.有免疫力;不受影响;受保护;免除;豁免101. sleep duration [sliːp djuˈreɪʃn ]睡眠时间;睡眠持续时间duration [djuˈreɪʃn] n.期间;持续时间102. aerobics [eəˈrəʊbɪks ]n.有氧运动103. slimming drug [ˌepɪˈdemɪk]减肥药slimming [ˈslɪmɪŋ] slim的现在分词n.减肥;减轻体重v.(靠节食等)变苗条,减肥104. go for the admission procedure [ɡəʊ fɔː(r)ðəədˈmɪʃn prəˈsiːdʒə] 办理住院手续admission [ədˈmɪʃn] n.准许进入;加入权,进入权;入场费;门票费procedure [prəˈsiːdʒə] n.(商业、法律上的)程序;手术;(正常)手续;步骤105. be in hospital [bi ɪn ˈhɒspɪtl]在医院;住院;生病住院106. take injection [teɪk ɪnˈdʒekʃn]打针injection [ɪnˈdʒekʃn] n.注射;大量资金的投入;(液体)注入,喷入107. drugstore [ˈdrʌɡstɔː ]n.药店;(兼售化妆品等的)药房108. sleeping pill(tablet) [ˈsliːpɪŋ pɪ]n.安眠药109. tablet (pill) [ˈtæblət]n.药片;片剂;丸;(固定于墙上作纪念的)牌,碑,匾;一块肥皂;便笺本vt.用碑牌纪念;将(备忘录等)写在板上;将…制成小片或小块pill [pɪl] n.药丸;药片;讨厌的人;讨厌鬼vi.起球;结绒110. drug [drʌɡ]n.毒品;药;药物vt.使服麻醉药;用药麻醉;使服兴奋剂;在(食物或饮料中)投放麻醉药,下麻醉药111. TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) [trəˈdɪʃənl ˌtʃaɪˈniːz ˈmedsn ]中药;中医;中草药;中成药;中华医药112. suspected case [səˈspektɪd keɪs ]疑似病例;怀疑个案suspected [səˈspektɪd] suspect的过去分词和过去式v.疑有,觉得;感觉有问题;不信任;怀疑(某人有罪)adj.有嫌疑的,疑似……的113. rehabilitation [ˌri:əˌbɪlɪ'teɪʃn]n.康复;恢复;善后;平反;复权114. preventive [prɪˈventɪv ]adj.预防性的;防备的n.预防;防止;预防措施;预防药115. nauseate [ˈnɔːzieɪt]vt.使恶心;使作呕;使厌恶;使厌烦116. mother-to-fetus transmission母婴传播fetus [ˈfiːtəs] n.胎;胎儿transmission [trænzˈmɪʃn] n.传输;传递;传送;传达;传染117. metabolism [məˈtæbəlɪzəm ]n.新陈代谢118. latency period [leɪtənsɪˈpɪəriəd]潜伏期latency [leɪtənsɪ] n.延迟;潜伏;潜在因素period [ˈpɪəriəd] n.一段时间,时期;阶段,时代;纪;课时,学时adj.具有某个时代特征的;早期的;过去的,古代的 adv.到此为止,不再说了119. insomnia [ɪnˈsɒmniə]n.失眠症;失眠(症)120. 1CU(Intensive Care Unit) [ɪnˈtensɪv keə(r) ˈjuːnɪt]重症监护病房;重症监护室;病房;加护病房;重症加强治疗病房Intensive [ɪnˈtensɪv] adj.密集的;彻底的;十分细致的;集约的121. glucose [ˈɡluːkəʊs]n.葡萄糖;右旋糖122. diarrhea [ˌdaɪə'riːə]n.腹泻123. clinical [ˈklɪnɪkl]adj.临床的;临床诊断的;冷淡的;无动于衷的;无同情心的;简陋的;无装饰的124. cholesterol [kəˈlestərɒl]n.胆固醇125. asthma [ˈæsmə]n.气喘;哮喘126. antibiotic [ˌæntibaɪˈɒtɪk]n.抗生素(如青霉素);抗菌素adj.抗生素的;抗生的;抗菌的;抗菌作用的127. Centers for Disease Control [ˈsɛntəz fɔː(r) dɪˈziːz kənˈtrəʊl]疾病控制中心;疾病防治中心;疾病管制局128. herb (herbal) medicine [hɜːb ˈmedsn]中药;中草药;草药herbal [ˈhɜːbl] adj.药草的;香草的n.草本植物志;(尤指)草药志herbal [ˈhɜːbl] adj.药草的;香草的129. nausea [ˈnɔːziə]n.恶心;作呕;反胃130. case history [ˈkeɪs hɪstri]n.(医生用的)病历;(社会工作者用的)个案史131. aspirin [ˈæsprɪn]n.阿司匹林(镇痛解热消炎药)132. sleep deficiency [sliːp dɪˈfɪʃns]睡眠不足;睡眠缺乏deficiency [dɪˈfɪʃnsi] n.缺乏;缺少;不足;缺点;缺陷133. timely medical treatment [ˈtaɪmliˈmedɪkl ˈtriːtmənt]及时的医疗timely [ˈtaɪmli] adj.及时的,适时的;<古> 早的adv.及地,适时地;<古> 早medical treatment [ˈmedɪkl ˈtriːtmənt] 医疗;医学治疗134. receive free medical treatment [rɪˈsiːv friːˈmedɪkl ˈtriːtmənt]接受免费医疗135. out of the blue [aʊt ɒv ðə bluː ]突然;出乎意料地136. adjust one's blood pressure [əˈdʒʌstwʌnsˈblʌd preʃə]调整血压adjust [əˈdʒʌst] v.调整;调节;适应;习惯;整理137. medical security [ˈmedɪkl sɪˈkjʊərəti]医疗保障;医疗安全。
2022普陀区高三英语二模试卷及答案
2022普陀区高三英语二模试卷及答案普陀区2022学年第二学期高三英语质量调研〔考试时间 120分钟试卷总分值 150分〕第I卷〔共103分〕I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard. 1. A. At a booking office. C. On a busy street. 2. A. Customer and assistant. C. Dentist and patient.B. In a Hong Kong hotel. D. At an airport. B. Father and daughter. D. Teacher and student.C. It is 4: 50 now.D. It is 5:00 now. B. Paul brought the tape to the party. D. Paul lent his tape to Jack. B. At the riverside. D. At his office.3. A. It is 4: 10 now. B. It is 4: 20 now.4. A. The tape was missing.5. A. At home.C. The tape had been returned to Jack. C. At the health center.6. A. The woman has been complaining too much. B. The woman’s headache will go away by itself. C. The woman should have seen the doctor earlier.D. The woman should confirm her appointment with the doctor. 7. A. She is quite. C. She is sociable.B. she is talkative. D. She is active.8. A. People should have taken things more seriously. B. People should avoid being killed unexpectedly. C. People should have made greater achievement. D. People should not spend their time doing nothing. 9. A.The man was the only survivor of an air crash. B. People on board were frightened and tried to escape. C. The man has always been very lucky in accidents. D. A few passengers came back home safe and sound. 