2018-2019学年高中新创新一轮复习英语浙江专版讲义：选修六 Unit 5 The power of nature Word版含答案

Unit 5 The po w er of nature
一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
[第一屏听写]
1．volcano n．火山
2．hurricane n. 飓风；风暴3．questionnaire n. 问卷；调查表4．observatory n. 观象台；天文台；气象台5．database n. 数据库；资料库
[第二屏听写]
6．fountain v i.&v t.泉水般地喷出或涌出
n. 喷泉；源泉
7．helmet n. 头盔
8．candidate n. 候选人；候补者9．bungalow n. 平房；小屋
10．typhoon n. 台风
11．thunderstorm n. 雷暴
[第三屏听写]
12．geology n．地质学
13．rainbow n. 彩虹
14．balcony n. 阳台
15．shot n. 射击；枪炮声16．tsunami n. 海啸；地震海啸17．sample n. 样品；样本18．persuasion n. 信服；说服
Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
[第四屏听写]
1．diagram n．图解；图表；示意图2．erupt v i.(指火山)爆发；突然发生3．eruption n. 火山爆发；(战争等)爆发4．ash n. 灰；灰末
5．alongside ad v. 在旁边；沿着边
prep. 在……旁边；沿着……的边
6．equipment n．设备；装备7．appoint v t.任命；委派8．evaluate v t.评估；评价；估计9．wave n. 波浪；波涛
v i.波动；起伏；挥手10．absolute adj.绝对的；完全的
[第六屏听写] 11．absolutely ad v.绝对地；完全地12．spaceman n. 宇航员；航天专家13．suit n. 一套外衣；套装v t.适合；使适宜14．potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj.可能的；潜在的15．actual adj.实在的；实际的16．document n. 文件；证件
[第七屏听写] 17．threat n．恐吓；威胁18．precious adj.贵重的；珍贵的19．novelist n. 小说家
20．fog n. 雾21．uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的22．unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的23．shoot v t.射中；射伤24．tremble v i.摇晃；摇动；颤抖
[第八屏听写] 25．sweat n．汗
v i.出汗
26．anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的27．anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望28．panic v i.&v t.惊慌
n. 惊慌；恐慌29．diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的30．diversity n. 多种多样；多样性
31．bathe v i.洗澡；游泳
32．arouse v t.激发；唤醒33．appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；感谢34．guarantee v t.保证；担保
35．burn_to_the_ground 全部焚毁
36．make_one's_way 前往
37．glance_through 匆匆看一遍
38．vary_from_..._to_... 由……到……不等
二、刷清单——热身自盘点(再过基本应用关) (一)核心单词
(二)常用短语
一、过重点单词——纵引横联超人一点
1．appoint vt.约定；指定(时间、地点等)；任命；委派
[教材原句] I was appointed as a
volcanologist working for the Hawaiian V olcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago.
作为一名火山学家，二十年前我被派到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。

单句语法填空
①I was appointed to_take (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day.
②I regret to tell you that I can't travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed (appoint) time.
③If possible, could we make another appointment (appoint) to go to the bookstore? 补全句子
④I have made_an_appointment_with my dentist to have my tooth pulled out this afternoon. 今天下午我和牙医约好给我拔牙了。

句型转换
⑤He was appointed as president of the university yesterday. He is giving a speech on the platform now.
→Appointed_as_president of the university yesterday, he is giving a speech on the platform
now.(过去分词作状语)
2．suit n．一套外衣；套装v t.适合；使适宜
[教材原句]We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves.
我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，带上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了双大靴子。

单句语法填空
①If not, let me know what time suits (suit) you best.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
②The place is quite suitable (suit) for a family get-together.
③A good teacher suits his lessons_to the age of his pupils.
一句多译
他不适合这份工作，两周后就离职了。

④He_wasn't_suited_for_the_job_and_left_after_two_weeks.(suited)
⑤The_job_wasn't_suitable_for_him_and_he_left_after_two_weeks.(suitable)
⑥The_job_didn't_suit_him_and_he_left_after_two_weeks.(suit)
[名师指津]suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等；而fit多指大小、形状的合适；match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。

3．anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的
[高考佳句]—Jack still can't help being anxious about his job interview.
—Lack of self-confidence is his Achilles' heel, I am afraid.(2016·江苏高考单选)
——杰克还是不由自主地担心自己的工作面试。

