(完整word版)广州上海牛津版英语七年级下-重点语法及练习

广州英语-上海牛津版-七年级下-重点语法
Unit1 Making Friends
would like to do”表示“想做……” = want to do E.g. I would like/want to play basketball.我想
打篮球。

Playing chess是动词-ing短语，用在is后面作表语动词-ing短语还可以作主语 enjoy + doing 形式 finish, keep, practise等+doing sth. work as——从事…工作
E.g. He worked as a bus driver when he was 20. He is keen on running. be in glasses = be weari
ng glasses 意思是“戴着眼镜”=I am wearing glasses
舞者dance + r 演员act + or 招待员wait + er 工程师engine + er 表示“参加某一组织”，“代表某一队伍”时，常用介词on
one of + superlative（最高级）+ n.(plural)（名词复数），表示…中最（怎么样）的之一 E.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 不定冠词a & an 当第一次提及某人或某物时，在名词前使用a或an
当以辅音音素开头的单词时，前面用a E.g. a house, a useful book 当以元音因素开头的单词时，前面用an E.g. an apple, an hour
定冠词the
当我们在次提及到某人或某物时，在名词前用the
在表示独一无二的事时要用the
国家名和地名前面不用the，例外：the UK, the USA play the guitar, play volleyball 乐器前加the，球类前不加the
序数词前加the，三餐前不加the，指一家人前加the many + C.修饰可
数名词 much + U. 修饰不可数名词
at the beginning of在…的开始 at the end of在…的末尾 in the middle在…中
间
why not + do sth. = why don’t you do sth.
Unit2 Our Daily Life
单数概念：one…the other…两者中的一个，另一
个 E.g. I have two brothers. One is a doctor, and the other is a teacher.
单数概念：one…another…三者或三者中的一个，另一个复数概念：some…other + n.(pl.)一些…，另一些…（无明确范围）
E.g. Some students come from Yuexiu, some are from Baiyun and others are from Panyu.
复数概
念：some…the other + n.(pl.)一些…，另一些…（有明确范围）
E.g. There are nine apples on the table. Some are red, the others are green. 一般现在时
频率副词通常位于：be动词，助动词，情态动词的后面，行为动词的前面。

sometimes还可以位于
句首。

一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态、日常行为习惯或客观事实等。

谓语
动词是be动词的变化：
否定句：主语 + be + not +其它一般疑问句：be +主语+其它特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？谓语动词是行为动词的变化：主语+行为动词原型（+其它当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在行为动词后加“-s”或“-es”
否定句：主语+don’t(doesn’t)+动词原型（+其它）一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？动词第三人称单数形式的构成：
1. 一般的动词后面直接加-s，如：walk→walks
2. 以-s, -x, -sh或-ch结尾的动词后加-es，如：discuss→discusses
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-es，如：study→studies
4. 特殊变化，如：do→does
with+身体特征，经常用来描述一个人的动作、体态特征、外貌或身上的装饰品 E.g. the girl with big eyes, the boy with his hands on his head
be in+颜色+衣服表示穿着什么颜色的衣服 E.g. be in the blue T-shirt, be in the white shirt Unit3 Troubles
interesting、exciting通常用来描述事物 interested、excited通常描述人
keep意为“保持”，连系动词。

后跟形容词构成系表结构。

表示“保持某种状态”。

类似用法的连系动词
还有feel, become等 E.g. feel hot, become more beautiful 一般过去时
表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，一般与表示过去的时间状语连用。

规则动词的过去式变化方式： 1. 一般的动词后面加-ed 2. 以-e结尾的动词后面加-d
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed
4. 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed be→was/were bring→brought buy→bought can→could come→came do→did drive→drove fall→fell get→got give→gave go→went hear→heard know→knew meet→met leave→left put→put ride→rode run→ran say→said see→saw speak→spoke stand→tood steal→stole take→took teach→taught wear→wore
-ed发音规则：清辅音后发/t/，浊辅音、元音后发/d/， t、d后发/id/
E.g. asked turned argued started ended fewer and fewer friends朋友越来越少 less and less money钱越来越少
Unit4 Hobbies
all的部分否定和全否定：肯定句：All the stars are the same. 所有的星星都是一样的。