10. A. It’s quiet in the restaurant. C. The restaurant serves good food.高三英语质量调研 1 / 15B. The price is high in the restaurant. D. The restaurant is too far from their school.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short. C. When homework is given. D. When your mother talks.12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words. C. Your mind and ears. D. Some pictures. 13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind. C. Some details. D. School assignments. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. A hurricane may occur within the next 36 hours. B. A hurricane may occur within the next 24 hours. C.A hurricane may occur within the next 14 hours. D. A hurricane may occur within the next 12 hours. 15. A. You should store some medicine for diseases like the flu.B. You should keep a cell phone with you to keep informed of the storm’s path.C. You should transfer your valuables to safe places first.D. You should plan your escape route and an alternative route early.16. A. A camera. B. A working radio. C. A list of your valuables. D. A water proof container. Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer. World Health Day Date: __17__ 7th is World Health Day. Purpose: To raise the __18___ of health around the world. Ways of keeping fit: Don’t take the bus for short __19___ and use the ___20_____ and not the lifts.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Mr. Miller ‘s Job Interview Note Which country does he live in? He lives in __21___. 高三英语质量调研 2 / 15What kind of job does he want? What are his strengths? What are his weaknesses then? II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section AHe wants the job as __22___ . He is good at __ 23__. He may be __24__when plans go off schedule. Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)William H. Gates, 40, is chairman and chief executive officer of Microsoft Corporation, the leading provider of software for personal computers worldwide. With net revenues (税收)of $5.94 billion for the fiscal year (财政年) ending in June 1995, Microsoft employs more than 18,000 people in 48 countries.Gates began his career in personal computer software (25)______ he started programming at age 13 while a student at the Lakeside school. In1974, (26)_____an undergraduate at Harvard University, he developed BASIC for the first microcomputer, the MITS Altair, (27)____ started the era of hobbyist computing . (28)______ (lead) by the belief that the personal computer would eventually be a valuable tool on every office desktop and in every home, Gates formed Microsoft with Paul Alien in 1975 (29)____ (develop) software for personal computers.Gates’ early foresight about personal computing and his continuing vision have been central to Microsoft and the software industry. Gates is actively (30)_____ (involve) in significant operating and strategic decisions at development and management of the company. A significant portion of his day is also devoted to (31)____(meet) with customers and staying in contact with Microsoft’s employees around the world through e-mail. Gates is married and lives in Bellevue, Washington. Gates is interested in biotechnology and sits on the boards of Darwin Molecular and the Icos Corporation. He is an avid〔渴望的〕reader and enjoys playing golf and bridge. (32)_____ technology, the company wants to make it easier and more enjoyable for people to use software. The company is committed to the long term by investing in new technology, state-of-the-art projects and new products for the further expansion of personal computing.(B)Cigarette smoking kills. That we know. So, manufactures made electronic cigarettes as a safer smoking choice---safer than tobacco.E-cigarettes contain the drug nicotine like cigarettes. But they do not use tobacco. And you do not light (33) . They are powered by battery. So, if e-cigarettes are so safe, why have poison control centers around the United States seen an increase(34) telephone calls about e-cigarette poisonings? The answer is children.Most of the calls are from people worried about children who have played with the devices.