——恐怕缺乏自信是他的致命弱点。

①I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I'm anxious to_get_(get) help from you.
②Mother felt anxious about/for the children who had been gone one hour too long.
③I heard you suffered from anxiety (anxious) when you took an exam recently.
④Instead of blaming me, he asked me anxiously (anxious) what was going on.
4．panic n．惊慌；恐慌v i.& v t.(使)惊慌/恐慌
[教材原句]I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.
我非常紧张，不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。

①Not only do online rumors cause people in panic, but they disturb public order.
②Tom panicked at the sound of explosion and his wife also got into a panic.
③Hearing the gun, the deer was_panicked (panic) into running straight for the headlights.
[名师指津]注意panic的过去式和过去分词的写法是“panicked”。

5．guarantee vt.保证；担保n．保证；担保；保修单
[教材原句]If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, don't forget to make a wish to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.
如果你有幸同你所爱的人去游天池，别忘了许下一个愿望，以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。

单句语法填空
①If you yell at him, he is guaranteed to_do (do) the opposite of what you want.
②The digital camera in our shop is of high quality. If there should be something wrong with it while it is still under guarantee, we would repair it at our expense.
补全句子
③If you send the application form in a straight way, I can guarantee you an interview/guarantee an interview_to_you.
如果你直接发送申请表，我就能保证你得到面试。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．With competition becoming severer and severer, nowadays, students are not guaranteed (保证) jobs when they graduate from college.
2．Some people believe money is of great importance, but others believe health is the most precious (宝贵的) thing in the world.
3．Yesterday four robbers were shot (射中) dead on the spot because they resisted the police stubbornly.
4．The sudden gunfire from the top of the hill panicked (使惊慌) the children at home.
5．—Do you allow your son to travel in Europe alone this summer?
—Absolutely (绝对地) not.
6．The boy has the potential (潜能) to become a pianist, but unluckily, it has never been developed because of poverty.
7．She hit her head and was unconscious (失去知觉的) for several minutes.
8．The fear of all kinds of examinations can be a source of deep anxiety (焦虑) to many students.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We will not be_panicked (panic) into making a decision before we have considered all the evidence.
2．With the Internet, parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable for their children to see.
3．They equipped (equip) themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.
4．After listening to his advice he had no more anxieties (anxious)．
5．To show our appreciation (appreciate) for all your hard work, we'd like to give you a bonus.
6．She was the first woman to_be_appointed (appoint) to the board, for which she felt very excited and happy.
7．If you have the interest to visit there, don't forget to take a camera and you are guaranteed to_enjoy (enjoy) the sights in their natural state.
8．That is the reason why many people often feel uncomfortable(comfort) in the back when sitting before computers for a long time.
Ⅲ.根据提示词补全(或翻译)句子
1．我们班的每个人都有机会被任命为任期一周的班长。

(appoint)
Everyone in my class has the chance to_be_appointed_monitor for one week.
2．假如你认为我适合此工作，请通知我。

(suit)
If you feel that I_am_suited_for_the_job,_please inform me.
3．他很担心考试的结果。

(anxious)
He_is_very_anxious_about_the_results_of_the_exam.
4．看，从对面的街上来了两个孩子，害怕地尖叫了起来。

(panic)
Look! From opposite the street come two kids, screaming_in_panic.
5．此外，著名的中国饮食能保证你有绝妙的机会品尝美味的中餐。

(guarantee)
In addition, the outstanding Chinese cooking can_guarantee_you_a_wonderful_chance_of tasting delicious Chinese food.
二、过短语、句式——学通学活靓人一眼
1．make one's way前往
[教材原句]It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.
穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中心地区。

[归纳拓展]
①fight one's way奋力前进
②lose one's way 迷路
③feel one's way 摸索前进
④push one's way 挤出来
⑤wind one's way 蜿蜒前进
[应用领悟]
①He lost his way in the big city.
在这个大城市里，他迷路了。

②By and by, cars and computers have made their way into millions of homes.
渐渐地，汽车和电脑已经进入了寻常百姓家。

③The Great Wall winds its way across north China like a huge dragon.
长城像一条巨龙，在中国北方蜿蜒盘旋。

