Survey of the patients with cleft lip and palate in China who were funded for surgery by the Smi
中考英语医疗服务质量的提升策略单选题40题
中考英语医疗服务质量的提升策略单选题40题1.The doctor is examining the patient's _____.A.situationB.conditionC.positionD.state答案：B。
本题考查名词辨析。
“situation”表示情况、形势；“condition”表示状况、健康状况等，这里指病人的身体状况；“position”表示位置；“state”表示状态、国家等。
在医院场景中，医生检查病人的身体状况用“condition”。
2.The nurse is taking care of the sick people's _____.A.diseasesB.illnessesC.sicknessesD.ailments答案：B。
“disease”通常指具体的疾病；“illness”强调生病的状态；“sickness”和“ailment”也有疾病、不适的意思，但在这个语境中，护士照顾病人的生病状态用“illnesses”更合适。
3.The hospital has advanced medical _____.A.equipmentsB.instrumentsC.devicesD.appliances答案：B。
“equipment”是设备的总称，通常不可数；“instrument”指精密的仪器；“device”装置；“appliance”多指家用电器。
医院有先进的医疗仪器用“instruments”。
4.The patient is suffering from a serious _____.A.illB.sickC.illnessD.sickness答案：C。
“ill”和“sick”是形容词，表示生病的；“illness”和“sickness”是名词，这里需要名词，“illness”更强调具体的疾病，“sickness”更强调不舒服、恶心等。
医学博士英语试题及答案
医学博士英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is the most common cause of death in patients with heart failure?A. Heart attackB. Kidney failureC. Respiratory failureD. Sepsis答案：C2. The primary function of the liver is to:A. Produce bileB. Regulate blood sugar levelsC. Filter bloodD. Produce hormones答案：A3. In medical terminology, "icterus" refers to:A. JaundiceB. HematuriaC. DyspneaD. Edema答案：A4. The term "neuropathy" is most closely associated withwhich system of the body?A. Musculoskeletal systemB. Nervous systemC. Cardiovascular systemD. Respiratory system答案：B5. Which of the following is a risk factor for developing diabetes?A. High blood pressureB. Family history of diabetesC. Both A and BD. Neither A nor B答案：C6. The abbreviation "MRI" stands for:A. Magnetic Resonance ImagingB. Myocardial Reperfusion ImagingC. Metabolic Rate ImagingD. Mitochondrial Respiratory Index答案：A7. A patient with a diagnosis of "pneumonia" is most likely to exhibit which symptom?A. CoughB. DiarrheaC. RashD. Headache答案：A8. The "HIV" in medical terminology stands for:A. Human Immunodeficiency VirusB. Hepatitis Infection VirusC. Hemophiliac Infection VirusD. Hypertension Infection Virus答案：A9. Which of the following is a type of cancer that originates in the blood?A. LeukemiaB. MelanomaC. Lung cancerD. Breast cancer答案：A10. The "ICU" in a hospital setting refers to:A. Intensive Care UnitB. Inpatient Care UnitC. Imaging Control UnitD. Infection Control Unit答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The medical term for inflammation of the heart muscle is ________.答案：cardiomyopathy2. A(n) ________ is a medical professional who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ear, nose, and throat.答案：otolaryngologist3. The process of removing waste products from the body is known as ________.答案：excretion4. A(n) ________ is a type of cancer that originates in the prostate gland.答案：prostate cancer5. The abbreviation "CT" stands for ________.答案：computed tomography6. A patient with a diagnosis of ________ is experiencing difficulty in breathing.答案：asthma7. The medical term for the surgical removal of the appendix is ________.答案：appendectomy8. A(n) ________ is a medical condition characterized by high blood pressure.答案：hypertension9. The abbreviation "MRI" stands for ________.答案：magnetic resonance imaging10. The term "diabetes" refers to a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood ________ levels.答案：glucose三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. Explain the difference between a "benign" tumor and a "malignant" tumor.答案：A benign tumor is a growth that does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. It is generally not life-threatening and can often be removed surgically. In contrast, a malignant tumor is cancerous, meaning it can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems, posing a significant health risk.2. What is the role of the spleen in the human body?答案：The spleen is an important organ in the immune system, primarily responsible for filtering blood and removing damaged cells and bacteria. It also plays a role in the production of white blood cells and the storage of platelets and red blood cells. Additionally, the spleen helps in the recycling of iron from old red blood cells.四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）1. Discuss the importance of a balanced diet in maintaining good health.答案：A balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health as it provides the body with the necessary nutrients, vitamins, and minerals required for optimal functioning. Ithelps in maintaining a healthy weight, supports the immune system, promotes proper growth and development, and reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. A balanced diet typically includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats, while。
11月全国英语等级考试PETS-5阅读试题
11月全国英语等级考试PETS-5阅读试题2016年11月全国英语等级考试PETS-5阅读精选试题距离2016年下半年的公共英语五级考试越来越近了，不知道大家有没做好充足的准备呢?以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于全国英语等级考试PETS-5阅读精选试题，供大家备考。
Section Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(50 minutes)Part A：Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A，B，C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Text 1Gene therapy and gene based drugs are two ways we could benefit from Our growing mastery of genetic science.But there will be others as well.Here is one of the remarkable therapies on the cutting edge of genetic research that could make their way into mainstream medicine in the coming years.While it’S true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human，most of those instructions are inactivated，and with good reason：the last thing you want for your brain cells is to start churning out stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney.The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any an all body parts is very early in a pregnancy.when so-called stem cells haven’t begun to specialize.Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine.Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells-brain cells in Alzheimer’s，cardiac cells in heart disease，pancreatic cells in diabetes，to name a few;if doctors could isolate stem cells，then direct their growth，they might be able to furnishpatients with healthy replacement tissue.It was incredibly difficult，but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural，gut，muscle and bone cells.The process still can’t be controlled，and may have unforeseen limitations;but if efforts to understand and master stem cell development prove successful，doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power.The sanle applies to cloning，which is really just the other side of the coin.True cloning，as first shown with the sheep Dolly two years ago，involves taking a developed cel and reactivating the genome within，resetting its developmental instructions to a pristine state.Once that happens，the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full—fiedged animal，genetically identical to its parent.For agriculture.in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value，biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years.This past year scientists have done for mice and cows what Ian Wilmut did for Dolly，and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year.Human cloning，on the other hand，may be technically feasible but legally and emotionally more difficult.Still，one day it will happen.The ability to reset body cells to a pristine，undeveloped state could give doctors exact：ly the same advantages they would get from stem cells：the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts，and.thus to cure disease.That could prove to be a true“miracle cure”.51.The writer holds that the potential to make healthy bodytissues will_____.[A]aggravate moral issues of human cloning[B]bring great benefits to human beings[C]help scientists decode body instructions[D]involve employing surgical instruments52.The word“rejuvenated”(Para.5)m ost probably means_____.[A]modified[B]recoliccted[C]classified[D]reactivated53.The research at the University of Wisconsin is mentioned to show_____.[A]the isolation of stem cells[B]the effects of gene therapies[C]the advantages of human cloning[D]the limitations of tissue replacepmnts54.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A]The principle of gene therapy is applicable to that of cloning.[B]The isolation of stem ceils is too difficult to be feasible.[C]It is reasonable for all body instructions to be activated.[D]Cloned animals will eventually take control of the world.55.Towards the genetic research，the author’s attitude can best be said to be that of_____.[A] frustration[B]indifference[C]amazement[D]oppositionⅢ Reading Comprehension(共计35分。
雅思英文作文医患
雅思英文作文医患As a doctor, I believe it's important to listen to my patients and understand their concerns. Building trust and communication is essential in the doctor-patient relationship.Patients should feel comfortable expressing their symptoms and concerns to their doctor. It's important for doctors to create a welcoming and non-judgmental environment for their patients.It's crucial for doctors to explain medical conditions and treatment options in a way that patients can understand. Clear communication can help alleviate patients' anxietyand empower them to make informed decisions about their health.Mutual respect is key in the doctor-patient relationship. Doctors should respect their patients' autonomy and involve them in the decision-making processregarding their treatment.It's important for patients to be honest and open with their doctors about their medical history, lifestyle, and any concerns they may have. This information is crucial for doctors to provide the best possible care.Empathy is a vital quality for doctors to possess. Understanding and acknowledging patients' emotions can help build a stronger doctor-patient relationship and improve the overall healthcare experience.In conclusion, the doctor-patient relationship is built on trust, communication, respect, honesty, and empathy. When these elements are present, it can lead to better health outcomes and a more positive experience for both the patient and the doctor.。
2023北京高三一模英语汇编：阅读理解C篇
2023北京高三一模英语汇编阅读理解C篇一、阅读理解（2023·北京东城·统考一模）Many people have participated into lots of virtual meetings these years. Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree. A new study, though, suggests otherwise.In the study, 602 participants were randomly paired and asked to come up with creative uses for a product. They were also randomly selected to work together either in person or virtually. The pairs were then ranked by assessing their total number of ideas, as well as those concepts’ degree of novelty, and asked to submit their best idea. Among the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.“We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers,” said lead researcher Melanie Brucks. “Unlike other forms of virtual communication, like phone calls or e-mail, videoconferencing copies the in-person experience quite well, so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation. ”When random objects were placed in both the virtual and physical rooms, the virtual pairs of participants spent more time looking directly at each other rather than letting their look wander about the room and taking in the entire scene. Eyeing one’s whole environment and noticing the random objects were associated with increased idea generation. On platforms, the screen occupies our interactions. Our look wavers less. “Looking away might come across as rude, ” said Brucks,“so we have to look at the screen because that is the defined context of the interaction, the same way we wouldn’t walk to another room while talking to someone in person. ”Like most educators, Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years, and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well. Her students were more likely to take turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often, rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom. Brucks found that one solution to improving virtual idea generation might be to simply turn off the camera, for her students felt “freer” and more creative when asked to do so. And this may be sound advice for the workplace.Virtual teamwork can’t replace face-to-face teamwork. Idea selection proficiency (能力) is only valuable if you have strong options to select from, and face-to-face teams are the best means to generate winning options. Perhaps the workplace will find a compromise—a sweet spot in the middle that balances working from both home and office.1．What does the underlined word “stiffen” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A．Shake.B．Revise.C．Challenge.D．Strengthen.2．