部分否定：Not all the stars are the same. = All stars are not the same. 全否定句：None of the stars are the same. (none /n∧n/ 所有都不)
It’s + adj. + to do sth. 做什么事情是怎样的。

It是形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth. E.g. It’
s important to learn English well. = To learn English well is important. = Learning English well is im portant.
｝ -ed修饰人，-ing修饰物｝
few修饰可数，less修饰不可数
as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用“就远原则”，也就是跟最前边的主语保持一致。

E.g. The teacher as well as the students wants to see the film.
when从句可放在主句前或后，当位于主句之前时，句中要用逗号隔开。

when时间状语从句中，主句与从句的时态要一致。

区别except/besides和except for：
except：指“（不包括本身在内的）除……之外”，
“-” E.g. He gets up early every day except Sunday. besides：指“（包括本身在内的）除……之外”，“+” E.g. Five others were late besides me. except for：指前后比较范围是不同类型的 E.g. Except for one old man, the bus was empty.
Unit5 Encyclopaedias
当neither…nor…连接两个主语时，主谓一致采用“就近原则”，即跟后边的那个主语保持人称和数的一
致。

E.g. Neither you nor she is wrong. Neither she nor you are wrong.
a number of“许多的；大量的”，=many，修饰可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

E.g. A number of students are playing on the playground. Countable & Uncountable Noun可数与
不可数名词：
单数复数近 this这个 these这些远 that那个 those那些
修饰可数名词：不定冠词(a, an)，数词many, (a)few, several, a number of 修饰不可数名词：much, (a)little, a great deal of 共同的：some, all, a lot of, lots of 可数名词复
数的构成方法： 1. 一般在名词后加-s：dog→dogs
2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加-es：watch→watches
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词改y为i再加es：country→countries
4. 以o结尾的名词，加-s或-es：potato→potatoes, tomato→tomatoes
5. 以f, fe结尾的名词，改f, fe为v加-es：knife→knives
6. 需要记忆的特殊复数形式
复合词的复数：改中心词为复数 girl student→girl students
一张纸 a piece of paper,一条建议 a piece of advice,一条新闻 a piece of news,一支粉笔a piece of chalk,一瓶墨水 a bottle of ink,一碗米饭 a bowl of rice,一杯啤酒 a glass of beer,一公斤盐a kilo of salt
一．单选题
1.---Can I talk to you for a minute, Bob?
---Sure, I have _______ time.
A.a few
B.little
C.few
D.a little
2.Neither animals nor plants can live on the moon because there is _______air or water on it.
A.enough
B.few
C.no
D.little
3.---_______ does the nice coat cost?
---Only thirty dollars.
A.How many
B.How much
C. How few
D. How little
4.---I got a letter from my friend but there wasn't _______ news.
A. many
B.much
C.few
D.little
st time I wasn't _______ in the exam. I made a lot of mistakes.
A.careful enough
B.enough careful
C.carefully enough
D.enough carefully
6.Though he has a lot of money, he has_______ friends. So he always feels lonely.
A.few
B.a few
C.little
D.a little
7.I am afraid the T-shirt is_______ expensive. I won't take it.
A.too much
B.much too
C.too many
D.many too
8. There isn't_______ cooking oil left .Could you go and buy _______ ,dear?
A.some;some
B.any; any
C. some;any
D. any;some
9.---Would you like_______ ?
---Yes, please..
A.some breads
B.a few milk
C. two kilo of meats
D.a little water
10.Linda, hurry up! There is only _______ time left.
A.a few
B. a little
C.few
D. little
1. 反意疑问句
反意疑问句是由两部分组成的，前一部分是对事物的陈述（即陈述句），后一部分是简短的提问（即简短疑问句），中间用逗号隔开。

如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑问句；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑问句。