2．glance through 匆匆看一遍
[经典例句]He just glanced through the headlines because he was too busy to read the whole newspaper.
他只是匆匆浏览了标题，因为他太忙了不能够读完整份报纸。

[归纳拓展]
①go through通过；经受；仔细检查
②get through 通过；做完；接通电话；熬过
③look through 快速查看；浏览
④see through 看穿；识破
[应用领悟]
①I have looked through all my papers but I still can't find my notes.
我翻遍了所有的文件，可还是找不到我的笔记。

②I've been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can't seem to get through.(2014·湖北高考多选)
我整晚都在给查尔斯打电话，但一定是网络出了问题，我似乎接不通。

③The police went through the three suitcases but didn't find anything valuable.
警察仔细检查了三个行李箱，却没有发现任何有价值的东西。

3．vary from ...to ...由……到……不等
[教材原句]The land varies in height from700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.
这里地面的高度从海拔700米到2 000多米不等，是多种多样稀有动植物的生长地。

单句语法填空
①I like reading very much, especially the story books, varying (vary) from Chinese stories to English stories.
②As in China, the climate in Canada varies with the area.
③These bags are made of varieties (vary) of materials that can be easily treated when they become rubbish.
一句多译
每个人都表达了看法，他们的观点各不相同。

④Everyone expressed their ideas, and the_opinions_varied_from_person_to_person.
⑤Everyone expressed their ideas, and their_opinions_were_various.
⑥Everyone expressed their ideas, and their_opinions_varied.
山顶上观察他们。

独立主格结构的常用形式：
(1)逻辑主语＋现在分词或过去分词
(2)逻辑主语＋动词不定式
(3)逻辑主语＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语
①The task completed (complete), we had a global traveling.
完成任务后，我们进行了一次环球旅行。

②The guide leading (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。

③Such an able man to_help (help) you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.
有这么能干的人来帮你，你迟早会成功的。

④I heard that he got injured in the accident, my_heart_full_of_worry.
听说他在这起事故中受了伤，我内心充满了担忧。

[名师指津]独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它常在句中作状语，与with 复合结构的作用相同。

情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。

＝The new mayor is said to_come (come) into power next month.
据说新市长下个月将上任。

②It is said that he has written a new book about workers.
＝He is said to_have_written (write) a new book about workers.
据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。

③It is said that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education.
＝The early European playing-cards are said to have_been_designed (design) for entertainment and education.
据说早期欧洲的纸牌是为娱乐和教育设计的。

④It_is_reported_that many a new house is being built at present in the disaster area.
据报道，灾区如今正在建设许多新房。

Ⅰ.短语填空
varying_from 10 to 17.
2．After admiring the beautiful view, she made_her_way_to the next destination.
3．Compared_with other European countries, lifestyle in Italy is slower and more relaxing in its own way.
4．Changbaishan is China's largest nature reserve and_is_home_to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.
5．If the bottle of gas catches fire, the whole building may be burned_to_the_ground.
6．The manager was rushing to the airport so he glanced_through the report the secretary had typed.
7．He watched the train away until it was only a dot in_the_distance.
8．I was_about_to give up the maths puzzle when an idea flashed upon my mind.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．I was going to give up and at that time my father came and encouraged me to keep going.
→I was_about_to_give_up_when my father came and encouraged me to keep going.
2．Carbon dioxide is said to be heating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
→It_is_said_that carbon dioxide is_heating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
3．My daughter was caught in a heavy rain, so she fell ill and couldn't but ask for a leave.
→Having_been_caught in a heavy rain, my daughter fell ill and couldn't but ask for a leave.
4．If weather permits, we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow
→Weather_permitting,_we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
5．We walked a long way to see him, but we surprisingly found that he had just left for the countryside.
→We walked a long way to see him, only_to_find that he had just left for the countryside.
Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子
1．工作了两天，史蒂夫如期完成了报告。

(现在分词作状语)
Having_worked_for_two_days,_Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
2．我们学校有三个大的多媒体教室，每一间都配备了最新的电脑。

(独立主格结构) We have three large multi-media classrooms in our school, each_equipped_with_the _newest_computers.
3．他正要告诉我这个秘密，这时候有人拍了拍他的肩膀。

(be about to do ...when ...) He_was_just_about_to_tell_me_the_secret_when_someone patted his shoulder.
4．据认为今天世界上有三千多种语言。