At first, lead researcher Melanie Brucks might think that ________.A．videoconferencing can’t compare with in-person communicationB．participants should make eye contact in an online meetingC．the feedback from companies seems questionableD．creative ideas may emerge from casual thoughts3．What can we learn about Brucks’ class?A．Her students relieved anxiety by speaking up.B．Her students progressed in focusing attention.C．Her students took advantage of virtual learning.D．Her students displayed talent for public speaking. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A．Interacting Virtually Impacts Working Participation B．Maintaining Teamwork Improves Idea Generation C．Grouping Randomly Increases Productivity D．Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity （2023·北京西城·统考一模）Imagine a simple blood test that could flag most kinds of cancers at the earliest, most curable stage. Liquid biopsies could, in theory, detect a tumor (肿瘤) well before it could be found by touch, symptoms or imaging. Blood tests could avoid the need for surgeons to cut tissue samples and make it possible to reveal cancer hiding in places needles and scalpels cannot safely reach. They could also determine what type of cancer is taking root to help doctors decide what treatment might work best to destroy it.Liquid biopsies are not yet in hand, because it is hard to find definitive cancer signals in a tube of blood, but progress in recent years has been impressive. Last year the journal Science published the first big prospective study of a liquid biopsy for DNA and proteins from multiple types of cancers. Though far from perfect, the blood test called CancerSEEK found 26 tumors that had not been discovered with conventional screenings.Liquid biopsies can rely on a variety of biomarkers in addition to tumor DNA and proteins, such as free-floating cancer cells themselves. But what makes the search difficult, Ana Robles, a cancer biologist of the National Cancer Institute, explains, is that “if you have an early-stage cancer or certain types of cancer, there might not be a lot of tumor DNA,” and tests might miss it. The ideal blood test will be both very specific and very sensitive so that even tiny tumors can be found. To tackle this challenge, CancerSEEK looks for cancer-specific mutations (突变) on 16 genes, and for eight proteins that are linked to cancer and for which there are highly sensitive tests.Simple detection is not the only goal. An ideal liquid biopsy will also determine the likely location of the cancer so that it can be treated. “Mutations are often shared among different kinds of cancer, so if you find them in blood, you don’t know if that mutation is coming from a stomach cancer or lung cancer,” says Anirban Maitra, a cancer scientist at the Anderson Cancer Center. To solve that problem, some newer liquid biopsies look for changes in gene expression. Such changes, Maitra notes, are “more organ-specific”.On the nearer horizon are liquid biopsies to help people already diagnosed with cancer. Last year the government approved the first two such tests, which scan for tumor DNA so doctors can select mutation-targeted drugs. Scientists are working on blood tests to detect the first signs of cancer recurrence (复发) in patients who have completed treatment. This work is moving fast, but does it save lives?That is the question companies such as Thrive and Grail must answer for their broadly ambitious screening tests. “These companies have to prove that they can detect early cancer and, more important, that the early detection can have an impact on cancer survival,” Maitra observes.5．According to the passage, liquid biopsies are expected toA．flag cancer and determine the treatmentB．detect cancer signals from a sample of bloodC．take images of tumors and prevent potential cancersD．show types of cancer by measuring the amount of proteins6．What can we learn from the passage?A．Signs of cancer recurrence are not detectable.B．Different kinds of cancer have different gene mutations.C．Biomarkers are much more reliable than tumor DNA and proteins.D．Organ-specific cancers will be identified through changes in gene expression.7．The author is mostly concerned about whether .A．liquid biopsies can discover tumors conventional screenings can’t findB．liquid biopsies can improve the application of mutation-targeted drugsC．liquid biopsies can help save the lives of those with cancerD．liquid biopsies can be developed for cancer prevention（2023·北京海淀·统考一模）To a chef, the sounds of lip smacking, slurping and sallwing are the highest form of fltery (恭维). But to someone with a certain type of misophonia (恐音症), these same sounds can be torturous. Brain scans are now helping scientists start to understand why.People with misophonia experience strong discomfort, annoyance or disgust when they hear particular triggers. These can include chewing, swallowing, slurping, throat clearing, coughing and even audible breathing. Researchers previously thought this reaction might be caused by the brain overactively processing certain sounds. Now, however, a new study published in Journal of Neuroscience has linked some forms of misophonia to heightened “mirroring” behavior in the brain: those affected feel distress while their brains act as if they were imitating the triggering mouth movements."This is the first breakthrough in misophonia research in 25 years, " says psychologist Jennifer J. Brout, who directs the International Misophonia Research Network and was not involved in the new study.The research team, led by Newcastle University neuroscientist Sukhbinder Kumar, analyzed brain activity in people with and without misophonia when they were at rest and while they listened to sounds. These included misophonia triggers (such as chewing), generally unpleasant sounds (like a crying baby), and neutral sounds. The brain's auditory (听觉的) cortex, which processes sound, reacted similarly in subjects with and without misophonia. But in both the resting state and listening trials, people with misophonia showed stronger connections between the auditory cortex and brain regions that control movements of the face, mouth and throat, while the controlled group didn't. Kumar found this connection became most active in participants with misophonia when they heard triggers specific to the condition.“Just by listening to the sound, they activate the motor cortex more strongly. So in a way it was as if they were doing the action themselves,” Kumar says. Some mirroring is typical in most humans when witnessing others' actions; the researchers do not yet know why an excessive (过分的) mirroring response might cause such a negative reaction, and hope to address that in future research. “Possibilities include a sense of loss of control, invasion of personal space, or interference with current goals and actions, " the study authors write.Fatima Husain, an llinois University professor of speech and hearing science, who was not involved in the study, says potential misophonia therapies could build on the new findings by counseling patients about handling unconscious motor responses to triggering sounds- not just coping with the sounds themselves. If this works, sheadds, one should expect to see reduced connected activity between the auditory and motor cortices.8. It can be learnt from the new study that .A. misophonia sufferers can't help imitating the triggersB. people with misophonia are more likely to flatter chefsC. the brains of people with misophonia overreact to sounds stronglyD. misophonia sufferers tend to have similar annoying activities in their brains9. Compared with people without misophonia, people with misophonia .A. suffer less severely at the resting stateB. own markedly different brain structuresC. react more negatively at a mirroring responseD. lose control of their facial movements easily10. What might be the significance of the study?A. Improving speech and hearing science.B. Developing a treatment for misophonia.C. Drawing people's attention to misophonia.D. Promoting human brain structure research.（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）Clown fish live their adult lives in the protective arms of sea anemones, the small brightly colored sea animals attached onto rocks to house clown fish. Between birth and adulthood, however, the fish have to complete a treacherous journey. After hatching, they swim out to the open sea to finish developing. After maturing, the young fish swim back, during which they have to avoid a “wall of mouths” by sensing the unfriendly smells. With ocean acidification, a trend that is occurring worldwide, scientists began to wonder what might happen to fish’s sense of smell.My team put 300 recently hatched clown fish in our lab. When we introduced a friendly fish odor (气味), they did not react. But when we introduced an enemy odor, they swam away. We then repeated the experiment with 300 new hatchlings from the same parents in the more acidic water-a level we can expect by the year 2100 if current trends continue. When we introduced friendly and unfriendly smells at the same time, the fish seemed unable to make up their minds, spending equal time swimming toward one smell and the other. They could sense chemical signals but couldn’t recognize the meaning of them.It is always tricky to say that behaviors seen in a lab would also be seen in the wild. So we went to a sandy lake near one of the Great Barrier Reef’s northern islands to test how wild-caught damselfish would react to enemy smells after exposing them to acidic water. In a tank, about half of them held in water with acidity expected by 2050 were attracted to the unfriendly odor and half were not, yet not one held in water anticipated by 2100 avoided being attracted to the enemy odor. We then let the marked damselfish loose in the lake. The fish once held in the most acidic water swam farther away from their protective home. Can fish adapt? Most studies have habituated fish to lifted acidic conditions over a few days or months-an extremely short length of time. The animals are not given a realistic opportunity to adapt. Yet some scientists thought that fish might escape the anger of ocean acidification, in part because early research done in the 1980s showed that certain animals had an astonishing ability to regulate their internal chemistry to survive acidified water. But maintaining normal functions such as avoiding danger is a different challenge.At a minimum, confusion could place yet another stressor on fish already challenged by rising watertemperatures, overfishing, etc. Further, if many ocean creatures start to behave strangely, entire food webs and ecosystems could come crashing down. Although the science is still new, the results appear to be lining up: ocean acidification is messing with fish’s minds.11．What does the underlined word “treacherous” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A．Risky.B．Hurried.C．Mysterious.D．Helpless.12．What can we learn about the fish in the acidic water?A．They lost their senses to chemical signals.B．They were less likely to respond to threats.C．Their behavior in the lab disappeared in the wild.D．They tended to seek the protection from their home.13．What can be inferred from the passage?A．The author’s study confirms previous findings.B．Fish’s adaptation to acidic water is a matter of time.C．Different fishes behave differently to acidity change.D．The chances of restoring fish’s minds are yet to be seen.14．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A．What Do Different Stressors Do to Ocean Creatures?B．What Does Ocean Acidity Mean to Ocean Creatures?C．How Does Ocean Acidification Destroy the Ecosystem?D．How Do Ocean Creatures Adapt to Ocean Acidification?