两部分的人称和时态要一致。

其回答是用yes或no 来表示。

肯定反意疑问句的回答和否定反意疑问句的回答翻译成汉语是有区别的：
1）肯定反意疑问句回答时yes和no翻译成汉语时是一致的：
例如："It’s new, isn’t it?" "Yes,it is." （“这是新的，对吗？”“是，是新的。

”）
"It’s new, isn’t it?" "No,it isn't."（“这是新的，对吗？”“不，不是新的。

”）
2）而否定反意疑问句回答时yes和no翻译成汉语时是不一致的：
如："It isn't new, is it?" "Yes,it is." （“这不是新的，对吗？”“不，是新的。

”）
"It isn't new, is it?" "No,it isn't."（“这不是新的，对吗？”“是，不是新的。

”）
初中英语反意疑问句练习题
1. I suppose the shoes will last you at least one year, ____________?
A. won’t they
B. will they
C. do I
D. don’t
2. Everyone is surprised at the news, _____________?
A, is he B. are they C. aren’t they D. is not he
3. ----- You will come to have dinner with us, won’t you?
----- ____________
A. Excuse me, I won’t.
B. I haven’t been there.
C. You are welco me.
D. Yes. That’s very nice of you.
4. Tom isn’t a hard-working student, for it is the third time he has been late, ______________?
A. wasn’t it
B. hasn’t it
C. isn’t it
D. hasn’t he
5. You don’t have to go school on Sundays, _____________ you?
A. have
B. do
C. should
D. would
6. I don’t think he had his supper at the school, _____________?
A. had he
B. did he
C. do I
D. don’t you
7.I don’t think he’d like to take such a difficult job, __________?
A. had he
B. wou ld he
C. do I
D. don’t you
8. I don’t think her passport’s gone, __________?
A. is it
B. has she
C. do I
D. don’t you
9. Do pay attention to my work and keep your eyes open all the time, ____________?
A. will you
B. don’t you
C. shall we
D. won’t we
10. All the drivers dislike driving on the narrow roads ________________?
A. don’t they
B. don’t each of them
C. do I
D. don’t you
11. Let’s go and have a walk,___________?
A. do
B. shall
C. haven’t
D. shan’t
12. Go and fetch a chair for him, ___________?
A. don’t you
B. shall you
C. won’t you
D. will you
13. There used to be a shop behind the factory, ________________?
A. didn’t there
B. used there
C. usedn’t it C. didn’t it
14. I’m sure he mu st have been sleeping at the moment, __________?
A. aren’t I B, mustn’t C. wasn’t he D. hasn’t
15. I had to tell the truth, __________?
A. hadn’t I
B. wouldn’t I
C. didn’t I
D. shouldn’t I
16.------- Why is Tom absent now ?
-------He must be sick,________________?
A. isn’t he
B. must he
C. is he
D. mustn’t he
17, He’d like to have a look at your picture,_________-he ?
A. hadn’t
B. didn’t C .couldn’t D .wouldn’t
18. You don’t think he will come,_________?
A. do you
B. will you
C. will he
D. won’t he
19. Let’s go home, shall we? _________.
A. That’s right.
B. That’s all
C. That’s all right
D. All right
20. Jack had dinner with his mother at home yesterday,
A. did
B. does
C. didn’t
D. hadn’t
21. Let John finish the work all by himself,___________?
A. shall we
B. will you
C. do you
D. do we
22.I don’t think it is going to rain, _____________ it?
A. do I
B. do you
C. is
D. isn’t
23. Nothing the boy did was right, _______ it?
A. was
B. did
C. wasn’t C. didn’t
24. It’s the first time that she has been to the United States, ____________?
A. isn’t she
B. isn’t it
C. hasn’t she
D. hasn’t it
25. He was hardly able to stand on his feet after the car accident,__________ he?
A. could
B. couldn’t
C. was
D. wasn’t
26. Jack seldom goes to the park, _______________?
A. does he
B. doesn’t he
C. does Jack
D. doesn’t Jack
27. People use tag question (反意疑问) because they are not sure of what they have said _____________they?
A. do
B. did
C. didn’t
D. don’t
28. Everyone wants to be chosen for the work, ____________?
A. isn’t he
B. does he
C. don’t they
D. do they
29. She is going to see you ,_________ she ?
A. isn’t
B. is
C. don’t
D. doesn’t
30. They used to live in these mountain areas ,_____________ they?
A. did
B. didn’t
C. used
D. weren’t
31. He ought to go by plane, _____he ?
A. shouldn’t
B. wouldn’t
C. should
D. would
32. Lovely weather! ___________?
A. Yes. You are right.
B. Yes ,isn’t it
C. No, it is
D. No, you are wrong
33. ---------- You must do as I tell you.
----------Oh, I must, ____________I?
A. should
B. mustn’t
C. ought
D. must
34. We must start earlier,__________ we?
A. needn’t
B. mustn’t
C. don’t
D. mustn’t
35. You must have studied English for many years, _________ you?
A. didn’t
B. haven’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
36. She must have arrived there yesterday, __________ she ?
A. didn’t
B. hasn’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
37. We mustn’t be late, __________ we?
A. must
B. may
C. are
D. A&B
38, I needn’t show her the keys to the questio n, ________ I?
A. must
B. need
C. can
D. do
39. We need to practice speaking English more often, ___________ we?
A. mustn’t
B. needn’t
C. can’t
D. don’t
40. I have to work this afternoon,__________ I? A. don’t C, haven’t D. do
2. 现在进行时
构成：be + v-ing. 助动词be的形式要根据主语的人称和数来决定。