(it作形式主语的主语从句)
It_is_thought_that_there_are_more_than_3,000_languages_in_the_world_today.
5．这是因为我们最终认识到它实际上是一种非常环保的生活方式。

(because引导的表语从句)
This_is_because_we_finally_realized_that it is actually a very eco-friendly way to live.
三、过语法、写作——写对写美高人一筹
(一)单元小语法——复习v.-ing形式
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Her favorite job is teaching (teach) English.
2．We often do our cleaning (clean) on Saturday afternoon.
3．Seeing (see) their teacher, the students stood up.
4．We can see steam rising (rise) from the wet clothes.
5．Having_been_shown (show) the lab, we were taken to see the library.
6．She likes playing (play) the piano, but she doesn't want to play it today.
Ⅱ.补全或翻译句子(注意用v.-ing形式)
1．因长时间被忽视，坐在后面的这个男孩感到枯燥就出去了。

Having_been_ignored_for_a_long_time,_the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out.
2．我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。

I shall never forget seeing_the_famous_writer.
3．那个男孩跑得更快了，到达学校时累得上气不接下气了。

The boy ran even faster, reaching_the_school_out_of_breath.
4．学习新单词对我来说非常重要。

Learning_new_words_is_very_important_for_me.
5．作为一名学生，我必须努力学习。

Being_a_student,_I_must_study_hard.
(二)课堂微写作——概要写作
[题目要求]
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Feeding the world's population is a big challenge, and it is about to get bigger. Right now, a little more than 7.3 billion people share the planet. By 2050, some scientists estimate the world's population may reach 9 billion. However, the changing climate will probably make feeding this far greater number a very frightening task. That is the conclusion reached by some scientist.
Just three crops — wheat, rice and corn — provide more than two-thirds of the calories that people consume. Such crops, and a small number of other important crops, come from farming regions sometimes referred to as “breadbaskets”. However, these areas often occupy a relatively small portion (部分) of the globe. Worse still, the breadbaskets are easily affected by bad weather. Events such as widespread flooding or extended heat wave can kill crops. That's especially true if the bad weather occurs when a crop is young, fruiting or approaching harvest.
Unfortunately, big crop failures in two or more breadbaskets could lead to what researchers call “food shock”. That means an overall shortage of food would occur. Extreme food shocks used to happen every century. Or to put it another way, that's only about once every four generations of humans. However, according to studies, as the climate warms, high and low temperatures become more extreme, and by 2050, food shocks could occur about once every 30 years. In other words, a person born in the middle of the current century might live through two or three extreme food shocks during their lifetime.
So what can people do to help avoid food shock? Making agriculture efficient is one choice. But one of the most effective ways to fight against food shocks might be to cut down on food waste. “If we could cut food waste in half，” said Seth Cook, a British environmental scientist, “we could feed an extra billion people.”
参考范文：
It is more and more challenging to feed the growing global population. (要点1) For one thing, many crops are often grown on limited breadbaskets which are easily affected by bad weather. (要点2) For another, big crop failures could cause an overall shortage of food, called a “food shock”，which could occur more frequently in the future. (要点3) However, food shocks can be prevented by making agriculture efficient and reducing food waste.(要点4)
一、单元基础训练(限时25分钟)
Ⅰ.翻译句子
1．他正在考虑出国留学。

(consider)
He_is_considering_studying_abroad.
2．假如运动前不做准备活动，你就有受伤的危险。

(risk)
If_you_don't_warm_up_before_taking_exercise,_you_risk_injuring_yourself.
3．她犹豫了一下，朝大门走去。

(make one's way to)
She_hesitated,_and_made_her_way_to_the_gate.
4．他热心助人。

(enthusiastic)
He_is_enthusiastic_about_helping_others.
5．这些鱼的价格从3到5美元不等。

(vary from ... to ...)
These_fish_vary_in_price_from_$3_to_$5.
6．我将尽一切努力准时到达。

(make an effort to do sth.)
_I_will_make_every_effort_to_arrive_on_time.
7．他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧掉了。

(burn to the ground)
He_has_no_place_to_live_in_because_his_house_has_been_burnt_to_the_ground._
8．首相已委任一位平民为国防部长。

(appoint sb. as)
The_Prime_Minister_has_appointed_a_civilian_as_Defence_Minister._
9．男孩子们正要出去踢足球，就在此时天突然开始下起雨来。

