[大家网]山东科技大学考研真题
山东科技大学系统工程2008,2009,2011--2019年考研真题
一、简答题（每题10分，共100分）1、简述系统的特性。
2、简述系统工程方法论的内容，并列举典型的系统工程方法论。
3、简述系统分析的内涵及意义。
4、简述系统结构和功能的关系。
5、回答系统模型的定义，并说明对模型的要求。
6、简述系统仿真的内涵。
7、简述不确定性决策的条件。
8、简述切克兰德方法论的主要内容和工作过程。
9、简述系统工程方法的特点。
10、简述费用和效益的含义。
二、计算题（共20分）根据图1所描述系统基本结构的有向图建立邻接矩阵A，并求其可达矩阵M。
S2S5S4图1三、综合题（共30分）请解释SWOT分析法的主要内容，并结合自身实际情况基于SWOT分析法做出研究生教育的生涯规划。
山东科技大学2008年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试一、定义（每题5分，共30分）1．系统工程2．系统分析3．系统仿真4．柔性战略5．技术创新6．黑箱方法二、简答题（每题5分，共30分）1．当代系统工程的新发展包括哪些内容？2．系统分析的原则有哪些？3．模型的简化有哪几个方法？4．SD中有哪些基本DYNAMO方程？5．一般系统论的基本观点？6．决策分析的程序？三、作图题（每题12分，共24分）1．绘出闭环控制系统的框图。
2．绘出系统评价程序示意图。
四、计算题 （共46分）1．有如下判断矩阵A ，求其权值，并进行一致性检验，其中：随机一致性指标R.I=0.58 （18分）A=⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛1535113131312．某个体户由外地往北京运菜，如北京市场好，可按原价卖出3车；如市场为中可卖2车；如市场差，只能卖1车，每车6000千克，每千克赚1元。
如超过以上市场情况多运，则多运的部分要便宜处理，每千克损失5角。
按照以往的统计规律市场好的概率为0.3，中为0.5，差为0.2，求该问题的全情报价值。
（14分）3．某汽车股份公司根据2005年汽车需求量预测，制定了以下三个车身开发目标方案：1）全面引进技术，进口设备；2）全部依靠自己的力量，改造生产线；3）自行改造为主，技术引进为辅。
山东科技大学结构力学2004--2020年考研初试真题
D.常变体系。
图1图2、如图2所示结构，杆1的轴力FF P； B.-2F P；F P/2； D.-1.12F P。
、如图3所示结构，当其高度h增加时，水平支座反力F Ax（）A.增大；B.减少；C.不变；D.不确定。
图3图44、如图4所示结构，在给定荷载作用下，BA为（）A．F P l；B．F P l/2；C．F P l/4；D．F P l/8。
5、机动法作静定梁影响线应用的原理为（）A.变形条件；B.平衡条件；C.虚功原理；D.叠加原理。
共4页第1页C.0.05rad；D.0.06rad。
图5图66所示结构，可视为多余约束的三根链杆是（）、6、7； B.3、6、8；6、7； D.5、6、7。
7所示结构，梁式杆EI=常数，桁架杆常数，杆AB的轴力为（）拉力； B.压力；零； D.无法确定。
图7图8、如图8所示结构，截面C的剪力影响线在处的竖标y E的绝对值为（）A.1；B.l；0.5； D.0.5l。
二、填空题（共20分，每题4分）、如图9所示体系的计算自由度W=①。
、用力法计算图10所示结构时，取A、B支座反力为基本未知量：X1，X2。
当EI1增大时，力法方程中∆1P②。
（填不变、增大或减小）共4页第2页共4页第3页图9图103、如图11所示结构，已知I 1/I 2=K ，则|M AB |/|M DC |=③。
4、如图12所示结构，已知力偶矩M =16kN·m ，则杆端弯矩M DA =④。
（顺时针为正）图11图125、如图13所示结构，各杆EI =常数，忽略杆件轴向变形，M CA =⑤。
图13图14三、计算题（共100分，每题20分）1、如图14所示刚架，忽略杆件轴向变形。
绘制刚架的剪力图，并求C 点的竖向位移ΔC V 。
2、如图15所示桁架，计算指定杆件1、2、3的轴力。
3、用力法计算图16所示刚架，并作出刚架的弯矩图。
已知I /A =10。
共4页第4页图15图164、用位移法计算图17所示刚架，并作出刚架的弯矩图。
山东科技大学普通化学2013--2020年考研初试真题
子是
(A) 2，0，0，-½
(B) 2，1，0，-½
(C) 3，2，0，-½
(D) 3，1，0, +½
2、HgCl2 分子的空间构型为
(A) 平面三角形
(B) 正四面体
(C) 直线形
(D) 三角锥形
3、下列各组量子数中，合理的为 (A) n=3, l=3, m=+2 (C) n=4, l=2, m=-2
5
1
(A) BF3 (B)BeCl2 (C)B2H6 (D)CO2
9、已知 2H2(g)+S2(g)
2H2S(g)
Kp1
2Br2(g)+2H2S(g) 2H2(g)+ 2Br2(g)
4HBr+S2(g) 4HBr(g)
Kp2 Kp3
则 Kp3 等于
(A) (Kp1/Kp2)1/2
(B) (Kp2/Kp1)1/2
(A)盐效应 (B)同离子效应 (C)盐效应和同离子效应同时起作用 (D)不能确定
12、 按离子的电子构型不同，Fe2+属于
(A)8 电子构型 (B) 2 电子构型
(C) 9-17 电子构型
(D) 18 电子构型
13、下列半反应的配平系数从左至右依次为
NO3－ + H + + e = NO + H2O
(A)1，3，4，2，1 (B) 2，4，3，2，1 (C) 1，6，5，1，3 (D) 1，4，3，1，2
14、溶液中含有Ca2+、Pb2+和Ni2+三种离子，其浓度均为0.010mol·L-1，向该溶液中逐滴加入NaCO3
溶液时，最先和最后沉淀的分别是
(A)CaCO3 和 PbCO3 (B) NiCO3 和 CaCO3 (C) NiCO3 和 PbCO3 (D) PbCO3 和 NiCO3
山东科技大学电路2004--2019年考研真题
4、当 t=0 时,开关 S 由 1→2，求电感电压和电流。（14 分）
5、如图所示稳态电路中，已知 R =1 ，L
1= c
3
。求：AB 端的输入阻抗
ZAB(10 分)
6、已知电路
A
为线性无源电路。当
E 1
10V
, IS2
1A 时， U 3V ；当
E 1
5V ,IS 2
1A 时，U
图4
B. Z=2+j2Ω, I 2 2 A D. Z=1+j1Ω, I 2 2 A
6. 电路如图 5 所示，则 AB 两端的等效电阻为：
A ＋
I
U －－ B
R
＋
βU －
图5
A．R
B．
1
R
C．
1
R
1
D.
