2023年专四知识考点

2023年专四知识考点
●Test 1
●“She walk out of the house, followed by a little boy” 状语，表伴随状态
●On Sunday, there are a lot of children playing in the park, their parents seated together joking.
●Vision
●视力；视野
●憧憬；展望；向往
●scene
●人物活动的场面
●某一具体景物景象
●sight
●景观；名胜
●人造景观
●landscape
●（自然的）景观；景色；风景画
●desolate：荒凉的；荒芜的
●desirable:值得要的；令人满意的
●desperate：令人绝望的；极度渴望的
●delicate：棘手的；微妙的；精美的
●of no/little avail 无用的；毫无用处的
●
●Test 2
●My wife herself(同位语) has begun her own business.
●My aunt tried her best to rectify the situation, but the damage was already done.
●adjust:很小的“改变”或技术性的“调整、修理、”
●regulate:“控制，规范”“管制”
●rectify：彻底改动；通过整顿，修改来改正、修正
●amend:修改，改良，强调提高
●informative：提供信息的，增进知识的
●indicative：表示的，象征的
●initiative：主动的，自发的
●instructive：教育性的，有益的
●initial impression最初印象
●original owner原主人
●primitive tribes 原始部落
●primary school初级小学
●
●Test 3
●I saw a thief stealing something. 宾语补足语
●An important lecture to be given tomorrow, (原因状语)the professor has to stay up late into the light to prepare for it.
●paradox似是而非的说法，自相矛盾的结论
●insist on, adhere to, persist in , maintain
●exterior:外部的 external walls 外墙
●outer:外面（远的）
●outward:向外的
●
●Test 4
●“He said everything possible to help us ” the underlined word is used to modify the object 宾语
●More than one person is involve in this case. Many a lady is talking.
●The art exhibition was not as good as I had expected, I wish I hadn’t gone to it.
●Thereof 其中Thereafter其后，此后Thereby借此，由此Thereabouts在那附近，大约
●blow one’s own trumpet 自吹自擂
●is weaker than = can’t hold a handle with A比B差 is no better than几乎等于
●
●Test 5
●“What (the subject 主语)do you think will be discussed in the meeting this week?” 谓语的执行者
●Kate is no less diligent than her brother, but she didn’t pass the exam.
●not less than; not more than比较级
●no less than两者都，与…一样
●no more than两者都不
●For all his notable contributions, Tom remains modest and is willing to accept suggestions from others.
●让步从句用法。

for all结构可用来引导让步性短语，或跟that从句，表示“尽管，虽
然”
●alleviate (痛苦）减轻，缓和
●draw短语
●draw on 利用，动用
●draw in 将sb扯入sth
●draw up起草，草拟（文件）
●draw out （从银行）取款
●undesirable令人不快的
●words
●turbulently骚动地，冲突地
●tremendously极大地，极其
●triumphantly得意洋洋地
●tentatively试验性地，暂时地
●
●Test 6
●“His ambition to become an astronaut (the attribute后置定语）deserves our support.”
●条件句“should you see him，…” ————“If you should see him”
●“Who do you think is singing?”
●问句中有插入语“ do you think, say,guess,expect,suppose,believe,imagine,hope,suggest”
时，特殊句要用陈述语序。

●let one’s hair down = relax
●intricate复杂精细的，精致的，难懂的sophisticated复杂的，精密的，老练的～expertise 老练的专业知识
●words
●abide by安排，决定
●adhere to遵守法律规则
●conform to遵守法律规则
●comply with遵守，用于正式场合
●
●Test 7
●Which of the following infinitives(不定式) functions as an adverbial?
●A. Her chief desira is to educate her child well.表语
●B. He woke up to find everybody gone.
●C. I have nothing to say on this question.后置定语修饰nothing
●D. He asked me to talk about English study. me的宾语补足语
●for fear that + should + 动词原形虚拟语气
●Helen would have graduated with her class if she had been able to meet all of the course requirements in time.
●start arguments 开始争吵 divide labours 分工 make difficulties 提出反对
●indefinitely不确定地，无期限地infinitely无限地，无穷地
●Computer virus, whose essential component is a set of instructions.
●
●Test 8
●He can drive there in less than 20 minutes. 实际时间不可数
●Which of the following infinitives indicates CAUSE?
●A. He wept to see him in that condition.原因状语从句
●B.He picked up the phone to call his wife.目的
●C. She grew up to be a famous scholar.结果状语
●D. My wife used a knife to cut the cake.目的
●Even when stranded in the forest by storm, I still thought my journey interesting.主句主语要和从句逻辑一致
●It is said that every boy and girl in this school must have his hair cut short.
●Mike, together with his parents, （the parenthesis插入语）went camping last Sunday.
●The financial problem as well as other issues is going to be discussed.
●with, together with, along with , like, in addition to, as well as, as much as, rather than,
more than, no less than, except等连接的词组与前面的主语一致。