1、现在进行时的标志：Look! Listen! Now，It’s …o’clock, 等词
2、现在进行时的基本用法：
a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情或当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

We are waiting for you. I’m doing my homework now. They are watching TV.
b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。

Mr. Green is writing another novel(小说).(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。

)
3、动词-ing的变形规则
1）一般情况直接加-ing。

Play—playing look—looking go—going
2）以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing。

write—writing take—taking
3）重读闭音节，双写末尾的字母，再加ing。

swim—swimming
c.已经确定或安排好的将来活动
I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已经安排了）
we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了）
d.有些动词（状态动词）不用于进行时态
1.表示知道或了解的动词:believe, forget, imagine, know, remember, understand
2.表示“看起来”“看上去", seem
3表示喜爱或不喜爱hate, like. lover. prefer
4表示构成或来源的动词be come from.
5表示感官的动词hear，see，smell，sound，taste
6表示拥有的动词belong to, need. own . want wish
何时使用现在进行时：
(1)当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时
(2)以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时用现在进行时。

(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。

如：
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。

(4)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。

此时也常用现在进行时。

如：Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。

用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Look! The grandma ________(run)after the grandson.
2. Listen! The students _______(sing)an English song.
3. Don’t go out. It___________(rain)hard now.
4. Tom _______(read) a book now.
5. Is your father _________(fish) now?
6. Are they _______(have) breakfast now?
7. The children _________(not listen) to the music now.
8. What are you _________(do) now? I _________(eat) bread.
9. It’s nine o’clock. My father___________(work) in the office.
10. Look, the boy__________(put) the rubbish into the bin.
11. _____he_______(clean) the classroom? No, he isn’t. He_________(play).
12. Where is Make? He___________(run) on the grass.
13. Listen, who___________(sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary__________(sing) there.
14. It is half past eight now, but they ______(still have) their supper at home.
15. Look! Jim ________ （play）basketball on the playground.
16. — What ________ the students ________ (do) there?
— They ________ (have) an English evening.
17. Listen! Some birds ________ (sing) outside in the yard.
用动词的适当形式填空
1. She ______________ (go) to school at eight o’clock.
2. It’s six o’clock. They are _____________ supper. (eat)
3. He usually ___________ up at 17:00.(get )
4．I ________(be) from Australia.
5．Jane and Tom ________ (be) my friends.
6．There ________ (be) some glasses on it.
7．My uncle ________ (live)in Nanjing now.
8．________ Lucy and Lily ________ (like)China?
9．Li Lei ________ (not like)to drink orange soda.
10．________Kate ________ (speak) French? Yes, she does.
11．Jim ________ (not ride) his bike often.
12．Tom ________ (not do)the morning exercises often.