高三英语质量调研 3 / 15In the period of one month this year, the United States Centers for Disease Control say 215 peoplecalled the Center with e-cigarette concerns. More than half of these calls were for children(35) _______(age) five and younger. The devices apparently had made them sick.Tim McAfee is director of the CDC’s Office on Smoking and Health. He says the problem is regulation, meaning the U.S. Federal government does not control e-cigarettes(36) ____ they contain liquid nicotine.Mr. McAfee adds that liquid nicotine is a well-known danger.―Nicotine historically has been used as a pesticide in the United States. And that’s where we have really had for many, many decades significant poisonings when people got exposed to nicotine that was in liquid solutions.‖Mr. McAfee explains that nicotine poisoning happens(37) the substance gets into the skin, gets into the eyes or is swallowed. Even a small amount, he says,(38) make a person sick. Nicotine poisoning can cause stomach pain or a sense of imbalance. Headaches and seizures 〔突发疾病〕are also common sighs of nicotine poisoning. And too much nicotine can kill.Tim McAfee says e-cigarettes do not create the level of risk to people as tobacco products do. He notes that almost 500,000 Americans die each year from cigarettes.―So, cigarettes are the winner in that contest. And we don’t really know what’s going to happen with e-cigarettes.‖E-cigarettes do not contain hundreds of harmful chemicals(39) _____ are found in real cigarettes. So, the U.S. Surgeon General has suggested that e-cigarettes may be a useful tool for adults(40) (try) to end their tobacco use, or quit.But McAfee worries that teenagers may think electronic cigarettes are harmless. They could become addicted, or hooked, on the nicotine and then start smoking real cigarettes. In other words, he fears that for young people fake (假装)e-cigarettes could be a ―gateway‖ to the real thing. Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. predictsB. operationC. employD. limitedE. majorityF. environmentallyG. depositH. similarI. dreamsJ. necessaryK. estimate We’re waiting to take trips to outer space. When will it happen? According to individuals in Space Adventures is taking reservations for the flights, __41__ to the first mannedthe growing field of space tourism, it may be in five or fifty years. spaceflights. The trip will cost $90,000, with a $6,000 __42__ required. More than 200 people have made reservations, said Sarah, Dalton, the company spokeswoman.John Spencer of the Space Tourism Society says that a more realistic __43__ for regular space travel is 50 years. Issues of expense, difficulty, and danger must still be resolved. Oh yes – a reusable vehicle must also be invented. He adds, however, that ten years from now, a __44__ number of people may be able to visit a space station. He says he expects a fleet of private space vehicles or ―space yachts‖ (游艇) to be in __45__ in 20 to 25 years. They will do what he calls ―orbital super yachting.‖After that, there will be cruise lines, like those that travel the Earth’s oceans, as well as space hotels and resorts.There have been only a few studies to determine the public’s interest in space tourism, but they all conclude that a __46__ of people would like to visit space and would be willing to pay高三英语质量调研 4 / 15good money for it.According to expert Patrick Collins, between 5 million and 20 million people will head for space by 2030. He also __47__ 100 flights a day leaving Earth. It would be __48__ to have more than 100 hotels in Earth’s orbit 〔轨道〕, a few more orbiting the moon, and a few on the moon's surface. These hotels would __49__ more than 100,000 people, who would work month-long shifts. Each hotel would have a service station. Such service stations would provide oxygen, water, and hydrogen. They might also ship __50__ safe electric power back to Earth.If all the issues can be resolved, Collins says that space tourism could one day become a $1 trillion.