R
二、（20分）已知电路如图6所示，试用戴维南定理求：
1.当RL为多大时，输出的功率最大。
＋
j10Ω B
2I
U S
10Ω
－
D 图8
五、（20 分）正弦交流电路如图 9 所示，已知 A1 的读数为10 2 A , A2 的读数为10 A ,
试求： 1. 电流 I 和电压 US。 2. 感抗 XL1。 3. 判断出负载的性质。 4. 电源供出的有功功率。
I
R1
A
＋
10Ω
U S
－
A1
-j5Ω R2 5Ω
1、如图1所示电路中的电压源的电流i ___①____A，受控电流源两端的电压u _
②___V。
图1
图2
2、如图 2 所示电路中 AB 端口的输入电阻 R= _ ③ __Ω，AB 端口的电压 U = _④___V，
山东科技大学考研真题
Part I Reading Comprehension (2*25=50 points)Directions: There are five passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Decide on the best choice.Passage 1Children learn almost nothing from television, and the more they watch the less they remember. They regard television purely as entertainment, resent programs that demand on them and are surprised that anybody should take the medium seriously. Far from being over-excited by programs, they are mildly bored with the whole thing. These are the main conclusions from a new study of children and television. The author——Cardiac Cullingford confirms that the modern child is a dedicated viewer. The study suggests that there is little point in the later hours. More than a third of the children regularly watch their favorite programs after 9 p.m. All 11-year-olds have watched programs after midnight.Apart from the obvious waste of time involved, it seems that all this viewing has little effect. Children don’t pay close attention, says Cullingford, and they can recall few details. They can remember exactly which programs they have seen but they can rarely explain the elements of a particular plot. “Reca ll was in reverse proportion to the amount they had watched”. It is precisely because television, unlike a teacher, demands so little attention and response that children like it, argues Cullingford. Programs seeking to put over serious messages are strongly disliked. So are people who frequently talk on screen. What children like most, and remember best, are the advertisements. They see them as short programs in their own right and particularly enjoy humorous presentation. But again, they react strongly against high-pressure advertisements that attempt openly to influence them.On the other hand, they are not emotionally involved in the programs. If they admire the stars, it is because the actors lead glamorous lives and earn a lot of money, not because of their fictional skills with fast cars and shooting villains. They are perfectly clear about the functions of advertisements; by the age of 12, only one in 10 children believes what even favorite ads say about the product. And says Cullingford, educational television is probably least successful of all in imparting attitudes or information.1. The study of children and television shows that_______.A. it is useless for television companies to delay adult viewing to the later hours.B. It is a waste of time for children to watch adult programs on TV.C. Children should not watch television programs late into the night.D. Children are supposed to learn a lot from television programs.2. “Recall was in reverse proportion to the amount they had watched” (in Para.2) has almost the same meaning as________.A. “the more they watch the less they remember”. (in Para. 1)B. “Programs seeking to put over serious messages are strongly disliked”. (in Para. 2)C.“They see them as short programs in their own right”. (in Para. 2)D. “educational television is probably least successful of all in imparting attitudes or information”. (in Para. 3)3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the new study of children and television?A. Some children stay up late to watch the programs they likeB. Children enjoy watching challenging programs.C. Children don’t like serious messages and high-pressured ads.D. Though children like watching ads, most of them don't believe what ads say about the product.4. Cullingford concludes that_______.A. children are excited when they watch TV.B. Watching TV has little real effect on children.C. Parents should spend less time watching TV.D. Parents should be worried about the effect of TV on children.5. Whom would the result of the new study upset?A. The advertisers.B. The children viewers.C. The movie stars.D. The educators.Passage 2Mrs. Lester kept on asking her husband to take her to the ballet. Mr. Lester hates the ballet, but when his employers invited him and his wife, he could not get out of it. As they drove to the theatre that evening, the fog got worse and worse. The traffic slowed down to a walking pace and almost