(be about to do sth. when ...) The_boys_were_about_to_go_out_to_play_football_when_suddenly_it_began_to_rain.
10．票已经全部卖光，他们只好失望地离去。

(独立主格结构)
All_the_tickets_sold,_they_went_away,_disappointed.
Ⅱ.完形填空
One morning I spent nearly an hour watching a tiny ant carry a huge feather. Several times, it__1__ several obstacles (障碍物) in its path. And after a momentary pause it would make the necessary detour (绕道)．__2__ one point, the ant had to cross a crack about 10mm wide. After some __3__ thoughts, the ant laid the feather over the crack, walked __4__ it and picked the feather up on the other side, then continued on its way. I was __5__ by the cleverness of this ant. It was only a small insect, lacking in __6__ yet equipped with a brain to reason, explore, discover and overcome. __7__ this ant, like the other two-legged creatures __8__ on the earth, also shares human failure.
After some time the ant __9__ reached its destination — a flower bed and a small hole that was the entrance to its __10__ home. It was there that the ant met its __11__. How could that large feather possibly__12__ such a small hole? Of course, it couldn't. So the ant, after all this __13__ and using great brightness, overcoming problems all along the way, just gave up the __14__ and went home. The ant had not thought the problem through __15__ it began its journey and in the end the feather was __16__ more than a burden. Isn't our __17__ like that?
We worry about our families; we worry about the __18__ of money; we worry about all kinds of things. These are all burdens — the things we pick up along life's path, and drag them around the obstacles and over the cracks that life will bring, only to __19__ that at the destination they are
__20__ and we can't take them with us.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

我们大多数人的生活都是忙忙碌碌，为金钱、名誉等疲于奔命，结果最后才发现它们都是没有用的。

作者通过蚂蚁搬东西形象地阐释了这一观点。

1．A.brought about B．got over
C．came across D．dealt with
解析：选C有几次，小蚂蚁都在路上遇到了障碍物。

come across意为“偶然遇到”。

2．A.At B．For
C．To D．With
解析：选A在某个时候，小蚂蚁不得不越过一条10毫米的裂缝。

at one point意为“在某个时候/阶段”。

3．A.brave B．tiring
C．magic D．short
解析：选D由上文“after a momentary pause”可知，小蚂蚁稍一思考，想出了解决办法。

4．A.across B．through
C．beside D．behind
解析：选A小蚂蚁把羽毛放在裂缝上，然后从上面爬过去。

across强调从表面通过；through强调从内部穿过。

5．A.frightened B．attracted
C．annoyed D．satisfied
解析：选B作者被小蚂蚁的聪明吸引住了。

frighten意为“使……害怕”；annoy意为“使……生气”；satisfy意为“使……满意”。

6．A.size B．height
C．depth D．length
解析：选A小蚂蚁虽只是很小的昆虫，但是具有推理、探索及克服困难的精神。

既然是小昆虫，当然是体型大小不足了。

7．A.Therefore B．But
C．Moreover D．Otherwise
解析：选B但是，如同其他生物一样，它也会遭遇失败。

8．A.working B．sleeping
C．living D．walking
解析：选C此处表示它同生活在地球上的两条腿的生物一样。

live与two-legged creatures之间是主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作定语。

9．A.probably B．suddenly
C．easily D．finally
解析：选D(在跨过种种障碍后)小蚂蚁终于到达了目的地。

10．A.underground B．lonely
C．comfortable D．big
解析：选A一个小洞是进入小蚂蚁在地下的家的入口。

11．A.partner B．problem
C．parent D．friend
解析：选B就在入口处，小蚂蚁遇到了困难。

problem意为“困难，考验”。

12．A.fit B．fix
C．suit D．fill
解析：选A(困难就是)这么大的羽毛怎么能进入这么小的洞里呢？fit意为“(衣服等)大小、尺寸适合”；fix意为“修理”；suit意为“(衣服等)颜色、款式适合”；fill意为“充满”。

