译林版英语8A unit 1 reading(原文+知识点+习题))

英语的简单句有五种基本句型：
主＋谓；主＋谓＋宾；主＋系＋表；主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾；主＋谓＋直宾＋宾补。

掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

Friend
Betty is one of my best friends.She is slim and has short hair. Betty is generous.She is willing to share things with her friends. She is also helpful and ready to help people any time.She helps me with my homework and she always gives her seat on the bus to someone in n eed.Betty has a good voice.She wants to be a
singer when she grows up.
My best friend is Max. He is the tallest boy in our class-almost 1.75 metres.
He wears small,round glasses.They make him look smart.Max has a goo d sense of humour.He tells funny jokes and always makes me laugh.I ne ver feel bored with him.Max’s legs are very long.They do not fit well under his desk.When he walks p ast our desks,he often knocks our books and pens onto the floor.Max is so interesting!
May is my best friend.She is shorter than I am.She has big,bright eyes a nd long,straight hair.Everyone thinks she is pretty.
May is sweet.She smiles often and never says a bad word about anyone.
May is a true friend.When something worries me,I can always go to her.
I can tell her anything because she can keep a secret.
1. Betty is one of my best friends. 贝蒂是我最好的朋友之一。

one of +复数，……之一，one of +形物/the + adj.最高级+名词复数，意为“最……之一”
one of the biggest countries最大的国家之一
one of his best paintings他最好的作品之一
翻译：李雷是我们班最高的男生之一。

马铃薯是我最喜欢的蔬菜之一。

2. She is willing to share things with her friends.她愿意和她的朋友们分享东西。

be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事=be ready to do sth
share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物
翻译：杰克乐意帮我打扫房子。

她总是和我们分享她的故事书。

3. She always gives her seat on the bus to someone in need. 她总是在公共汽车上把座位让给有需要的人。

give one’s seat to sb.给某人让座
someone in need 有需要的人
(be) in (great) need of sth. (急)需要某物
翻译：
鲍勃经常帮助那些有需要的人。

这个贫困家庭急需要钱。

4. She wants to be a singer when she grows up.她长大后想成
为一名歌手。

when引导的时间状语从句（if引导的条件状语从句）通
常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，主句常用一般将来时，
即“主将从现”。

翻译：
如果明天不下雨，他将去钓鱼。

爸爸没告诉我他什么时候来。

当他来时，我会给你打电话。

1.形容词
(1)形容词的比较级
一般：
1）大多数形容词后加-er/-est
clever---cleverer----cleverest
2）以不发音字母e结尾的形容词加-r/-st
fine---finer----finest
3）以辅音字母加y结尾，先把y改成i，然后再加-er/-est
healthy---healthier----healthiest(happy,sunny,easy,heavy,busy,early,lucky.. ..)
4）以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，先双写最后一个辅音字母，然后再加-er/-est
big--bigger---biggest(fat,sad,wet,red,thin,slim,hot....)
5）部分双音节单词和多音节单词，在原级前加more/most
lovely--more lovely--most lovely
(slowly,tired,interesting,famous,beautiful,important.....)
不一般：
原级比较级最高级
good / well better best
bad / ill worse worst
many / much more most
little less least
far farther, further farther, further
old older, elder oldest, eldest
（2）比较级前的修饰语
still, even, any, quite(a bit), almost, nearly, just, rather；a little, a bit；much, a lot, far, many
（3）形容词的比较等级—常见句型
① A=B
A+ V + as + adj./adv. + as + B （与。

一样）
He is as tall as I/me. 他和我一样高。

He is as good a teacher as his father.他和他的父亲一样是个好教师。

②A≠ B
A + V + not + as/so + adj./adv. + as +
B （与。

不一样）
They didn’t do as much work as you did. 他们干得事没有你多。

I’ve never seen as old a car as this.我从来没有见过像这样旧的车。

③A > B 或A < B
A + V + 比较级+ than +
B （比。

<更>。

）
Tom is two years older than his brother. 汤姆比他的弟弟大两岁。

Our classroom is bigger than theirs. 我们的教室比他们的大。

④表示倍数
A + V + twice/four times/… + as + adj./adv. + as + B（A是B的两倍/四倍/…）
This room is twice as large as that one. 整个房间是那房间的两倍大。

The earth is 49 times as big as the moon.地球是月球的49倍大。

⑤表示程度的递增
主语+ V + 比较级+ and+比较级(…越来越…)
主语+ V + more and more+ +adj./adv. (…越来越…)
The days are getting shorter and shorter.白天变得越来越长了。

Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家变得越来越美了。

⑥表示两种情况同时变化
The+ 比较级+ 主语+ V + …，the+ 比较级+ 主语+ V + …(…越…越…)
The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.=If we get together more, we’ll be happier.
我们聚得越多，我们就会越高兴。

The harder you study, the better you’ll be at English.= If you study h arder, you’ll be better at English.
你学习越努力，你的英语成绩越好。

⑦ 主语+ be +one of the+ 最高级+ n.(pl.) + in/of… (…是最…之一)
Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China.北京是中国最古老的城市之一。

⑧ 主语+ V。

+ the+ 最高级+ in/of… (…最…)
Ann studies hardest of all the girls in our class.安妮是我们班学习最用功的学生之一。

⑨ 主语+ V。

+ the+ 比较级+ of the two… (…<两者中>较…的)
Lily is the taller of the twins.莉莉是这两个双胞胎中较高的那个。

