2019-2020学年英语人教版选修8习题：第二单元检测 Word版含解析

姓名，年级：
时间：
第四单元检测
(时间：90分钟满分:120分)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节（共12小题;每小题2。

5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A
If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language，you will get answers like “Shakespeare",“Samuel Johnson"，and “Webster”,but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William the Conqueror。

Before 1066，in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups。

In the west-central region lived the Welsh，who spoke a Celtic language，and in the north lived the Scots,whose language,though not the same as Welsh was also Celtic.In the rest of the country lived the Saxons，actually a mixture of Anglos，Saxons,and other Germanic and Nordic peoples，who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English）,a Germanic language.If this state of affairs had lasted,English today would be close to German.
But this state of affairs did not last。

In 1066,the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England。

For about a century,French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants。

As a result,English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German.In some cases，modern English even shows a distinction(区别) between upper-class French and lower—class Anglo—Saxon in its words。

We even have different words for some
foods,meat in particular，depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked,which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming，while the upper—class Normans were doing most of the eating.
When Americans visit Europe for the first time,they usually find Germany more “foreign” than France because the German they see on signs and adve rtisements seems much more different from English than French does。

Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man’s ambition.
1The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before 1066 were 。

A。

Welsh and Scottish B。

Nordic and Germanic
C.Celtic and Old English D。

Anglo—Saxon and Germanic
Celtic。

"和“who spoke what we now call Anglo—Saxon(or Old English）”是信息的出处.
2Which of the following groups of words are，by inference,rooted in French？
A。

president，lawyer,beef B。

president,bread，water
C。

bread，field,sheep D.folk，field，cow
.A项的president，lawyer 同属English words of politics and the law,来自法语;beef 是meat at home ready to be cooked,也来自法语.
3Why does France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to Europe？
A。

Most advertisements in France appear in English.
B.They know little of the history of the English language。

C.Many French words are similar to English ones.
D。

They know French better than German.
.根据第四段第一句后半句中的“because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does.”改写成为“because the French they see on signs and advertisements seems much more similar to English than German does."便能够得出正确答案。

4What is the subject discussed in the text？
A.The history of Great Britain.
B。

The similarity between English and French.
C。

The rule of England by William the Conqueror。

D。

The French influences on the English language。

前三个选项很容易排除:本文没有讲英国历史，也没有举出任何例子说明英语与法语的相似点,更未提及征服者威廉的统治史。

根据文章第一段与最后一段可知,D项是正确选项.
B
If English means endless new words,difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong.Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language？
According to a new study by a British university,learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower.Researchers found that learning other languages
changes gray matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles。

The study also found the earlier people learn a second language，the greater the effect is.
A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English。

They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five,as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that gray matter density(密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language,the smaller the difference was。

“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn。

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingua lism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible(灵活的）," he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34。

Reading,writing，and comprehension were all tested.The results showed that the younger they started to learn，the better。

“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，" explained the scientists.
5In the second paragraph,the writer mentions “exercise" in order to.
A.say language is also a kind of physical labour
B。

prove that one needs more practice when he/she is learning a language
C。

show the importance of using the language when you learn the language
D.make people believe language learning helps gray matter work well
作者把语言学习对大脑的促进作用比作体育锻炼对肌肉强健的促进作用,意在说明语言学习对大脑有类似的促进作用。

6The underlined word “bilinguals" probably means 。

A。

a researcher on language learning
B。

a second language learner
C。

a person who can speak two languages
D。

an active language learner
.从“early bilinguals”的定语从句“who had learnt a second language before the age of five” 可知bilingual与C项意思接近。

7We may know from the scientific findings that 。

A.the earlier you start to learn a second language，the higher the gray matter density is
B.there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn’t know a second language
C。

the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people’s brain D。

the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time
.根据第五段“Scans showed that gray matter density(密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language，the smaller the difference was。

”可知答案。

8The main subject talked about in this passage is 。

A.science on learning a second language
B。

man’s ability of learning a second language
C。

language can help brain power
nguage learning and maths study
本文的第一段即是本文的主题,然后下文围绕这一主题进行了深入的阐述，即“语言学习可以提高你的智力"。

C
On February 9，2014，Kansas City resident Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris unexpectedly。

Instinctively(本能地),she reached into her change purse and emptied out all the coins she had into his collection can。

Little did either realize that this small act of generosity would change their lives forever。

It was not until the following morning that Sarah realized that not only had she given Billy all her change，but also her platinum(白金) and diamond engagement ring that she had placed in her change purse earlier.She and her husband Bill Krejci rushed to see if they could locate Billy,hoping that he would confirm her suspicion（怀疑) about where she had misplaced her precious jewelry.Not only was the homeless man in
the same spot,he also immediately returned the ring。

