Holloween
西尼罗症_陈河
西尼罗症_陈河西尼罗症■陈河⼀在移民加拿⼤的第⼆年，我和妻⼦决定买⼀座房⼦。
这个时候，我们还住在⼀座庞⼤的出租公寓⼤楼⾥。
⼤楼⾥有很多⿊⼈，其中有些是卖毒品的，所以楼道⾥经常会有带着警⽝的警察巡查。
有⼀天，两伙⿊⼈在楼⾥拼上了⽕，打死了好⼏个⼈，地上的⾎都淌到了我家门⼝。
这件事加快了我们的决定。
我翻了⼀⼤沓的中⽂报纸，在许许多多的房屋经纪⼈中找到⼀个叫刘莉莉的华⼈⼥经纪。
我给她打了电话。
她当天就和我们见了⾯。
她个⼦⼩⼩的，模样和她的名字⼀样可爱。
我现在还怀念刘莉莉带我们看的第⼀座房⼦。
那是⼀座带着拱形窗门的后复式独⽴屋，屋⾥有两个⼤厨房，四个洗⼿间，房间多得数不清。
记得当时我被意⼤利⼈房主⼀个玻璃壁橱⾥收藏的多种瓶装的果酱深深吸引住了，还有后院⾥⼏棵果实累累的樱桃和梨树也让我⼼跳不已。
我当时就觉得这房⼦马上会成为我们幸福的家园了。
可我妻⼦泼了我⼀盆冷⽔：这房⼦拱形的圆洞窗门看起来像南⽅的坟洞似的，绝对不能要！还有⼀座房⼦我还能想得起来，屋外的墙上爬满了青藤，屋内有两只威武可爱的猫，地下室⾥还有个⽤原⽊搭成的桑拿浴室。
从客厅望出去，后⾯的花园⾥有奇花异草，再远处是美丽如画的安⼤略湖。
我妻⼦透过花园，⼿搭凉棚向远处张望，看到不远处有⼀条客运轻捷铁路。
她告诉我⽕车来了整个屋⼦都会震动，夜间的话⽕车声⾳会更加地⼤。
再说她也不喜欢那⼤湖。
⼤湖⾥容易长⽔怪精灵，夜⾥跑到岸上来怎么办？后来的⼏个⽉⾥，刘莉莉带着我们看了好⼏⼗套房⼦，不知怎么的，房⼦看得越多，越觉得没劲，⼀座不如⼀座。
在七⽉份的⼀个下午，刘莉莉打来电话，说北约克有⼀座独⽴屋刚放出来，房⼦很⼤，地点也很好，只是价格超出了我们原来的计划，问我们要不要去看看。
我当时的⽣意刚刚起步，⼿头很紧舍不得多花钱，听到她说的价格就⼀⼝回绝了。
我妻⼦问我谁来的电话，我说是刘莉莉，推荐⼀座不适合我们的房⼦。
事情有点奇怪，凡是我中意的房⼦我妻⼦总会找出不好的地⽅，可我说这房⼦不合适，她倒是有了兴趣。
英语阅读1——考试题库及答案
Charge-free air serviceB.Service on the planeC.A new safety deviceD.Flights within one country回答错误！正确答案： B3.From the passage we can infer thatA.business travelers dislike touristsB.only by specializing in cheap flights can airlines avoid bankruptcy.C.it is more comfortable to sit in the back of jet planesD.a successful airline in the 1980s meets the needs not only of the masses but also of the wealthy passengers回答错误！正确答案： D4.With the intention of attracting a somewhat different type of passenger, the airlines have now begun to concentrate on .A.providing facilities enabling business travelers to work on boardB.installing sleeping compartments where more privacy is ensuredC.ensuring that the facilities offered to the executive are indeed superiorD.organizing activities in which first-class passengers can participate回答错误！正确答案： C5.One criticism against many international airlines is that they have, in the recent past ________A.catered for the more wealthy peopleB.marketed their service with the masses in mindC.given preferential treatment to executive clientsD.only met the needs of the regular traveler回答错误！正确答案： BHalloween(October 31)This is a holiday widely celebrated with different names in many countries. Althou gh it originated as a religious holiday, it has lost its religious connections in theUnite2.What is the symbol of Halloween?A.PumpkinB.MoneyC.CandleD.Laughter回答错误！正确答案： A3.Why do the children collect money in the Halloween?A.The adults are willing to give them money.B.They want to get enough money to buy themselves candy. C.They want to help other children.D.They love money.回答错误！正确答案： C4.Which of the following is not used in the Halloween celebration?A.PumpkinB.CandleC.CostumeD.Flower回答错误！正确答案： D5.Which of the following is not mentioned some years ago how the children celebrate t he Halloween?A.Dressing up in strange and frightening costumes and playing tricks on one's neighbors friends.B.Dressing up in the best holiday clothes.C.Ringing door bells.D.Throwing bits of corn on the window panes.回答错误！正确答案： B6.$5 billionB.somewhere between $6 billion and $7.5 billionC.$7.5billionD.$6 billion回答错误！正确答案： B2.A disciplined nation like Japan wants to get into show business because__________.A.they want to make moneyB.they want to entertain their peopleC.they want to win in the competitionD.they want to learn from American people回答错误！正确答案： A3.The movement of buying American entertainment companies by the Japanese shows that________.A.Japanese people are richerB.American movies are better than JapaneseC.Japan has growing interest in the entertainment worldD.Japanese market is larger than American market回答错误！正确答案： CBy the time the Olympics begin in Atlanta this summer, the business world will ha ve spent more than $ 1 billion to link their names and products to the Olympic Ga mes. There are 10 Worldwide Sponsors, 10 Centennial Olympic Partners, about 20 re gular sponsors and more than a hundred licensees. The Atlanta Games will boast an “official" scouring pad and timepiece, two official game shows, and three official vehi cles: a family car, an import minivan and a luxury sedan.But what exactly do these companies reap for their huge investment? At the very l east, they command tickets to the most popular events, invitations to the best parties and prime hotel rooms. But most of all, according to US Postal Service, it is purchas ing the right to spend money.And the right to spend money is expensive. The biggest backers, Olympic sponsors like Anheuser-Busch, Coca-Cola, Mcdonald's and Xerox, commit up to $ 40 million. But, getting the rights to the Olympic rings is only half the battle. The other half is the challenge to sort of wrap their product brands around that image. Often that me ans TV time. And at roughly $ 400 000 per 30-second spot, some of the biggest spon sors have already locked up every commercial slot in their product categories that N BC has to sell. Not everyone is convinced that the Games are worth the price of bu siness admission. The biggest and most conspicuous naysayer is Nike. Its spokesman s ays:“If I see a Reebok official who may not be in the best shape firing the starting pistol and Carl Lewis wearing Nike shoes, I'm going to go with Carl because that's t he authentic link." Nike's strategy is hard to argue with - instead of sponsoring theOlympics, it sponsors Ol ympians.D.NBC makes great profits from selling advertising time to companies eager to impress potential customers during the Olympic Games.回答错误！正确答案： A3.The last sentence of this passage indicatesA.that those who fail to sponsor the Olympics this time will try very hard the next timeB.what the Olympic non-sponsors do is of no interest to the Olympic organizersC.that businesses must try very hard to earn money from the Olympic Games as if they were themselves competing in the GamesD.businesses trying to get publicity is a part of the Olympic Games回答错误！正确答案： C4.Which of the following is not an Olympic sponsor?A.Coca-Cola.B.US Postal Service.C.Mcdonald'sThe professor who wrote the psychology program wanted_______.A.to replace psychologistsB.to have more similar programsC.to show that computers can be smartD.to train doctor回答错误！正确答案： C2.Many people are more comfortable with a computer for the following reasons except _______.A.its ability to solve all the problems people haveB.its speedC.its patienceD.its reliability回答错误！正确答案： A。
