牛津上海版优质中考冲刺基础讲义1(词转 五选四 阅读C) 学生版

对于作文这个版块，140分+的分数段要求学生重点练习文章的流畅性，运用一些好的词组以及句式。

作文最好的练习就是在课堂上进行当堂写当堂评讲，所以在课堂上要留出充分的时间。

作文：My school life is __________
学生开头：
My school life is full of happiness
修改：Speaking of my school life, I always think it is meaningful and interesting.
（学生原来的词太过宽泛和概括性，需要避虚就实）
学生结尾：
How wonderful my school life is!
修改：So wonderful is my school life that I enjoy it so much.
（结尾可以运用一些特殊句式，让文章的句式看上去更丰富一些）
学生提纲：
1. I can play basketball with others.
2. I can make many friends.
3. I can learn much knowledge.
修改：
1.Many activities in my school, such as playing basketball, swimming, are popular among us.
2. I always spend time with my friends.
3. Learning knowledge from the teachers is another reason to love my school life.
（学生原本的句式比较简单，都是I can do sth的句型，句型太过单一，可以尝试不同的句型，把文章变得生动一些。

）
1.强调句It is+被强调的部分+that/who...
2.倒装句So/ Such...that...部分倒装
3.排比句Better habit, better life.
4.定语从句
5.状语从句连词的使用
语法专题知识梳理
知识点1：冠词
1)分清泛指特指
2) a/ an
元音字母，以辅音音素开头
辅音字母，以元音音素开头
字母U的特殊情况
3)冠词在词组短语里的使用
4)注意一些冠词固定搭配的区别
in hospital(在住院)；in the hospital(在医院)
at table(吃饭，用餐)；at the table(在桌旁)
go to college(上大学)；go to the college(去那所大学)
in front of(在某个范围之外的前面)；in the front of(在某个范围之外的前面) take place(发生)；take the place(代替)
1.Frank is now on a diet because he wants to lose weight.
A) a B) an C) the D) /
2.Jane is going to ___________ movies with he r parents this weekend.
6. Mike ________ in his bedroom when his mother came back home.
A) sings B) sang C) is singing D) was singing
7. —I phoned you this morning, but you weren’t in. Where were you at that time? (虹口)
— I ________ my foreign friends around Yu Garden.
A) showed B) am showing C) was showing D) would show
8. I felt very nervous on the plane because I ________ before. (虹口)
A) hadn’t flown B) haven’t flown C) didn’t fly D) wouldn’t fly
9. To his parents’ joy, Jack ________ a job as a manger in a bank yesterday. (虹口)
A) is offered B) was offered C) offered D) would offer
10. Just now we heard that Mr. Brown and his assistant ________ to Europe to take over the new job. (黄浦)
以下列举了常见的首字母易错点。

1.固定思维导致词性判断错误
The holiday’s upon us. After months of study, you have some time to yourself. So, why not read a book? Well, some people will say, ‘Why trouble with books? We have the Internet and other media(媒体) that offer a lot more colorful programs. Books are h 1 !”
2.不能联系上下文整体把握
“But the participation of little people in shadow play performances has actually promoted (促进，推广) the art. In addition, their child-like voices and bodies have attracted more audiences, especially kids, to watch and learn shadow play.”
For the little people, they are happy to find a new family b___5___ a career.
“I feel comfortable to be with my troupe members. Before I came here, I was lonely because I’m m___6___ shorter than others. Here I met many people who are the same as me. We play and study together. It’s great fun,” says 20-year-old
2. I haven’t seen you for a long time. You look much ________ (health).
3. Mom has bought a lot of ________ food from the supermarket nearby. (freeze)
4. The businessman looked _________ at the end of the meeting. (sadness)
5. The woman purchased a _________ of items at the market near her house. (vary)
6. I must make an ________ for losing my temper. (apologize)
1. Some adults think traveling by train is far _________ than by air.(enjoy)
2. According to the report, the _________ life on the ship is really full of fun.(sail)
3. To our great joy, Yang Liwei returned to the earth _________ after he traveled in space.(secure)
4. Once the jewels were safely locked up in the bank he had no more anxieties about their _________(secure)
考点解读
1、思维导图形式先呈现整体框架
2、重难点（讲解）—词性判断：
词性主要用法与句中位置例句
名词放句首作主语
动词或介词后作宾语
特点：代词或冠词后需用名词
Milk is my favourite drink.
We can’t live without air.
The boy wants to have a new bike.
动词放句中作谓语
放句中作主语
在介词后（动名词形式）
在另一动词后（非谓语形式）
The man enjoyed a wonderful night.
Making a plan is very important.
We are fond of playing football.
We hope to have another chance.
形容词
系动词后作表语
名词前作定语The little girl seems very excited. They bought an expensive car.
学法点睛
1. 首先判断词性
中考的选词填空由九选八改为两篇五选四，实质是降低了选择的难度。