（2023·北京丰台·统考一模）Many people would answer the question of what makes us human by insisting that we are cultural beings. There is no doubt that we are. But one definition of culture is the totality of traditions acquired in a community by social learning from other individuals, and many animal species have traditions. Can we then say that some animals are cultural beings too?One approach to study culture in animals is the so-called Method of Exclusion (排除), in which scientists investigate behavioral variations across populations of one species. In a famous study, scientists learned that chimpanzee (黑猩猩) behaviors were socially passed on as they were present at some sites but not at others, despite having same ecological settings. For example, chimpanzees in Tai National Park in Ivory Coast are well-known for their nut-cracking skills. Chimpanzees in Gombe national part in Tanzania, on the other hand, do not crack nuts, although nuts exist in their environment too.However, when applying the Method of Exclusion, one has to be very careful. There are other factors that could also explain the pattern of behavioral evaluation. For example, some of the chimpanzee techniques scientists evaluated occur in only one of the three subspecies. So it’s quite possible that these behaviors also have an innate component. This would mean that one chimpanzee subspecies uses a new technique not out of cultural tradition, but because the behavior is fixed to specific genes. Another factor that has to be excluded is of course the environment Chimpanzees in Mahale do not fish algae (水藻), simply because algae does not exist there.But when we exclude all the variations that can be explained by genes or environment, we still find that animals do show cultural variations. Does that mean there is no real difference between them and us after all? Not exactly: There is a fundamental difference between human and animal culture. Only humans can build culturally on what generations before us have learned. This is called “cumulative culture”. We don’t have to keep reinventing the wheel. This is called the “ratchet (棘轮) effect”. Like a ratchet that can be turned forward but not back, people’s cultural techniques evolve.It is likely that behaviors we see today in chimpanzee cultures could be invented over and over again by individual animals themselves. In contrast, a child born today would not be able to invent a computer without the knowledge of many past generations.15．Why does the author mention the example of the chimpanzees in two parks in Paragraph 2?A．To prove that culture does exist in animals.B．To justify the uniqueness of the research method.C．To compare how chimpanzees behave in different parks.D．To stress the importance of environment in studying culture.16．What does the underlined word “innate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Advanced.B．Inborn.C．Adaptive.D．Intelligent.17．What can we learn from the passage?A．Cumulative culture is what sets humans apart from animals.B．Culure in animals is as worthy to be valued as human culture.C．Animals don’t have the ability to invent behaviors in a community.D．The “ratchet effect” decides if humans can build on past experiences.（2023·北京石景山·Recently, a new discovery has been made in the field of biology that challenges our previous understanding of the origins of life on Earth. For decades, scientists believed that life emerged in a warm, shallow pond, where a series of chemical reactions led to the creation of the first living cells. However, a team of researchers has now uncovered evidence that suggests life may have actually begun in a quite different environment.The discovery was made in a remote part of the ocean, where a team of scientists was exploring a hydrothermal vent (深海热泉) system located deep beneath the surface. Hydrothermal vents release superheated water and gases from the Earth’s mantle (地幔). They create an extreme environment that is unfavourable to most forms of life, but home to a variety of unique organisms.As the scientists collected samples of the vent’s mineral-rich liquid, they noticed something strange. They discovered that it contained a complex network of organic molecules (分子), including amino acids (氨基酸) and other building blocks of life. This was surprising, as hydrothermal vents were previously thought to be empty of life-supporting chemicals. However, the most striking discovery was yet to come. Analysis of the organic molecules revealed that they were not simply the product of chemical reactions in the vent, but rather had been produced by living organisms. This served as evidence of a lively ecosystem that was completely independent of sunlight and the surface world.This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of the origins of life on Earth. The warmpond hypothesis (假说), which has long been the dominant theory, suggests that life emerged in a relatively warm and damp environment. However, the new evidence from the hydrothermal vent system suggests that life may have actually begun in an extreme environment, where survival was only possible through the development of original biochemical pathways. The discovery also raises new questions about the potential for life to exist on other celestial bodies (天体). Hydrothermal vents have been identified on Saturn’s moon Enceladus and Jupiter’s moon Europa. The presence of organic molecules at these sites suggests that unique forms of life may exist.While this discovery is still in its early stages, it is already beginning to reshape our understanding of the origins of life and the potential for life on other planets. It is a testament to the power of scientific exploration and the incredible complexity of life on Earth. As we continue to explore the depths of the ocean and the vast expanse of space, who knows what other surprises and discoveries lie in store.18．What did the scientists newly discover in the vent’s liquid?A．Superheated gases.B．A variety of minerals.C．Life-supporting chemicals.D．Complex forms of life.19．What can we learn from the passage?A．The warm pond hypothesis proves to be right.B．Organic molecules lead to chemical reactions.C．Forms of life were identified in the vents on other planets.D．Original biochemical pathways can occur in severe conditions.20．What is conveyed in the last paragraph?A．Researches help us push the boundaries of technology.B．Scientists have addressed the limitations of the research.C．D．Researchers have confirmed the origins and complexity of life.（2023·北京房山·统考一模）Vast underwater meadows (草甸) of gently waving sea grass cover hundreds of miles up and down the West Coast. These blue-green fields perform a variety of important services. They protect the shoreline from erosion, clear pollutants from the water and provide habitats for all kinds of marine animals.New research suggests sea grass meadows may also mitigate a serious consequence of greenhouse gas emissions: the steady acidification of ocean waters. The study published in the journal Global Change Biology finds that sea grass forests can raise pH levels in coastal waters. As they perform photosynthesis (光合作用), they remove carbon dioxide from the water, counteracting the acidifying effect of the gas.“I think we are all very excited about it,” said lead study author Aurora Ricart, a scientist at the Bigelow Laboratory for Marine Sciences.Ocean acidification is a side effect of rising carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Some of this CO2 dissolves out of the air and into the sea, causing a chemical reaction that lowers the water’s pH. Scientists sometimes refer to it as global warming’s “evil twin”—an invisible companion to climate change.Ocean acidification can have harmful effects on marine organisms like shellfish and coral by preventing them from properly forming the hard shells they need to survive. It’s a threat both to natural ecosystems and to shellfish fisheries around the world. The study presents a natural way to address the problem.Researchers analyzed six years of data from sea grass meadows spanning more than 600 miles off the California coastline. It focused on the common eelgrass, one of the most widespread sea grass species on the West Coast. The authors claim it’s the largest, most comprehensive study of its kind.According to the study, sea grass ecosystems can raise pH levels by more than 0.1 unit, equivalent to about a 30% decrease in acidity. The effect isn’t constant. It comes in waves and is influenced by temperature, daylight, ocean currents and other factors that affect water chemistry and sea grass photosynthesis rates. But the tempering influence on acidification can be lasting, sometimes persisting for up to three weeks at a time. The study also shows that pH is higher in sea grass ecosystems, compared to nearby areas with no sea grass, about 65% of the time.The study didn’t investigate the effects of higher pH on marine organisms — that’s a question for future research. But there’s reason to believe these meadows may have a positive influence on shellfish and other ocean animals.21．What can we learn from this passage?A．Sea grass forests can lower pH levels of coastal waters.B．Shellfish and corals are not affected by ocean acidification.C．Sea grass meadows can help remove pollutants from the sea water.D．The effects of higher pH on marine organisms were investigated in this study.22．What does the underlined word “mitigate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．Relieve.B．Present.C．Cause.D．Predict.23．Paragraph 7 tells us the research ________.A．findings B．process C．questions D．reflection24．Why does the author write this passage?A．To illustrate the serious situation of climate change.B．To present the living conditions of the underwater meadows.C．To emphasize the importance of research on marine pollution.D．To introduce a natural way to solve the problem of ocean acidification.（2023·北京延庆·统考一模）Making use of the wind, the water or, for more than half of all plant species, animals, plants disperse (散播) seeds far and wide. Frugivores — animals such as gibbons that feed on the fleshy fruits of plants — eat and then excrete (排泄) seeds away from the original tree. The African savanna elephant can carry seeds up to a record-breaking distance of 65 kilometres. This ability to shift geographical ranges will be crucial to plants when it comes to surviving climate change. However, just like all gibbon species, the African savanna elephant is endangered, its population down by 60 percent over the past 50 years.Researchers in Denmark and the USA have published a new study into how the loss of seed-dispersing animals could affect the resilience (恢复力) of forests and other natural ecosystems. According to their research, this loss has already reduced the ability of plants to move in pace with climate change by 60 percent, and in some areas by as much as 95 percent.Evan Fricke, lead author of the study, explains that in order to reach these results, they pulled together existing data from all previous studies and used machine learning to develop models that could estimate the seed dispersal potential of any animal, even ones that are now extinct.The researchers found that, historically, the decline of seed-dispersing animals has had the greatest influence on plants across the temperate (温带的) regions of North and South America, Europe and southern Australia. “Our temperate ecosystems have lost a lot of the natural seed-dispersal function that they would have had.” explains Fricke, referring to large mammals that were once widespread in these regions.Nevertheless, the poor conservation status of many seed-dispersing tropical animals puts plants in regions such as Southeast Asia and Madagascar most at risk today. Without the preservation of such animals, global seed dispersal could decline by a further 15 percent. “The direct implication of this decline is that many plant species will be unable to keep pace with a changing climate,” says Fricke. “That means the potential loss not only of plant biodiversity but of the ecosystem functions that those plants provide.”As wildlife is lost, plants can no longer adapt and survive and forests become less sustainable, which reduces the amount of carbon they can store. They also lose their ability to support wildlife. Whole ecosystems are disrupted. The conclusion, Fricke says, is clear: we must conserve currently endangered species and restore the populations of important seed dispersers. “Independent of climate change, rewilding has the potential to benefit our ecosystems, but in a changing climate, it has the added benefit of increasing the climate resilience of those ecosystems,” he says.25．The author mentions the African savanna elephant in Paragraph 1 is to ________.A．highlight the problem B．predict the endingC．express an opinion D．provide a solution26．What does Fricke conclude from the study?A．plants disperse seeds by way of animals excreting them.B．rewilding can promote the climate resilience of our ecosystems.C．seed-dispersing animals could hardly affect the natural ecosystems.D．the loss of seed-dispersing animals has little influence on temperate regions.27．Which would be the best title of the passage?A．The Resilience of EcosystemsB．The Conservation of Seed-dispersing AnimalsC．Animals That Spread Seeds Are Essential — And Under ThreatD．Animals That Spread Seeds Are Endangered — And Well Protected。
病人去诊所雅思作文