The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the cash they had—about $60.
However，Bill Krejci,a web designer，felt as though he needed to do something more for this amazingly honest man,especially after the story spread quickly and hundreds of people reached out to see how they could help Billy。

So on February 18，he set up a special page for him on a fundraising site with a goal of raising $1，000 in 90 days.In just four days，the donations have ballooned to over $85，000 and there seems to be no end in sight yet。

If that is not enough,Billy is off the streets and now living with an unnamed Samaritan(乐善好施者）。

And that’s not all.Thanks to all the media coverage,he was reunited with his older brother Edwin Harris,who he had been unable to locate for 27 years。

All this good fortune is just because Billy did the right thing-he returned something that did not rightfully belong to him。

9We know from the passage that Billy .
A.has no brother or sister
B。

lives with Bill Krejci
C。

once made a living by begging
D。

sold Sarah’s engagement ring
.。

a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris .。

.emptied out all the coins she had into his collection can。

”可知答案.
10How did Sarah and her husband feel about getting their engagement ring back? A。

Certain。

B.Indifferent。

C.Disappointed。

D。

Surprised.
由第二段中的“She and her husband 。

.rushed to see if they could locate Billy，hoping ...Not only ..。

，he also immediately returned the ring.”可知,最初Sarah 及其丈夫不确定是否可以找到Billy，对能否要回戒指持怀疑态度，所以当Billy归还戒指时,他们会很吃惊。

11To help Billy，Bill Krejci 。

A。

decided to buy him a house
B.invited reporters to interview him
C。

asked people to help him on the streets
D。

set up a special page to raise money for him
.由第三段第二句“。

.。

he set up a special page for him on a ..。

raising $1，000 in 90 days.”可知答案。

12What can we learn from Billy’s story?
A。

Honesty is the best policy.
B.All rivers run into the sea。

C.Actions speak louder than words。

D。

Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
.通读全文可知A项为正确选项。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项.
Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want。

The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that is,they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.13. Commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service
providers.14。

Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning,direction，and control of the operations of a business.15。

One is the establishment(制定）of broad basic policies with respect to production； sales; the purchase of equipment,materials and supplies； and accounting.16. The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments。

Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority。

17.
A.Planning in business management has three main aspects。

B。

In the theory of business management，organization has two main aspects。

C.The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments。

D.However，some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs. E。

In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management。

F。

Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work。

G.Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals。

14.G 15。

A 16.C 17。

F
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题;每小题1。

5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end.In many ways,this is 18 for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same 19 night after night.One would 20 them to know their parts by heart and 21 have cause to falter(结巴）。

Yet 22 is not always the case。

A famous actor in a 23 successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat
24 had been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years.In the last act,a gaoler （看守）would always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to the prisoner。

25 the noble was expected to read the letter at each 26 ，he always insisted that it should be written out in full。

One night,the gaoler decided to play a joke 27 his colleague to find out if,after so many performances，he had managed to learn the 28 of the letter by heart。

The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed（使显露）the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell.Just then,the gaoler 29 with the precious letter in his hands.He entered the 30 and presented the letter to the aristocrat.But the copy he gave him had not been written out in 31 as usual.It was simply a blank sheet of paper.The gaoler looked on eagerly, 32 to see if his fellow actor had at last learnt his lines。

The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds。

Then,squinting（眯着眼)his eyes，he said，“The light is 33 .Read the letter to me。

”And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler。

34 that he could not remember a word of the letter either,the gaoler replied,“The light is indeed dim,sir。

I must get my 35 ."With this,he hurried off the stage.Much to the aristocrat's
36 ，the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and the 37 copy of the letter which he proceeded to read to the prisoner.
18A.fortunate B.unfortunate
C.happy D。