因此在做选词填空的时候，应当先从词性的角度进行判断，将可能的词性筛选出来。

2.通过判断词形确定所填词或短语
判断出词性后，通过对该词的适当形式进行判断，也可以帮助解题：
动词
谓语非谓语
时态判断
各类非谓语搭配
to do、doing、do
形容词、副词
各种级的判断
原级比较级最高级
as…as
没有比较级或最高级
常用于比较级的短语：
常用于最高级的短
语：
的含义than,
much,
even
…of all the students, in the class, one of+最高级
…
名词
名词后有“s”名词后无“s”
可数名词复数单数名词或不可数名词
3.通过判断词义确定所填词或短语
词义判断在选词填空中，也是十分关键的。

因此，在中考复习中，需要加强对高频词汇的意义的积累。

平时在记忆单词时，要加强英译汉的训练。

掌握考纲单词以及词组的中文含义，根据上下文的情境，选择出合适的词语或短语。

一、首字母填空特点及中考趋势
首字母填空既考查学生对语法、词汇、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力，也考查了学生对文章的阅读理解能力。

其中，着重考查学生在具体的语境中运用语言知识的能力，根据文章内容进行合理的逻辑推断和分析概括的能力。

一般来讲，在考试中，七个首字母，会涉及到不同词性。

以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主，虚词为辅。

二、首字母填空答题步骤
（1）通读全文，了解大意
通读全文的目的是能够做到整体把握文章，迅速的了解文章大意，并且对文章的整体结构和中心思想有一个基本的了解。

通读全文时，不宜看一空填一空，以免造成所填答案不符合全文的要求。

（2）把握段首句
中考的首字母往往以议论文为主，而段落的开首句，往往揭示了整段的段意。

因此在考试中，把握好段首句，可以窥探到整段的全貌，以首句的时态，意义为立足点，可以方便我们判断整段的大意及主题。

（3）抓住关键词
文章的展开是按照一定的逻辑关系的，因此在文章中，作者也会使用一些关键的表现逻辑关系联词，例如：but、so、in addition等。

这些关键词，可以帮助我们联系上下文展开合理的逻辑分析，了解所提问的特定语境和语篇的内在关系。

（4）熟悉考纲词组的固定搭配
考纲搭配在中考的考查中占据了重要的位置，而在首字母中，也出现过直接考查固定搭配的情况，因此，在平时的学习过程中，需要巩固好考纲词组。