病人去诊所雅思作文The experience of a patient visiting a clinic is a common occurrence intoday's society. This essay aims to explore the various aspects of a patient'svisit to a clinic, focusing on the interactions and experiences that take place during such visits. The essay will delve into the historical background of clinics, analyze different perspectives and opinions surrounding the topic, provide case studies or examples to illustrate key points, offer a critical evaluation of the topic, and conclude with future implications or recommendations related to the title.The concept of clinics and medical facilities has a long historical background, dating back to ancient civilizations where healers and physicians would treat patients in designated spaces. Over time, these spaces evolved into moreformalized institutions, with the establishment of hospitals and clinics dedicated to providing medical care to individuals. The development of modern medicine and healthcare systems has further shaped the way clinics operate today, with advancements in technology and medical practices influencing the patient experience.When it comes to the patient's visit to a clinic, there are various perspectives and opinions that surround the topic. Some individuals may viewclinic visits as a necessary part of maintaining their health, while others may approach it with apprehension or anxiety. The experience of a clinic visit canvary greatly depending on the individual's health condition, the quality of care provided by the clinic, and the overall environment and atmosphere of the facility.To illustrate the various aspects of a patient's visit to a clinic, let us consider a case study of a middle-aged individual seeking treatment for a chronic health condition. This individual may have had previous experiences with clinics, both positive and negative, which can shape their expectations and emotions surrounding the visit. The interaction with clinic staff, the waiting time, thequality of care received, and the overall experience of the visit can greatly impact the patient's perception of the clinic.In evaluating the topic of a patient's visit to a clinic, it is important to consider both the benefits and drawbacks of such experiences. On one hand, clinics provide essential medical care and support to individuals in need, offering a range of services from routine check-ups to specialized treatments. They serve as a vital resource for maintaining public health and well-being, playing a crucial role in disease prevention and management. However, there are also drawbacks to consider, such as long wait times, limited access to certain services, and the potential for miscommunication or dissatisfaction with the care received.Looking towards the future, there are implications and recommendations related to the topic of a patient's visit to a clinic. It is important for clinics to prioritize patient-centered care, ensuring that individuals feel supported, informed, and empowered throughout their visit. This can be achieved through improved communication, streamlined processes, and a focus on holistic care that addresses the physical, emotional, and psychological needs of patients. Additionally, advancements in technology and healthcare practices can further enhance the patient experience, offering new opportunities for personalized care and improved outcomes.In conclusion, the experience of a patient visiting a clinic is a multifaceted topic that encompasses historical, social, and personal dimensions. By exploring the various perspectives, case studies, and evaluations related to clinic visits, we can gain a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities that exist within the healthcare system. Looking ahead, it is essential to prioritizepatient-centered care and strive for continuous improvement in the delivery of medical services, ensuring that individuals receive the support and attention they need during their clinic visits.。
全面版医疗满意度调查问卷英文版
全面版医疗满意度调查问卷英文版Comprehensive Medical Satisfaction Survey Questionnaire1. Introduction:Thank you for participating in our comprehensive medical satisfaction survey. Your feedback is valuable to us in improving our services. Please answer the following questions honestly and to the best of your ability.2. Personal Information:- Age:- Gender:- Occupation:- Ethnicity:3. Medical Facility Experience:- How would you rate the cleanliness of the medical facility?- Were the staff members courteous and helpful?- Did you experience any delays in receiving medical attention?- Did you feel comfortable and cared for during your visit?4. Doctor Interaction:- How would you rate the communication skills of your doctor?- Did the doctor listen to your concerns and address them adequately?- Did the doctor explain your medical condition and treatment plan clearly?- Did you feel confident in the doctor's abilities?5. Medical Services:- Did you receive prompt and efficient medical care?- Were the medical tests and procedures explained to you beforehand?- Were the treatment options discussed with you before making a decision?- Were you satisfied with the outcome of the medical services received?6. Overall Satisfaction:- On a scale of 1 to 10, how satisfied are you with the medical care you received?- Would you recommend this medical facility to friends and family?- Do you plan to continue receiving medical care at this facility in the future?- Is there anything else you would like to share about your experience?7. Conclusion:Thank you for taking the time to complete our comprehensive medical satisfaction survey. Your feedback will help us improve our services and ensure that all patients receive the best possible care. Your input is greatly appreciated.。
医学人文英语U2一课一练
Part Ⅰ WritingDirections：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Some Useful Ways to Prevent from Influenza．You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words．Your essay may cover the following topics:1.What is influenza?2.How to prevent from influenza?【解析】任答即可得分Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A Conversation OneDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.A conversation between an intern and Dr. Zhang while they are having the morning ward-round.1.A.Febrile convulsionB.Aids.C.Stomachache.D.Autism【解析】A2.A. His temperature is as high as 40.2 centigradeB.200mg aspirin has been given to him.C.Sodium Luminal was given intramuscularly.D.Drugs have quieted him down.【解析】B3.A.The intern gave him 500ml of 10% glucose solution with Vitamin C 1.0g by oral.B.The intern refused to place an ice bottle on the patient's forehead.C.The medicine which the intern gave to the patient was of no use.D.Dr. Zhang thought the intern had done a good job.【解析】D4.A.The boy had an extremely high fever for a long time.B.The boy did not have sore throat, vomiting and mid diarrhea.C.His parent did not regard it as common cold so they refused to gave him Aspirin.D.The penicillin which was given by intramuscular injection to the boy with dose of 400,000 each time, twice a day seems no effective.【解析】DIntern: Good Morning, Dr. Zhang.Dr Zhang: Good Morning. Let’s make the morning ward-round.Intern: OK, this is a new patient who was hospitalized last night because of febrile convulsion. He is a two-year-old boy.Dr Zhang: How about his temperature? Have any antipyretics and sedatives been given?Intern: His temperature is as high as 40.2 centigrade. Aspirin has been given by oral, the dose is 150mg. And Sodium Luminal was given intramuscularly. The dose is75mg. Drugs have already quieted him down.Dr Zhang: Anything else?Intern: Also gave him some fluid, I mean, 500ml of 10% glucose solution with Vitamin C 1.0g by intravenous drip, and placed an ice bottle on his forehead.Dr Zhang: Well done. Pass me his medical record, please.Intern: Here it is.Dr Zhang: Thank you. Let me see…present illness.Intern: The boy had a fever the day before yesterday. With clear nasal discharge, mild cough, headache, sore throat, anorexia, vomiting and mid diarrhea. His parent regarded it as common cold, and gave him some Aspirin. The following day, Penicillin was given by intramuscular injection, with dose of 400,000 each time, twice a day. It seems no effective.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard．1. Why was the new patient hospitalized last night?2. Which of the following statement about the new patient is NOT true?3. What do we learn from the conversation?4. What do we learn from the patient's medical record?2.Section A Conversation TwoA conversation between a doctor and a parent whose child has a temperature and cough.5.A.He himself is feeling sick.B.His child has a temperature and cough for three days.C.He has difficulty in breathing.D.He has chest pain for a long time.【解析】B6.A.ApoplexyB.Anemia.C.Pneumonia.D.Diabetes.【解析】C7.A.He is too poor to let his child be admitted to hospital for treatment.B.He has to look after his other children at home.C. He does not think that his child is serious.D.His child is allergic to penicillin.【解析】B8.A.The doctor warns that the parent should make sure that his child would not cough up the sputumB.The doctor warns that if the boy has difficulty in breathing, do not turn him for from side to side.C.The doctor warns that give the boy medicine regularly and come back to the clinic for his injections three times a dayD.The doctor warns that if the boy's condition gets worse, bring him back anytime. 【解析】DA conversation between a doctor and a parent whose child has a temperature and cough.Parent: My child has a temperature and cough for three days, yesterday he became worse.Doctor: Has he any difficulty in breathing? Does he complain of chest pains? Does he play as usual?Parent: He’s weak, and can’t breathe easily. He’s very paleDoctor: I’ll examine his lungs. Most likely, it’s pneumonia. Let him have a fluoroscopy check.Doctor: Yes, he has pneumonia.Parent: Is it serious? Is there any danger?Doctor: I think he should be admitted to hospital for treatment.Parent: I have other children at home. I have to take care of them too, is it possible to have him treated in the out-patient clinic?Doctor: Yes, I would like to give him penicillin injections twice a day for two days. Is he allergic to penicillin?Parent: No, he isn’t.Doctor: It’s important for the air to be a little humid. It makes it easier for him to cough up the sputum. If he has difficulty in breathing, raise his head a little bit with a pillow or half-sit him up in bed. Turn him for from side to side once every two to three hours. Give him easily digested food and lots of water to drink. Give him medicine regularly and come back to the clinic for his injections twice a day. If hiscondition gets worse, bring him back anytime. Otherwise come back to see me the day after tomorrow.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard．5.Why does the parent come to find the doctor?6.What kind of disease does the boy probably have?7.Why does the parent want to have his child treated in the out-patient clinic?8.What do we learn from the conversation?3.Section B Passage oneDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.9.A.They recommend everyone older than 3 months get their flu shot.B.It's unnecessary for those older than 6 months to get their flu shot.C.They recommend everyone older than 6 months get their flu shot.D.It's unnecessary for the U.S. residents to get their flu shot.【解析】C10.A.The flu vaccine injection contains no live virusB.One can get the flu from the flu vaccine.C.The flu vaccine injection only contains viral proteinsD.It's impossible to spread the flu from the injection.【解析】B11.A.It's a mild influenza infection.B.It's a true influenza infection.C.It's a reaction to the vaccine.D.It's an allergy to the vaccine.【解析】CPassage oneFlu season is just around the corner, and it typically stretches through the early spring. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is recommending that everyone older than 6 months get their flu shot. During the 2011-2012 flu season, 128 million people in the U.S., or 42 percent of the population, received a flu shot, according to the CDC. That's close to the 43 percent that were vaccinated the previous year.CDC officials estimated flu vaccinations last year prevented 5 million cases of influenza, and 40,000 hospitalizations. But myths and misinformation about the flu are circulating like viruses. Here are the facts about the flu vaccine. Myth: You can get the flu, or a mild case of it, from the flu vaccine.The flu vaccine injection contains no live virus, only viral proteins, said Dr. Dennis Cunningham, an infectious disease specialist at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio. "It's impossible to get the flu, and it's impossible to spread the flu," from the injection, Cunningham said.After the injection, some people may experience pain in the arm near the injection site, or develop a low fever — this is a reaction to the vaccine, not a true influenza infection, not even a mild one, he said. "People with this reaction are able to go to work, that is not the case with the flu. With an influenza infection, you're flat on your back, you're exhausted, hot and hurt," he said.The flu vaccine that is delivered as a nasal spray, rather than as injection, does contain live viruses, but these viruses have been weakened, and so they also cannot cause the flu, according to the CDC.