words-2

Connotation


Torrents of water rushed down the mountain, roaring like an angry lion. The construction site awoke, the workmen rolled off their beds only to step into water. More than 100 thronged southward simultaneously. But there, floodwater more than two feet deep was whirling a wild dance, so the workmen had to draw back halfway in disorder. There was no way out eastward or westward either. The only savior then was a narrow wooden bridge in the north.

The construction site awoke:
The construction site suddenly became active and
noisy.

the workmen rolled off their beds. the workmen got up very quickly. The only savior then was a narrow wooden bridge in the north. The only way out then was a narrow wooden bridge in the north.


Children cannot keep their minds from straggling.(流离落伍） Children cannot keep their minds concentrated for a long time. Jack had to trudge跋涉吃力地走 through the dull book for the exam. Jack had to concentrate his attention forcefully to finish reading the dull book for the exam.
The function of connotaion

பைடு நூலகம்
Make the meaning easier to understand. His father was toothing a saw. His talk branched off from the subject. Sweat pearled her forehead. The dredge挖泥机 spooned up mud.
Using Proper Words




Meaning of words : Denotation and connotation Webster’s New World Dictionary: Denotation外延: the direct, explicit meaning or reference of a word or term. Connotation 内涵: idea or notion suggested by or associated with a word, phrase, etc. in addition to its explicit meaning, or denotation: “politician” has different connotations from “statesman.”

We choose words for their literal as well as for their implied meanings. Whereas denotations are generally neutral, connotations may reflect feelings, attitudes and emotional overtones.(弦外之音). The dictionary , for example, defines politician as one who actively engages in politics. But if you call your classmate “a real politician”, you don’t use its denotation, but connotation, the implied meaning. You most probably mean that your classmate is a smooth operator长袖善舞者.


How could you walk through your homework like that? How could you finish your homework so hurriedly and roughly? As a rule he writes English very well, but occasionally unidiomatic expressions creep in. As a rule he writes English very well, but occasionally unidiomatic expressions would be used here and there before he realized it.



She wandered in her talk. She was not well-centered in her talk. Don’t shuffle闪烁其词, give me a definite answer. Don’t speak evasively回避, give me a definite answer. He is always able to trot out some new excuse. He is always able to produce some new excuse quickly.



Stormy(adj.) Don’t take the boat out in this stormy weather. It is too stormy to sail today. Today’s meeting was rather stormy. He was in a stormy mood. His parliamentary career was stormy. He turned back and met her stormy eyes.




Storm (v.) It stormed so hard that all the electricity went out. It stormed all that day. Their only hope of victory was to storm the enemy camp at night. The mob stormed through the streets. He stormed at me for five minutes on end. John stormed in the meeting waving a piece of paper about.
Simplify the uses of words.

Gold shares jumped at the Stock Exchange yesterday. The nickname stuck to him. John bent before the storm of his father’s anger. You cannot offer me a loose translation like that.



I must dash off some letters before I leave. I must finish writing some letters very quickly before I leave. Patty dawdled away four years in college. Patty wasted much time and achieved very little during the four-year college life. His eyes ran down the front row. He looked very quickly from right to left at the front row.


But tragedy was on its way. Beneath Vesuvius’ vine-covered slopes a mighty force was about to break loose. At one o’clock in the afternoon the critical point was reached. The mountain blew up, raining death on thousands. …the entire city seemed to shake in the grip of a giant fist.

A well chosen word is worth a thousand pictures. If you want to select the word that expresses exactly what you intend to say, you must first of all understand its denotation; what it literally means. If you write notorious when you mean famous, or allusion (提及, 暗示)when you mean illusion （幻觉，错觉）, you may confuse your readers and cause them to doubt your ability of choosing the correct word.