13．Tom and his father ________ (swim) now.
14．Look ! They ________ (run) along the street.
II.选择填空
1．He often _________ supper at 6:00 in the evening.
A. have
B. has c. is having D. is eating
2. It’s 6 o’clock in the morning. He ___________.
A. get up
B. gets up
C. is geting up
D. is getting up
3. What are you doing? I’m __________ TV.
A. watch
B. watches
C. to watch
D. watching
4. We _____________ any Chinese classes on Friday.
A. are having
B. aren’t having
C. don’t have
D. are have
5. Tom _______ an English class now.
A. is having
B. has
C. having
D. have
6. Are you playing basketball? No, we ___________.
A. isn’t
B. aren’t
C. not
D. don’t
7. Listen! The girl_____ in the room.
A. sings
B. singing
C. is singing
D. are singing
8. The boy is ___ to his teacher. A. saying B. speaking C. talking D. telling
9. I’m ___ a book in the room. A. watching B. seeing C. reading D. looking
10. Where _______ he ___ from?
A. is, come
B. do, come
C. does, come
D. is , from
11. What language do you _______ ? A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell
12.Today Jim______ his white shirt and brown trousers.
A is putting on
B wear
C put on
D is wearing
13.______are you eating? I'm eating ______ meat.
A What, some
B Which, any
C Where, not
D What, a
14.They______TV in the evening. They do their homework.
A are watching
B can't watching
C don't watch
D don't watching
15.The children _____ football.
A is playing
B are playing
C play the
D play a
3. when, while和as的区别
①时间连词while，as与when是同义词，均可解为“当……时候”，用来引导时间状语从句。

when引导的状语从句时态用一般过去时或一般现在时，而while后的状语从句时态是进行时，其次when和while在表示时间上，when往往指时间上的一点，而while指一段时间，while 另指“在……的同时”
Eg. The headmaster came into the classroom while he was talking loudly.
She began to learn English when she was five.
②as 有时可与when, while通用，但它着重指主句和从句中的动作或事情同时发生，不是一前一后。

As we walked, we talked.
4. also, too, either 与as well 的用法区别
1) too 和as well 多用于口语中，语气较轻，通常用于肯定句或疑问句，一般不用于否定句，
且通常放在句末。

如：Are they coming, too [as well]?
注意：在Me too; You too这类简略答语中，通常不用as well或also。

2) also 比too 和as well 正式，一般也不用于否定句，它在句中的位置通常是紧靠动词，即放在行为动词之前，特殊动之后。

有时为了强调也放在句末(但不常见)。

如：She is young and beautiful，and also rich.
说明：also 有时用于句首(其后通常有逗号)，相当于连词and。

如：Also, his mother was dead.
3) either(也)通常只用于否定句，且要放在句末。

如：He hasn’t finished it, either.
too either also as well 训练
1.Making soup is not easy, and being a good chef is not easy, .
2.He gave me advice and money ____.
3. He will go to town tomorrow, I shall ____ go.
4. I ca n’t play the piano. He can’t, ____.
5. My father likes reading, and I do,____.
6.I like you____
7.Are they coming _____?
8.If he wants to go _____, he should meet us at 8:00.
9.Frank can come with us. Nancy can come with us ____.
10.I am Canadian _____. 11.I can speak French ____.
12.I love chocolate. I love pizza _____.
13.I am studying economics ______.
14.Jane doesn’t speak French. Sam doesn’t speak French ____.
15.Jane speaks French. Sam speaks French_____.
16.I don’t love chocolate. I d on’t love pizza ____.
5. 人称代词?
人称代词表示人称范畴以及他们的相关变化形式。