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard．9. What does the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend?10. Which of the following statement is NOT true about the flu vaccine ?11. Why may some people experience pain in the arm near the injection site, or develop a low fever?4.Section B Passage twoIn this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.12.A.Drugs may help those patients who are hospitalized with severe flu.B.Drugs are a cure for those patients who are hospitalized with severe flu.C.Drugs may cut down on the duration of the flu by a day or two.D.Drugs are of no use to those patients who are hospitalized.【解析】A13.A.There's only one type of virus that cause the flu.B.The strains of the flu virus that are circulating change from year to year.C.The strains of the flu virus are basically the same from year to year.D.The flu vaccine is only effective to certain bacteria.【解析】B14.A.A strain of the 2009 H1N1 virus.B.A strain called H3N2.C.An influenza C virus.D.An influenza B virus.【解析】C15.A.The H1N1 virus was not used to make last year's vaccine.B.The H3N2 and B viruses are the same as the strains used to make last year's vaccine.C.One is suggested to get a flu shot every year is that the immunity that develops after getting the shot wanes by the following year.D.Those antibodies you get from your shot will be for the next flu season.【解析】CPassage twoAntibiotics only kill bacteria, but the flu is caused by a virus. There are anti-viral drugs that can fight flu infections, Cunningham said, but they've only been shown to work when they're given with 48 hours of the start of symptoms. "Most people, by the time they go to the doctor, they're past the 48-hour mark," he said.For patients hospitalized with severe flu, the drugs may help, he said. But they aren't a cure, and for most people who aren't hospitalized, they may only cut down on the duration of the flu by a day or two.Myth: You don't need to get the flu vaccine if you got it last year — the strains are basically the same. There are two reasons why it's recommended that people get the flu vaccine every year, Cunningham said. One reason yearly vaccination is needed is that the strains of the flu virus that are circulating change from year to year. "It's like the common cold — there's more than one type of virus that cause the flu," in fact, there are hundreds of flu viruses, he said.Each year, health officials identify the viruses that are the most likely to cause illness during the upcoming flu season, according to the CDC. The vaccine for the 2012-2013 flu season, protects against two type A influenza viruses (one is a strain of the 2009 H1N1 virus, the other is a strain called H3N2), and an influenza B virus. One of these viruses (the H1N1 virus) was also used to make last year's vaccine, but the H3N2 and B viruses are different from the strains used to make last year's vaccine. The second reason a flu shot is needed every year is that the immunity that develops after getting the shot wanes by the following year. "If you get your shot in August, you'll be safe though March, but those antibodies won't be for the next flu season," Cunningham said.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard．12. Which of the following statement is right about patients hospitalized according to the passage?13. Why it's recommended that people get the flu vaccine every year?14. What can not the vaccine for the 2012-2013 flu season protect from?15. What do we learn from the passage?5.Section C Recording OneDirections：In this section，you will hear three recordings of lectures or reports followed by three or four questions．The recordings Will be played only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C and D．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the canter．16.A.Lots of studies have shown that vitamins may offer some protection against the impacts of air pollutionB.Researchers in the UK found that high doses of these supplements may be of no use to the damage caused by very fine particulate matter.C.The scientists involved say B vitamins do have some effect but emphasize the limitations of their work.D.Scientists have done many follow up studies about B vitamins.【解析】C17.A. Its particles have a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometersB. It comes from diesel cars, wood burning stoves.C. At around 1/30 the width of a human hair, PM2.5 fragments may bring harm to human lung.D.Scientists have confirmed that PM2.5 causes what are termed epigenetic changes in our cells that can damage our health.【解析】D18.A.Bisphenol BB.Bisphenol CC.Bisphenol AD.Bisphenol D【解析】CB vitamins may offer some protection against the impacts of air pollution, a small scale human trial suggests. Researchers in the US found that high doses of these supplements may "completely offset" the damage caused by very fine particulate matter. The scientists involved say the effect is real but stress the limitations of their work.Follow up studies are urgently needed, they say, in heavily polluted cities like Beijing or Mexico. While the impacts of air pollution on health have become a cause of growing concern to people all around the world, the actual mechanics of exactly how dirty air makes people sick are not clearly understood.According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 90% of the world's population live in areas where air pollution exceeds safety guidelines. One of thepollutants that is considered the most dangerous is very fine particulate matter, referred to as PM2.5, where particles have a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers. These complex particulates come from diesel cars, wood burning stoves and as a by-product of chemical reactions between other polluting gases. At around 1/30 the width of a human hair, PM2.5 fragments can lodge deep in the human lung and contribute to lung and heart health issues in the young and old.Scientists have long suspected that PM2.5 causes what are termed epigenetic changes in our cells that can damage our health. The genes in our DNA contain the instructions for life, but epigenetics controls how those instructions are used - it's like the relationship between an mp3 track and the volume control, you can only hear the musical notes (genes) when you dial up the volume (epigenetic changes).The study shows the very presence of environmental factors like air pollution seems to alter genes in the immune system at the epigenetic level - switching them on or off, and inhibiting our defenses. Researchers had already seen that nutrients could somehow stop this process in animal studies with the chemical Bisphenol A.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard．16. Which of the following statement about B vitamins is true?17.Which of the following statement about P.M2.5 is NOT true?18. According to some researchers, what chemical can somehow stop immune system from switching on or off in animal studies?6.Section C Recording TwoDirections：In this section，you will hear three recordings of lectures or reports followed by three or four questions．The recordings Will be played only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C and D．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the canter．19.A.Bad cholesterolB.Heart-healthy polyunsaturated fatsC. Monounsaturated fatsD.With fiber, protein, vitamins and minerals.【解析】A20.A.They do not have as much omega-3 fatty acids as their siblings do.B.They contain a great abundant of omega-3 fatty acids which are important for skin health.C.They contain the least antioxidants compared with other nutsD.They do not contain much calorie.【解析】B21.A.20 grams of nuts a day can cut people's risk of heart disease by nearly 30%.B.20 grams of nuts a day can cut people's risk of cancer by 15%.C. 20 grams of nuts a day can cut people's risk of lung disease by 20%.D.20 grams of nuts a day can cut people's risk of premature death by 22%【解析】CNuts are rich in heart-healthy polyunsaturated fats and monounsaturated fats, which lower LDL or "bad" cholesterol; plus, they are a good source of phytosterols, compounds that help lower blood cholesterol. They are packed with fiber, protein, vitamins and minerals, including folate, vitamin E, potassium and magnesium. Walnuts are a winner among nuts, because unlike their siblings, they have a significant amount of essential omega-3 fatty acids, which are important for skin health. They also contain the most antioxidants compared with other nuts, according to a study from the American Chemical Society.Because they are high in fat, nuts are also calorie-dense. A small handful goes a long way. But the fat, along with protein, is satiating and helps slow rises in blood sugar. That can prevent cravings for sweets and other carbohydrate-rich foods. In fact, research suggests that nuts may help with appetite control, which can prevent weight gain or even help with weight loss.Research has also shown that eating nuts daily may help us live healthier lives. A 2016 analysis of 29 studies and up to 819,000 people revealed that 20 grams of nuts a day -- equivalent to a handful -- can cut people's risk of heart disease by nearly 30%, their risk of cancer by 15% and their risk of premature death by 22%.The study included all kinds of tree nuts, such as hazelnuts and walnuts, and peanuts (which are technically legumes). Other research has suggested that eating nuts every day in place of carbohydrates can help control type 2 diabetes. Although it may be nuts to not include nuts in your diet, it's important to watch portions, because calories in nuts add up quickly. Macadamia nuts are the most caloric, at 240 calories per quarter-cup.Walnuts have approximately 160 calories per quarter cup; pistachios and pecans have about 170 calories, and peanuts and cashews have about 200 calories. If you are watching sodium, choose raw or unsalted nuts. To reduce the calorie load from nuts, choose raw or dry-roasted instead of oil-roasted nuts.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard．19. What are nuts not rich in?20. What do we learn about Walnuts from the passage?21. What does an analysis done in 2016 have NOT shown?7.Section C Recording ThreeDirections：In this section，you will hear three recordings of lectures or reports followed by three or four questions．The recordings Will be played only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C and D．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the canter．22.A.Selling high calorie foods in plain packaging could help in the battle against obesity.B.A leading researcher has won a share of the most lucrative prize in neuroscience.C.Colorful wrapping is not attractive to fat people.D.High energy foods bring harm to people's health.【解析】A23.A.Encouraging people to buy items that put them at risk of obesity in the future.B.Encouraging people to buy items that put them at risk of lung cancer in the future.C.Encouraging people to buy items that put them at risk of influenza in the future.D.Encouraging people to buy items that put them at risk of heart disease in the future.【解析】B24.A.To unravel how people become obese.B.To unravel how colorful wrapping bring harm to human.C.To unravel how the brain uses rewards to learn and shape behavior.D.To unravel how human beings react to different kinds of attractive foods.【解析】C25.A.Schultz found it released from the brain thirty years ago.B.Schultz found that animals do not have it in their brains.C.Schultz found that only some animals release it from their brains.D.Schultz did not have further studies on it.【解析】ASelling high calorie foods in plain packaging could help in the battle against obesity according to a leading researcher who has won a share of the most lucrative prize in neuroscience for his work on the brain’s reward system.The colorful wrapping and attractive advertising of calorie-rich foods encourage people to buy items that put them at risk of overeating and becoming obese in the future, said Wolfram Schultz, a professor of neuroscience at the University of Cambridge.“We should not advertise, propagate or encourage the unnecessary ingestion of calories,” Schultz said at a press conference held on Monday to announce the winners of the 2017 Brain Prize. “There should be some way of regulating the desire to get more calories. We don’t need these calories.”