戎车既安,如轾如轩【高二作文】
戎车既安，如轾如轩【高二作文】戎车既安，如轾如轩。
四牡既佶，既佶且闲。
薄伐犭严狁，至于大原。
文武吉甫，万邦为宪。
淡然回首，暮然去看那呈y=x一样飞逝的时间。
心情竟突兀的沉静。
午夜时分，告别尘世喧嚣，独守电脑前，十指在键盘上飞跃，翩然起舞，一行行蝇头小楷（貌似是隶书）伴随着噼里啪啦的声音如音符般跳跃在耀眼的屏幕上。
脑海里犹如放电影一般，2个月的高中生活一点一滴的出现在眼前。
记忆深处是志愿卡上填涂24国际时的迟疑不定，2B铅笔在手中轻轻颤抖，笔尖一次次落下又拿开，心幽幽的疼着，大脑里编织着未来的生活。
闭上眼睛，做最后的决定。
妈妈的手轻轻搭在我肩上，孩子，只要你决定，我们就支持，而且，你不是一直想出国念书吗？微微把笔尖立起，一道黑墨印出现在志愿卡上。
是的，在您的支持下，我选择了24国际。
这一笔，掷地有声。
亲爱的爸爸妈妈，其实那一刻，我深知这条路的艰辛坎坷，我也明白年过半百的父亲为了三年乃至未来无底洞一般的学费需要付出多少。
谢谢您们，从小到大，只要是我想要的东西，只要合理，您们都会满足，这一次——这决定一生的时候，亦不例外。
您们想给我最好的教育。
想让我做到最好。
可是2个月的生活，让我对您说一声抱歉。
回忆着近70个日夜，午夜梦回，流下多少无声的泪水。
英语真心不是我的强项，我可以轻松的用汉语搞懂化合价、金属价、离子价……可以完美的答出一篇说明文阅读。
但是，换成英语，一切都变了。
基础好的同学上课积极回应老师的一切问题时，我却低头一手抄笔记，一手摁电子词典。
他们可以轻松的在英语阅读中得到高分，而我蒙的却比做的准确率高。
记得Holloween的中午，走廊上，班主任老师找我谈心，她说，她一直以为我应该是班级的佼佼者，因为，她觉得我语文好应该英语也好。
在老师面前，我哭了。
老师说，她找我不是给我施加压力，而是给予帮助和动力。
中考英语，我不过是靠着点小聪明，靠着临阵磨枪，不快而光，才取得了比平时好一点的成绩。
那个初三，为了英语，我付出了简直等如同于数学的精力。
新技能英语-高级教程教案 unit7
Unit 7 It was a fantastic party 一、单元整体解读及分析二、分课时教学设计Supplementary materials1. Word attack1)costume n.the set of clothes worn while people are performing. 戏装服装，装束；戏装，剧装e.g.The performers, in costume and makeup, were walking up and downbackstage.上了妆穿着戏服的演员在后台走来走去。
2)sharp adv. exactly at the stated time 整点e.g.The party will start at 7:00 pm sharp. 聚会于晚上七点整开始。
3) by the way adv. introducing a different topic 顺便一提e.g. By the way, have you done anything behind my back? 顺便问一下，你背着我干了什么？2. Useful expressionsTalk about the way of inviting1) Would you like to invite you to enjoy...2) Thank you for inviting me.3) Should I come in costume?4) We’d like to invite you to enjoy…,5) I’d love to join you.1. Introduction of HalloweenHalloween is an annual holiday observed on October 31, which commonly includes activities such as trick-or-treating, attending costume parties, carving jack-o'-lanterns, bonfires, apple bobbing, visiting haunted attractions, playing pranks, telling scary stories, and watching horror films.Historian Nicholas Rogers, exploring the origins of Halloween, notes that while "some folklorists have detected its origins in the Roman feast of Pomona, the goddess of fruits and seeds, or in the festival of the dead called Parentalia, it is more typically linked to the Celtic festival of Samhain". The name is derived from Old Irish and means roughly "summer's end". Snap-Apple Night (1832) by Daniel Maclise depicts apple bobbing and divination games at a Halloween party in Blarney, Ireland. The name 'Halloween' and many of its present-day traditions derive from the Old English era.The word Halloween is first attested in the 16th century and represents a Scottish variant of the fuller All-Hallows-Even ("evening"), that is, the night before All Hallows Day. Although the phrase All Hallows is found in Old English, All-Hallows-Even is itself not attested until 1556.2. Word attack1)fall asleep v. change from a waking to a sleeping state入睡；睡着e.g. After changing the bed, I would fall asleep quickly. 换了一张床，我很快就能睡着了。
万圣节的由来(英文版)
万圣节的由来(英文版)万圣节的由来--中英双语/r/n罗伯特·布里奇 Robert Bridges - A School Portrait/r/n我已有多年未访问伊顿公学;当有一天从Fellow’s Library [1] 经过进入陈列室时，我看到我的校友Digby Dolben [2] 的肖像与我们这个时代最卓越的人的肖像挂在了一起。
我完全被吸引住了，而当我驻足凝视它时，我的同伴问我是否知道他是谁。
我想，除了几个我记得起名字的人之外，我几乎一定是唯一知道的人了。
少年时代的遥远记忆就像才发生一样向我簇拥而来：他又一次站在我身旁，年轻、踌躇满志;我仿佛能听到他的声音，他一点也没变;然而，当我被关于他的时间之雾包围时，我好奇他会怎么想，他是否知道在他去世30年后的这一刻，他的记忆会因此得以保存并受人敬仰，就在这所名校中，在他微妙的灵魂一度被奇怪地困扰的地方。
/r/n这个老伊顿学生肖像的陈列馆中挂出的肖像是经过精挑细选的：出身显赫、品格高贵可以为你在那赢得一个席位，或者在毕业后与学校有官方上的联系——他们热衷于维持师生之间不变的全景画，热衷于让那些与继承学校传统的面貌形象有关的校史记录保持鲜活。
但，Dolben的肖像为什么会在那呢?因为他是一个诗人?——这我知道，但他的诗歌鲜为人知，都被家人和少数几个朋友小心翼翼地保存了起来。
即使这些数量稀少的作品能入得了负责挑选肖像的权威人士的法眼，也并不足以让他名列其中。
还有另外一个原因，肖像就是一种证明的效力，或许你无法看出他是诗人，但你却可以看到圣人的特质：灵魂沉浸于深思、纯洁无暇、对崇高理想满怀热情与献身精神。
这样的特征一定使他在同龄人中出类拔萃;他的生活经历足以让我们相信他是一位天赋秉异的才人。
而当他的英年早逝洗净了记忆的尘埃并唤醒了世人的爱慕之时，吝爱的悲悯将会慷慨的赋予他未曾拥有的桂冠。
/r/n注：/r/n[1] Fellow’s Library位于剑桥大学耶稣学院，建于1676-77 年。
高中英语 Unit 3 Celebrations全单元课件 北师大版必修1
your favorite season?
What festivals happen during each season?
• 1. Spring: Women’s Day Arbor Day Qingming Festival May Day the Dragon Boat Festival
description more interesting
Stage 4:
• In groups of 4, read each other’s descriptions and make constructive suggestions on how to improve or correct them. Then each group decides which party sounds the best.
2.watch the moon
moon cakes 3. A special occasion for
family
Zongzi
1.have dragon boat races 2.mark the beginning of the hottest season of the year 3. remember Qu Yuan
Lesson 1 Festivals
• 三个传统节日: Mid-Autumn Festival, Lantern Festival, Dragon Boat Festival
• 语法:被动语态
Bulletin Board
• 收集中国节日: October 1 & Spring Festival
荷兰哲学家：斯宾诺莎人物简介
斯宾诺莎的政治哲学观念在现代国际关系中的借鉴
斯宾诺莎的政治哲学观念
• 斯宾诺莎认为政治的目的是保障社会的安全和秩序，实现人民的最大幸福
• 他主张政治应该以民主为基础，实现政治权力的分散和制衡
斯宾诺莎政治哲学观念在现代国际关系中的借鉴
斯宾诺莎著作的翻译
• 斯宾诺莎的著作在19世纪和20世纪被翻译成英语、法语、德语等多种
语言
• 这些翻译作品为斯宾诺莎哲学思想在世界范围内的传播奠定了基础
斯宾诺莎著作的研究
