英语课程与教学论

Primary school English teaching reflection
Teacher quality is one of the key elements which determine the success of education reformation. However, we laid much emphasis on teaching materials,teaching methods,and learning process, hardly paying enough attention to how we should perform our functions. For my own experience, I have some ideas as following.
Reflection on teaching
Firstly, it is very important for a teacher to get a full preparation for a lesson. There are two aspects: one is preparation for students, the other is preparation for teaching. For example, about Unit 8 Section A, the title is “What color is it? ”, it’s a little hard to go on this lesson . In order to have an interesting class, I made a PPT including many flash , the important points and the difficult points and a lot of funny pictures, the most important is organization of students. At the very first, the class was all interested in it, doing all the activities very carefully and excitingly. So you know it became an active and helpful class. Instead, sometimes when I didn’t get a full preparation, not only the students but also I couldn’t get into good situation, tired and sleepy. It wasted the students’ time. So we can see, a useful preparation is important for teaching, especially for English that Chinese students always feel difficult.
Secondly, teachers should master the ability of class organization because students’ response effects the result of teaching.Therefore, the teachers should use all kinds of methods to attract the attention of the students. Such as the content should be rich and interesting, but not too easy or not too difficult, and the procession should be natural. Thus the students can learn English at a very natural situation. For a teacher, he or she should be energetic every day. Coming back to my teaching, I feel a little upset for I can’t deal with my emotion better. When some students break the class rule, I suddenly get so angry and the situation go on a long time that the lesson can’t be wonderful, or I should say it is pretty bad. From now on, getting over it becomes my emergency.
Thirdly, students’interest should be aroused. About this point, one is helping students get an English name; one is talking about British and American culture and telling stories as much as possible; another is helping some students make penfriends with students in America. In these ways, students love English better, love learning English better, especially improve their English including writing ability.
Fourthly, English is a kind of language. students need to reading more, speaking more, practice more except learning on class. The first: every morning
students’ practice time, I go around the class, finding the students’ problems, helping students find out the answer to the problem. The second: after class, I check every students’ homework and help students find out the mistakes and correct them. The third, I also ask several students who are not very interested in English to recite the text to improve them.
Fifthly, after the Mid-term exam and Final exam, i found two disadvantages: one is that there are many expecting improving students, I plan to spend enough time in leading them to learn English, one is that the analysis ability of the students need to improve. In future, I must think over much more ways to do with the problem.
reflection on myself
In addition to teaching materials, syllabus, students and other reflection, the most important thing for teachers is self-reflection, because only teachers constantly reflect on their own, teaching progress can occur.
I usually spend long time I should say looking up in the dictionary and surfing
on net for as much and complete information as I can, in order to enrich the class. But it appears that most of the time it is just for fun, and contributes little to the improvement, and even the motivation and enthusiasm, if there is any.
However, I would be very nervous if I fail to make full preparation for the class, at least good enough in my view. And my textbook is underlined and marked here and there, which makes the other teacher who is in charge of the parellel class surprised. I know although I can manage to give a three- hour class after a fashion, I would have a sense of guilty... Anyway, I have to learn to balance and budge the time, and grasp what is the most important!
By the way, to communicate with others and sharing the experience is very important!
Since the 80’s of the 20th century , a reflective trend has spread in all the Euro-American countries,which advocated promoting teachers’ development through reflection. Since then ,more and more researchers have focused on the study of teacher reflection in every country in the world. Many related researches have indicated that the refle ction can promote and progress effects on teachers’ professional development.The reform of latest elementary education curriculum in China posed new demand for teacher’s occupation. Teachers should not only alter the teaching behavior mostly with experience and technique,but also examine their teaching activity with the rational thought. Thus,a teacher can become a truly reflection one.To meet the development of the times and the requirement of the reform ,the author thought that researching on the teaching reflection on the primary and high school teachers is of great instructive importance.
The supporting system on the teaching reflection can be put forward.
1)Teachers can improve their reflection abilities by the action research under the help of the experts.
2)The school leaders should give support to build the cultural atmosphere of reflection teaching.
3)Teachers can improve themselves by appreciating, reflecting and cooperating with each other.
4)Teachers should concern the students’feedback and evaluation on teaching.
5)Teachers should mould themselves, and make them become reflective teachers.