“Colorful wrapping of high energy foods of course makes you buy more of that stuff and once you have it in your fridge, it’s in fr ont of you every time you open the fridge and ultimately you’re going to eat it and eat too much,” he added.Schultz shares the €1m prize from the Lundbeck Foundation in Denmark with professors Peter Dayan, director of the Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit at UCL, and Ray Dolan, director of the Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing. Together, the scientists unraveled how the brain uses rewards to learn and shape behavior.Thirty years ago, Schultz was studying neurons in the brain that release a chemical messenger called dopamine. He found that when animals were given a reward in the form of fruit juice, the neurons fired in appreciation.But further experiments revealed the brain’s reward system to be more complex. When animals were taught to associate particular images with an impending fruit juice treat, their neurons fired on seeing the pictures instead of when the drink was taken. If no drink appeared, the reaction of the neurons gradually faded over time. The work reveals one of the most crucial biological mechanisms ever to have evolved. For organisms to survive and reproduce they need food, drink and sex. The brain’sreward system helps the brain to learn what behavior and resources satisfy those needs.“It’s a perfect teaching signal,” said Schultz.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard．22. What is the report mainly about?23. According to Wolfram Schultz, what risk may colorful wrapping and attractive advertising of calorie-rich foods bring?24. What research do Wolfram Schultz Peter Dayan, Ray Dolan do together?25. Which of the following statement about dopamine is true?Part III Reading Comprehension1.Section ADirections：In this section．there is a passage with ten blanks．You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage．Read the passage through carefully before making your choices．Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center．You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．The flu 1 is safe for pregnant women, and for babies older than 6 months, Cunningham said. In fact, the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (the leading group of women's health care physicians) recommends that pregnant women be vaccinated against the flu. "No study to date has shown an 2 consequence of inactivated influenza vaccine in pregnant women or their 3," according to the ACOG. The CDC notes that 4 women should receive the vaccine by injection, not nasal spray. The flu can be 5 severe for pregnant women, because the body 6 its normal level of immune system function during pregnancy, Cunningham said. For example, during the 2009 H1N1 flu pandemic, pregnant women 7 for a disproportionate number of deaths. This year's flu vaccine includes a strain of theH1N1 virus. 8, the rate of preterm birth among women 9 with H1N1 was 30 percent; more than double the usual rate in the U.S. of 13 percent, according to the CDC. Other research has suggested the flu vaccine during pregnancy is linked with a lower risk of stillbirth. Vaccinated women may also lower their risk infecting their newborns, Cunningham said. The American Academy of Pediatrics and the CDC recommendthat children over 6 months old receive the flu shot. 10 children have a higher risk of dying from the flu than those are vaccinated, research has shown.【解析】1.D.vaccine2.O.adverse3.B.offspring4.F.pregnant5.A.particularly6.I.reduces7.L.accounted8.E.Additionally9.N.infected10.G.Unvaccinated2.Section B (请填写大写字母）Directions: In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it．Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs．Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived．You may choose a paragraph more than once．Each paragraph is marked with a letter．Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2．Women really are better doctors, study suggestsA) If male doctors were able to do as well as their female counterparts when treating elderly patients in the hospital, they could save 32,000 lives a year, according to a study of 1.5 million hospital visits. A month after patients were hospitalized, there was a small but significant difference in the likelihood that they were still alive or had to be readmitted to the hospital depending on the gender of the doctor who caredfor them, according to the study published in JAMA Internal Medicine. Although the analysis can't prove the gender of the physician was the determining factor, the researchers made multiple efforts to rule out other explanations.B) "If we had a treatment that lowered mortality by 0.4 percentage points or half a percentage point, that is a treatment we would use widely. We would think of that asa clinically important treatment we want to use for our patients,” said Ashish Jha, professor of health policy at the Harvard School of Public Health. They estimate that 32,000 patients' lives could be saved in the Medicare population alone is on par with the number of deaths from vehicle crashes each year.C) For years, studies have suggested that men and women practice medicine differently. Women are more likely to adhere to clinical guidelines and counsel patients on preventive care. They are more communicative than men. But whether those differences have a meaningful impact on patients' well-being has been unclear.D) The disturbing reason why we don’t believe young, black women are really doctors. The new study, based on an analysis of four years of Medicare data, found that patients treated by a female doctor had a little less than half of a percentage point difference in the likelihood they would die within a month of their hospitalization. There was a similar drop in patients having to go back to the hospital over that month. Those are not large differences, but Jha pointed out that major health policies aimed at improving mortality in hospitals and increasing patient safety had resulted in a similar drop in mortality over a decade.E) To try to rule out other possible explanations for the difference — such as healthier patients' preference for female doctors — the researchers did an analysis where they looked solely at hospitalists, doctors who see patients who are admitted to hospitals and who are typically not chosen by patients. They also made sure patients had similar characteristics in the two groups. They compared doctors within hospitals, to avoid measuring a difference that could be accounted for by comparing a woman who worked at a rural community hospital with a man who worked at an urban trauma center.F) Vineet Arora, an associate professor of medicine at the University of Chicago, praised the research but was cautious to read too much into the main result, pointing out that it was important to remember the effect might stem from multiple factors.“It could be something the doctor is doing. It could be something about how the patient is rea cting to the doctor,” Arora said. “It’s really hard to say. It's probably multi-factorial.”G) New study finds that men are often their own favorite experts on any given subject. What the study drove home for Arora, who works as a hospitalist, is that women are certainly not worse doctors than men — and they should be compensated equitably. A study published earlier this year found a$20,000 pay gap between male and female doctors after controlling for other factors, such as age, specialty and faculty rank, that might influence compensation.H) She noted that female doctors, who are often being hired in their childbearing years, may face a subtle form of discrimination, in the worry that they will be less committed or that they will not work as hard when they have children.“Having a female physician is an asset,” Arora said.I) William Weeks, a professor of psychiatry at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine, said that the researchers had done a good job of trying to control for other factors that might influence the outcome. He noted that one caveat is that hospital care is usually done by a team. That fact was underscored by the method the researchers used to identify the doctor who led the care for patients in the study. To identify the gender of the physician, they looked for the doctor responsible for the biggest chunk。
医护英语试题及答案
医护英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the most common method of transmission for the common cold?A. AirborneB. FoodborneC. Direct contactD. Vector-borne答案：A2. Which of the following is not a vital sign?A. TemperatureB. PulseC. RespirationD. Blood pressure答案：C3. The abbreviation "IV" stands for:A. IntravenousB. IntramuscularC. IntraperitonealD. Intrathecal答案：A4. What does "ICU" refer to in a hospital setting?A. Intensive Care UnitB. Inpatient Care UnitC. International Care UnitD. Intermittent Care Unit答案：A5. Which of the following is a symptom of anemia?A. FatigueB. High feverC. Excessive sweatingD. Rapid weight gain答案：A6. The term "auscultation" refers to listening to sounds within the body using a:A. StethoscopeB. OtoscopeC. OphthalmoscopeD. Thermometer答案：A7. A patient is said to be in "shock" when:A. They are experiencing severe painB. They are unconsciousC. Their blood pressure is significantly lowD. They have a high fever答案：C8. What is the purpose of a "suture" in medical terms?A. To provide anesthesiaB. To close a woundC. To remove a foreign objectD. To diagnose a condition答案：B9. The "HCG" test is used to detect:A. DiabetesB. PregnancyC. AnemiaD. Infection答案：B10. Which of the following is a type of imaging technique used in medical diagnostics?A. X-rayB. Blood testC. BiopsyD. Electrocardiogram答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The medical term for a broken bone is ____________.答案：fracture2. A doctor's written instructions for the use of medication are called a ____________.答案：prescription3. The process of removing a damaged or diseased organ is called ____________.答案：surgery4. The study of the causes and control of diseases is known as ____________.答案：epidemiology5. A ____________ is a healthcare professional who specializes in the care of patients with mental disorders.答案：psychiatrist6. The medical term for a surgical incision is ____________. 答案：incision7. The ____________ is the part of the hospital where critically ill patients are treated.答案：intensive care unit8. A ____________ is a healthcare professional who provides care to patients in their homes.答案：nurse9. The ____________ is a medical device used to measure blood pressure.答案：sphygmomanometer10. The term ____________ refers to the process of removing a patient's blood for analysis.答案：blood draw三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. Explain the difference between a "nurse" and a "nurse practitioner".答案：A nurse is a healthcare professional who provides care to patients under the supervision of a physician. A nurse practitioner (NP) is an advanced practice registered nurse who has completed additional education and training, allowingthem to diagnose and treat patients, prescribe medications, and often act as a primary care provider.2. Describe the role of a "physician assistant" in a medical setting.答案：A physician assistant (PA) is a healthcare professional who practices medicine under the supervision of a physician. They can perform physical exams, diagnose and treat illnesses, order and interpret tests, assist in surgery, and prescribe medications.3. What is the purpose of a "dialysis" treatment?答案：Dialysis is a medical treatment that removes waste products and excess fluids from the blood when the kidneysare unable to do so. It is used to treat patients with kidney failure or severe kidney disease.4. Explain the concept of "informed consent" in medical procedures.答案：Informed consent is the process by which a patient is given information about a medical procedure or treatment, including its risks and benefits, and then voluntarily agrees to undergo the procedure. It is a fundamental ethicalprinciple in healthcare that ensures the patient's autonomy and right to make decisions about their own medical care.。
2020版高考英语(人教版)新探究大一轮复习练习：必修2 Unit 3 课后达标检测 含答案解析