stopped. When they eventually got to the theatre, the ballet was over. Mrs. Lester could not work out how it had taken them so long to get there, even taking the fog into account. The theatre was within walking distance of their house. It took her a long time to get over the disappointment.A month later, Mrs. Lester found out what had happened. Mr. Lester told a friend of his that he had taken wrong turning on purpose. This friend told his wife, and the wife immediately went around to tell Mrs. Lester. The two women began to plan revenge. One day, when Mr. Lester was not in, they broke into his study, which he always locked. His hobby was collecting old coins. Mrs. Lester had already worked out how much his collection was worth: $850! They were taking some coins out of the case when they heard a car pull upoutside the house. Mrs. Lester quickly switched the light off, and they waited, holding their breath. The front door opened and Mr. Lester came in. They heard him take his coat off. He walked towards the study door and opened it. There was no chance for the women to get away without being seen. Mr. Lester switched the light on and was astounded to see his wife standing there with a handful of valuable coins. It took both husband and wife a long time to get over this.6. Which of the following is correct?A. Mr. Lester likes to watch ballet.B. Mrs. Lester likes to watch ballet.C. Both of them like to watch balletD. Neither of them likes to watch ballet.7. It was quite ____when they drove to the theatre.A. rainyB. stormyC. cloudyD. foggy8. The theater is _____from Mr. and Mrs. L ester’s.A. an hour-drivingB. in the other side of the cityC. very nearD. half an hour of bicycle riding9. The wife of Mr. Lester’s friend is a_____.A. social workerB. house cleanerC. baby sitterD. gossip10. How many persons are mentioned in this story?A. ThreeB. FourC. FiveD. Six.Passage 3Educating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world. Women’s education may be unusual terri tory for economists, but enhancing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics, with its emphasis on incentives, provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else’s family and bear children. Girls are thus se en as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school-the prophecy becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle of neglect.An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 per cent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant impact on health practices, including family planning.11. The author argues that educating girls in developing countries is _______.A. rewardingB. troublesomeC. expensiveD. labor-saving12. By saying “... the prophecy becomes self-fulfilling...” (Para. 2), the author means that __.A. girls will eventually find their goals in life beyond reachB. girls will be increasingly discontented with their life at homeC. girls will be capable of realizing their own dreamsD. girls will turn out to be less valuable than boys13. The author believes that a vicious circle can turn into a virtuous circle when _______.A. women care more about educationB. parents can afford their daughters’ educationC. girls can gain equal access to educationD. a family has fewer but healthier children14. What does the author say about women’s education?A. It has aroused the interest of a growing number of economists.B. It will yield greater returns than other known investments.C. It is now given top priority in many developing countries.D. It deserves greater attention than other social issues.15. The passage mainly discusses _______.A. unequal treatment of boys and girls in developing countriesB. the major contributions of educated women to societyC. the economic and social benefits of educating womenD. the potential earning power of well-educated womenPassage 4David Thomson is an electronics technician, trained by the U.S. Navy, who writes instruction books for complicated equipment. He believes that every person is surrounded by a force field that can broadcast emotions to other human beings. The ability to receive such fo rce fields, Thomson believes, explains how one can sense another’s fear, nervousness, aggression, panic, or friendliness.This theory of emotional communication occurred to Thomson when he told a psychiatrist, Dr. Jack Ward, that he was certain his own hypertension made those near him uncomfortable. To demonstrate the theory, Thomson