裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记 第09课精排

裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记第09课精排
本课介绍：本课包含2部分，分别为单词学习，时间状语介词（本课重点）、对疑问句的两种不同的否定回答，请同学们仔细阅读学习。

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1.welcome
1) interj 迎接时打招呼用语
eg. Welcome! Come in please. 欢迎！请进！
eg. Welcome home. 欢迎回家。

eg. Welcome back. 欢迎回来。

eg. Welcome to China.
eg. Welcome to Beijing.
2) n. 接待，欢迎，相当于：greeting, reception
a cold welcome 冷遇
a warm welcome 热烈欢迎
3) adj 受欢迎的，令人愉快的
a welcome change 受欢迎的改变
welcome news 受欢迎的消息，令人愉快的消息
4) 欢迎，迎接(greet)
eg. The clock refused to welcome the new year. 大钟拒绝迎接新年。

eg. The children flew to welcome their mother. 孩子们飞奔着去迎接妈妈。

1)You are welcome. （用作答谢的客套话）
2.crowd
crowd n. a large number of people gathered together
the crowd 人们，人群
eg. He pushed his way through the crowd. 他挤过人群。

a large crowd of people 一大群人
eg. There was a crowd of 20000 people at the football match. 在足球赛上有20000多人。

crowded adj. 拥挤的
a crowded train 拥挤的火车
crowd （口）伙伴
the college crowd 大学同学，大学伙伴
in crowds 成群地
raise oneself above the crowd 出类拔萃
3.gather
1) v. 聚集
collect together, come together in one place
eg. A crowd soon gathered. 一群人立刻聚了起来。

eg. The clouds speedily gathered again. 很快乌云又密布了。

eg. Gather round and I'll tell you a secret. 大家聚过来，我告诉你们一个秘密。

2) 获知，推测
eg. I gathered from her remarks that she wasn't satisfied with her job.
我从她的评论得知她对工作并不满意。

3) 把衣服裹在身上
eg. She gathered a shawl around herself. 她把披肩围在身上。

shawl [ʃɔ:l] （女用）披肩，围巾
4.hand
1) 手
the back of the hand 手背
lend a child by the hand 牵着一个孩子
give sb a hand 帮某人一个忙
raise one's hand 举手
shake hands 握手
wave one's hand 挥手
wash one's hands 洗手；洗手不干
2) 指针
the minute hand 分钟
the hour hand 时针
the second hand 秒针；二手的
3) 方向，侧
eg. I see a school on my right/left hand. 我在右/左手边看到一所学校。

on the one hand, on the other hand 一方面，另一方面
get the upper hand of 占…上风
hand and foot 手脚一起；完全地
tie a person hand 五花大绑
hand to hand 短兵相接
show one's hand (to) 摊牌
on all hands 四面八方
shout 因愤怒或为引起注意而喊叫
shout at sb 对…大喊大叫（不礼貌）
shout to sb 对…大声喊（使听见）
eg. I had to shout to make myself heard. 我只得喊，以使大家听见。

cry （痛苦、惊讶等的自然反应）发出尖利的声音
scream （痛苦、恐惧或激动）而喊叫（大而尖利的声音）
5.refuse vt. [ri'fju:z]
refuse sth 拒绝
refuse a gift 拒收礼物
refuse an offer 拒绝给予
refuse an invitation 拒绝邀请
refuse one's help 拒绝某人帮助
refuse to do 拒绝去做
eg. The clock refused to welcome the New Year. 那只大钟拒绝迎接新年。

eg. The car refused to start. 这车发动不起来。

eg. The boy refused to lend me his dictionary 这个小孩拒绝借给我字典。

refuse sb 拒绝某人
eg. They refused him admittance. 他们把他拒之门外。

admittance [æd'mɪtns] n.允许进入(或加入)权
refuse vt. [ri'fju:z]
refuse ['refju:s] n. [U] 垃圾，废物
excuse [iks'kju:z] (v.) 原谅
excuse [iks'kju:s] (n.) 借口
accent [æk'sent] (v.) 重读
accent ['æksənt] (n.) 重音
conduct [kən'dʌkt] (v.) 指挥，控制
conduct ['kɔndʌkt] (n.) 行为
ugh v. 笑，大笑
eg. He who laughs last laughs best. 笑在最后，笑得最好。