(建议用时：30分钟)Ⅰ阅读理解A(2019·太原模拟)U．S. film director Spike Lee had been awarded the 20th annualDorothy and Lillian Gish Prize for his brilliance and unwavering(坚定的) courage in using film to challenge traditional thinking.The film－maker behind hits such as Malcolm X and Inside Man would receive approximately $300，000. “I hadn’t even heard of it，”Lee said, of the prize. “It was a phone call that came completely out of the blue. It was one of the best phone calls I’ve ever had，”the 56－year－old man added.The late actress Lillian Gish, who died in 1993, required that the prize be given every year to a man or a woman who has made an outstanding contribution to the beauty of the world and to mankind’s enjoyment and understanding of life.Previous recipients include some famous people from different fields—Frank Gehry, Bob Dylan, Arthur Miller and Robert Redford. Chosen from a shortlist of 30 people in the arts, Lee would be presented with the honour on 30 October, 2013 at New York’s Museum of Modern Art.“Would you believe that two of the most important films that impacted me while I was studying at NYU starred Miss Lillian Gish？” Lee said in a statement, citing The Birth of a Nation and The Night of the Hunter. “Isn’t it funny sometimes how life works？”Lee made his debut(首次表演) with She’s Gotta Ha v e It in 1986, closely followed by the groundbreaking Do the Right Thing in 1989, which landed Academy Award nominations for Best Original Screenplay, Best Film and Best Director. In 2013, he raised $1．25 million on the fan funding website Kickstarter towards his next movie project. Lee’s latest film, BlacKkKlansman, starring John David and Adam Driver, was released in the U．S. Washington on August 10, 2018.【解题导语】本文是一篇电影报道，介绍了美国电影导演Spike Lee和Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize的相关信息。
医护英语2级作文真题汇总
医护英语2级作文真题汇总标题，A Collection of Level 2 Medical English Writing Exam Topics。
Medical English writing exams, particularly Level 2,are pivotal for aspiring healthcare professionals. These assessments gauge not only linguistic prowess but also the ability to communicate effectively in medical contexts.Let's delve into a collection of these exam topics and explore their significance in the realm of healthcare.1. The Importance of Patient-Centered Care: Patient-centered care is the cornerstone of modern healthcare. It emphasizes treating patients as individuals with unique needs and preferences. Healthcare providers must tailortheir approaches to accommodate diverse patient populations. This essay will delve into the principles of patient-centered care and its impact on healthcare outcomes.2. Effective Communication in Healthcare Settings:Clear and concise communication is paramount in healthcare settings to ensure patient safety and satisfaction. This topic explores various communication strategies, including verbal and non-verbal techniques, active listening, and empathy. It also discusses the challenges of communication barriers such as language differences, cultural nuances, and technological limitations.3. Ethical Dilemmas in Healthcare: Healthcare professionals often encounter ethical dilemmas that require careful consideration and moral judgment. This topic examines common ethical issues such as patient autonomy, confidentiality, end-of-life care, and resource allocation. It encourages critical thinking and ethical decision-making skills among healthcare practitioners.4. The Role of Technology in Modern Medicine: Technology has revolutionized the field of medicine, from electronic health records to telemedicine and robotic surgery. This essay explores the benefits and challenges of integrating technology into healthcare delivery. It also discusses ethical concerns related to patient privacy, datasecurity, and the digital divide.5. Global Health Challenges and Solutions: In an interconnected world, global health issues such as infectious diseases, pandemics, and access to healthcare transcend national boundaries. This topic analyzes the root causes of global health disparities and proposes solutions through international collaboration, public health interventions, and health diplomacy.6. Cultural Competence in Healthcare: Cultural competence is essential for providing quality healthcare to diverse patient populations. This essay examines the importance of cultural awareness, sensitivity, and humility in healthcare practice. It explores strategies for bridging cultural gaps, overcoming stereotypes, and fostering trust between healthcare providers and patients from different cultural backgrounds.7. Interprofessional Collaboration in Healthcare Teams: Effective teamwork is essential for delivering safe and coordinated patient care. This topic explores the roles andresponsibilities of various healthcare professionals, including physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and allied health professionals. It emphasizes the importance of communication, mutual respect, and shared decision-making in interprofessional healthcare teams.8. Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: Preventive healthcare plays a crucial role in reducing the burden of chronic diseases and improving population health outcomes. This essay discusses strategies for health promotion, disease prevention, and lifestyle modification. It highlights the role of healthcare providers in educating patients about healthy behaviors, screening tests, and immunizations.9. Quality Improvement in Healthcare: Continuous quality improvement is essential for enhancing patient safety, satisfaction, and outcomes. This topic examines quality improvement methodologies such as Lean, Six Sigma, and Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles. It emphasizes the importance of data-driven decision-making, teamwork, and leadership in healthcare quality improvement initiatives.10. The Future of Healthcare: The healthcare landscape is constantly evolving due to technological advances, demographic shifts, and socioeconomic changes. This essay speculates on the future of healthcare delivery, including personalized medicine, artificial intelligence, and value-based care models. It encourages healthcare professionals to adapt to emerging trends and embrace innovation to meet the evolving needs of patients and society.In conclusion, Level 2 Medical English writing exams cover a diverse range of topics that are critical for aspiring healthcare professionals. By exploring thesetopics in depth, candidates can enhance their understanding of medical English terminology, concepts, and communication skills. Moreover, they can develop a broader perspective on the challenges and opportunities facing the healthcare industry in the 21st century.。
健康宣教对门诊肋骨骨折患者康复的影响
肋骨骨折作为一种常见的骨折类型，致病原因主要为外伤事故或车祸等外来暴力，肋骨被暴力作用，破坏肋骨的连续性及完整性，从而形成骨折。
肋骨骨折主要在第4～7肋间发生，肋间神经被肋骨骨折端所刺激，导致局部发生疼痛，尤其是在体位转动、咳嗽及深呼吸时会加重疼痛，对患者的呼吸运动功能造成严重影响，产生严重的并发症，并且事故突发也会对患者的心理造成严重的影响，影响患者的生活质量。
为了减少或控制并发症的发生，护理人员通过健康宣教，使患者在短时间内获得与疾病有关的知识，使其和家属掌握疾病护理知识和方法，从而减少并发症的发生，促进疾病的康复。
现报告如下。
资料与方法2014年6月-2015年6月收治单纯肋骨骨折患者58例，男36例，女22例，年龄36～75岁，多根肋骨骨折36例，单根肋骨骨折22例。
方法：①讲解与文字资料相结合：在每日对患者行微波治疗的过程中，向患者及家属讲解家庭护理知识、用药指导、疾病的注意事项，以文字形式形成健康知识手册，向患者及家属进行发放，将患者的印象加深，提升知识的掌握程度。
②抓住重点：向患者及家属讲解与疾病有关的重点知识，一旦患者感觉到胸痛加重、呼吸困难、气急、心悸、胸闷等情况时，要立即就医，及时采用救治方法，避免发生意外事故。
健康教育：①心理干预：肋骨骨折患者会感到剧烈疼痛、呼吸困难、无法咳嗽等，给患者心理和生理带来严重痛苦，导致患者表现出不同程度的紧张、恐惧，对治疗产生不配合。
患者对疾病知识的缺乏，担心预后也会产生焦虑情绪。
因此要根据患者不同年龄、性别、知识水平、心理波动的情况，对患者进行心理安慰。
将疾病的治疗效果向患者进行简要介绍，耐心回答患者提出的问题，将患者的不良心理消除，提升治疗的依从性。
②治疗指导：向患者及家属讲解疾病相关知识，各项治疗(固定带固定、中药封包、微波治疗)的目的、方法和注意事项，使患者对自己的疾病有所了解并积极配合治疗。
③起居活动指导：指导患者坐位或半卧位休息，以利呼吸，床头垫高30°，使膈肌下降，扩大通气量以利于呼吸。
四级作文如何处理医生和病人的关系
四级作文如何处理医生和病人的关系英文回答：In dealing with the doctor-patient relationship, it is important to establish effective communication and mutual respect. Both doctors and patients have their roles and responsibilities that contribute to a successful healthcare experience.Firstly, doctors should strive to create a comfortable and trusting environment for their patients. This can be achieved by actively listening to patients' concerns and addressing them with empathy. Doctors should also provide clear explanations about medical conditions, treatment options, and potential risks, ensuring that patients have a good understanding of their health situation.On the other hand, patients should actively participate in their own healthcare. They should provide accurate and detailed medical histories, as well as communicate openlyabout their symptoms and concerns. Patients should also follow the doctor's instructions and adhere to prescribed treatments, showing their commitment to their own well-being.Additionally, doctors should respect patients' autonomy and involve them in the decision-making process. This can be done by discussing treatment plans and involvingpatients in the decision-making process. Doctors should consider patients' preferences and values when making medical recommendations, ensuring that patients feel empowered and involved in their own healthcare journey.Furthermore, it is important for doctors to maintain professionalism and ethical conduct. They should treat every patient with dignity, regardless of their background or medical condition. Doctors should also maintain confidentiality and respect patients' privacy, creating a safe space for patients to share their concerns without fear of judgment or disclosure.In summary, the doctor-patient relationship should bebuilt on effective communication, mutual respect, and shared decision-making. Both doctors and patients have important roles to play in ensuring a successful healthcare experience. By fostering trust, empathy, and professionalism, doctors and patients can work together towards achieving optimal health outcomes.中文回答：和医生和病人的关系处理中，建立有效的沟通和相互尊重是非常重要的。
2025届江苏省淮安市涟水中学高三英语第一学期期末统考试题含解析
2025届江苏省淮安市涟水中学高三英语第一学期期末统考试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。
2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。
3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．He ______ it on schedule, but somehow he fell behind.A．must have done B．might finishC．could have finished D．could finish2．—I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.—It true because there was little snow there.A．may be not B．won’t be C．couldn’t be D．mustn’t be3．When you are dressed in the latest style, dancing to the most fashionable music after watching the latest film, you feel great,______?A．aren't you B．don't you C．do you D．are you 4．The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017.A．announced B．was announced C．announces D．is announced 5．More than one doctor _____ involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake．A．was B．is C．were D．are6．Was it at the beginning _____ you made the promise ____ you would do all to help make it?A．that; that B．when; thatC．that; when D．when; when7．--- Why didn’t you help the little boy?--- Oh, he had struggled to his feet ______ I could run over and offered any help. A．before B．afterC．when D．since8．The petrol in the car _____ on our way to the beach, so we had to walk there. A．gave up B．gave off C．gave in D．gave out9．—What’s the recent progress in Xiong’an New Area, first announced two years ago? —It _____ increasing attention from foreign companies given its huge development potential.A．has been attracting B．had attracted C．would be attracting D．was attracting 10．She is quite________to office work. You had better offer her some suggestions whennecessary.A．familiar B．similarC．fresh D．sensitive11．----There won’t be anyw here to park.----Oh, _______. Let’s try the subway.A．that’s a real bargain B．that’s a good pointC．that’s really something D．that’s all settled12．My mother ______ angry with me, but I couldn’t shut my mouth before I shouted at her!A．wasn’t B．woul dn’t beC．wouldn’t have been D．hadn’t been13．— BoB．could I use your computer this evening?—Sorry. I a report on it then.A．will be writing B．have been writingC．have written D．will have written14．The athletes, especially the winners, should remain modest ________ rapid progress they have made.A．whatever B．howeverC．how much D．no matter15．—The lecture about 3D technology was very interesting.—It’s a pity. How I wish I ________ time to attend it.A．had B．have C．had had D．have had16．It rained heavily overnight and not until this morning __________.A. had it stopped B．did it stopC．stopped it D．it stopped17．Many people complained about the stones lying on a road, but _______ did anything about getting the stones out of the way.A．both B．no one C．none D．all18．---Sorry to have broken your glass.---_____________. You didn’t mean to, did you?A．No problem B．Forget itC．All right D．Don’t say so19．Her doctor indicated that even adding a(n) _____ amount of daily exercise would dramatically improve her health.A．modest B．equalC．exact D．considerable20．–What’s that noise?–Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______.A．was tested B．will be testedC．is being tested D．has been tested第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
正常妊娠和胎儿畸形超声诊断-ENGLISH
The role of Ultrasound in Obstetrics
Obstetric common diseases
1、 Normal pregnancy(正常妊娠) 2、 Abnormal pregnancy（异常妊娠） 3、 Trophoblastic disease(滋养细胞疾病) 4、 Placental abnormality(胎盘异常) 5、 Fetal malformation(胎儿畸形)
12 weeks pregnant The spine is identifiable , as the two bead-like high
echo-level. Ears, limbs, bones can be shown and measurement.