• 随着斯宾诺莎著作的翻译和传播，越来越多的学者开始研究他的哲学思
想
• 斯宾诺莎的哲学思想在现代哲学领域具有重要的理论价值和实践意义
• 这部著作阐述了他的哲学观点，尤其是自然主义、伦理学和政治
哲学
02
斯宾诺莎的哲学体系
斯宾诺莎的自然哲学观点
01
斯宾诺莎的自然哲学
• 斯宾诺莎认为自然界是一个统一的整体，万物之间相互
联系
• 他反对目的论，认为自然界的现象可以用因果律来解释
02
斯宾诺莎的宇宙观
• 斯宾诺莎认为宇宙是无始无终的，不存在任何超自然的
斯宾诺莎对启蒙时代的影响
• 斯宾诺莎的哲学思想对启蒙时代的哲学家产生了重要影响，如伏尔泰、
卢梭等
• 他的自然主义、伦理学和政治哲学观念为启蒙时代的哲学思想奠定了
基础
斯宾诺莎对德国古典哲学的影响
• 斯宾诺莎的哲学思想对德国古典哲学家产生了重要影响，如康德、黑
格尔等
• 他的理性主义和自然主义观念对德国古典哲学的发展具有重要意义
• 斯宾诺莎提出了“最大幸福原则”，
万圣节的由来 英文
万圣节的由来英文万圣节的由来--中英双语/r/n罗伯特·布里奇 Robert Bridges - A School Portrait/r/n我已有多年未访问伊顿公学;当有一天从Fellow’s Library [1] 经过进入陈列室时，我看到我的校友Digby Dolben [2] 的肖像与我们这个时代最卓越的人的肖像挂在了一起。
我完全被吸引住了，而当我驻足凝视它时，我的同伴问我是否知道他是谁。
我想，除了几个我记得起名字的人之外，我几乎一定是唯一知道的人了。
少年时代的遥远记忆就像才发生一样向我簇拥而来：他又一次站在我身旁，年轻、踌躇满志;我仿佛能听到他的声音，他一点也没变;然而，当我被关于他的时间之雾包围时，我好奇他会怎么想，他是否知道在他去世30年后的这一刻，他的记忆会因此得以保存并受人敬仰，就在这所名校中，在他微妙的灵魂一度被奇怪地困扰的地方。
/r/n这个老伊顿学生肖像的陈列馆中挂出的肖像是经过精挑细选的：出身显赫、品格高贵可以为你在那赢得一个席位，或者在毕业后与学校有官方上的联系——他们热衷于维持师生之间不变的全景画，热衷于让那些与继承学校传统的面貌形象有关的校史记录保持鲜活。
但，Dolben的肖像为什么会在那呢?因为他是一个诗人?——这我知道，但他的诗歌鲜为人知，都被家人和少数几个朋友小心翼翼地保存了起来。
即使这些数量稀少的作品能入得了负责挑选肖像的权威人士的法眼，也并不足以让他名列其中。
还有另外一个原因，肖像就是一种证明的效力，或许你无法看出他是诗人，但你却可以看到圣人的特质：灵魂沉浸于深思、纯洁无暇、对崇高理想满怀热情与献身精神。
这样的特征一定使他在同龄人中出类拔萃;他的生活经历足以让我们相信他是一位天赋秉异的才人。
而当他的英年早逝洗净了记忆的尘埃并唤醒了世人的爱慕之时，吝爱的悲悯将会慷慨的赋予他未曾拥有的桂冠。
/r/n注：/r/n[1] Fellow’s Library位于剑桥大学耶稣学院，建于1676-77 年。
双语介绍：万圣节的起源
双语介绍：万圣节的起源万圣节的起源中英双语介绍万圣节的起源While there are many versions of the origins and old customs of Halloween, some remain consistentby all accounts. Different cultures view Holloween somewhat differently but traditional Halloween practices remain the same.尽管关于万圣节的起源和旧俗有很多不同的看法，但有一些是被所有人接受的。
不同文化看待万圣节总是有点不同，但是传统的万圣节做的事情都是一样的。
Halloween culture can be traced back to the Druids, a Celtic culture in Ireland, Britain and Northern Europe. Roots lay in the feastof Samhain, which was annually on October 31st to honor the dead.万圣节文化可以追溯到德鲁伊教，这是一种爱尔兰、北欧和英国的凯尔特文化，根植于Samhain节的庆祝活动，Samhain节于每年的10月31日纪念逝者。
Samhain signifies “summers end” or November.Samhain was a harvest festival with huge sacred bonfires, marking the end of the Celtic year and beginning of a new one. Many of the practices involved in this celebration were fed on superstition.Samhain节说明夏天结束或者十一月，是一个丰收的节日。
Holloween
The History Of Halloween!Halloween is one of the world's oldest holidays, dating back to pagan times. But it is celebrated today by more people in more countries than ever before. there's a simple reason: it is fun and it is good, clean, harmless fun for young and old alike! Also see Halloween around the world and see this page of current Halloween facts and statistics.SummarySince much of the history of Halloween wasn't written down for centuries; some of it is still sketchy and subject to debate. But the most plausible theory is that Halloween originated in the British Isles out of the Pagan Celtic celebration of Samhain. It goes back as far as 5 B.C. It was believed that spirits rose from the dead and mingled with the living on this day. The Celts left food at their doors to encourage good spirits and wore masks to scare off the bad ones. Some historians believe that the Romans who invaded England added a few of their own traditions to the celebration of Samhain; such as celebrating the end of the harvest and honoring the dead; others say that since the Romans never conquered the Celts (Ireland and Scotland) there was no mingling of cultures, and that the Celts celebrated the end of the harvest and honored their dead in this way, anyway!Many centuries later, the Roman Catholic church, in an attempt to do away with pagan holidays, such as Halloween (and Christmas, which had been the Roman pagan holiday of Saturnalia) established November 1st as All Saint's Day (in French, la Toussaint), in celebration of all the saints who do not have their own holy day. This attempt to detract attention from the pagan celebration of Samhain didn't work. The celebrations on the eve of All Saint's Day continued to grow and change! During the massive Irish immigration into America in the 1840s, Halloween found its way to the United States, where it continued to flourish!It is also believed that the Christian practice of celebrating the evening before a holiday, such as Christmas Eve, New Year's Eve, etc. came from the Jewish traditions. Jewish days and holidays begin with the evening before. Always have, as Judaism follows a lunar calendar in which the sunsets begin the new day. Many Christian groups now observe holy days from sundown on one day until sundown on the following day.The modern name, Halloween comes from "All Hallows' Evening," or in their slang "All Hallow's Even", the eve of All Hallows' Day. "Hallow" is an Old English word for "holy person," and All Hallows' Day is just another name for All Saints' Day, eventually, it became abbreviated to "Hallowe'en" and then "Halloween."Samhain and the CeltsThe Celts lived hundreds of years ago in what is now Ireland, Scotland, England, Wales and northern France. The Celtic people, around 800 B.C., commonly kept sheep and cattle. When the weather got colder, the shepherds brought their animals down from the hills to closer pastures. Life changed dramatically between summer and winter for the Celts. In the winter months, everybody stayed inside or close to home, fixing things indoors, sewing, spending time together, and generally trying to avoid being outside where one froze to death, go sick, or otherwise was killed or eaten by something that was larger and hungry. The change of seasons from growing, plenty, and life to winter, dark, shortages and death was