（5）联系上下文解题
在解题过程中，应当遵循“先易后难”的原则，当遇到解不出的题时，应当跳过。

首字母填空着重考查学生对上下文的理解，因此，很多情况下，随着下文的展开和文章的深入，前面填不出的词，在下文中会有提示。

因此，学生在作答时，应当加强联系前后文，充分利用上下文中的有效信息，确定答案。

（6）重读文章，检验答案
当全部答完后，一定要把文章重新读一遍。

查看文章是否通顺，语法是否有误。

如果发现有不顺畅的地方，则需要再进行推敲。

个别单词的形式要着重注意。

例如：名词是否要用复数，人称代词要注意主格、宾格或所有格，形容词、副词是否要用比较级、最高级，动词是否要变时态、语态或者非谓语形式等。

三、首字母填空答题技巧
实战演练
第一招：判断词性
1. H_______ is more important to me than money.
2.Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast d________ in Shanghai after his long absence from the city.
3.The sick man is getting ______. ( ill )
4.Patrick is going to be a(n) ______ when he grows up.(engine)
5. It‟s a ______ to have a picnic with all the members. （please ）
第二招：语言逻辑
就是利用上下文的意思与结构来填空，这个上下文可能是空格所处的那个句本身的前部分和后部分，也可能是空格前后的那个或那几句子，还有可能前后段落或对整篇文章的理解。

有时甚至还要结合常识进行简单的逻辑推理才能准确判断出该填哪个词。

兵器1、前后解释呼应
Remember that dogs need e . You should take it for a walk every day. Don’t keep your dog inside all day.
When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s ——buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigger one if your home is larger。

Alana was on a diet, but she didn't like it at all. She was not a 2 to eat her favourite food by the doctor.
兵器2、连词提示（转折、递进、因果等）
如果是两个分句，就要看两句之间的关系，根据意义考虑是并列、转折、因果还是递进，选择相应的连词。

Mum used to d 97 us to school, but now my sister and I have started riding our bikes to school.
We stopped taking long baths and had short showers i 95 .
【例1】（上海2019年阅读C篇）限时8分钟
At some time in your life, you might have a roommate. It is a good idea to share a flat, especially for students or people who have just finished school, because flats are usually expensive. And m_____86_____is not the only reason for having a roommate. Sharing a flat can be fun.
But life with a roommate can also be a t_____87_____experience. Some experts(专家) did a study of college students who shared a room. They found that students who had problems with their roommates were not happy at school and were more likely to get sick than other students. So, how can you l_____88_____with a roommate and enjoy it? Here is some advice:
Being roommates with a friend can be hard. Friends may be different when you stay with them all the time from when you don't see them very o_____89_____. So, before you plan to share a room with a friend, discuss the situation carefully.
If you decide to share a room with someone you don't know, talk to each other. It's important to be h_____90_____about your habits and things you hate.
When you move in with a roommate, make rules. Decide how you will share h_____91_____, such as cleaning, washing and shopping. Will you share food? Is it OK to have guests? And what about loud music?
Don't get angry at small things that your roommate does. Try to f_____92_____the unhappy things between you and your roommate. No one - including you- is perfect.
【例2】（上海2019年阅读C篇）限时8分钟
A school newspaper The Teens asked over one thousand teenagers how they spent their spare
time. Here they report the r_____81_____of the survey. It’s not at all surprising to learn that most
teens said they wanted more free time. Most have less than an hour a day for after-school activities.
P_____82_____activity was popular among both girls and boys, averaging between three to six hours a week. Favourite sports among girls were tennis, basketball and swimming. Boys said
they liked football, basketball and skating.
Speaking of entertainment, music and TV were popular. About half of those surveyed said that music was their favourite activity. This i_____83_____both listening to and playing music. TV was also very popular. Three quarters said they preferred watching TV to reading a book or magazine.
9.1 hope you'll have a good time during your stay in Hainan Island, Tim. (保持原句意思)
I hope you'll_________ _______ d uring your stay in Hainan Island, Tim.
10.How can I go to the nearest supermarket? Do you know? （合并为一句）
Do you know how ______ go to the nearest supermarket?
III. Complete the following passages with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。

每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次)：（共
8分）
A.specially
B. consist of
C. silent
D. environment
E. widely
Guide to the library in Feng Xian
The library in Feng Xian offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying __46___.
Zones
The library is divided into different zones. The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for ___47___ reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places ___48___ tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for ground work.
Computer
You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi __49___ prepared for notebook computers; you can also use applicants, such as Microsoft office. They are on the ground floor.
A.active
B. maps
C. allowed
D. books
E. anywhere
Group-study places
If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others. You can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up 6-8 people. All rooms are marked on the library ___50___.
There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked through website. To book, you need an ___51___ account and。