●pace来回踱步stroll漫步，闲逛strode大踏步走swing/along/past/by 轻松地走
●in the bag = sure to made 十拿九稳
●go blank 一片空白
●superior有优越感的，（等级、价值、军衔）级别高
●know only by sight仅见过面。

by heart 熟记于心
●
●Test 9
●“He has a wish to travel round the whole country.” 同位语
●such. 既可以作前位限定词，such a/an+单数可数名词。

也可作后位限定词
“all/many/other/another//some/any /no /one/two…+such…”
●“If you should need more than a week to take care of your baby…” should 所含的“万一、竟然发生”的假设含义
●No matter how frequently performed the works of Beethoven always attract large audience.句中存在被动关系，而且每一句强调将来to be performed或正在进行being performed 的意味。

●It’s no wonder you’ve got a headache when you drank so much last night. 这里的When不是时间状语从句连接词，而是相对于since，seeing，that，considering that 意为“既然，鉴于”
●on the rocks = bankrupt 破产
●common与on 和 about搭配，表示“对…的评论”
●reaction与to搭配，表示“对…的反应，对…的看法”
●impression和on搭配表示“给…的印象”，和of搭配表示“对…的印象”
●comprehension表示“理解力，了解”，可与of搭配，表示“对…的了解”
●
●fabricate“编造，虚构，伪造” ～an excuse编造借口
●fake“伪造，假装” to fake illness装病
●forge“伪造，仿造（钞票、文件、作品等）forge money
●pretend“假装，伪装”
●
●call off 喊走，取消活动，转移注意力
●call up打电话，传讯，征招入伍，使人回忆起
●call out 叫喊，命令行动，引出
●call over看望，探访，点名
●Several guests were waiting in the porch走廊 for the front door open. entry入口处通常指没有门的入口通道
●
●skating滑冰⛸️
●skidding车轮路面太滑而打滑
●sliding在光滑的表面上滑行，滑动
●slipping失足，滑倒
●Phil confidently forecast a big increase in sales, and he turned out to be right. assuredly “肯定地，自信地”，但一般只用于对自己（所要说的话）的信心
●
●intensify使增强，使加剧
●amplify放大（声音），进一步阐述（主题）
●enlarge“扩大，放大”，指体积，容积增长，也指抽象概念感兴趣、活动范围等的增
加。

●reinforce“加强，增强”
●
●Test 10
●All of the following italicized phrases express cause EXCEPT 要仔细看题
●A. He didn’t answer for fear of hurting her.
●B.He received worldwide praise for his scientific research.
●C.Tom almost lost his temper for losing his pet.
●D.They fight for national independence.✅
●The ill person asked the doctor for more sleeping pills.
●sick 和ill 作“生病的”讲时，均可放在系动词或者宾语之后做补语。

但位于名词前作
限定的用法，意为“生病的”时，只能用“sick”
●“It seems that his idea is more practical.”他的想法似乎更切合实际这句话的从句是the predicative clause表语从句。

表语从句通常跟在连系动词be，look，seem，appear，remain后面，说明主语是什么或者怎么样。

●Viewed from the top of the hill, the city takes the round shape with a flowing river through it. 被动关系，to be viewed是不定时的被动语态，常常表示将要进行的动作，用在此处不合适。

●Success in life does not depend so much on chance as on diligence and honesty. not so much…as 是一个固定结构，“与其说…..，不如说…..”
●A developing country usually receives more public aids than does a developed country. 倒装结构，does为receives的代动词，以避免重复。

A developing country usually receives more public aids than a developed country receives.
●The new folk song caught on really quickly.
●carry on继续进行，从事，忙于
●take on 呈现，承担
●catch on变得流行，理解，明白
●get on 继续，进行，上车
●He was almost identical to Jack, but somehow looked a little shorter.
●equal特制数量、价值相同
●equivalent价值、效力、意义相同
●identical某一细节上完全相同
●parallel平行的，类似的，常暗示一个相似的历史发展过程
●peculiarly特别地，特有地
●sensational轰动的，耸人听闻的sentimental感伤的，多愁善感的
●Kelly is putting the final touches to her speech.
●notes 读者或作者、编辑就书中某一问题或书页边上或书后作的注解、评注、批注
see the notes见注释
●remarks简短的评论或非正式的评论
●comments更正式，指“评语，评论”
●touches“修饰，增补” 润色
●
●cover覆盖，隐藏 ，掩饰 cover up，cover her embarrassment 掩饰她的尴尬
●screen屏蔽，在…之间设置屏障以遮蔽、掩护之义 screen her face
●disguise外表或行为的伪装掩饰身份
●hide隐藏，隐瞒 clouds hide the sun
●
●Test 11
●Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT ?
●A. “ I don’t like carrots.” “Me neither.” 若要用助动词，则为“Neither do I.”
●B. You are not so lazy as he.
●C. Mary is prettier than she. 这里的than是连词，引导从句than she is，因此剩下的
应该是作主语的she is或者宾格her.
●D. You have the same trouble as I.
as为连词，分别引导状语从句as he is lazy, as I have trouble,为避免重复省略后面一样的内容，保留下来的应该是主语，而不用宾格。