constructed a transmitter capable ofgenerating an electromagnetic field similar to that of a man beset by hyper anxiety. For a year, with this in his pocket, Thomson made people miserable. He would find a hungry man delightedly preparing to eat a steak in a restaurant, turn on the transmitter, and watch as the man became tense and irritable and finally left with his steak uneaten. In another test, Thomson cleared a crowded room in fifteen minutes. Such an exodus could not be due, Thomson observed, to personality problems alone.Dr. Ward, who had become Thomson’s partner, insisted that there was already misery enough in the world. Thomson fashioned a “happiness transmitter,” which can duplicate the force field of a contented man. University psychologists in the United States report some encouraging results in current tests of the Thomson-and-Ward transmitter.The “happiness machine” has many possibilities. Thomson has speculated on its use near disturbed or anxious patients in hospitals, and in unruly crowds. Tranquility, like panic and violence, may be contagious.16. The theory is based on belief in the existence of______.A. complicated equipmentB. individual force fieldsC. nervousnessD. aggression17. The theory occurred to Thomson because he was convinced that people near him .A. could hypnotize himB. could make him feel uncomfortableC. were reading his thoughts D were affected by his hypertension18. For his first demonstrations, Thomson chose people who____.A. were in a happy moodB. seemed hyper anxiousC. were aggressiveD. Both B and C19. The Thomson-and-Ward transmitter was constructed because____.A. university psychologists suggested itB. the “misery machine” had not workedC. Dr. Ward felt there was misery enoughD. Police forces asked for it20. Thomson has speculated on_____.A. some helpful uses of a “happiness machine”B. possi ble wrongful uses of a “happiness machine”C. the disadvantages of a tranquil populationD. the final report on the psychologists’ testsPassage 5Does a bee know what is going on in its mind when it navigates its way to distant food sources and back to the hive, using polarized sunlight and the tiny magnet it carries as a navigational aid? Or is the bee just a machine, unable to do its mathematics and dance its language in any other way? To use Dondald Griffin’s term, does a bee have “awareness”, or to use a phrase I like better, can a bee think and imagine?There is an experiment for this, or at least an observation, made long ago by Karl von Firsch and more recently confirmed by James Gould in Princeton. Biologists who wish to study such things as bee navigation, language, and behavior in general have to train their bees to fly from the hive to one or another special place. To do this, they begin by placing a source of sugar very close to the hive so that the bees (considered by their trainers to be very dumb beasts) can learn what the game is about. Then, at regular interval, the dish or whatever is moved progressively farther and farther from the hive, in increments of about 25 percent at each move. Eventually, the target is being moved 100 feet or more at a jump, very far from the hive. Sooner or later, while this process is going on, the biologist shifting the dish of sugar will find the bees are out there waiting for them, precisely where the next position had been planned. This is an uncomfortable observation to make.21. The best title for the passage is_____A. Teaching the Bees to NavigateB. Testing the Awareness of BeesC. Navigational Techniques of BeesD. Behaviorists Versus Biologists: A Zoological Debate22. The word “awareness” in Paragrap h One appears in quotation marks in order to ____A. show the author’s preference for the termB. indicate that it is being used humorouslyC. acknowledge Donald Griffin’s previous use of the termD. point out that it was used differently earlier in the passage23. In the second paragraph Karl von Frisch is mentionedA. to introduce his observation on bee behaviorB. to contrast his theories with those of James GouldC. acknowledge Donald Griffin’s previous use of the termD. point out that it was used differently earlier in the passage24. According to the author, sugar was used in the study______A. to reward the bees for performing the experiment correctlyB. to train the bees to travel to a particular placeC. to ensure that the bees knew where the hive wasD. to ensure that the bees would obey the orders25. The