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world, children can suffer from a different kind of poverty — of the spirit. 51 , one Western country alone now sees 14, 000 attempted suicides ( 自杀 ) every year by children under 15, and one child 52 five needs psychiatric (心理) advice.There are many good things about 53 in the Third World. Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents, relatives and neighbours for example. In the West, the very nature of work puts distance between 54 and children. But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices. 55 , the child sees mother and father, relations and neighbours working 56 and often shares in that work.A child 57 in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community's work : helping to dig or build, look after animals or babies --- rather than through playing with water and sand in kindergarten, keeping pets 58 playing with dolls.These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the western children. Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions of the sun or the moon in the sky. Children in the rich world, 59 , are provided with a watch as one of the 60 signs of growing up, so that they can 61 along with their parents about being late for school times, meal times, bed times, the times of TV shows.Third World children do not usually 62 to stay indoors, still less in highrise apartments (公寓) . Instead of dangerous roads, \off the grass\signs and \speak to strangers\there is often a sense of 63 to study and play. Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them64 from ten floors up.65 , twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease. But childhood in the Third World is not all bad. 51.A. As usualB. For instanceC. In factD. In other words 52. A. by B. in C. to D. under 53. A. childhood B. poverty C. spirit D. survival 54. A. adults B. fathers C. neighbours D. relatives 55. A. Anyhow B. However C. Instead D. Still 56. A. away B. alone C. along D. nearby 57. A. growing up B. living through C. playing D. working高三英语质量调研 5 / 15。
很多人涌入城市,会产生很多问题英语作文
很多人涌入城市,会产生很多问题英语作文Many People Moving to Cities Causes Lots of ProblemsNowadays, more and more people are moving from the countryside to big cities. This might seem like a good thing at first, but it's actually causing a lot of problems that are making city life harder. Let me tell you about some of the biggest issues happening because of all these people flooding into cities.Traffic Jams EverywhereOne of the biggest headaches is the terrible traffic. With so many more people living and working in cities, there are just way too many cars on the roads. It takes forever to get anywhere because you're stuck in gridlock traffic all the time. The roads get so congested and clogged up. My mom says her commute to work, which used to take 20 minutes, now takes over an hour some days because of traffic. And it's not just during rush hour anymore - the roads seem jammed up all day and night. All those idling cars are also really bad for air pollution too.Not Enough HousingAnother huge problem is that there isn't enough housing for everyone that wants to live in the city. With such high demand, landlords can charge crazy high rents that a lot of people can'tafford. My friend's family had to move because their rent went up by hundreds of dollars and they couldn't pay it anymore. A lot of people end up having to live in cramped, run-down apartments because that's all they can find. Some people even end up homeless on the streets because there's just no housing available that fits their budget.Overcrowded SchoolsSpeaking of overcrowding, our schools are getting way too full too. More kids than ever are enrolled, but there isn't enough funding to hire more teachers or build new school buildings. So we end up with these crazy big class sizes of 35 or 40 students crammed into rooms meant for 20 kids. It's really