【中考英语复习之语法过关(牛津译林版)】课时01 名词 冠词(学生版)

第一课时名词、冠词

1.名词

名词是历年中考的重要考点，常常出现在完形填空、语法填空题型中。名词部分主要考查： ①名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数) ①名词和冠词的搭配 ①抽象名词的具体化 ①名词的词性变化①名词的词义辨析

1.(1)规则变化

①以－o 结尾的下列名词要加－es ：“黑人英雄爱吃土豆、西红柿”，即Negroes ，heroes, potatoes ，tomatoes 。

①以－f 或－fe 结尾的名词需要把f 或fe 去掉，加－ves ：“为了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和树叶站在架子上，把狼劈成两半”，即selves ，lives ，thieves ，wives ，knives ，leaves ，shelves ，wolves ，halves 。 (2)不规则变化

但是没有起作用的。

1.－’s ’s 或’；表示共同的所有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加－’s 或’。 ①表示店铺、办公室或某人的家时，名词所有格后被修饰的名词一般省略。 Tom’s and Jim’s rooms 汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间 Tom and Jim’s room 汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间 at the barber’s 在理发店

2．of 所有格：无生命的事物的名词通常用of 所有格表示所有关系；名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of 所有格。 the content of the novel 小说的内容

the name of the girl over there 那边那位女孩的名字

3．双重所有格：“名词＋of ＋名词所有格”或“名词＋of ＋名词性物主代词”。 a play of Shakespeare’s 莎士比亚的一个戏剧

a photo of mine我的一张照片

随堂练习

考点1名词辨析

①.单项选择

1.—We can always find something good in a bad if we look for it.

—It’s so true. Let’s make full use of what comes.

A.situation

B.direction

C.instruction

petition

2.Yuan Longping was a world-famous scientist. Because of his achievements, rice has been increased greatly.

A.population

B.contribution

C.production

D.introduction

3.The landing of China’s rover(登陆车) Zhurong on Mars shows China has made great in space exploration.

A.progress

B.project

C.product

D.protection

4.Yuan Longping and his team have solved the problem of for many people.

A.hunger

B.health

C.pollution

D.population

5.Mr. Huang was born in Nanjing, but Suqian has become his second .

A.family

B.house

C.village

D.hometown

6.—Have you decided what to write about Gulliver in Lilliput in the report?

—I’m not sure. Maybe I need to read some about it before writing.

A.reasons

B.rewards

C.results

D.reviews

7.Maria is always full of because she takes exercise every day.

A.energy

B.talent

C.humour

D.wealth

8.—We have entered a world where robot operations become true with 5G technology.

—Hard to believe! Scientists are full of which leads to great changes in our life.

A.attraction

B.invention

C.position

D.contribution

9.—I’m not sure what to write about The Secret Garden in the report.

—You should read some about the book before writing.

A.reviews

B.reasons

C.results

D.rewards

10.The boy has been missing for five days and his parents are worried about his .