at the meaning behind the holiday.The final harvest of the year was marked by a celebration called Samhain (pronounced sow-en) and was also the ancient Celtic New Year. Samhain, which translates to "end of summer," usually occurred around the end of October, when the weather started to get cold in Ireland and Scotland. (yes, I know it's not a big difference from "summer" there, but they apparently can tell the difference! :)Celts believed that transitions, times when things change from one state to another, had magical properties. Samhain marked what was for them one of two of the biggest turning points of the year (Spring being the other) a change in the weather as well as a change in life. The Celts also believed this magical time created an opening to the dead. They believed the worlds of the dead and the living were closest at the time of Samhain, and that the spirits of the dead were freed to travel once more among the living, in part because at Samhain the souls of those who had died during the year traveled into the otherworld.People gathered to sacrifice animals, fruits, and vegetables. They also lit bonfires in honor of the dead, to help them on their journey to the otherworld, and to keep them away from the living. On that day all manner of beings were afoot: ghosts, fairies, and demons! Many of the activities of the Samhain festival were related to these beliefs. Many of those practices then evolved into odern day Halloween traditions.<>On October 31st after the crops were all harvested and put into storage for the winter ahead, the cooking fires in the homes would be extinguished. The Druids, the Celtic priests, would meet in the hilltop in the dark oak forest (oak trees for their size and strength and mistletoe for remaining green in the winter and having berries in the cold were considered sacred). The Druids would light new fires and offer sacrifices of crops and animals to thank the gods for the harvest and appease the gods of the coming winter.The morning after, the Druid priests would give an hot ember from the fires to each family, who would then take them home to start new cooking fires. The fireplace and fire were a big deal to the Celts, as they kept the homes warm and free from evil spirits.The festival lasted for 3 days. Many people would parade in costumes made from the skins and heads of their animals representing various gods of nature.All Saints' DaySocieties and religions honored their martyrs for thousands of years. Catholics canonized saints after death. Saints are effectively "ranked" higher since they have special status (sainthood, holiness) bestowed upon them, saints are held in esteem as role models, and God may perform miracles on earth through them. Roman Catholics, and some other Christians, honor saints, and ask them for guidance in daily life.Many saints have their own day to honor them. But with so many thousands of canonized saints, only a small percentage are recognized specifically. Pope Boniface IV officially established All Saints' Day in order to honor all the saints at one time.All Saints' Day originally fell on May 13. In 601 A.D., Pope Gregory the First issued a now famous edict to his missionaries regarding the beliefs and customs of the peoples they wanted to convert. Rather than try to banish native peoples' customs and beliefs, the pope had his missionaries to incorporate them: if a group of people worshipped a tree, rather than cut it down, he advised them to consecrate it to Christ and allow its continued worship. In 835 AD, Pope Gregory III moved it to November 1 to try to take over the pagan holiday. Officially, the Church chose this new date to mark the papal dedication of a church honoring the saints. Few historians accept that as the Catholic Church had a long-standing policy of incorporatingnon-Christian traditions into its holidays. For example, many historians believe, for example, that the church set Christmas on December 25 so that it would correspond with pagan winter solstice festivals (Shepherds don't "watch over their flock by night" in the winter, as the flock is inside or would die in the cold!).In any case, when All Saints' Day moved to November 1, many of the pagan Samhain traditions were brought into the holy day's activities. This may have helped bring descendents of the ancient Celts into Christianity, but it created some problems for the church. Much of the Samhain traditions centered on the supernatural and spirit world, ideas that don't have much of a place in Christianity. Recognizing saints, who were by definition dead, covered a lot of the same ground, but the creepy and supernatural aspects like the dead spirits walking the earth again at midnight certainly wasn't part of Christianity. Young men were now instructed to go door to door begging for food for the town poor. Villagers were allowed to dress up in costume to represent a saint. Now, instead of dressing up to chase away evil spirits, andcelebrating pagan beliefs, they were dressed up to honor the saints. Like anyone cared! :)WitchesOne legend has it that on one All Hallows Eve that a priest was walking by on a country road when on the hill he saw the bonfires burning. He saw people dancing around the fire in costumes with shafts and torches in their hands. With the moon as a backdrop to the fires the people appeared to be flying in the air. The man hurried to the village to tell that witches were flying and evil was afoot. Presumably, this is where the myth of witches