13．A.decision B．pleasure
C．trouble D．matter
解析：选C此处表示在经历了艰难险阻之后。

trouble与上文obstacles对应。

14．A.insect B．problem
C．hole D．feather
解析：选D(羽毛既然带不回家)小蚂蚁只好放弃。

15．A.after B．until
C．before D．once
解析：选C小蚂蚁在搬羽毛前没想过会遇到种种问题。

16．A.nothing B．anything
C．something D．everything
解析：选A最后，羽毛对小蚂蚁来说只是个负担。

nothing more than＝nothing but，意为“只是，就是”。

17．A.study B．aim
C．dream D．life
解析：选D作者通过小蚂蚁的经历联想到“我们”的生活也是如此。

life与下文along life's path对应。

18．A.waste B．lack
C．worth D．danger
解析：选B我们担心没钱。

lack意为“缺乏”。

19．A.think B．find
C．wonder D．warn
解析：选B“only to find ...”作结果状语，意为“结果发现……”。

20．A.bad B．practical
C．useless D．meaningful
解析：选C到人生的尽头我们发现，先前所得是没用的，死后什么也带不走。

二、阅读理解提速练(限时25分钟)
A
Earlier this week, I wrapped up (圆满完成) a 5-day trip in San Francisco.I woke up a few hours before sunrise, drove through the darkness and out of the city, hiked for 30 minutes to the top of a hill overlooking the Golden Gate Bridge, and snapped (拍摄) this photo.As I stood there soaking in the early morning light, I was reminded of an important lesson.
When I arrived in San Francisco, I told myself, “Just take photos as you do other things.” My primary goal was to meet with friends and so I figured I could take pictures as we walked around the city.This resulted in exactly zero photos worth sharing.I had vague (不明确的) ideas like “I'd like to do some street photography”，but I never went out with the intent of photographing something specific.Finally, on the last morning, I went out with the intent of capturing a specific picture and I ended up with something worth sharing.My mistake was that I assumed that because I wanted to take photos, I would end up getting a desirable result.
How often d o you do this in your own life? We go to the gym to “work out” without trying to become better at something specific.We wish that we were more creative, but never work on a particular project.When you commit to a task, however, then the next step is obvious.You want to take a picture of the Golden Gate Bridge at sunrise? Next step: find a good spot.You've found a good spot? Next step: wake up early and drive there.
This is perhaps the most shocking thing: if box yourself in, then you'll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined.
语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。

作者去旧金山看日出时突然悟出人生真谛：任务要具体，目标要明确，才会有结果。

1．What's the author's original purpose of the trip?
A．To take pictures.B．To attend lessons.
C．To visit friends. D．To enjoy sunrise.
解析：选C细节理解题。

由第二段中的“My primary goal was to meet with friends”可知，作者来旧金山的最初目的就是访友。

2．What lesson did the author learn?
A．A given task leads to achievement.
B．Stick to your own decision.
C．Get ready for challenges.
D．Hard work pays off.
解析：选A推理判断题。

由第一段末尾可知作者这次旅行感触颇深，再结合倒数第一段中的“if box yourself in, then you'll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined”可知，作者收获的感悟是任务要具体，目标要明确，才会有结果。

3．What are you advised to do first when you want to get stronger physically?
A．Make a detailed outline.
B．Go to work out immediately.
C．Discuss the ways with coaches.
D．Choose a certain muscle group.
解析：选D推理判断题。

由第二段中的“I had vague (不明确的) ideas”，再结合第三段的内容，尤其是“without trying to become better at something specific”和“When you commit to a task, however, then the next step is obvious”可知，只有任务具体了，方向才能明确，四个选项中只有D项是一个具体的任务，且是首先应做的。

4．What's the function of the last paragraph?
A．To introduce a new topic.
B．To draw a conclusion.
C．To make a suggestion.
D．To ask readers to reflect on something.
解析：选B写作手法题。

由最后一段的内容，尤其是“if box yourself in, then you'll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined”可知，最后一段点明了文章的主题，对上文内容做出了总结。

