最新最全却最简洁最重点的英美文学考试重点教学文案

一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)

1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒)

2、代表作:The Song of Beowulf (national epic民族史诗)metaphor alliteration。

3、Angles, Saxons and Jutes.

二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350)

1、The Roman Conquest: In 1066, the Duke of Normandy William led the Norman army to invade England. The result of this war was William became the king of England. After the conquest, feudal system was established in English society. Chivalry was introduced by the Normans into England. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight头韵

2、传奇ramances：描写骑士的冒险精神和典雅爱情文学。seek adventures , fighting for his lord in battle,humility,honor,sacrifice,brave,honesty,love with women

三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400)（反封建、反教会、追求个性自由）

1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父

2、purely English(the London dialect伦敦方言)

3、heroic couplet英雄双韵体

4、Writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity.

5、代表作：The Canterbury Tales (英国文学史的开端)

内容：The pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups.

特点：Each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. The story was endowed with what medieval romance

lacked-interest of character as well as incident.

观点：He believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions and a blind belief in fate.

主要故事: ①The Knight’s Tale ②The Pardoner’s Tale ③The Merchant’s Tale

④The Wife of Bath

四、The Renaissance (16世纪)

1、背景：14-17century,a period of the breaking of feudal relations and the establishing the foundations of capitalism. New monarchy. It is a revival of classical arts and sciences.

2、主要文学成就：

Poetry: Wyatt: first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.

Sidney Spenser: the poet’s poet.

Drama: Marlowe: blank verse(无韵诗) the principal vehicle of expression in drama. . William Shakespeare(1564-1616)

Novels:John Lyly Thomas Loge Thomas Nashe

Essays /prose: Francis Bacon(1561-1626)、Thomas More(1478-1535)

3 works of shakespeare:37palys ,tow narrative poems and 154sonnets

First period (1590-1600):comdies: <As You Like It>皆大欢喜; <Twelfth Night>第十二夜; <A Midsummer Night’S Dream>仲夏夜之梦; <Merchant Of Venice>威尼斯商人

Second period(1601—1608):tragedies<Hamlet>哈姆莱特; <Othello>奥赛罗; <King Lear>李尔王; <Macbeth>麦克白

Third period(1609—1612)histories

Lyric poem:Three quatrain and one couplet, ababcdcdefefgg

Sonnet 18:

Theme：The poet writes beautifully on the conventional theme that his poetry will bring eternity to the one he loves and eulogizes.

Sonnet 29:

Theme：①The poet complains of his own miseries and dissatisfaction in life and then becomes happy upon the thought of the one he loves. ②Here Shakespeare is supposed to reveal his own thoughts and feelings, especially in the first octet.

The character of Hamlet:

①Hamlet was a humanist, a man who is from medieval prejudices and superstitions.

②Starting from his humanist love of man, he turns to those around him with the same eagerness.

③His intellectual genius is outstanding.

④Hamlet’s melancholy is not the negative, hair-splitting and fruitless kind. It is rather the result of his penetrating habit of mind.

五、The Period of Revolution and Restoration (17C)

1、文学特点concerned with the tremendous social upheavals, influence by puritan. 光荣革命意义the supremacy of parliament, beginning of modern England,final triumph of the political liberty

2、代表人物：

①John Donne“metaphysical poets玄学

A. Metaphysical poetry is characterized by: verbal wit, irregular rhythms, ingenious structure and strange images or “conceits奇喻”.a kind of metaphor that makes a comparison between two different things.

B. A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning

意象:compasses、golden beaten(金箔)union of body and soul,physically and spiritually

②John Milton

The indomitable Puritan sprit finds its noblest expression in him.

诗歌：Paradise Lost失乐园freedom knowledge oppose to monarchy Paradise Regained复乐园

戏剧：Samson Agonistes力士参孙

Shorter poems: L‘Allegro Il Penseroso ;Lycidas Comus

Principal pamphlets: Areopagitica: attacks the censorship of the press and appeals for the freedom of the press

Eikonoklaste: justifies the execution of Charles I

Defense for the English People: a defense of the Commonwealth and Revolution Sonnet: On His Deceased Wife(唯一的爱情诗) On His Blindness

③John Bunyan(1628-1688)班扬:The Pilgrim’s Progress

④John Dryden(1631-1700):critic、poet、playwright

六、The Age of Enlightenment (18世纪)

1、文学特点：The main literary stream of the 18th century was realism. The 18th century was an age of prose. Novel writing made a big advance in this century. In this