Language is a tool of communication. The purpose of language teaching is to raise students' ability of communication. As a language, English is more and more important in modern society. So,how to improve oral English teaching is urgent for the educational circles. It is not only the request of education but also the tendency of a revolution in it. People who learn English is to learn a kind of communicative skill. To learn it better can improve overall ability for ourselves and help us to make good foundation in the future. Good English teachers are not only to make strategy for
teaching in class, but also need reflection of their teaching. Good strategy can help the teacher to make the class lively, such as enough oral English environments, students' interests in oral English and so on. Reflection of oral English teaching is another way to improve the quality of oral English teaching. Reflection seems to summarize the good side and bad side in teaching in class, and then aims directly at the bad side to find a better way to solve problems. Primary school is the foundation for English learners. We should know more about oral English teaching and then we can do better with it. Analysis of the Present Situation of Oral English Teaching in primary school by analyzing the problems in current English teaching, we can point out the present situation that most of the students have a poor oral English results from emphasis on input too much. Of course, primary school students also have various kinds of difficulty in improving their oral English. So, as a primary school English teacher, to know the present situation of oral English is very important. Through the oral English teaching, we can see that environment's deficiency, neglecting the importance of oral English and students' interests always become the problems.
English environment's deficiency
Communication thought advocate called All-Wright thinks that the successful language study is to make the students in an environment that has communicative purpose. The environment can train students' language sense, judgment skill and comprehension skill. But in our country, the official language is Chinese. When we are on tourism or go shopping, Chinese is widely used. But in many other countries there are several official languages. The people in those countries often use a second language instead of their mother language. This phenomenon prevents the students in our country from speaking English and makes them think that studying English is useless. At last, our students study English for many years but they can not speak much. In addition, the English class is the only environment where students get in touch with English. In each week, students only have a few English classes; the oral English practice in the class couldn't be reviewed after class. So the speaking or listening practice has no effect on students. Also, some teachers do not notice the oral English environment. In their English class, they just say Chinese to teach students English. The wrong way makes students use Chinese to learn English; we can imagine how deficient the oral English environment is.
Neglecting the importance of oral English
The purpose of learning English is speaking. But many English teachers neglect it. Their senses just care of exams and students' paper marks. So, teachers must improve overall ability themselves. Many students' purpose to learn English is to pass exams. However, most exams do not have "oral English exam", and so many students think that practice on oral English is wasting time. In fact many teachers hold such an attitude like this. Although the new textbook arrangements have lots of oral English activities, the teachers still put focus on grammar. That means in the English class there is not enough time for students to do oral English practice. The result is that the students can just read but can't speak.
Psychological obstacle of students
Personal subjective factors always are the problem on oral English learning for
all the students. Many English majors' level depends on their character. Generally speaking, the major who has cheerful character and strong self-confidence can make higher level on studying English than the one who has no self-confidence and quiet character. Also, the former can study oral English better. They can bold to speak English in a strange environment, and they do not worry when they speak wrong sentences. As Einstein said "Intellectual achievement depends on the great character." Being embarrassed about mistakes must obstruct learners to study on English. When students first get in touch with English, they all have a high enthusiasm to speak English. With teacher's help and partner's cooperation, they want to speak and dare to speak. But when they grow up and learn more knowledge of English, they think they have a certain level, so they make a high request for themselves. At this time, they don't want to make any mistake, and the way to make no mistake is to speak less or do not speak. Some students do not study English very well. Such as poor tone of voice, vocabulary, sentence and grammar. Also, they don't usually read or reciting text which makes them shy to speak. They are afraid if they make mistakes they may be criticized by teacher or may be laughed by other students. The result is that students do not want to speak, and their ability could not be improved. It will make a vicious circle at last.
Strategies of Oral English Teaching in primary school
Good strategy is the important point of oral English teaching. So, to think over about strategy is very important for an oral English teacher.
Setting up a good environment of oral English
"Environment deficiency" means we do not say English in our daily life. Our language environment is Chinese. We do not have much chance to speak English. When we get in touch with English, we just read textbooks or join English speaking contest. It is difficult to improve students' oral English ability. So, teacher should make any chance possible to help students to speak English in our daily life, not only in the class, but also after class. For example, we can request students to make "English spoken day" in the weekdays. In the whole day, all the students must speak English to each other. This is a way to set up the oral English speaking environment.
Enriching oral English teachers' overall ability and teaching materials enriching overall ability ourselves is what we first have to do. To be an English teacher, we should make sure of our pronouncing and tone of voice. We are the examples for students, so we must use English very well. Also, we could not only teach what books show us, but also discover new things in our life; using knowledge in our daily life to teaching is a good way.
Diversifying teaching ways to stimulate students' interests in oral English class The process of oral English speaking is how to express initiative and positive. We must research how to make students like English and want to speak English themselves. The first thing we should do is help students to remove their Psychological barrier. During the teaching process, teacher should always say some encouraging words like "good, very good, good job, well done" and so on. Sometimes, teachers also can interlude oral English practice like small competition or games to excite students' interest in English learning. Of course, how to choose oral English
content is very important for training students' interest in English. Teacher must catch the knowledge point of the premise of textbooks and then find something students are interested in. Use these things to excite students' interest to get the purpose of English teaching and learning. We can find some ways about oral English teaching, such as: imitation、repetition、free talk、and translation. Although there are no exams about oral English, we put it into usual results and when the term ends, oral English can be a part of comprehensive results. Generally speaking, practicing more can make students more interested in English learning. Also they may like to speak, want to speak. However, it is a long time to do this work. We must have strong perseverance. Reflection of oral English teaching in primary school
The research proves that a teacher who can succeed must have initiative and creativity to reflect his or her work, including teacher's teaching purpose, teaching environment and teacher's professional ability of the work. So, reflection always is a decisive factor in this special vocational. U.S. scholar G.J.Posner gives a formula of teachers is" experience + reflection = growth" and said that if a teacher has no reflection of his or her teaching, the teacher' experience is narrow. It just makes the knowledge superficial. Reflection of oral English teaching can help teachers how to teach better, can improve teachers overall ability and also can increase their experience.
The wash-back function to English teaching from oral English teaching Nowadays, oral English teaching is more and more important in English teaching. Teachers can promote students to improve their ability in English by using oral English teaching. When the speaking ability is improved, students can get all-round development in their English study. The four skills "listening, speaking,reading and writing" can be used together. The present situation of oral English teaching in China. Most students study English for many years but can't use it for communication. The wash-back function means students not only study for one skill, but also study the other three skills. We know, when students study one skill, the other skills can also be improved. It is called wash-back function.
Perfecting oral English teaching materials
At present, there are not many materials that are fit for oral English teaching. Most schools need more kinds of oral English teaching materials. And also the content of oral English teaching needs research on its science features and effectiveness. Most content of the textbooks are composed of many articles and grammar as well as conversation. It makes the teacher use most of time to explain the grammar in the articles, and also have no time to practice the articles. The result is students just listen but not speak. So perfecting materials is imminently. Design more conversations in the textbooks can help students to learn grammar and sentences in oral English practicing. The way is more lively and interesting for students to learn new knowledge.
Using multimedia on oral English teaching in class
Nowadays, using multimedia is necessary. Multimedia teaching can enrich teaching methods. It can make the class lively. Also, to be a teacher, we should grasp the basic skills of computer. Most schools' students think that learning English is
boring. Why do they have such as idea? Because in the English class, students all face only letters, words, phrases and grammar. No voice, no picture, no imagination. Students have no interest in these things. They want to see something interesting and fresh. In this way, multimedia can help teachers and students. Teacher can use multimedia to make PPT, audio and video, it easily arouses interest and focuses the attention of the students. Students have initiative to learn and teacher can teach more easily.
Oral English is more and more used in our daily life. Now, China is developing very fast, and the society needs more and more talents on English. Our country is paying more attention to basic education of English, especially oral English. So, to be a vocational college English teacher, we should know the situation of oral English teaching. The purpose for teacher to teach English is to help students learn how to use English as a tool of communication. We should not be limited in the textbooks, discovering more information from students. Such as what kind of English class they want and what way of teaching they like. Then using more kinds of teaching methods is fit for students to make the class lively and excite students' interests. How can we make our teaching process better? Reflection is the best way that teacher must do; it can give teachers great help on teaching English. Through reflection, we can find good side and inadequacy to improve the teaching way. It is good for teachers and even for students.。