hard for teachers to give enough attention to every student. And the schools are so overcrowded that we even have to have some classes held in temporary trailer classrooms outside. It's not a good environment for learning.Too Much TrashHave you ever seen how much trash piles up on city streets? It's pretty gross. With all the people living in densely populated areas, there's just way more waste being produced than the sanitation systems can handle. You see overflowing dumpsters and trashcans everywhere, with garbage strewn all over. Anddon't even get me started on the smells! It attracts rodents and pests too. My friend's mom is always paranoid about rats getting into their apartment.處理所有这些垃圾真是一个大麻烦和重担。
英语新闻作文健康报告格式
英语新闻作文健康报告格式Title: Health Report: The Importance of Regular Exercise。
Introduction。
Health is the most valuable asset a person can possess. Without good health, it is difficult to enjoy life to the fullest. In order to maintain good health, it is essential to engage in regular exercise. This health report will discuss the importance of regular exercise, the benefits it provides, and the different types of exercise that can be incorporated into a daily routine.The Importance of Regular Exercise。
Regular exercise is crucial for maintaining good health and preventing various diseases. It helps to strengthen the immune system, improve cardiovascular health, and maintain a healthy weight. Additionally, exercise has been shown toreduce the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and certain types of cancer. In addition to the physical benefits, regular exercise also has a positive impact on mental health, helping to reduce stress, anxiety, and depression.Benefits of Regular Exercise。
HEALTH REPORT - Looking for Weight-Loss Answers
HEALTH REPORT - Looking for Weight-Loss AnswersBy Caty Weaver / Broadcast date: Wednesday, April 11, 2007This is the VOA Special English Health Report.A listener has written from China for advice about how to lose weight. Michael in Shanghai says he is twenty-six years old and hasbattled obesity for most of his life.Doctors say obesity, also known as severe overweight,is a complex condition. A doctor may advise medicalinterventions in addition to changes in behavior. Butexperts say the most successful weight-loss plansinclude a well-balanced diet and exercise.People who want to avoid weight gain have to balance the number of calories they eat with the number ofcalories they use. To lose weight, you can reduce the number of calories you take in, or increase the number you use, or both.Experts at the National Institutes of Health say to lose weight, a person should do an hour of moderate to intensive physical activity most days of the week. This could include fast walking, sports or strength training.You should also follow a nutritious eating plan and take in fewer calories than your body uses each day.A recent study looked at four of the most popular dieting plans in the United States. Researchers at Stanford University in California studied more than three hundred overweight women, mostly in their thirties and forties.Each woman went on one of the four plans: Atkins, The Zone, Ornish or LEARN. The women attended diet classes and received written information about the food plans. At the end of a year, the women on the Atkins diet had lost the most, more than four and one-half kilograms on average. They also did better on tests including cholesterol levels and blood pressure.Exercise and calorie control areimportant to losing weightChristopher Gardner led the study, reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association. He says the Atkins diet may be more successful because of its simple message to lower intake of sugars. Also, he says the advice to increase protein in the diet leads to more satisfying meals.He says there was not enough money to also study men, but that men would probably have similar results.But last week, another report suggested that only a small minority of people have long-term success with dieting. The report in the journal American Psychologist was based on thirty-one studies.Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, medical school found that most dieters regained their lost weight within five years. And often they gained back even more. But those who kept the weight off generally were the ones who exercised. And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by Caty Weaver. I'm Katherine Cole.。