on broomsticks flying on Halloween comes from.There is a lesser known church holiday called All Soul's Day that came into being at the end of the 10th century. It was an occasion to recognize all Christian dead. .All Souls' DayAll Souls' Day, observed on November 2, is celebrated with Catholic masses and festivities in honor of the dead. The living pray on behalf of Catholics who are in purgatory, the state in the afterlife between the land of the living and the otherworlds where souls are purified before proceeding to heaven. Souls in purgatory, who are members of the church just like living Christians, must suffer so that they can be purged of their sins. Through prayer and good works, living members of the church may help their departed friends and family.It was on Halloween in 1517 that Martin Luther began to try to reform the Catholic Church. It ended in the formation of the Protestant Church, which didn't believe in saints (in the Roman Catholic sense of of specific individuals).Without Saints, there would be no All Hallow's eve, no Halloween and no partying, so in Britain, when a conspiracy to blow up the English Parliament and King James I in 1605 was foiled, this became a convemnient means to solve two issues at once. The celebrations that people were accustomed to just moved to November 5 and became Guy Fawkes Day. Guy Fawkes was not-too-bright accomplice who became the fall 'guy" (his name is also where we get the word "guy" from) in a Catholic plot to blow up the English Parliament, which at that time was Protestant. So, although technically, the celebration was to commemorate the failure of the plot, nonetheless, it was Halloween. Bonfires were lit across the country. People made lanterns from carved out turnips and children went begging for "a penny for the guy" (and they were to use the pennies to buy morewood for the bonfire upon which Guy Fawkes was to be burned alive. gruesome, huh? I knew you'd like that..Realizing that it could not completely get rid of the supernatural aspects of the celebrations, the Catholic church began characterizing the spirits as evil forces associated with the devil. This is where much of the more malevolent Halloween imagery, such as evil witches and demons come from.All Souls' Day has morphed and exists today, particularly in Mexico, where All Hallows' Eve, All Saints' Day and All Souls' Day are collectively observed as "Los Dias de los Muertos" (The Days of the Dead). First and foremost, the Days of the Dead is a time when families fondly remember the deceased, visit their graves and clean the gravesites and leave fresh flowers. But it is also a time marked by Mardi Gras-like festivities, including spectacular parades of skeletons and ghouls. In one tradition, a mock funeral procession with a live person inside a coffin is paraded through the streets.Trick-or-TreatingIn the Celtic times and up till the medieval ages, fairies (a.k.a., faeries) were also thought to run free on the Eve of Samhain. Faeries weren't necessarily evil, but not particularly they weren't good. They were mischievous. They liked rewarding good deeds and did not like to be crossed. On Samhain, faeries were thought to disguise themselves as beggars and go door to door asking for handouts. Those who gave them food were rewarded. Those who did not were subjected to some unpleasantness.In medieval times, one popular All Souls' Day practice was to make "soul cakes," simple bread desserts with a currant topping. In a custom called "souling," children would go door-to-door begging for the cakes, much like modern trick-or-treaters. For every cake a child collected, he or she would have to say a prayer for the dead relatives of the person who gave the cake. These prayers would help the relatives find their way out of purgatory and into heaven. The children even sang a soul cake song along the lines of the modern "Trick-or-treat, trick-or-treat, give me something good to eat." Dressing up as ghouls and ghosts originated from the ancient Celtic tradition of townspeople disguising themselves as demons and spirits. The Celts believed that disguising themselves to look like the spirits who were wandering the earth that night might allow them to escape the notice of the real spirits wandering the streets. (ref)As part of the Samhain celebration, Celts would bring home an ember from the communal bonfire at the end of the night. They carried these embers in hollowed-out turnips, creating a lantern resembling the modern day jack-o'-lantern. This carried on inIreland and Scotland through the 18th century. A very popular character in Irish folk tales was Stingy Jack (ref), a famous cheapskate who, on several occasions, avoided losing his soul to the devil by tricking him (often on All Hallows' Eve). Much like the American stories of the devil and . In one story, he convinced Satan to climb up a tree for some apples, and then cut crosses all around the trunk so the devil couldn't climb down. The devil promised to leave Jack alone forever, if he would only let him out of the tree.When Jack eventually died, he was turned away from Heaven, due to his life of sin. But, in keeping with their agreement, the Devil wouldn't take Jack, either. He was cursed to travel forever as a spirit in limbo. As Jack left the gates of Hell, the Devil threw him a hot ember to light the way in the dark. Jack placed the ember in a hollowed-out turnip, and wandered off into the world. According to the Irish legend, you might see Jack's