4.3增词法

• 5）He was fascinated by the political processes—the wheeling and dealing of presidential politics，the manipulating， releasing and leaking of news，the public and private talks. 一幕幕政治花招使他看入迷了：总统竞选 活动中的勾心斗角，尔虞我诈；对新闻消 息的幕后 幕后操纵、公开 公开发表和有意 有意透露，以 幕后 公开 有意 及公开和秘密的谈话。
• 4）In the films of those days，all too often it was the same one：boy tractor driver meets girls tractor driver；they fall in love and drive tractor together. 在那时的电影里，总是老一套；男拖拉机手和 女拖拉机手始而 始而相遇，继而 继而相爱，终而 终而并肩开 始而 继而 终而 拖拉机了。
• 2）There were no speeches, no foreign diplomats，no “ordinary Chinese” with paper flags and banquets of flowers.
• 2）There were no speeches, no foreign diplomats，no “ordinary Chinese” with paper flags and banquets of flowers。 没有发表 发表讲话，没有各国外Leabharlann Baidu官到场 到场，也没 发表 到场 有“中国老百姓”挥舞纸旗、花束的场面。
• 3）This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. 这部打字机真是价廉物美。 价 物
4.3 在抽象名词后增加名词
• • • • • • • to persuade to prepare backward tense arrogant mad antagonistic 说服 准备 落后 紧张 自满 疯狂 敌对 persuasion 说服工作 preparation 准备工作 backwardness 落后状态 tension 紧张状况 arrogance 自满情绪 madness 疯狂行为 antagonism 敌对态度
• 1）After all preparations were made ， the planes were flown across the U.S to San Francisco. 一切准备工作 工作就绪以后，飞机就飞越美国 工作 去旧金山。
• 1）A new kind of aircraft—small，cheap， pilotless—is attracting increasing attention. 一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注 意——它体积 体积小，价格 价格低，无人 无人驾驶。 体积 价格 无人
• 2）He is a complicated man—moody， mercurial，with a melancholy streak. 他是一个性格 性格复杂的人——喜怒无常，反复 性格 多变，还有些忧郁寡欢。
• 2）As she sat down and began talking，words poured out. 他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地 滔滔不绝地讲个没完。 滔滔不绝地
• 3）Tremaine sank down with his face in his hands. 屈里曼两手蒙着脸，一屁股 一屁股坐了下去。 一屁股
1）The crowds melted away. 2）As she sat down and began talking，words poured out. 3）Tremaine sank down with his face in his hands.
• 1）The crowds melted away. 人群渐渐 渐渐散开了。 渐渐
2 增加形容词 1）With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism. 2）The plane twisted under me，trailing flame and smoke. 3）O, Tom Canty，born in rags and dirt and misery，what sight is this！（Mark Twain）
• 3）Rostow was about to become，for lack of anyone or anything better，a very influential intellectual—the wrong man at the wrong place with the wrong idea. 因为找不到比他更合适的人，也没有更好的 办法，于是，罗斯托就要成为一个很有影响 的知识分子了，这真是在错误的地方任用 任用错 任用 误的人去实行他的错误主张。
4 增加名词 4.1 在不及物动词后面增加名词 英语中有些动词有时用作及物动词，有时 用作不及物动词；当它作为不及物动词时，宾 语实际隐含在动词后面，译成汉语时往往需要 把它表达出来。 To wash before meal To wash after getting up
1）Mary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia. 2）Day after day he came to his work— sweeping，scrubbing，cleaning. 3）First you borrow，then you beg. 4）The lieutenant Grub launched into the old recruiting routine，“See，save and serve！ Hannigan， free tour to all the ports in the world. A fine ship for a home. Three meals a day without charge…You must not let such a golden opportunity slip by.”
• 1）In the evening ，after the banquets，the concerts and table tennis exhibitions，he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. 晚上在参加 参加宴会、出席 出席音乐会、观看 观看乒乓球 参加 出席 观看 表演之后，他还得起草最后公报。
1）After all preparations were made ，the planes were flown across the U.S to San Francisco. 2) In the summer of 1969, the Administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China. 3) Profanity was tacitly given up.
• 3）Rostow was about to become，for lack of anyone or anything better，a very influential intellectual—the wrong man at the wrong place with the wrong idea.
1）With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism. 中国人民正在以多么高的 高的热情建设社会主 高的 义啊！
2）The plane twisted under me，trailing flame and smoke. （敌人的）飞机在下面螺旋下降，拖着浓烟 浓 烈焰掉了下去。
4.2 在形容词前增加名词 1）A new kind of aircraft—small，cheap， pilotless—is attracting increasing attention. 2）He is a complicated man—moody， mercurial，with a melancholy streak. 3）This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine.
因为找不到比他更合适的人也没有更好的办法于是罗斯托就要成为一个很有影响的知识分子了这真是在错误的地方任用错误的人去实行他的错误主张
第三节 增词法
•
增词法就是在翻译时按意义上（或修辞 上）和句法上的需要增加一些词来更忠实 通顺地表达原文的思想内容。 增加原文中虽无其词而有其意的一些词。
A．根据意义上或修辞上的需要 ． 1 增加动词 根据意义上的需要，可以在名词前后增加动 词。 • 1）In the evening ，after the banquets，the concerts and table tennis exhibitions，he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué.
• 1）Mary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia. 玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎去世后，就靠洗衣 衣 服维持生活。
• 2）Day after day he came to his work— sweeping，scrubbing，cleaning. 他每天来干活——扫地，擦地板 地板，收拾房间 房间。 地 地板 房间
3）O, Tom Canty，born in rags and dirt and misery，what sight is this！（Mark Twain） 啊，汤姆·康第，生在破烂、肮脏和苦难中， 现在这番景象却是多么煊赫 煊赫啊！ 煊赫
3 增加副词
• 根据原文的上下文，有些动词在一定场合可增加适当 的副词，才能确切表达原意。
4）In the films of those days，all too often it was the same one：boy tractor driver meets girls tractor driver；they fall in love and drive tractor together. 5）He was fascinated by the political processes—the wheeling and dealing of presidential politics，the manipulating， releasing and leaking of news，the public and private talks.
• 3）First you borrow，then you beg. 头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。 饭 钱
• 4）The lieutenant Grub launched into the old recruiting routine，“See，save and serve！Hannigan， free tour to all the ports in the world. A fine ship for a home. Three meals a day without charge…You must not let such a golden opportunity slip by.” 于是，格拉布上尉开始说起招兵的老一套了： “见见世面 世面，攒点钱，为国家 国家出点力！汉尼 世面 钱 国家 根，免费周游世界上所有的港口。一艘上好 的船为家，一天三餐不要钱。……你千万不 要错过这样的大好机会呀！”