laugh at danger 等闲视之
比较：
laugh 笑，大声笑
smile 微笑
grin [ɡrin] 露齿而笑
guffaw [gə'fɔ:] 捧腹大笑，哄笑，大笑（贬）
sneer [sniə] 嘲笑；冷笑
giggle ['ɡiɡl] 咯咯地笑
chuckle ['tʃʌkl] 低声吃吃地笑；轻声地笑
laugh v. 笑，大声笑
laugh at sb 取笑，讥笑
laugh to oneself 独自发笑
smile at sb 对…微笑
make fun of sb 捉弄
can't help laughing 忍不住大笑起来
can't help crying 忍不住放声大哭
laughter ['lɑ:ftə] n. 笑，笑声
a home full of laughter 充满笑声的一个家庭
laughing adj. 快乐的，好笑的
eg. It's no laughing matter. 这不是什么好笑的事情。

laughing stock 笑柄
7.引导时间状语的介词
in/on/at/during/till与until
1、用in的时间短语有：
①表示一天中的某段时间：in the morning；in the afternoon；in the evening
②表示周、月份、年份：in a week；in January；in Feb；in 1992
③表示季节：in summer；in spring；in autumn；in winter
in+表示时间长度的短语可以表示“在某段时间之内”，这时可以与现在时、过去时或将来时连用，一般与完成某动作有关；还可译为“……时间之后”，一般与将来时连用。

根据时态判别in 表示的含义
in twenty minutes' time 20分钟之后
We will finish class in half an hour.
2、用on的时间短语有：
①表示星期：on Monday；on Friday
②表示日期：on June 1st；on 23rd March（在书写日期时没有冠词，但在口语中则分别读为：on June the
first；on the 23rd of March）
③表示星期+日期：on Monday, June 1st
④表示具体时间：on Wednesday evening；on fine afternoon；on that day
3、用 at 的时间短语有：
①表示确切的时间：at five to twelve；at ten o'clock
②表示用餐时间：at lunch/dinner time；at teatime
③表示其他时刻：at night；at noon；at midnight；at that time
4、during在……期间，后必须跟一个名词，可以指整个一段时间，有时可以用in替代
He has phoned four times during the last half hour.
I met him sometime during the week.（不能用in代替）我是在这一周的某天遇到他的。

during the holiday 强调假期的从头到尾
He enjoyed himself during his holiday.
in the holiday 强调这段时间其中某一点时间, 并不表示自始至终
I was caught in an accident in the holiday.
5、from…till…指一段明确的时间：
The tourist season runs from June till October.
6、until prep.&coin. 直到……时候，直到什么时候为止, 直到什么时候才
until主句和从句两个都用一般过去时对(最习惯的一种用法), 主句和从句任何一个用过去完成是也对
I can't enter for the sports meeting until tomorrow.
I had not understood the problem until he explained it.
We hadn't disturbed him until he finished work.
We didn't disturb him until he had finished work.
We didn't disturb him until he finished work.(更习惯于这种用法)
7、from…to…
Everyday we have English class from 8:30 to 11:30
关于时间表示方法 : What’s the time?/What time is it?
A整点 : A o’clock
A点 B 分（B<30）: A B / B past A
A点15分 : A fifteen / fifteen past A / a quarter past A
A点30分 : A thirty / half past A
A点B分(B>30) : A B / (60-B) to (A+1)
A点45分 : A forty-five / a quarter to (A+1) / fifteen to (A+1)
8.对疑问句的两种不同的否定回答：Is there any tea in the pot?
There isn't any tea in the pot.
or: There's no tea in the pot.
Is there anyone at the door?
There isn't anyone at the door.
or: There's no one at the door.
Is there anybody at the door?
There isn't anybody at the door.
or: There's nobody at the door.
Is there anything in the box.
There isn't anything in the box.
or: There's nothing in the box.
Did you go anywhere yesterday?
I didn't go anywhere yesterday.
or: I went nowhere yesterday.
Exercise: 用两种不同的方式来对以下疑问句作出否定回答：
1. Have you any money?
No, I don't have any money.
No, I have no money.
2. Did you go anywhere in the holidays?
No, I didn't go anywhere in the holidays.
No, I went no where in the holidays.
3.Did you buy anything this morning?
No, I didn't buy anything this morning.
No, I bought nothing this morning.
4. Was there anybody present when the accident happened? No, there wasn't anybody present when the accident happened. No, there was nobody present when the accident happened. Exercise: 用no来改写以下句子
1. He hasn't any hobbies.
He has no hobbies.
2. He does not go anywhere
He goes nowhere.
3.He does not see anybody.
He sees nobody.
4. He is not interested in anything except food.
He is interested in nothing except food.
小结：not any 换成no，含义不变。