result of the experiment explained in the passage seems to indicate that______A. research using bees is too dangerous to be conducted successfullyB. bees are unable to navigate beyond 100 feet their hiveC. scientists can teach bees to navigateD. bees are able to perform limited reasoning tasksPart II Vocabulary and Structure (0.5*40=20 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.1. If you lie once, people will think of you as a liar and interpret your remarks ______.A. certainlyB. accordinglyC. approximatelyD. appropriately2. The lightning flashed and thunder ______.A. bumpedB. struckC. collidedD. crashed3. Success in money-making is not always a good ______ of real success in life.A. essenceB. qualificationC. decreeD. criterion4. Because a circle has no beginning or end, the wedding ring is a symbol of ______ love.A. extravagantB. prominentC. eternalD. sincere5. This is a complete ______ for enforcing the new welfare regulations.A. legislationB. blueprintC. leaseD. penalty6. The policeman tried to ______ the teenage driver to obey the traffic laws rather than fine him directly.A. induceB. perplexC. indulgeD. lure7. He kept making ______ remarks instead of straight forward yes-or-no replies.A. opaqueB. ambiguousC. doubtfulD. oriental8. The managing director took the _____ for the accident, although it was not really his fault.A. guiltB. claimC. blameD. accusation9. There is something wrong with my TV set, I must have it ______.A. checkingB. checkC. to checkD. checked10. All flights ______ because of the storm, they decided to take the train.A. having cancelledB. were cancelledC. have been cancelledD. having been cancelled11. At last they succeeded ______ the job.A. to persuade him toB. in persuading him to takeC. to persuade him takingD. in persuading him taking12. The electric shaver ______ before it can be used.A. needs repairingB. requires to repairB. should be in repair D. has to be repairable13. You can fly to London this evening ______ you don’t mind changing planes in Paris.A. providedB. exceptC. unlessD. so far as14. The factory ______ next year will be one of the largest in this city.A. to buildB. to be builtC. being builtD. having been built15. Don’t say anything at the meeting unless ______.A. askingB. askedC. being askedD. to be asked16. There are several ______ leaves on the ground.A. fallingB. fallenC. to fallD. fell17. The price was very reasonable; I would gladly have paid ______ he asked.A. three times much asB. three times as many asC. as three times much asD. three times as much as18. We’d better wait ______, Peter and Tom will come very soon.A. a little longerB. more longerC. longD. as longer19. The doctors have tried ______ to save the life of the wounded soldier.A. everything possible humanlyB. humanly everything possibleC. everything humanly possibleD. humanly possible everything20. I was worried very muc h because I’ll miss my flight if the bus arrives ______.A. latelyB. lateC. latterD. more later21. It is ______ that I would like to go to the beach.A. so nice weatherB. such nice weatherC. so nice a weatherD. such a nice weather22. The reason why so many people sit before the television tonight is that there will be a______ show.A. livingB. liveC. aliveD. lived23. I ______ go to bed until I ______ finished my work.A. don’t/hadB. didn’t/haveC. didn’t/hadD. don’t/have24. The students in the classroom ______ not to make so much noise.A. needB. oughtC. mustD. dare25. The differences between ______ are gradually being eliminated.A. the town and the countryB. town and countryC. a town and a countryD. a town and the country26. We have produced ______ this year as we did in 1993.A. as much cotton twiceB. as twice much cottonC. much as twice cottonD. twice as much cotton27. ______ of the buildings were ruined.A. Three fourthB. Three fourC. Three-fourthsD. Three-four28. She went to the countryside ______.A. in the morning at nine / on June first, 1968B. on June first, 1968 / in the morning at nineC. at nine in the morning / on June first, 1968D. on June first, 1968 / at nine in the morning29. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ______ covered with water.A. areB. isC. wereD. be30. The Olympic Games are held ______.A. every four yearsB. every four yearC. every fourth yearsD. every four-years31. ______, wherever he lives, a man belongs to some society.A. For shortB. In shortC. Of shortD. On short32. Tom has been sad recently, for his plan to go to college _____ at the last moment.A. fell outB. fell behindC. fell inD. fell through33. David likes country life and has decided to ______ farming.A. go in forB. go intoC. go throughD. go after34. Classroom testing, if well done, most certainly ___ a stimulus to study and real learning.A. acts forB. acts onC. acts asD. acts to35. The French pianist who had been praised very highly ____ to be a great disappointment.A. turned upB. turned inC. turned outD. turned down36. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are ______.A. out of workB. out of reachC. out of practiceD. out of stock37. A man who could ______ such treatment was a man of remarkable physical courage andmoral strength.A. bear uponB. insist onC. stand up toD. persist in38. Is his action consistent ______ his principles?A. withB. inC. ofD. by39. A foreign firm has bought more than half of the shares in his company and ______.A. got over itB. overtaken itC. taken it overD. overcome it40. Some animals will modify their behavior to ______ their environment.A. adapt toB. adopt toC. suit toD. conform toPart III Writing (30 points)Directions: For this part, you are to write a composition on the title of Sending Kids to Study Abroad.You should write at least 400 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1．越来越多的家长把孩子送去国外读书2．这样做的好处和缺点3．我的观点。
2020山东科技大学839机械设计基础考研参考答案解析[完整版]
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【答】 节圆：两齿轮的啮合接触点所作的两齿廓的公法线与两齿轮旋转中心连线的交点称为节点。 渐开线圆柱齿轮啮合传动时由于传动比恒定使得节点到各自中心的长度不变，则节点绕各自 中心旋转而成为节圆，两齿轮啮合则相当于两个节圆纯滚动。 分度圆：是指齿顶高与齿根高分界的圆，为便于齿轮几何尺寸的计算与测量所规定的一个基 准圆，是虚拟的圆。 节圆与分度圆区别：所以，单个齿轮没有节圆直径一说，只有两齿轮啮合，才会形成节点和 节圆。在标准齿轮传动（零变位齿轮传动）和高度变位齿轮传动（等变位齿轮传动），在标 准中心距为安装距时，节圆直径跟分度圆直径相等。
【解】正常齿制标准直齿圆柱齿轮： ha* = 1
峰云工作室
d a = d + 2ha = mz + zha*m = m(z + 2ha*)
d m
=
z
a
+ 2ha*
=
135 25 + 2
=
135 27
=
5
d = mz =125
5、已知某传动轴传递的功率 P=37kw，转速 n=900r/min，轴上有一个键槽，如果轴上的扭 矩应力不许超过 40MPa，试求该轴直径。 【解】按扭转强度估算轴颈，可得
3、简述齿轮传动的设计计算准则。
峰云工作室
4、试写出两种螺纹防松的方法，并作简要说明。
[注]参考下面的答案回答两点即可。 【答】常用的防松方法有三种：摩擦防松、机械防松和永久防松。 机械防松和摩擦防松称为可拆卸防松，而永久防松称为不可拆卸防松。 常用的永久防松方法有：点焊、铆接、粘合等。这种方法在拆卸时大多要破坏螺纹紧固件， 无法重复使用。 常见摩擦防松有：利用垫片、自锁螺母及双螺母等。 常见的机械防松方法：利用开口销、止动垫片及串钢丝绳等。 （1）摩擦防松 ①弹簧垫片防松： 弹簧垫圈材料为弹簧钢，装配后垫圈被压平，其反弹力能使螺纹间保持压紧力和摩擦力，从而实现 防松。 ②对顶螺母（双螺母）防松： 利用螺母对顶作用使螺栓式中受到附加的拉力和附加的摩擦力。由于多用一个螺母，并且工作不十 分可靠，目前已经很少使用了。 ③自锁螺母防松： 螺母一端制成非圆形收口或开缝后径向收口。当螺母拧紧后，收口胀开，利用收口的弹力使旋合螺 纹间压紧。这种防松结构简单、防松可靠，可多次拆装而不降低防松性能。 ④弹性圈螺母防松： 螺纹旋入处嵌入纤维或尼龙来增加摩擦力。该弹性圈还起防止液体泄漏的作用。 （2）机械防松 ①槽形螺母和开口销防松 槽形螺母拧紧后，用开口销穿过螺栓尾部小孔和螺母的槽，也可以用普通螺母拧紧后进行配钻销孔。 ②圆螺母和止动垫片 使垫圈内舌嵌入螺栓（轴）的槽内，拧紧螺母后将垫圈外舌之一褶嵌于螺母的一个槽内。 ③止动垫片 螺母拧紧后，将单耳或双耳止动垫圈分别向螺母和被联接件的侧面折弯贴紧，实现防松。如果 两个螺栓需要双联锁紧时，可采用双联止动垫片。
最新山东科技大学06-13采矿考研真题
11一、简答题（共7小题，每小题8分，共56分）1、选择采煤方法的影响因素有哪些？2、选择开拓延深方案的原则和要求是什么？3、斜井开拓方式的井筒布置有几种？其适用条件如何？4、简述为什么确定矿井服务年限时要考虑储量备用系数？5、采区上山布置有哪些类型？采区参数主要包括哪些内容？6、矿井技术改造的目的是什么？技术改造的内容包括那几个方面？7、简述仰斜和俯斜开采的特点。
二、论述题（共4小题，共54分）1、论述倾斜长壁采煤方法的优缺点及适用条件。
（10分）2、论述矿井几种风井布置方式的特点和适用条件。
（15分）3、论述如何合理确定开采水平垂高？（15分）4、试述综采放顶煤技术的适用条件。
（14分）三、绘图说明题（共4小题，每小题10分，共40分）1、绘图（剖面图）并说明开采水平大巷布置方式有哪几种？2、画出立井环行井底车场（大巷采用固定式矿车运输、主井采用箕斗提升）线路布置图，标注并说明图中线路名称，并在图上用符号标明调车方式。
注：重车运行：空车运行：3、绘图并说明长壁采场厂----- A 通风的几种方式及其特点？4、绘图并说明地表超充分采动盆地的形成过程。
13一、简答题（共70分）1、煤矿、煤田、井田的含义及关系如何？（6分）2、何谓开采水平？开采水平与水平有何区别？（6分）3、何为沿空留巷”其理论依据是什么？（6分）4、综采面液压支架移架方式一般有哪三种？（6分）5、说明道岔符号DX615-4-1213中各符号的含义？（6 分）6、煤田划分为井田时应遵循什么原则？（8分）7、柱式开采体系与壁式开采体系相比有何特点？（8分） &矿井生产能力、服务年限和矿井储量之间关系如何?在计算矿井服务年限时为何要考虑一定的储量备用系数？（8 分）9、目前综采放顶煤采煤法主要存在哪些问题？（8 分）10、何谓采区下部车场？根据装车地点的不同采区下部车场分为哪三种类型？（8 分）二、论述题（80 分）1、分析上、下山开采的优劣及其适用条件？（15 分）2、斜井开拓与立井开拓相比，有何优缺点？及适用条件如何？（15 分）3、设计矿井开采方案时常用哪种方法？其内容及步骤如何？（15 分）4、试分析煤层群联合准备的优劣及发展趋势。
山东科技大学结构力学考研真题2017—2019年
l图图11 所示桁架的杆1、的轴力。
a /3a /3a /3图12分）用力法计算图所示刚架，并作出弯矩图和剪力图。
已知A =1.5ABCllEIEIF PEAD图13图15D.常变体系。
图1图2、如图2所示结构，杆1的轴力FF P； B.-2F P；F P/2； D.-1.12F P。
、如图3所示结构，当其高度h增加时，水平支座反力F Ax（）A.增大；B.减少；C.不变；D.不确定。
图3图44、如图4所示结构，在给定荷载作用下，BA为（）A．F P l；B．F P l/2；C．F P l/4；D．F P l/8。
5、机动法作静定梁影响线应用的原理为（）A.变形条件；B.平衡条件；C.虚功原理；D.叠加原理。
C.0.05rad；D.0.06rad。
图5图66所示结构，可视为多余约束的三根链杆是（）、6、7； B.3、6、8；6、7； D.5、6、7。
7所示结构，梁式杆EI=常数，桁架杆常数，杆AB的轴力为（）拉力； B.压力；零； D.无法确定。
图7图8、如图8所示结构，截面C的剪力影响线在处的竖标y E的绝对值为（）A.1；B.l；0.5； D.0.5l。
二、填空题（共20分，每题4分）、如图9所示体系的计算自由度W=①。
、用力法计算图10所示结构时，取A、B支座反力为基本未知量：X1，X2。
当EI1增大时，力法方程中∆1P②。
（填不变、增大或减小）图9图103、如图11所示结构，已知I1/I2=K，则|M AB|/|M DC|=③。
4、如图12所示结构，已知力偶矩M=16kN·m，则杆端弯矩M DA=④。
（顺时针为正）图11图125、如图13所示结构，各杆EI=常数，忽略杆件轴向变形，M CA=⑤。
图13图14三、计算题（共100分，每题20分）1、如图14所示刚架，忽略杆件轴向变形。
绘制刚架的剪力图，并求C点的竖向位移ΔC V。
2、如图15所示桁架，计算指定杆件1、2、3的轴力。
山东科技大学837电路2019年考研真题
）的三个电阻接为星型。
图7
A.
B.
C.
D.