spirit on All Hallows' Eve, still carrying his turnip lantern through the darkness. Click here for a web page that has the complete Stingy Jack story!Traditional jack-o'-lanterns, hollowed-out turnips with embers or candles inside, became a very popular Halloween decoration in Ireland and Scotland a few hundred years ago. Folk tradition held that they would ward off Stingy Jack and other spirits on Halloween, and they also served as representations of the souls of the dead. Irish families who emigrated to America brought the tradition with them, but they replaced the turnips with the more plentiful pumpkins. As it turns out, pumpkins were easier to carve than turnips. People began to cut frightening faces and other elaborate designs into their jack-o'-lanterns.All of this brings us to PUMPKINS which become Jack O'Lanterns, which you want to go pick and carve. So let's look at why!Jack-O'-LanternsIf you are not from the British Isles, you won't believe where your hollowed out pumpkin comes from! In Ireland and Scotland hollowed-out turnips with embers or candles inside, became a very popular Halloween decoration a few hundred years ago. Baldrick would have met his dream! (Fans of "Blackadder" will recognize this!) Tradition held that they would ward off Stingy Jack and other malevolent spirits on Halloween, and they also served as representations of the souls of the dead. Irish families who emigrated to America brought the tradition with them, but they replaced the turnips with pumpkins, which, native to the new world, were plentiful. It didn't hurt that they are a lot easier to carve than turnips. Have you ever tried to hollow out a turnip? People began to carve frightening faces and other designs into their jack-o'-lanterns.Bringing it home to the United StatesMeanwhile, back in the new world, the settlers were all Protestant and Halloween was technically a Catholic holiday. The original colonists in this country found ANY celebration immoral, especially a Catholic one. In fact, celebrating Christmas in the Massachusetts colony was once illegal, punishable by banishment or death.After the American Revolution, Halloween still never really caught on in America. Most of the country was farmland, and the people too far spread out to share different celebrations from Europe. Any chance to get together was looked forward to - barn raisings, quilting bees, taffy pulls. Eventually, a fall holiday called the Autumn Play Party developed. People would gather and tell ghost stories, dance and sing and feast and light bonfires. The children would stage a school pageant where they paraded in costumes.The Autumn Play Parties lasted until the Industrial revolution. After that, the majority of Americans lived in cities and had no need for such get togethers. By the end of the Civil War, only Episcopalians and Catholics celebrated All Saints' Day and Halloween, and the two religions combined made up less than 5% of the population. Concerned about letting a part of their heritage fade away, the the two religions began an aggressive campaign to put those two holidays on all public calendars. In the late 1800's there was a move in America to mold Halloween into a holiday more about community and neighborhood "get-togethers," than about the supernatural. .At the turn of the century, Halloween parties for both children and adults became the most common way to celebrate. The first year All Saints' Day and Halloween showed up on the calendars, the newspapers and magazines made a big deal about it. Suddenly, everyone knew about Halloween and began celebrating it by lighting bonfires and having masquerade parties. The first official citywide Halloween celebration in the United States, occurred in Anoka, Minn., in 1921. In the 1920's and 30's Halloween became a secular but community centered holiday which was celebrated with parades and town wide parties. By the 1950's vandalism had to be brought under control and by this time Halloween was more of a child's celebration. Treats were handed out in order to prevent tricks like lawn rolling at each home. Those traditions have made Halloween the country's second largest commercial holiday to the tune of more than $2 billion spent on candy each year.Today, Halloween is once again being celebrated as an adult holiday or masquerade, like Mardi Gras. Men and women in every disguise imaginable are now participating in parades. Many parents decorate their homes and yards, dress in costume, hand out candy at their door or go with their children as they collect candy.And despite its origins, today it has nothing to do with evil, devil worship, satanic forces, etc. It's just good clean fun!NEWS:BE BRAINY, BE BILINGUALHypothesis. Laboratory, similar, volunteer, superior, process, tune (adjust), block, distract, enhance, efficient, flexible, automatic, dementia, monitor, ward off.。
holloween
holloween了解美国历史的同学们都知道，"万圣节"是美国人的传统节日，那么，到底在这个节日里人们要怎么庆祝呢？请看--美国的万圣节(all saints' day)在每年的11月1日(november 1)，又称鬼节。
10月31日(october 31)晚便称作"万圣节前夜(halloween)"。
halloween一词来自中世纪的英格兰(england)，万圣节被称为all hallows。
halloween是由hallow和eve(夜晚)两词合并而来的。
万圣节存有一些特定的习俗。
从10月份已经开始，商店里就摆各式各样的鬼怪造型：骷髅头、白骨、巫婆(witch)等。
出售的服装、物品、面具上也存有鬼怪的图案。
在餐厅（restaurant）、商店(shops)等门窗(doors and windows)上张贴各种鬼怪图像。
学校里老师教导学生搞万圣节手工艺品，南瓜灯、鬼脸等。
南瓜灯是最具特色的。
万圣节前夜，人们把大南瓜掏空，南瓜皮上刻个鬼脸，里面点上蜡烛，把它放在窗台或门廊上做摆饰。
传说，一个叫杰克的人因为吝啬而没有升入天堂，他被罚提着灯笼照路并永远在地上行走。
另据传说，巫婆每年此时出来作祟，摆个南瓜灯可以驱鬼避邪。
有些地方还举办"南瓜大赛"，重量最小的些冠军，据记述，曾经存有一只南瓜重达多公斤。
万圣节前夜，孩子们化装成童话中的人物，戴着面具，手拿布袋或桶，挨家挨户要糖吃。