人称代词有三个人称，每个人称又分为单复数形式。

人称代词的形式如下：
人称代词的位置
1）人称代词一般出现在它所指代的名词之后.
e.g. Tom is a five-year-old boy. He likes reading and swimming. ( he指代Tom)
2）人称代词也可出现在它所指代的名词的前面。

e.g. Though he didn't know it, Jack was in danger. 杰克还不知道，他已经处于危险之中了。

（he
指代Jack）
人称代词的指代作用: 人称代词不仅可以指人，也可以指物。

人称代词的人称，数和性由其所指代的名词决定，人称代词的格由其在句子中的地位来决定。

作为主语就用主格，做宾语用宾格
实例讲解：
四、第四行是名词性物主代词。

名词性物主代词后面不用带名词，可以单独使用。

如:This potato is （我的）.
That tomato is （你的）.
【练习】
一. 单项选择。

( ) 1. Don’t worry about your broken pen. You can use ____. (09 山东青岛)
A. my
B. mine
C. yours
D. myself
( ) 2. This is desk. Mine is over there. (09 桂林)
A. you
B. your
C. yours
D. yourself
( ) 3. ---Do you know Alice? (09 杭州)
---Yes. I know very well.
A. she
B. her
C. herself
D. hers
( ) 4. ---Who will send you to the new school, your mum or your dad? (09重庆)
--- . I’ll go there alone.
A. Both
B. Either
C. Neither
D. None
( ) 5. We don’t have enough nurses to look after the patients. At least are needed.
(09 重庆)
A. ten another nurses
B. more ten nurses
C. other ten nurses
D. another ten nurses
( ) 6. ---Do you know the man with sunglasses is? (09 江西南昌)
---I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter.
A. who
B. what
C. where
D. how
二. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。

1.Yesterday I was doing some shopping in the supermarket when I met a friend of _______
( my ) .
2.–Who will teach ________ ( we ) math next term ?
-I think Mrs Yang will .
3. I brought two tickets for the concert . One is for _____ ( I ) and the other for
my son .
4. –Whose books are those ?
- They are _______ ( we )
5.The little girl couldn’t find ______ (she ) bag and began to cry .
6. Lily and Lucy are over there . Please pass the pens to ______ ( they ).
7. – Are these ________ ( you ) bags ?
-No , they aren’t . They are ______ ( they ).
8. When you see Tom and his sister , tell ______ ( they ) that ______ ( they ) mother
is waiting for them at the gate .
9.-________ ( you ) school is much larger than ______ ( we ).
-I don’t think so.
10. A friend of _____ ( she ) visited our city yesterday .
6. 反身代词
1）列表
2
a. 有些动词需有反身代词
absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.我们昨晚玩得很开心。

Please help yourself to some fish.请你随便吃点鱼。

b. 用于及物动词+宾语+介词
take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth.
I could not dress (myself) up at that time.那个时候我不能打扮我自己。

注：有些动词后不跟反身代词，get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。

Please sit down.请坐。

3）作表语；同位语
be oneself: I am not myself today.我今天不舒服。

The thing itself is not important.事情本身并不重要。

4）在不强调的情况下，but, except, for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。

如：No one but myself (me) is hurt.
注意：
a. 反身代词本身不能单独作主语。

(错) Myself drove the car.
(对) I myself drove the car.我自己开车。

b. 但在and, or, nor连接的并列主语中，第二个主语可用反身代词，特别是myself 作主语。

Charles and myself saw it.
5）第二人称作宾语，要用反身代词。

You should be proud of yourself.你应为自己感到骄傲。

二. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。

3.Yesterday I was doing some shopping in the supermarket when I met a friend
of _______ ( my ) .
4.–Who will teach ________ ( we ) math next term ?
-I think Mrs Yang will .
3. I brought two tickets for the concert . One is for _____ ( I ) and the other for
my son .
4. –Whose books are those ?
- They are _______ ( we )
5.The little girl couldn’t find ______ (she ) bag and began to cry .
6. Lily and Lucy are over there . Please pass the pens to ______ ( they ).
7. – Are these ________ ( you ) bags ?
-No , they aren’t . They are ______ ( they ).
8. When you see Tom and his sister , tell ______ ( they ) that ______ ( they ) mother
is waiting for them at the gate .
9.-________ ( you ) school is much larger than ______ ( we ).
-I don’t think so.
10. A friend of _____ ( she ) visited our city yesterday .
三. 用适当的反身代词填空。

