研究生科技英语课件翻译交大考试重点

词类转译

I. Noun converting to verbs:

1.The shadow cast by an object is long or short according as

the sun is high up in the heaven or near the horizon.

2.物体投影的长短取决于太阳是高挂天空还是靠近地平线。

3.High precision implies a high degree of exactness but with

no implication as to accuracy.

4.高精度意味着高度的准确度，但并不说明具有准确性。

5.They went on strike in demand of a 40 percent wage

increase.

6.他们举行罢工，要求工资增加40%。

7.He is an enemy to reform.

8.他反对改革。

9.Difference between the social system of states shall not be

an obstacle to their approach and cooperation.

10.国及国社会制度的不同不应阻碍彼此的接近及合作。

11.. I am afraid I can’t teach you English. I think my

daughter is a better teacher than I.

12.恐怕我教不了你英语，我想我女儿比我教得好。

13.The operation of a computer needs some knowledge of

English.

14.操作电脑需要一些英语知识。

A. 具有动态意义的名词〔1〕“… of …〞构造〔2〕短语构造翻译顺序：顺译及逆译

1. These depressing pumps ensure contamination-free transfer of abrasive fluids such as acids, dyes and alcohol.在输送酸、染料、醇等腐蚀性强的流体时，这类压缩泵能保证输送无污染

2. It has also provided the bases for the traditional methodology of science: objective observation and description of some phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis or hypotheses about the events observed and possible relationships among them, the use of these to predict future events, the verification of the hypotheses and, on this basis, the construction of a theory of some area of natural activity.

3. What is needed in the case of noise is a study of large numbers of people living under noisy conditions.

就噪音而论，所需要的是研究大批生活在噪音条件下的人数。Many people in industry and the service, who have practical experience of noise, regard any investigation of this question as a waste of time.

工业部门与军队中的许多人对噪音有切身体会，他们认为对这个问题进展任何调查都是浪费时间。

6. An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of

current affairs.

练习：

1. The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Israel withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israel’s right to exist.

2. One after another, speakers called for the downfall of imperialism, abolition of exploitation of man by man, liberation of the oppressed of the world.

3. Until 1972, all efforts by the two nations to curb the nuclear arms race had foundered on one point: U.S. insistence on the right to make one-site inspection of the Soviet Strategic-arsenal and Russia’s refusal.

B. 英语中含有动态意义的名词通常翻译为动词，并根据需要增添逻辑宾语。

1. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.

看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的〔机声〕，令我们特别神往。2. As the week draw to a close, the enemy rout was complete.一周快完毕时，敌人彻底败退了。

C. 英语中有些以后缀–er, -or 结尾的名词，在句中并指其身份与职业，而是含有较强的动作意味，需要翻译为动词。