进门第一句话就是：必须恶作剧还是给糖果?(trick or treat?)这一天就是孩子们一年中最激动的一天。
跟Jim学英语
American HolidayHolloweenWe wish you happy Holloween!Today I will talk about a special holiday in Canada and the United States called Holloween.Date: On the night of October 31st every year.Holloween is a tradition that started many years ago.It is a Christian holiday to remember the dead because we want to think about death and we make a joke of death. So we have many decorations and we make a joke of death. We decorate our houses with scary things.Holloween is commercialized商业化. We can buy everything for Holloween, costumes, decorations,candy for trick-or-treat. Trick-or-treat is for children.On Holloween, we carve pumpkins with scary faces.We use a knife to create faces in the pumpkins.We call the scary face Jack o’lantern.How to make a Holloween Jack o’lantern?We start by cutting the top and then scrape the inside of the pumpkin and take out the seeds.Next, we draw a face in the pumpkin and carve the pumpkin with a special knife. One more thing, we will light the candle and put it inside the pumpkin.The children dress in costumes and they go from house to house to play trick-or-treat.They go to the door and knock on the door. People in the house open the door and the children say, “Trick or treat!” The people in the house say, “what a lovely costume!” The children carry a big bag ,and the people will give them candies. Holloween song,Jack o’lantern, Jack o’lantern,You are such a funny sight,As you sit there in the window,Looking out at the night,You were once a little pumpkin,Growing on a curly vine,Now you are a Jack o’lantern,See your candlelight shine.ChristmasWe wish you merry Christmas!Date: On December 25thNativity scene耶稣诞生: At Christmas, people remember and celebrate 庆祝the birth of Jesus Christ. That’s why we see the word Christ in the word Christmas. According to the story of Jesus, Jesus was born in a stable马厩。
hollow组词
hollow组词一、hollow的词性及词义。
1. 形容词。
- 空洞的；中空的。
例如：a hollow tree（一棵中空的树）。
- 凹陷的。
如：hollow cheeks（凹陷的脸颊）。
- （声音）沉闷的。
例如：a hollow voice（沉闷的声音）。
- 虚伪的；空虚的。
例如：hollow promises（虚伪的承诺）。
2. 名词。
- 山谷；凹地。
例如：a small hollow in the ground（地上的一个小凹地）。
- 洞；窟窿。
例如：The rabbit disappeared into a hollow.（兔子消失在一个洞里。
）3. 动词。
- 挖空；使凹陷。
例如：hollow out a log（挖空一根原木）。
二、hollow的相关组词。
1. hollow - out（动词短语）- 意义：挖空；挖出。
- 例句：He hollowed - out a pumpkin to make a lantern.（他挖空一个南瓜来做灯笼。
）2. hollow - eyed（形容词短语）- 意义：眼窝凹陷的。
- 例句：After days of sleeplessness, he looked hollow - eyed.（经过几天的失眠，他看起来眼窝凹陷。
）3. hollow - hearted（形容词短语）- 意义：虚伪的；不真诚的。
- 例句：Don't trust those hollow - hearted people.（不要相信那些虚伪的人。
）4. hollow - bodied（形容词短语）- 意义：中空体的。
- 例句：Some insects are hollow - bodied.（一些昆虫是中空体的。
）5. hollow - stemmed（形容词短语）- 意义：空心茎的。
- 例句：This kind of plant is hollow - stemmed.（这种植物是空心茎的。
2022小升初英语测试卷
英语测试（满分50分）一．单项选择。
（10分）（）1. I helped ________ old man the other day when I was taking a walk after ________ supper.A. a, 不填B. an, 不填C. an, theD. a, the（）2. There _______ some milk and apples in the fridge.A. isB. areC. hasD. have（）3. Mr. Wang teaches ______ English. We like ______ class very much.A. our, hisB. us, hisC. us, herD. our, her（）4. ------This T-shirt is only 15 yuan, and it fits you well.------Ok, ____________, thank you for helping me.A.That’s all right.B. I’ll take it.C. it’s cheap.D. I don’t need it.（）5. It _______ Linda half an hour to get to school every day.A. paysB. takesC. spendsD. cost（）6. I used to read books _______ the morning every day. But now I only read books _______ the morning of Saturday.A. in, inB. on, onC. on, in,D. in, on（）7. ---Jessica, don’t play with that knife. It may hurt you. ____________, please.---Yes, mom.A.take it downB. take it offC. put it downD. put it off（）8. We have __________ for lunch ______________.A. apple ; every dayB. fruit; everydayC. vegetables; every dayD. salads; everyday（）9. Jason’s father wanted to know ___________.A. how did Jason get to school todayB. where did Jason goC. if Jason went to school todayD. what Jason does in class（）10．On Holloween, children go from door to door and say “_____”.A. Trick or treatB. Trick or beatC. Treat or trickD. Trick and beat二．选择方框中的单词，并用其适当形式补全短文，每空一词，每词限用一次。
英国人过万圣节吗
英国人过万圣节吗
万圣节（Holloween）是西方的重要日期之一。
英国也不例外。
但无公众休息日。
2015年是10月31日星期六。
主要活动是点篝火（bonfire)以驱赶鬼魂。
点南瓜灯。
孩子们去各家各户要糖果。
现在年轻人多举办化妆晚会等。
万圣节现在在英国只是年轻人狂欢泡吧的日子，不过确实是起源于爱尔兰和苏格兰这带，因为是当时凯尔特人的聚居地，他们相信万圣节是鬼魂出动的日子，而装神弄鬼可以吓走鬼魂。
当然不是假日了，不过是英国的节日。
英国的法定假期出来一年3次的银行假期还有圣诞，boxingday，复活节2天和元旦加起来一共8天。
低中高年级日常生活用语表
低年级日常生活口语1.What’s your name ? 你叫什么名字？My name is Mary . 我叫Mary。
2.How old are you ? 你多大了？I’m six . 我六岁了3.Which class are you in ?你在几班？I’m in Class One,Grade One .我在一年级一班。
4.What colour do you like ? 你喜欢什么颜色？I like blue . 我喜欢蓝色。
5.What’s your favourite fruit ? 你最喜欢吃什么水果？Bananas . 香蕉。
6.What’s this \that ? 这是/那是什么？It’s a pen . 钢笔。
7.Guess. Is it a pencil ? 猜猜，这个是铅笔吗？Yes ,it is . \ No ,it isn’t. 是。
/不是。
8.Which subject do you like ?你最喜欢哪一科？I like English . 我喜欢英语。
9.How many books are there on the desk ? 桌上有多少书？There are six /Six . 六本。
10.W hat can you see in our classroom ?在我们教室里，你能看到什么？One computer ,two doors and so on .一台电脑，两扇门等等。
11.M ay I borrow your pencil ?我可以借你的铅笔吗？Of course .Here you are .当然，给你。
12.T hanks a lot . /Thank you ./ Thank you very much .谢谢！You’re welcome ./That’s all right ./Don’t mention it ./It’s my pleasure./Not at all ./Anytime ./That’s OK.不用谢。
有趣的节日英文作文25字