The Second- and Third-Trimester ( Metaphase and terminal prengancy)
Fetus is about 4 mm，we can see apparent heart throb, and small limb bud .
8 weeks pregnant Three-dimensional ultrasound show its beginning
of the shape of a human.
Fetal head, after 12 weekend pregnant
skull
thalamic nuclei
cavum septi pellucidi
Fetal head, after 12 weekend pregnant
BPD
Fetal head, after 12 weekend pregnant
2023英语四级真题
2023英语四级真题IntroductionThe English Proficiency Test (EPT) is an important examination for non-native English speakers in China. It measures the students’ ability to comprehend and use English in four areas: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The exam is widely recognized as an essential requirement for graduation and job opportunities. This document presents the 2023 English Proficiency Test (EPT) sample questions and provides tips to help students prepare for the test.Listening SectionThe liste ning section of the EPT assesses students’ ability to understand spoken English in various contexts. It consists of multiple-choice questions based on recorded conversations and speeches. Here are some sample questions from the 2023 EPT listening section:1.What is the main topic of the conversation?a)Traveling to foreign countriesb)The benefits of learning a second languagec)The importance of cultural exchanged)The challenges of studying abroad2.What is the speaker’s attitude about the new schoolpolicy?a)Negativeb)Neutralc)Positived)UncertainTo improve your listening skills, it is recommended to listen to English podcasts, watch English movies with subtitles, and practice listening to various accents.Reading SectionThe reading section of the EPT evaluates students’ reading comprehension skills. It includes reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions or fill-in-the-blank exercises. Here are two sample questions from the 2023 EPT reading section:1.According to the passage, what are the benefits ofregular exercise?a)Improved mental healthb)Increased longevityc)Prevention of chronic diseasesd)All of the above2.Which of the following is the best title for thispassage?a)The Importance of a Healthy Lifestyleb)The History of Exercisec)How to Stay Fit and Healthyd)The Benefits of Various SportsTo enhance your reading skills, practice reading English articles, novels, and newspapers regularly. Take note of new vocabulary and try to understand the main ideas and supporting details.Writing SectionThe writing section of the EPT evaluates students’ ability to express their thoughts in written English. It requires candidates to write essays, reports, or formal letters on various topics. Here are two sample writing prompts from the 2023 EPT writing section:1.Write an essay discussing the advantages anddisadvantages of online education.2.Write a report analyzing the causes and effects of airpollution in urban areas.To improve your writing skills, practice writing essays on different topics and seek feedback from teachers or nativeEnglish speakers. Focus on grammar, vocabulary, and organization of ideas.Speaking SectionThe speaking section of the EPT evaluates students’ ability to communicate orally in English. It includes personal introductions, picture descriptions, and short conversations. Here are two sample speaking prompts from the 2023 EPT speaking section:1.Introduce yourself and talk about your hobbies andinterests.2.Describe the picture and discuss its possibleimplications.To enhance your speaking skills, practice speaking English with friends, join English conversation groups, and record yourself to identify areas for improvement.ConclusionThe 2023 English Proficiency Test (EPT) is a significant examination for non-native English speakers in China. By familiarizing yourself with the sample questions and preparing for each section, you can improve your chances of achieving a satisfactory score. Remember to practice regularly, utilize available resources, and seek assistance when needed. Good luck on your EPT journey!。
2023届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市克东县克东一中、克山一中等五校联考英语高三上期末教学质量检测模拟试题含解
2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．The high-anxiety focus on reading score may have narrowed student________to knowledge about the world that can improve their reading.A．idea B．aid C．belief D．access 2．Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree ______ people view “volunteer” as an important social role. A．by which B．to which C．in which D．from which3．Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second-floor windows,______ he could see nothing but trees.A．where B．from whereC．which D．from which4．With the development of agriculture, the people_____ village I taught arenow living a happy life.A．in whose B．whose C．in which D．which5．The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already __________ for a meal to be cooked.A．laid B．layingC．to lay D．being laid6．Halfway through the chapter ____ I didn’t take anything in.A．did I realize B．had I realizedC．I realized D．I would realize7．Since you are my daughter's classmate, we'd like to ______ you _______ tonight. A．put ; down B．put ; in C．put ; off D．put ; up8．The police are investigating the company, three of ________ managers have already been arrested.A．whose B．thatC．which D．where9．The manager is trying to find a man to recommend how the job .A．is done B．be done C．should done D．to do10．—Why are you so late?—The driver couldn’t see clearly because of the fog．____, the road was too icy．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides11．Patrick waited ________ all the luggage was cleared, but his never appeared. A．until B．beforeC．when D．while12．Without my parents’ encouragement and support I definitely ______ where I am today.A．wasn’t B．hadn’t beenC．wouldn’t be D．wouldn’t have been13．—What’s the recent progress in Xiong’an New Area, first announced two years ago? —It _____ increasing attention from foreign companies given its huge development potential.A．has been attracting B．had attracted C．would be attracting D．was attracting 14．How could I lie to her she lived for the truth，whether it was found in music or people?A．unless B．whenC．while D．though15．I ordered a drink while I______ for my friends to come.A．will wait B．am waitingC．would wait D．was waiting16．They are determined to go into the dark cave, ________ my warning of danger. A．regardless of B．because ofC．apart from D．instead of17．The village evolved into a major e-commerce center, and _____ the past, the villagers owed their success to the reform and opening-up policy.A．reviewed B．reviewingC．to review D．being reviewed18．You should first explore your talents and get to know yourself so as to make a list of _________ you think your real interests lie.A．that B．whatC．where D．how19．Difficulties strengthen the mind, _____ labour does the body.A．if B．asC．for D．so20．A Chinese proverb has it that a tower is built when soil on earth _________, and ariver is formed when streams come together.A．accumulates B．accelerates C．collapses D．loosens第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
收集病人的症状和病史】雅思口语2022题库5-8月
收集病人的症状和病史】雅思口语2022题库5-8月英语口语网权威发布【医学口语】：收集病人的症状和病史，更多【医学口语】相关信息请访问英语口语网。
Takingthepatient"ymptomandhitory 1.Haveyoubeenhortofbreath 你有过喘息吗2.Thepainigettingworeandwore.疼痛越来越严重3.Inthatpartofherbellyithepain她腹部的什么位置痛4.Iherimmingatemperature她发烧吗5.Haheacough她咳嗽吗6.Doyoubringupanyphlegm你有痰吗7.Doeyourphlegmhaveanyblood你痰里有血吗8.Whendidyoufirtnoticebloodinyourphlegm你什么时候开始发现你的痰里有血的9.Doeithurttopaurine小便时痛吗10.Ithereanyradiationofthepaintotheback 这里的痛扩散到背部吗11.Haveyoutakenanymedicineforthepain你服过什么药来止痛吗她一天大约呕吐几次13.Hahebeenmovingherbowelregularly她的大便正常吗14.Whendidthediarrheatart腹泻是什么时候开始的15.Doyoueyelidwell你的眼睑肿吗这是你第一次碰到这种情况吗17.Didyouhaveanydieae你以前生过什么病吗18.Haveyoueverhadtroublewithyoutomach 你的胃有过毛病吗19.Haveyoubeenwithanyonewhohaacold你与感冒的人接触过吗20.Doeanyinyourfamilyufferfromhypertenion 你家里有人患高血压吗21.Haveyoubeentoadoctorrecently你最近看过医生吗22.Haveyouhadanyoperationinthepat你过去做过手术吗23.Areyouallergictoanything你对什么过敏吗24.Whenwayourlatperiod你最近一次例假是在什么时候25.Haveyoubeendrinkingatall你是不是一直嗜酒26.Doyoumoke你抽烟吗27.Haveyoulotanyweightrecently你近来体重减轻了吗28.Haveyouhadyourhearttetedthiyear你今年检查过心脏吗29.Haveyoueverhaddiabete你患过糖尿病吗30.Didyouhavethehitoryofdypnea 你有过呼吸困难的病史吗。