1. Did the students enjoy ___________ in the World Park ?
2. The teacher said to Sam , “Don’t play with the knife , or you will hurt _______”.
3. The clever girl could teach ________ English when she was ten .
4. Boys and girls , help ___________ to some fruit .
5. Thanks to pace satellites (卫星) , the world _________is becoming a much smaller
place .
7. 情态动词
一、can的用法：
1. (表示能力、功能)能,会
The classroom can seat thirty students. 这教室能坐三十位学生。

June can drive now. 琼现在会开车了。

2. (表示可能性)可能,可能会
I think the work can be completed ahead of time. 我认为这项工作能提前完成。

3. (表示允许、请求)可以
You can't take the book out of the room. 你不可以将这本书拿出室外。

Can I use your pen? 我可以用一下你的笔吗?
4. (表示命令)必须
If you won't keep quiet you can get out. 你如不保持安静,就请你走。

5. (表示偶然发生的可能性)有时会
It can be quite windy there, especially in spring. 那里有时容易刮风,特别在春季。

6. (表示惊讶)究竟;竟至于
What can it possibly be? 到底那是怎么一回事?
二、could的用法
can的过去式；
（用于虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的设想）能；可以；
（表示可能性）可能；
（用于婉转语气）能，可以
三、may的用法
1.表示请求和允许，意思是：可以
He may come if he likes. 如果他想来，可以来
2.表示祝愿，意思是：祝…，（但愿）。

May the friendship between our two peoples last forever. 祝两国人民的友谊万古长青。

3.表示推测，意思是：可能（会），或许（会）。

It may rain this evening. You'd better take an umbrella. 今晚可能要下雨，你最好带上雨伞。

四、must的用法
1.表“必须”。

You must talk to them about their study.你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。

2.在否定结构中表不许。

You mustn't leave here.你不能离开这儿。

3.表坚定的建议。

You must come and see us as soon as you get to Shanghai.一到上海你得马上来看我们。

4.表推测，暗含有很大的可能性，用在肯定句。

He must be ill. He looks so pale.他肯定是病了。

他的脸色那么苍白。

注意：may 暗含的可能性较小。

must 暗含的可能性较大。

否定的猜测用can't
The baby can't be ill. He is so active.那宝宝不大可能是病了。

他那么活跃。

五、might的用法
might表示的可能性太小，没有足够的说服力去职责别人。

can, could 之间的区别，和may,might 之间的区别在于，虚拟句和过去时态用后者，表示的可能性比原词小，但大部分时候2者可以互换，不会产生歧义或者对表述造成干扰。

六、should的用法
1.should 作为助动词shall 的过去式，可以在间接引语中与第一人称主语搭配，表示过去将来时间。

2.should 作为情态动词，通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务，译作“应该”、“应当”，这时它可以和ought to，be supposed to 互换使用。

例如：
You should （= are supposed to ）complete your test in time.
你们应该按时做完你们的实验。

3.should 作为情态动词，可以用在条件状语从句中，表示语气较强的假设，译作“万一”、“竟然”，这时也可将should 置于从句之首，即将should 放在主语前面，而省略从属连词if.
If it should rain tomorrow，I wouldn't go. （= Should it rain tomorrow，I wouldn't go.）
万一明天天下雨，我就不去了。

七、would的用法
1.would是will的过去式，Would you like～？
表示请求、劝说，是很客气的说法。

Would you like a cup of tea？您愿意喝杯茶吗？
2.主语+would like to～
表示“想要……”的意思上，与…want to～意思一样，但用此句型较客气。

I want to ask you a question.
3.最基本的虚拟语气句型:
主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。

八. ought to的用法
ought to 是一个可以加上to 的情态动词其意思与should是一样的,但是ought to 不能用于虚拟语气中表示推测,而should可以
ought to与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should谈的是自己的主观看法，ought to则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。