unhappy
以致连续上演好几年，这对可怜的演员来说可倒霉了.因为下文说他们必须夜夜重复同样的台词，故unfortunate（不幸的,倒霉的）为最佳答案。

19A。

lines B。

words
C.plays D。

roles
roles “角色"。

20A。

want B.ask
C.expect D。

wish
"。

ask “询问”;want “想要”；wish “希望”。

21A.always B。

never
C.sometimes D。

often
时”,often “经常"。

22A。

such B。

the thing
C.one
D.this
this。

句意:但情况却并不总是这样。

23A。

highly B。

high
C.poorly
D.poor
"；highly “高度地,极为”。

此处用highly修饰形容词successful。

24A.where B。

what
C.which
D.who
,故要用who引导定语从句。

句意：有一位著名演员曾在一出极为成功的剧目中扮演一个贵族角色。

这个贵族已在巴士底监狱被关押了20年.
25A。

Because B.Even though
C。

When D.As though
:尽管那个贵族每场戏都得念一遍那封信,但他始终坚持要求将信的全文写在信纸上。

even though引导让步状语从句，意思是“即使”；because引导原因状语从句；when引导时间状语从句；as though引导方式状语从句.
26A。

play B。

performance
C。

role D.case
.after so many performances..。

”处有暗示。

performance “演出"；play “戏剧”;role “角色”;case “事例”。

27A.with B.in
C。

on D。

to
"。

句意:一天晚上，看守决定与他的同事开一个玩笑……
28A.pages B。

joke
C。

lines D。

contents
……看看他反复演出这么多场之后,是否已将信的内容记熟了。

page “页码”；joke “笑话”；lines “台词”;content “内容”。

29A。

appeared B。

disappeared
C。

came out D。

came in
,贵族独自坐在铁栅栏后阴暗的牢房里。

这时看守上场,手里拿着那封珍贵的信.appear “出现，露面”，此处指看守上场。

30A.room B.cell
C.stage D。

office
",在上文有暗示。

看守走进牢房，将信交给贵族.
31A。

English B.French
C。

order D。

full
in full意为“全文",这在第二段已有暗示。

32A.worried B.surprised
C.anxious D。

afraid
“担心的";surprised “惊讶的”;anxious“焦急的”；afraid “害怕的”.
33A.bright B。

dim
C.dark
D.out
,然后眯着眼说道：“光线太暗,请给我读一下这封信。

”说完，他一下子把信递给看守.bright “明亮的"；dim “暗淡的”;dark “黑暗的”;out“出外,在外,向外"。

34A.To see B。

To find
C.Seeing
D.Finding
-ing短语做状语,表示时间。

当看守发现自己连一个字也记不得时,也找了个借口。

see “看见”；find“发现”.
35A.glasses B.lines
C.light
D.letters
,一边匆匆下台。

36A。

surprise B。

satisfaction
C。

anger D。

amusement
,看守重新登台，拿来一副眼镜以及平时使用的那封信,然后念了起来.“much to one’s+表示感情的名词"结构,有“令某人感到非常……”的意思，此处看守的表现使贵族感到非常可笑。

37A。

usual B.old
C。

unusual D。

new
表示“旧的,老的”，与句意不符.
第二节(共10小题；每小题1。

5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It's useful and necessary to discuss learning habits。

There is 38。

famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings”39。

shows the importance of habits。

40. ,good learning habits can help us gain great learning results 41. （include） high scores and abundant knowledge。

At first,learning habits form our ways of 42。

（think) and attitudes to the content of our learning.Obviously,a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our 43. （destination）。

As we can see,cultivating a good learning habit is so important 44. I would like to introduce you one—keep a learning diary every day.We can start the habit by writing learning summary and remember to record something impressive and 45. (mean)。

Keep it in mind,and 46. （gradual） we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from i t.What’s more，I find that I still have some bad learning habits as well.I can only concentrate on reading for a short time and I 47。

（conquer) this problem by spending more effort on concentration practice。

I believe that through my effort，I can gain good learning results by having good habits。

a 39。

which/that 40。

Therefore 41.including 42。

thinking 43.destinations 44.that 45。

meaningful 46。

gradually 47。

will conquer
第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\）划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2。

只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.
James Ryan was the fourth brother to be involving in Second World War。

His three brothers already killed，two of them in the D-Day landings in Normandy，the others in a battle in another part of the world.Their heartbreaking mother received news about all her dead sons in the same day.The USA army decides to send a group of man into the French countryside to try to find the fourth brother。

Captain Miller，which was a hero and survivor of the Omaha Beach battle,was chosen to lead to the rescue team of eight men。

第一句：involving→involved；Second 前加the
第二句:brothers 后加 were；others→other
第三句:heartbreakin g→heartbroken;in→on
第四句:decides→decided;man→men
第五句:which→who;去掉lead之后的to
第二节书面表达（满分25分)
（2019·全国高考Ⅲ)
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。

请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：1。

时间;
2。

活动安排;
3.欢迎他表演节目。

注意：
1.词数100左右；
2。

可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear Allen,
You must have heard of the upcoming Music Festival to be held in our school.Since you take much interest in music,I am writing to invite you to participate in the festival with me。

As scheduled，it will be held on the playground from 5 p.m。

to 8 p.m.next Sunday。

Additionally，sitting on the grass and enjoying the tasty food and drinks provided by the sponsors，we will be fully absorbed in the attractive and fascinating performances。

Furthermore，we also expect to see you on stage then。

I’d be more than delighted if you could come and share this joyful moment with me。

Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua。