Mark Twain 马克吐温 -美国文学课件
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3. His father died when he was 12 and then he left school.
4. He lived on all kinds of odd jobs and then went to the West. He worked as a reporter there and wrote lots of frontier humors.
His Position in American Literature
One of the great writers of American literature, Twain is admired for capturing typical American experiences in a language which is realistic and charming.
Mark Twain’s experience with Simon Wheeler and Wheeler’s stories about Jim Smiley both occur in Angel’s Camp, a mining settlement located in Calaveras County, California. Wheeler tells stories to Twain in a local bar, the type of place where stories were often shared.
Representative writers:
William Dean Howells (1837—1920), The Rise of Silas Lapham (1885) and Criticism and Fiction.
Henry James (1843—1916), Daisy Miller (1878), The Ambassadors (1903), The Wings of the Dove (1902) and The Art of Fiction.
Realism:
➢ Realism originated in France as reálisme.
➢ It called for “reality and truth” in the depiction of ordinary life.
➢ Some representatives are: Zola, Flaubert, Balzac and Dostoyevsky.
name given to Jim Smiley’s horse. An old and rather sickly animal, The Fifteen-Minute Nag was used by Jim in many of his bets.
Jim Smiley: Jim Smiley is the focus of Simon Wheeler’s
Characters
Andrew Jackson: Jim Smiley’s bull-pup, Andrew Jackson, was
used by Jim in various bets.
The Fifteen-Minute Nag :The Fifteen-Minute Nag is the
➢ “The Gilded Age”: “an age of extremes”— “of decline and progress, of poverty and dazzling wealth, of gloom and buoyant hope”.
➢ the railroad: It changed the way in which people lived and worked.
William Faulkner declared, “In my opinion, Mark Twain was the first truly American writer, and all of us since are his heirs, who descended from him.”
Definition and features:
➢ Realism: “nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material.” (W.D. Howells)
a. verisimilitude of details derived from observation b. representative in plot, setting and character c. an objective rather than an idealized view of human experience
Mark Twain was a great American humorist. A white linen suit and a cigar became his trademarks in public appearances.
Mark Twain
pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835-1910), American writer and humorist, whose best work is characterized by broad, often irreverent humor or biting social satire. Twain's writing is also known for realism of place and language, memorable characters, and hatred of hypocrisy and oppression.
Mark Twain (1835—1910), The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), Life on the Mississippi (1883).
Mark Twain
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835—1910)
H. L. Mencken declared, “Mark Twain was the true father of our national literature”
The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County
SETTING
“The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” takes place in the mid- to late 19th century, shortly after the California Gold Rush of 1849.
Background: Gold Rush
This story is set in the gold rush. In 1848, in California gold was discovered, a rapid movement of people to the newly discovered goldfield.
American Realism: Local Color
➢ local color, “an amalgam of romantic plots and realistic descriptions of things immediately observable: the dialects, customs, sights, and sounds of regional America”
批注本地保存成功开通会员云端永久保存去开通
Mark Twain
& “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”
Historical Background:
➢ the Civil War (1861—1864): “The industrial North had triumphed over the agrarian South, and from that victory came a society based on mass labor and mass consumption.”
(1876) The Adventures of Huckleberry
Finn (1884) Life on the Mississippi (1883)
Characteristics of Mark Twain’s works:
1. His works sum up the tradition of Western humor and frontier realism. 2. He writes about his people and his own life. 3. His greatest achievement on literature is his use of the dialect and his portrayal of the locale.
California was a world of men, isolated, homesick, and eager for entertainment.
Gambling was one of the easiest and most popular ways to amuse themselves.
Bret Harte,“The Outcasts of Poker Flat”, “Tennessee’s Partner”
Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin Mary E. W. Freeman, “A New England Nun” Kate Chopin, The Awakening Mark Twain
The Easterners had a reputation for being civilized, cultured, and advanced; whereas the Westerners were considered to be lesseducated, less-refined and easy to be deceived.
Mark Twain’s works:
The celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County (1865) Innocents Abroad Age (1873) The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
5. After marriage he moved to New England and then gradually became a famous writer.
6. His late life was a tragedy. (failure of investment, death of his wife and two daughters
Mark Twain’s Life:
Life
1. Mark Twain is the pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens. “Mark Twain” means “two fathom’s depth of navigable water”.
2. He lived in a town named Hannibal along the Mississippi when he was a child. His life experience in the town was used in his famous novels.