2023-2024学年江苏省南通市高二上学期期中考试英语质量检测模拟试题(含答案)
2023-2024学年江苏省南通市高二上学期期中考试英语质量检测模拟试题第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分)听下面5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Andy do this weekend?A. Enjoy some music.B. Visit a friend.C. Stay at home.:2. What did the man do recently?A. He worked hard.B. He went on vacation.C. He visited his relative.3. How is the man feeling?A. He is sick.B. He is tired.C. He is relaxed.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a car.B. At a bus stop.C. At a parking lot.5. What is wrong with Sarah?A. Her bike was broken.B. She was badly hurt.C. She was fairly frightened.第二节 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分)听下面5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man doing?A. Hosting a program.B. Conducting a survey.C. Doing some shopping.7. Who is the woman shopping with?A. Her friend.B. Her schoolmate.C. Her husband.听第 7 段材料,回答第 8至 10 题。
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HEALTH REPORT - Surgeon General Says Secondhand Smoke Unsafe at Any Level By Caty Weaver
Broadcast: Wednesday, July 19, 2006
This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
Scientific evidence has been building about the dangers to people
who do not smoke from those who do. Now the top doctor in the
United States says the evidence cannot be argued: secondhand
tobacco smoke is a serious public health risk.
Recently Surgeon General Richard Carmona released the
government's largest report ever on secondhand smoke. For
example, it says nonsmokers increase their risk of lung cancer by up
to thirty percent if they live with a smoker. Doctor Carmona noted the added dangers faced by children who have to breathe
secondhand smoke. These children are at increased risk for sudden infant death syndrome, severe breathing problems and ear infections. The report says smoking by parents also slows lung growth in their children.
Children are especially at risk from the poisonous chemicals in tobacco smoke because their bodies are still developing.
Smoking during pregnancy can lead to babies with low birth weight. And low birth weight can lead to many health problems.
The surgeon general says there is no safe level of secondhand smoke. Effects in the blood can be seen after even a short time in a smoky room.
Scientists have estimated that secondhand smoke kills about fifty thousand adults in the United States each year. Most of these nonsmokers die from heart disease, the others from lung cancer. Also, an estimated four hundred thirty newborn babies die from sudden infant death syndrome as a result of secondhand smoke.
Scientists have identified more than fifty cancer-causing substances in secondhand smoke. Tobacco smoke also damages blood passages. And it reduces the ability of the heart to
correct abnormal heartbeats.
Smoking
The report says separating smokers from nonsmokers or trying to clean the air in buildings is not enough protection. Doctor Carmona noted the progress in establishing smoke-free public places in the United States. Blood tests show that Americans are being exposed to secondhand smoke in fewer numbers and at lower levels since the late nineteen eighties.
But the surgeon general says almost half of all nonsmokers in the United States are still breathing tobacco smoke at home, work or both.
The first surgeon general's report warning about the dangers of cigarettes came out in nineteen sixty-four.
And that's the VOA Special English Health Report for this week, written by Caty Weaver. Transcripts and archives are at . I'm Shep O'Neal.。