冠词和介词

冠词

Ⅰ. 不定冠词(Indefinite Article) a / an的用法

1. 表示一类人或事物

e.g. A computer works more accurately than a human brain.

2. 表示人的身份或事物的性质

e.g. What is he? He’s an artist.

3. 泛指

e.g. Give me a pen, please.

4. 表示数量，有“一”的意思

e.g. There is a beautiful garden behind the house.

5. 用在一些习惯用语中：

e.g. have a good time, in a hurry, have a break, for a while, a pair of, have a look, with a

smile, take an active part in etc.

Ⅱ. 定冠词(Definite Article) the的用法

1. 再次提到的人或物前

e.g. I have a cat and a dog. The cat is white and the dog is brown.

2. 特指

e.g. The lady in black is our English teacher.

3. 谈话双方共指的事物

e.g. Excuse me. Where is the bank?

4. 在形容词最高级前

e.g. The Nile is the longest river in the world.

5. 序数词前

e.g. Our classroom is on the third floor.

6. 宇宙中独一无二的事物

e.g. The sun is far bigger than the earth.

7. 江河、海洋或山脉前

e.g. The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.

8. 方位前

e.g. Pudong is in the east of Shanghai.

9. 乐器前

e.g. I practice the piano every day.

10. 形容词前表示一类人

e.g. We should help the poor.

11. 用在一些习惯用语中：

e.g. in the morning, the day after tomorrow, listen to the radio, at the moment, go to the

beach, by the way etc.

Ⅲ. 一般不用冠词的情况(Zero Article)

1. 学科名称前

e.g. We study maths, Chinese, English and so on.

2. 日期或节日前

e.g. December 25th is Christmas Day.

3. 月份或星期前

e.g. I was born in July.

4. 在this, those, my, whose, next, last, some, any, every, each等词前

e.g. We’re going to have a picnic this coming Saturday.

5. 不可数名词、如物质名词和抽象名词前

e.g. Snow is white.

6. 一日三餐前

e.g. What do you have for breakfast?

7. 球类运动前

e.g. We play football after school every day.

8. 称呼、头衔或职务前

e.g. What can I do for you, madam?

9. 某些不用冠词的固定词组：

e.g. by train / motorcycle, at night, after class, at home, in trouble, go to church etc.

基本训练：

Ⅰ. 选择最恰当的答案：

1. _________ lady over there is _________ professor of physics.

A. A, the

B. The, an

C. The, a

D. The, the

2. I hear that some Germans saw ________ UFO the other day, and _________ egg-like UFO landed near a river.

A. an, an

B. an, the

C. a, an

D. a, the

3. ________ old man in brown is _________ university professor.

A. An, a

B. An, /

C. The, an

D. The, a

4. My parents usually go out for ________ walk after __________ supper.

A. a, a

B. /, /

C. a, the

D. a, /

5. After school children usually play __________ basketball for half ________ hour on the playground.

A. the, the

B. /, an

C. / , the

D. the, an

6. Both Kate’s classroom and the teacher’s office are on _________ third floor.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

7. The old lady teaches children to play _________ piano at a weekend school.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

8. Sometimes they cook it over _________ open fire.

A. an

B. a

C. /

D. the

9. The Special Olympics was held successfully in ___________ China.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

10. This is _________ excellent school. Many students want to come here to study.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

11. Tom is studying in __________ university in _________ United States, isn’t he?

A. a, /

B. an, /

C. a, the

D. the, the

12. People like to see films on ________ TV instead of going to __________ cinema.

A. the , the

B. / , the

C. the, /

D. / , /