4. He lived on all kinds of odd jobs and then went to the West. He worked as a reporter there and wrote lots of frontier humors.
His Position in American Literature
One of the great writers of American literature, Twain is admired for capturing typical American experiences in a language which is realistic and charming.
Mark Twain’s experience with Simon Wheeler and Wheeler’s stories about Jim Smiley both occur in Angel’s Camp, a mining settlement located in Calaveras County, California. Wheeler tells stories to Twain in a local bar, the type of place where stories were often shared.
Representative writers:
William Dean Howells (1837—1920), The Rise of Silas Lapham (1885) and Criticism and Fiction.
Henry James (1843—1916), Daisy Miller (1878), The Ambassadors (1903), The Wings of the Dove (1902) and The Art of Fiction.
Realism:
➢ Realism originated in France as reálisme.
➢ It called for “reality and truth” in the depiction of ordinary life.
➢ Some representatives are: Zola, Flaubert, Balzac and Dostoyevsky.
name given to Jim Smiley’s horse. An old and rather sickly animal, The Fifteen-Minute Nag was used by Jim in many of his bets.
Jim Smiley: Jim Smiley is the focus of Simon Wheeler’s
Characters
Andrew Jackson: Jim Smiley’s bull-pup, Andrew Jackson, was
used by Jim in various bets.
The Fifteen-Minute Nag :The Fifteen-Minute Nag is the
➢ “The Gilded Age”: “an age of extremes”— “of decline and progress, of poverty and dazzling wealth, of gloom and buoyant hope”.
➢ the railroad: It changed the way in which people lived and worked.
William Faulkner declared, “In my opinion, Mark Twain was the first truly American writer, and all of us since are his heirs, who descended from him.”
Definition and features:
➢ Realism: “nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material.” (W.D. Howells)
a. verisimilitude of details derived from observation b. representative in plot, setting and character c. an objective rather than an idealized view of human experience
Mark Twain was a great American humorist. A white linen suit and a cigar became his trademarks in public appearances.
Mark Twain
pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835-1910), American writer and humorist, whose best work is characterized by broad, often irreverent humor or biting social satire. Twain's writing is also known for realism of place and language, memorable characters, and hatred of hypocrisy and oppression.
Mark Twain (1835—1910), The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), Life on the Mississippi (1883).
Mark Twain
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835—1910)
H. L. Mencken declared, “Mark Twain was the true father of our national literature”
The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County
SETTING
“The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” takes place in the mid- to late 19th century, shortly after the California Gold Rush of 1849.
Background: Gold Rush
This story is set in the gold rush. In 1848, in California gold was discovered, a rapid movement of people to the newly discovered goldfield.
American Realism: Local Color
➢ local color, “an amalgam of romantic plots and realistic descriptions of things immediately observable: the dialects, customs, sights, and sounds of regional America”
批注本地保存成功开通会员云端永久保存去开通
Mark Twain
& “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”
Historical Background:
➢ the Civil War (1861—1864): “The industrial North had triumphed over the agrarian South, and from that victory came a society based on mass labor and mass consumption.”
(1876) The Adventures of Huckleberry
Finn (1884) Life on the Mississippi (1883)
Characteristics of Mark Twain’s works:
1. His works sum up the tradition of Western humor and frontier realism. 2. He writes about his people and his own life. 3. His greatest achievement on literature is his use of the dialect and his portrayal of the locale.
California was a world of men, isolated, homesick, and eager for entertainment.
Gambling was one of the easiest and most popular ways to amuse themselves.
Bret Harte,“The Outcasts of Poker Flat”, “Tennessee’s Partner”
Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin Mary E. W. Freeman, “A New England Nun” Kate Chopin, The Awakening Mark Twain
The Easterners had a reputation for being civilized, cultured, and advanced; whereas the Westerners were considered to be lesseducated, less-refined and easy to be deceived.
Mark Twain’s works:
The celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County (1865) Innocents Abroad Age (1873) The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
5. After marriage he moved to New England and then gradually became a famous writer.
6. His late life was a tragedy. (failure of investment, death of his wife and two daughters
Mark Twain’s Life:
Life
1. Mark Twain is the pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens. “Mark Twain” means “two fathom’s depth of navigable water”.
2. He lived in a town named Hannibal along the Mississippi when he was a child. His life experience in the town was used in his famous novels.