如：We should／ought to help each other and learn from each other in our work．
She is your mother, so you ought to support her．
We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don’t think we will．
情态动词练习
1. --- Where is Mary? --- She ____ in the library.
A. should be
B. must be
C. can be
D. must have been
2. His room is dark. He must ____ to bed.
A. go
B. be going
C. have gone
D. have been gone
3. “Will your father stay home tonight?”“I’m not sure, He ____to work.”
A. must go
B. can go
C. may be gone
D. may be going
4. “Where is Tom?”“He isn’t here I think he ____ have gone home.”
A. may
B. must
C. might
D. A or B or C
5. “I think Helen is at home.”
“No, she ____ be at home, for she phoned m e from the airport just five minutes ago.”
A. mustn’t
B. needn’t
C. can’t
D. daren’t
6. He’s late. What ____ have happened to him?
A. can
B. may
C. should D, must
7. “ _____ he be watching TV now?”“Yes, he _____ be watching TV now.”
“No, he _____ be watching TV now.”
A. Must; can; mustn’t
B. Can; must; can’t
C. Must; must; can’t
D. Can; can; mustn’t
8. “____ h e have left yesterday?”Yes, he ____ yesterday.”“No, he ____ yesterday.”
A. Must; must have left; can’t have left
B. Can; can have left; can’t have left
C. Can; must have left; can’t have left
D. May; must have left; shouldn’t have left
9. You must be a writer, ____ you?
A. mustn’t
B. are
C. must
D. aren’t
10. You must have seen her yesterday, ____ you?
A. mustn’t
B. haven’t
C. didn’t
D. don’t
11. You must have seen her, ____ you?
A. haven’t
B. didn’t
C. don’t
D. A or B
12. There was plenty of time. She ____ worried or hurried.
A. mustn’t have
B. shouldn’t have
C. must be
D. needn’t have
13. I got up early, but I ____ so because I had no work to do that morning.
A. mustn’t have done
B. didn’t need to do
C. needn’t have done
D. can’t have done
14. I ____ up early this morning. So I stayed in bed till 9 a. m.
A. needn’t have got
B. didn’t need to get
C. shouldn’t have got
D. can’t have g ot
15. The flower is dead. I ____ it more water.
A. will give
B. would have given
C. must give
D. should have given
16. He ____ have come here yesterday, but he didn’t.
A. could
B. should
C. ought to
D. A or B or C
17. “Must he do it?”“No, he ____.”
A. mustn’t
B. needn’t
C. doesn’t have to
D. B or C
18. “Need you go now?”“Yes, I ____.” “No, I ____.”
A. need; needn’t
B. must; needn’t
C. may; mustn’t
D. can; needn’t
19. “May I borrow your bike?”“No, you ____.”
A. mustn’t
B. may not
C. had better not
D. can’t
20. “Can I do it?”“No, you ____.”or “No, please ____.”
A. can’t; doesn’t
B. can’t; don’t
C. can’t; can’t
D. can’t; you don’t
21. I missed the last bus, so I ____ go home on foot.
A. must
B. have to
C. may
D. had to
22. We ____ hurry if we want to arrive in time.
A. must
B. need
C. may
D. have to
23. He ought to have won the first prize, ____ he?
A. oughtn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. mustn’t
D. oughtn’t to
24. He ____ get up early when he lived in the countryside.
A. would
B. used to
C. mustn’t
D. can’t
25. My brother ____ be very naughty, and my sister ____ like reading.
A. used to; would
B. would; used to
C. used to; used to
D. would; would
26. ____ you please pass on a message to him?
A. Do
B. Shall
C. May
D. Will
27. ____ we set off now?
A. Shall
B. Will
C. Would
D. ought
28. “____ he open the window?”Yes, please.”
A. Does
B. will
C. Shall
D. Would
29. I’ve told him many times, but he ____ li sten to my advice.
A. shall not
B. won’t
C. will not
D. wouldn’t
30. “Will you lend me a hand?”“Yes, I ____.”
A. will
B. shall
C. can
D. may
31. Everyone ____ do his best for the modernization of China.
A. will you
B. don’t we
C. shall we
D. do you
32. Let’s clean our room, ____?
A. will you
B. don’t we
C. shall we
D. do you。