6、有三个电阻阻值 R1﹥R2﹥R3,将它们接到电压为 U 的电源上，哪一说法是正确的：（⑥ ）
A.串联时 R3 上的
C.串联时 R2 获得的功率最大 D.并联时 R3 获得的功率最大
7、在图 8 所示正弦交流电路中，已知 I 10A，则图中 I R 为( ⑦ )
A. R 6 B. R C. R 2 D. R 3
图3
2、电路如图 4 所示，已知 US1= 8V，US2= 4V。若用图 5 所示的电路代替图 1 所示的电
路，该等效理想电压源的参数 US 为( ②
)。
A. 4 V
B. 12 V
2019 年山东科技大学 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 专 业 课 真 题
一、填空题(每空 5 分,共计 35 分）请将答案写到答题纸上！
1、如图1所示电路中的电压源的电流i ___①____A，受控电流源两端的电压u _
②___V。
图1
图2
2、如图 2 所示电路中 AB 端口的输入电阻 R= _ ③ __Ω，AB 端口的电压 U = _④___V，
4、当 t=0 时,开关 S 由 1→2，求电感电压和电流。（14 分）
5、如图所示稳态电路中，已知 R =1 ，L
1= c
3
。求：AB 端的输入阻抗
ZAB(10 分)
6、已知电路
A
为线性无源电路。当
E 1
10V
, IS2
1A 时， U 3V ；当
E 1
5V ,IS 2
1A 时，U
若 AB 端接入一个可变电阻，则该电阻获得的最大功率 P= _⑤____W。
山东科技大学2005-2008年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
科目代码：417 请在答题纸（本）上做题，在此试卷及草稿纸上做题无效！山东科技大学2005-2008年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试煤矿开采学试卷一、问答题（共7小题，每小题7 分，共49 分）1、简述阶段内的再划分方式，并说明各适用于何种条件？2、简述采煤方法的含义，并说明我国常用的采煤方法有那几种？3、简述区段无煤柱护巷的理论依据、无煤柱护巷的方法及适用条件。
4、试分析采用倾斜长壁采煤法时，仰斜、俯斜开采的工艺特点。
5、煤田划分为井田时，考虑哪些主要因素？6、简要分析急倾斜煤层开采有哪些主要特点？7、简述矿井服务年限与生产能力的关系，并说明为什么要考虑储量备用系数？二、论述题（共4 小题，每小题12 分，共48 分）1、分析综采放顶煤开采技术的优越性及存在的主要问题。
2、论述深矿井开采中的地压显现特征，并说明巷道地压控制的途径。
3、分析上、下山开采的基本特点及下山开采的适用条件。
4、试分析我国煤矿井田开拓的发展方向。
三、绘图题（共4 小题，53 分）1、绘图（用剖面图）说明机采工作面单体支架的两种布置方式及特点。
（12 分）2、绘图说明开采水平大巷布置方式有哪几种？分别说明其适用条件？（15 分）3、绘图说明近距离煤层群上、下工作面同采时的最小错距，并写出其计算公式。
（12 分）4、根据单一煤层走向长壁采煤法采区巷道布置平面图，绘出沿上山位置（1-1）的剖面图。
（14 分）科目代码：419 请在答题纸（本）上做题，在此试卷及草稿纸上做题无效！山东科技大学2006年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试煤矿开采学试卷一、问答题（共8 小题，每小题7 分，共56 分）1.简述阶段内的再划分方式有哪几种？，各适用于何种条件？2.长壁采煤法有哪几种主要采煤工艺？简述我国采煤工艺的发展过程。
3.何谓采煤方法？我国较广泛采用的采煤方法有哪几种？4.简要说明采区上、中、下部车场基本类型有那些？5.综采放顶煤长壁采煤法主要有哪几种类型及其适用条件？6.简述环行式井底车场的基本类型及其调车方式？7.井田开拓方式按开采准备方式如何分类？8.何谓矿井工业储量及矿井可采储量？如何用公式表示二者之间的关系？二、论述题（共4 小题，每小题12 分，共48 分）1.与走向长壁采煤法相比，倾斜长壁采煤法的特点及适用条件是什么？2. 试述采区上山的位置及其选择？采区上山布置的类型有那些？3. 试述如何确定合理的水平垂高？4.试述采用方案比较法确定矿井开采设计方案时，一般应比较的主要项目和内容以及方案比较法的步骤？三、绘图说明题（共4 小题，46 分）1.绘图说明适宜的沿空掘巷的巷道位置及掘进时机？（12分）2.绘图说明采区下部卧式底板绕道车场形式及其适用条件（10分）3.厚煤层分层开采时区段分层平巷的布置方式有哪些？绘图说明内错式布置方式及其适用条件？（10 分）4.绘图说明单一倾斜长壁采煤法仰斜开采巷道布置，并标出巷道名称及其主要生产系统？（14 分）一、简答题（共7小题，每小题8分，共56分）1、选择采煤方法的影响因素有哪些？2、选择开拓延深方案的原则和要求是什么？3、斜井开拓方式的井筒布置有几种？其适用条件如何？4、简述为什么确定矿井服务年限时要考虑储量备用系数？5、采区上山布置有哪些类型？采区参数主要包括哪些内容？6、矿井技术改造的目的是什么？技术改造的内容包括那几个方面？7、简述仰斜和俯斜开采的特点。
山东科技大学848线性代数2004--2006,2008,2012,2014--2019年考研真题
0
7x1 7x2 3x3 x4 0
的基础解系与通解。
第1页
第2页
科目代码：409 请在答题纸（本）上做题， 在此试卷及草入纸上做题无效！
山东科技大学2005年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试 线性代数试卷
（共2页）
一、（20分，每小题10分）计算下列行列式
1 a 1 1 1 (1)D 1 1 a 1 1
1-414 22 33 23-121 11 30
-1013-13263
f x12 x22 x32 x42 2x1 x2 4x1 x3 2x1 x4 6x3 x2 4x4 x2 六、（21分）
设a1= ，a2= , a3= , 用施密特正交化过程把这组向量规范正交化。
1
1
1
五、（本题
20
分）设有向量组
A
：a1
1 2
，a2
2 1
，a3
1 4
及向量
b
0
3
，
2
3
0
1
问向量 b 能否由向量组 A 线性表示？若能，求出表示式.
（C） A 0 .
（D） A 的特征方程没有重根.
4、设 A 为三阶矩阵，将 A 的第二行加到第一行得 B ，再将 B 的第一记
P
0 0
1 0
0 1
，则（
）
(A) C P1AP .
(B) C PAP1 .
(C) C PT AP .