⑩主语+ V。

+ 比较级+ than + any other +n. (单数) + in… (…比任何其他的更…)
主语+ V。

+ 比较级+ than + any of the other +n. (复数) + in…(…比任何其他的更…)
He is taller than any other student in his class.他比他班级中其他的任何学生高。

= He is taller than any of the other students in his class.
= He is the tallest students in his class.
11A+ V + more/ fewer + 可数名词复数+ than B …(A比B 做更多、更少。

)
A+ V + more/ less + 不可数名词复数+ than B …(A比B 做更多、更少。

)
Jhon studies more subjects than Nancy.
Jhon比Nancy学更多科目。

Students in the USA have more weeks off in the summertime than British students.
在夏天美国学生比英国学生有更多周不上课。

12. A+ V + the same （size/ colour/ age...）as + B （A与B一样）My uniform is the same as Simon’s uniform. 我的校服和Simon的校服一样.
Millie’s pencil box is the same size as Amy’s pencil box. 我的铅笔盒和Amy的铅笔盒一样大。

A+ V + different from + B （A与B不一样）
Kitty’s rubber is different from Simon’s rubber. Kitty的橡皮和Simon的橡皮不一样。

Try：
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.This book is not as ________（interest）as that one.
2. Betty looks much __________(slim) than before.
3. Dad, you are carrying the ________ (heavy) bag of the three.
4. Do you think the film is a good one? ---Yes, I think it is the _______ (good) film this year.
5. Who is the ______ (busy) in your family? ----My mother is. She is always as _____ (busy) as a bee.
二、单项选择
6. ----Our school bus will leave at 8 O’clock tomorrow. Don’t be late.
----OK. I’ll be there ten minutes_______.
A. sooner
B. slower
C. faster
D. earlier
7. ---How _____ the song sounds! I have never heard a better one.
A. beautifully
B. sweet
C. well
D. bad
8. --- I think English is as ______ as maths.
--- I agree with you.
A. more interesting.
B. most interesting
C. the most interesting
D. interesting
9. My grandpa told a good story, but I told a ________ one.
A. good
B. better
C. best
D. worse
10. _______ careful you are, _______mistakes(错误) you’ll make。

A. The more; the fewer
B. The fewer; the more
C. The more; the more
D. The less; the less
11. Of the two skirts, I’d like to choose the ______ one to save some money for a cap.
A. cheapest
B. cheaper
C. more expensive
D. most expensive
12. Shanghai is bigger than _______ in Jiangsu.
A. any other city
B. any city
C. all the other cities
D. all the city
13.--- Tom, what do you think of the school?
--- Oh, no other school is ______ in the city. It’s ______ one.
A. better, a better
B. the best, the best
C. better, the best
D. the best, a better
14. ---Helen, can I wear jeans and a T-shirt to the school talent show?
--- OK, but a dress might be ________.
A. good
B. bad
C. better
D. worse
15. --- Which girl is your cousin, Jacky?
--- ______ one of the two is my cousin. She is called Betty.
A. The tall
B. The tallest
C. The better
D. A taller
16. Boris has a good brain. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _____ IQ.
A. a high
B. a higher
C. the higher
D. the highest
17.--- I really like to watch the TV program I AM A SINGER.
--- Me, too. It’s one of the ______ TV programs I’ve ever seen.
A. more boring
B. least interesting
C. most boring
D. most interesting
18. Mo Yan is one of _______ writers in the world.
A. famous
B. more famous
C. most famous
D. the most famous
19. Which city is_____ like Suzhou, Paris, Sydney_____ London?
A. more; and
B. much; or
C. most; and
D. most; or
20. Nanjing isn’t so large ______ Shanghai. However, it’s the second ______ city in East China.
A. like; largest
B. as; largest
C. like; large
D. as; large
2.One of +adj最高级+n复数
Eg：XMJ is one of the excellent students in her class.
3.Maybe（adv）和may be（情态+v）
may的用法
一、表示许可或征求对方的许可，有“可以”的意思。

例如：
You may go now.你可以走了。

May I use your computer?我用一下你的电脑可以吗？
二、回答以may开头的疑问句有如下表达法：
-May I smoke here?我可以在这儿抽烟吗？
-Yes,you may./Yes,please.请抽吧。

-No,you can't./No,you mustn't./No,you'd better not.请不要抽烟。

三、表示猜测，通常只用于陈述句。

例如：
You may be right.你可能是对的。

四、在口语中can 可以代替may 表示许可，但can 较随便，may 更正式。

例：
Can I use your bike, John? 约翰，我可以用一下你的自行车吗？
May I have a look at your license please, sir? 先生，我可以看一下你的执照吗？
4.because 和because of
Eg:我们没做早操，因为下大雨。

5.have problems (in) doing sth
6.在表示征求意见、希望得到对方肯定答复的句子（疑问句）里，some/something不需要改成any/anything，，
Do you want ()
Can I have ()to drink , please?
Can I have()more food too?
What/How about ()milk?
Try:
( )Eddie, can I have _________, please?
A. something drinking
B. anything to drink
C. something to drink
D. anything drinking ( )I have a friend __________ Millie.
A. call
B. to call
C. called
D. calling ( )I have _____________ to tell you.
A.anything interesting
B. something interesting
C. interesting nothing
D. interesting something
( )I’m hungry, Mum. I want _____ to eat.
A. everything
B. anything
C. something
D. nothing ( )I want ___ you ____ my English teacher.
A .to tell, with B. to tell, about
C. telling, about
D. telling, to
( )There is a big cake. ______ share it.
A. May be we can
B. We may be
C. Maybe we can
D. Maybe can we
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