故选B。

B
My mother was the one who whipped (抽打) me.At least she did whenever she wasn't ashamed to let the neighbors think she was killing me.If she even acted as though she was about to raise her hand to me, I would open my mouth and let the world know about it.If anybody was passing by out on the road, she would either change her mind or just give me a few licks.
Think about it now.I feel definitely that just as my father favored me for being lighter than the other children, my mother gave me more hell for the same reason.She was very light herself, but she favored the ones who were darker.Wilfred, I knew, was particularly her angel.I remember that she would tell me to go out of the house.“Let the sun shine on you so you can get some color.”
I learned early that crying out in protest could accomplish things.My older brothers and sister would sometimes come in from school and ask for a buttered biscuit or something.My mother, impatiently, would tell them no.But I would cry out and make a fuss until I got what I wanted.I remember well how my mother asked me why I couldn't be a nice boy like Wilfred.But I would think to myself that Wilfred, for being so nice and quiet, often stayed hungry.So early in life, I had
learned that if you wanted something, you had better make some noise.
语篇解读：本文通过作者描述自己如何处理与母亲之间的生活小事，来告诉大家要想获得自己想要的东西，就要大声地表达出来。

5．What would the writer's mother do if someone was passing by out on the road?
A．She would stop killing me.
B．She would whip me even harder.
C．She would shout at me very loudly.
D．She would give me only a few beatings.
解析：选D细节理解题。

根据第一段最后两句可知，如果妈妈打我，我就大声喊让别人知道，路过的人看到了，妈妈就会有所收敛。

故选D。

其他选项不符合题意。

6．What does the underlin ed word “hell” mean?
A．Love. B．Food.
C．Suffering. D．Space.
解析：选C词义猜测题。

根据第二段内容并结合全文妈妈对我的态度可知，爸爸喜欢我肤色浅，可是妈妈喜欢肤色深的人，所以她经常会给我带来更多的痛苦(hell)，例如让我出去把肤色晒黑。

所以选C项，suffering意为“痛苦，受苦”。

7．What did the writer do if he wanted to get what he needed?
A．He remained quiet.
B．He asked for it loudly.
C．He waited patiently.
D．He asked his father for help.
解析：选B细节理解题。

根据最后一段最后一句中的“I had learned that if you wanted something, you had better make some noise”可知，答案为B，其他选项不符合题意。

C
We live in a society where many people tend to have “black and white thinking” and extreme thinking.Every day a new headline announces a certain food is bad and ruining our health and praises another food of its amazing benefits.Each year, new studies in nutrition science come out, many of which are against earlier findings.Additionally, we are sold the lie that if we eat the “correct foods” and follow a set of rules, we will gain health and happiness.
We've all heard someone saying, “I ate a brownie (巧克力蛋糕) and I am so bad today.”Someone feels that what he eats determines whether he is a “good” or “bad” person.For instance, someone might also say, “I am a good parent if I feed my child this.” However, food isn't good or bad.What you choose to eat does not determine your value or worth as a human being.The only reason to feel guilty for eating a brownie is that you stole it from the store.
Besides, the idea that you shouldn't eat late in the evening is a nutrition myth.Our metabolism
(新陈代谢) keeps running 24 hours a day.Rules (like telling yourself when to stop eating) create fear and a sense that you cannot trust with food.Consistently fueling your body every few hours especially when you are hungry will allow you to feel your best.So when you feel hungry before heading to bed, eat some cheese and crackers.
In my opinion, mental health is an important part of one's overall health.I think we can all agree that being terrified to eat some food is not mentally healthy.Rather than focusing on food rules, aim for balance, variety and flexibility.
语篇解读：本文主要讨论人们对于饮食的一些误解，并阐述了作者自己的看法。

8．We can judge whether a person is “good” or “bad” by ________.
A．the source of the food
B．the time when they eat their food
C．the person's preference for food
D．the things they put in their food
解析：选A推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句“The only reason to feel guilty for eating a brownie is that you stole it from the store”可推知，判断一个人的好与坏主要看食物的来源，而非食物本身，故选A。

9．Which of the following can be inferred from the text?
A．It's wrong for people to eat anything late in the evening.
B．It's important to keep a balanced diet for people's health.
C．Fear of some food is an important reflection of mental health.
D．Parents who give children bad food are bad parents.
解析：选B推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句“Rather than focusing on food rules, aim for balance, variety and flexibility.”和本段的整体内容可推知，平衡饮食对健康很重要。

10．What seems to be the author's attitude toward the present thoughts about food?
A．Disapproving. B．Favorable.
C．Reserved. D．Objective.
解析：选A观点态度题。

根据第一段最后一句“Additionally, we are sold the lie that if we eat the ‘correct foods’ and follow a set of rules, we will gain health and happiness.”和第一段的整体内容可推知，作者对目前有关饮食的看法是不赞同的，故选A。