0
山东科技大学机械原理考研试题2017-2019
y
B1
x
外 面
C1 B2 外面 C2
4
2019山东科技大学车辆工程考研试题-机械原理818
一、（20 分）分别计算下图所示机构的自由度。
（a）
（b）
二、（20 分）图示曲柄滑块机构中，曲柄 1 在驱动力矩 作用下等速逆时针转 动。已知移动副中的滑块摩擦系数 = 0. 5；曲柄长度 = 00 mm，连杆长 度 = 局50 mm。转动副摩擦、各构件的质量和转动惯量均忽略不计。当驱动 力矩 = 局0 N·m 时，试求机构在图示位置时，所能克服的有效阻力 局。
2
2018山东科技大学考研试题-机械原理818
传动角 最小？并求出该最小传动角 min ； （3）若取曲柄的长度 lAB 15 mm，该机构是否存在急回特性？试计算出行程速 比系数 K 。
C
γmin
A
B
D
六、（15 分）一对心直动尖顶推杆盘形凸轮机构中，凸轮的基圆半径 r0 30 mm, 凸轮以等角速度 逆时针方向转动。凸轮转角 0 ~ 120 时，推杆按等速 运动规律上升 16mm； 120 ~ 180 时，推杆远休止； 180 ~ 300 时， 推杆按等加速等减速运动规律下降 16mm； 300 ~ 360 时，推杆近休止。
一、填空题（每空 2 分，共 20 分）
1、
是机器加工制造的单元体，
是机器独立运动的单元体。
2、直齿外啮合圆柱齿轮正确啮合的条件是
和
分别相等。
3、行程速比系数是
和
之比。
4、范成法加工是利用
原理来切制齿轮的。
5、在汽车发动机的配气机构中，应用最多的是
机构。
6、机构具有确定的条件是
。
7、标准外啮合齿轮在标准安装时，齿轮的分度圆与节圆的关系为
山东科技大学801系统工程2019年考研真题
二、计算题（共 20 分）
根据图 1 所描述系统基本结构的有向图建立邻接矩阵 A，并求其可达 矩阵 M。
S1
S2
S5
S3 S4
图1
三、综合题（共 30 分）
请解释 SWOT 分析法的主要内容，并结合自身实际情况基于 SWOT 分析 法做出研究生教育的生涯规划。
2019 年山东科技大学 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 专 业 课100 分）
1、简述系统的特性。 2、简述系统工程方法论的内容，并列举典型的系统工程方法论。 3、简述系统分析的内涵及意义。 4、简述系统结构和功能的关系。 5、回答系统模型的定义，并说明对模型的要求。 6、简述系统仿真的内涵。 7、简述不确定性决策的条件。 8、简述切克兰德方法论的主要内容和工作过程。 9、简述系统工程方法的特点。 10、简述费用和效益的含义。
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1． 已知信号()f t 的波形如下图所示，试画出(2)f t −、(12)f t −和'
()f t 的波形，并写出
'()f t 的表达式。
（12分）
2． 如图所示系统由3个子系统组合而成,各子系统的冲激响应分别为1h (t）
=e (t), 2h (t)=d (t-1)：试求总的系统冲激响应h(t)；（8分）
()
2h t ()
2h t ()1h t ()
x t ()
y t ∑
3． 若描述某系统的差分方程为y(k)+4y(k-1)+4y(k-2)=f(k)已知初始条件
y(0)=0,y(1)=-1;激励f(k)=2k
,k ³0，利用时域分析方法求方程的全解，并指出全解中的自由响应、强迫响应、零输入响应和零状态响应分量。
（25分）
4． 已知()()f t F j ω⇔，求下列信号的傅里叶变换。
（1）(2)tf t （2）0cos()t ω （3）()df t t
dt （4）(1)f t − （5）1
[(2)(2)]2
t t δδ++− （15分，每小题3分）
5． 已知某系统的频响特性H （j ω）及激励信号的频谱F （j ω）如题图所示,
02
-1
f (t)t
1
1
-1
F （j ω）
H （j ω）
时域相乘
f （t ）
y （t ）
10
-10
H （j ω）
5
-50
ω
ω
p （t ）
y s （t ）
E
1
（1）画出y （t ）的频谱Y （j ω）
，并写出Y （j ω）的表示式；（6分） （2）若p （t ）=cos100t ，画出y s （t ）的频谱Y s （j ω）
；（8分） （3）若分别对f （t ）、y （t ）和y s （t ）采样，则它们的最低抽样率与奈奎斯特间隔分别是多
少。
（6分）
6． 求下列时间函数的拉普拉斯变换，并指出收敛域。
（8分，每小题4分）
(1)
()21t
e t ε−− (2) 0
(1)()k k t k δ∞
=−−∑
7． 若描述LTI 连续系统的微分方程为()()()()''
'
'
1.50.50.5r t r t r t e t ++=,激励信号为
()()e t t ε=， ()01r V =, ()()'02/r V s =。
利用拉普拉斯变换求系统的零输入响应
和零状态响应，并判断自然响应和受迫响应。
（20分）
8． 求下图所示系统的单位冲激响应h(k)与单位阶跃响应y(k)。
分别用初值定理
和终值定理求单位阶跃响应的y （0）和y()∞（20分）
Σ
1
−z 1
−z -2
1
4
Σ
()
z Y -3
()
z F
9． 系统的微分方程为：
3232()5()8()()3()d d d d y t y t y t f t f t dt dt dt dt
++=+，请画出该系统的信号流图。
并判
别其是否稳定。
（14分） 10．
某一系统由一个三阶系统微分方程描述为
(3)(2)(1)210()()()()()y t a y t a y t a y t f t +++= 试列出它的状态方程和输出方程。
（8分）。