●All of the following sentences contain the tone of emphasis EXCEPT?
●A. What a country needs most is wise leadership. 除了典型句式It is…that…表强调，还可
以用what或助动词do加强语气。

●B. I don’t have a car, but I do have a bike.
●C. Great party that was. 将表语放句首
●D. She finished it by herself. by herself为固定搭配，相当于without help，若改为She finished it herself则有强调的意味。

●How much（the object）do you think she drinks?引导词 How much作drinks的宾语，she 是主语，drinks是谓语动词
●It is on the afternoon of September 1st that I met her at the supermarket. 这是一个强调句，
不是定语从句。

强调句型去掉It be…that后，句子依然通顺完整。

●His manner was such as to offend everyone who he met. such as to 表示“如此…以至于…”，在这个短语中such是个代词，本句such指代offend everyone。

●so as to表目的，“以便” so that 和such that后应跟一个完整的句子。

●A series of robberies has been reported recently. a series of ,a species of, a portion of, a
kind/type of等加上名词时，谓语用单数形式，因为前面被不定冠词a限定。

●It is + adj.+that 从句“引导的从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“（should）+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。

类似形容词有advisable，imperative，desirable，vital，urgent，important等
●Over the past ten years, natural gas production has remained steady, but consumption has risen steadily.在过去10年中，天然气的生产一直保持稳定，但消费正在稳步上升。

●disposal 丢掉 dissipation浪费，挥霍，消散 consumption 消费（量），挥霍
expenditure 经费，支出，
●
●drain排水，消耗（被排出或消耗的东西）
●drop落下，（滴落的液体）
●spill“溢出，溅出”
●drip（某物）往下滴水
●As we see, Kelvin has had a strict upbringing.
●growth生长过程，发展upbringing教养
●development发展，教育，成长cultivation种植庄稼，耕作
●
●limit对时间、空间、数量、能量或产品
●restrict to 禁止，限制，指把某人或物限制在一定范围之内
●restrain oneself from （doing）sth抑制，制止，控制
●confine不可逾越的限制，暗示束缚、囚禁 You are confined yourself to what you
know.你只局限于你知道的事
●tumble to 突然察觉 stick to 坚持，坚守 come to 降临，发生
●gloomy 昏暗的，令人沮丧的（前景黯淡不景气，人的悲观情绪）He feels gloomy
about the future 他觉得前途渺茫
●shady 背阴的，阴凉的 This is a shady avenue.这是条林荫大道
●shadowy 朦胧的，模糊不清的，阴凉的。

a shadowy figure 模糊的的身影
●obscure。

模糊的，含糊不清的，难解的，不出名的。

His reasons remain obscure. 他
的理由不清楚
●Would you be surprised if I had attended your home party yesterday without informing you beforehand. 特殊：说话者的现场提问，询问被疑问者当下的的感受，因此才用“would + 动词现在时态” 表示现在时间
●teach sb Sth 是“双宾语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”
●I’m glad to see that the edges of the stab wound are joining up nicely.
●wound尖锐锋利的工具所致出血的、严重的伤口，也指情感的创伤a wound to my
pride 自尊心的伤害
●bruise擦伤，淤青
●cut尖利的器械的刺或割而造成的轻伤
●scar伤口愈合留下的伤疤
●
●divide分开，分配，平分
●segregate把一群人从整体或主体分离出来
●isolate把人或事物隔离出来以不影响别人 isolate yourself from others
●insulate隔开，绝缘
●bare “裸露”，缺少必要的遮盖物
●naked “裸露”， naked eye肉眼
●bald 头上无头发，山坡无树无草，树顶无叶
●barren 缺少肥力，贫瘠的
●entitle sb to sth “使某人有资格”
●
●impact对…影响，撞击
●impeach控告，告发
●impede阻碍，阻止
●impend即将发生
●expressionless = poker face 不代表情。