有趣的节日英文作文25字篇一：各传统节日英语作文Dragon Boat Festival, often known as Tuen Ng Festival or Duan Wu Festival, is a traditional Chinese festival held on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese calendar. It is also known as the Double Fifth.[citation needed] It has since been celebrated, in various ways, in other parts of East Asia as well, most notably Korea.The exact origins of Duan Wu are unclear, but one traditional view holds that the festival memorializes the Chinese poet Qu Yuan of the Warring States Period. He committed suicide by drowning himself in a river because he was disgusted by the corruption of the Chu government. The local people, knowing him to be a good man, decided to throw food into the river to feed the fishes to prevent them from eating Qu’s body. They also sat on dragon boats, and tried to scare the fishes away by the thundering sound of drums aboard the boat and the fierce looking dragonhead in the front of the boat.In the early years of the Chinese Republic, Duan Wu was also celebrated as “Poets’ Day”, due to Qu Yuan’s status as China’s first poet of personal renown.Today, people eat zongzi (the food originally intended to feed the fishes) and race dragon boats in memory of Qu’s dramatic death.中文：龙舟节，端午节经常或端午节，是一种传统的节日对中华历5月5日举行。
中考高分突破英语试题及答案
中考⾼分突破英语试题及答案中考⾼分突破英语试题及答案温馨提⽰：本试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟，试卷共8页，注意请将所有答案答在答题卷上。
第⼀部分选择题（80分）⼀、听⼒（共两节，计25分）第⼀节（共9⼩题：每⼩题1分，满分9分）听下⾯9段对话，每段对话后⾯有⼀个⼩题，从题后所给的A、B、C三个选项中先出最佳选项，听完每段对话，你都有10秒钏的时间来回答有关⼩题和阅读下⼀⼩题，每段对话仅读⼀遍。
1.Where is the speaker going?A. A cityB. ChinatownC. A village2. Where does the conversation take place?A. At the cinema.B. At the theatre. C At the booking office.3. What time did the man leave the farm?A. 10:11B. 11:15C. 11:104.What would Mr King like to drink?A.Just a glass of milkB. Just a piece of cake.C. Some cakes and milk.5.What are they talking about?A.The time.B. The work.C. The watch.6.How many friends are going to Lily’s party?A. Four.B. FiveC. Six7.What are they going to do?A.Go swimming.B. Go shopping.C. Go to the zoo.8.What does the woman want to know about the radio?A.Whether the radio programs are interesting.B.Whether the radio is on.C.If there is anything wrong with the radio.9.How is the man traveling?A. By air.B. By sea.C. By train.第⼆节（共16⼩题；每题1分，满分16分）听下⾯5段对话或独⽩，每段对话或独⽩后⾯有⼏个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
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October 31 st was the eve of the Celtic（凯尔特人的）new year. The Celts were the ancestors of the present-day Irish, Welsh and Scottish people. On this day ghosts walked and mingled with the living, or so the Celts thought. The townspeople baked food all that day and when night fell they dressed up and tried to resemble the souls of the dead. Hoping that the ghosts would leave peacefully before midnight of the new year.
The Pumpkin Light
• The Celts would carry a lantern when they walked on the eve of October 31. These lanterns were carved out of big turnips(萝卜） and the lights were believed to keep the evil spirits away. Children would carve faces in the turnips. These carved turnips were called “Jack-o-lanterns”.
Symbols of Halloween
• Halloween originated as a celebration connected with evil spirits. Witches flying on broomsticks with black cats, ghosts, goblins（小精灵）and skeletons have all evolved as symbols of Halloween. They are popular trick-or-treat costumes and decorations for greeting cards and windows.
• Black is one of the traditional Halloween colors, probably because Halloween festivals and traditions took place at night.
• Pumpkins are also a symbol of Halloween. The pumpkin is an orange-colored squash, and orange has become the other traditional Halloween color.
• Today more and more adults celebrate Halloween. They dress up like historical or political figures and go to masquerade parties（化妆舞会）. In larger cities, costumed children and their parents gather at shopping malls early in the evening. Stores and businesses give parties with games and treats for the children. Teenagers enjoy costume dances at their schools and the more outrageous (惊人） the costume the better!
The History of Halloween
田颖
Since the 800‘s， November 1st is a religious holiday known as All Saints’ Day（万 圣节）. The Mass (弥撒） that was said on this day was called All Hallowmas （诸圣 日）. The evening before became known as Halloween. Like some other American celebrations, its origins lie in both pre-Christian and Christian customs.
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• Legends have it that the “Jack-olantern" got its name from a stingy（吝啬） and mean old man, named Jack, who when he died was too mean to get into heaven. When Jack went to hell he was meet by the Devil who gave him a piece of burning coal and sent him away. Jack placed the burning coal in a turnip to use as a lantern to light his way. The legends claim that Jack is still walking with the lantern looking for a place to stay.
• Much later, when Christianity spread throughout Ireland and October 31 was no longer the last day of the year, Halloween became a celebration mostly for children. "Ghosts" went from door to door asking for treats, or else a trick would be played on the owners of the house. When millions of Irish people immigrated to the United States in the 1840s the tradition came with them.
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When the early settlers came to America they found the big round orange pumpkin. Being larger and much more colorful than turnips, they made great “Jack-o-lanterns". Eventually the pumpkin would replace the turnip and become the most widely recognized symbol of the holiday.