初三英语试卷英语阅读理解题分类汇编含解析

初三英语试卷英语阅读理解题分类汇编含解析
一、英语阅读（日常生活类）
1．阅读理解
Mr. and Mrs. Smith have two children, Kevin and Jenny. The whole family are all busy, so they often leave notes to each other. Here are these four notes of today.
3:30 pm
To Kevin, Mr. King rang, telling there is no football practice today, and he asked you to get ready for the football match tomorrow.
Jenny
4:00 pm To Jenny,
It's your turn to walk our pet dog Teddy and play with him after school.
Kevin 6:45 pm
To all,
Has anyone found my tennis shoes? I'm doing my homework in my bedroom. Kevin 9:00 pm To Kevin, I saw your shoes this morning. They smelt terrible so I put them outside the
back door. Good night, dear!
Mum
A. Mum
B. Kevin
C. Jenny
（2）Kevin was doing his homework in the ______________.
A. bedroom
B. garden
C. living room
（3）Kevin could find his tennis shoes _____________at 6:45 pm.
A. under the desk
B. outside the back door
C. in the bag
（4）What will Kevin probably do tomorrow?
A. Play with Teddy.
B. Play tennis.
C. Play in a football match.
（5）What can we learn from the notes?
A. Teddy doesn't like to stay at home.
B. Mr. King may be a coach.
C. Mum washed Kevin's shoes.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述了斯密斯夫妇有两个儿女。

一个是凯文 ，另一个是珍妮。

由于比较忙，所以他们彼此留言。

本材料就他们之间的留言。

（1）细节理解题。

根据To Jenny ，It's your turn to walk our pet dog Teddy and play with him after school ，珍妮，轮到你今天放学后遛咱们的宠物狗泰迪。

故选C 。

（2）细节理解题，根据6：45 pm ，To all ，Has anyone found my tennis shoes ？I'm doing my
homework in my bedroom，Kevin，可知，时间6：45，有谁见到我的网球鞋，我在卧室做作业。

故答案选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据I saw your shoes this morning. They smelt terrible so I put them outside the back door. Good night，dear! Mum. 可知，我在今天早上看到你的鞋，太难闻了，于是我就把它们后门的外面。

可知可以在后门外找到球鞋。

故选B。

（4）细节理解题。

根据To Kevin，Mr，King rang，telling there is no football practice today，and he asked you to get ready for the football match tomorrow，致凯文，王先生打电话，说今天不进行足球训练，他让你准备一下明天的足球比赛，可知明天凯文要参加足球比赛。

故选C。

（5）细节推断题。

根据To Kevin，Mr，King rang，telling there is no football practice today，and he asked you to get ready for the football match tomorrow，致凯文，王先生打电话，说今天不进行足球训练，他让你准备一下明天的足球比赛。

可知王先生可能是一位足球教练。

故选B。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。

先分析问题，然后带着问题仔细阅读图表中的内容，从细节中找出问题的信息确定正确答案。

2．阅读理解
At some point in life, many people develop a mental （精神） problem.
While most people get over it, for others it doesn't go away easily.
The WHO says that about 20 percent of teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness. It's thought that the number of teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020. It will become one of the main causes of illness, and even death.
In China, the picture isn't bright, either. About one tenth of teenagers under the age of 17 have a mental health challenge.
The world is changing fast. Study and relationships have always caused stress, but today the stress is much higher than before, the WHO said.
A research centre in Oxford University says that young people today have big stresses at school. For example, they experience bullying （欺凌）. In a 2017 report, the centre noted that the Internet was a special source （渠道）of stress. Online, young people often see "messages about perfection" and this causes the young "great uncertainty about their futures", says the centre.
Also, according to China Daily, Chinese people don't ask for help with their mental problems. They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble. Elaine
Peng, a US mental health educator, makes a similar point. And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma. It is reported in 2017 that a quarter of young UK people wouldn't ask for help if they developed a mental problem.
Young people who don't ask for help for their condition may be creating problems for themselves in the future. Elaine Peng warned that, "If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever."
"My message for young people is, if you feel something is wrong within you—ask for help," he told China Daily.
（1）Which of the following is NOT the cause of stress according to the passage?
A. Heavy schoolwork
B. Being bullied at school.
C. Some information from the Internet.
D. Certainty about the future.
（2）Why don't Chinese people ask for help with their mental problems?
A. They don't think them serious.
B. They can get over them in time.
C. They can keep their mental health secret.
D. They are afraid of being looked down upon.（3）What does the underlined word "stigma" most probably mean in Chinese?
A. 羞耻
B. 印象
C. 援助
D. 危害（4）Elaine Peng advised the teenagers with mental illness to ______.
A. think less of themselves
B. avoid being bullied
C. ask for help as soon as possible
D. stay away from the Internet.
（5）The main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. ask research centers for help
B. tell about teenagers' stresses
C. call public attention on teenagers with mental illness
D. show some different opinions from different countries
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述世界上许多人有精神疾病，到2020年世界上有一半的青少年患精神方面的疾病。

精神疾病将成为主要的疾病甚至导致死亡，研究表明引起精神异常的原因是压力过大而没有及时找医生疏导导致的。

（1）细节题。

根据young people today have big stresses at school. they experience bullying （欺凌）. the Internet was a special source （渠道） of stress.可知，研究表明压力的原因来自于过重的学业，学校的欺凌，已经互联网上一些不良信息导致的，D描述与原文不一致，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble.可知，他们害怕其他人瞧不起他们，故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。

根据And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma.可知，在英国，超过4分之三的年轻人认为他们的精神
疾病是社会的耻辱，推出stigma的意思是“羞耻”，故选A。

（4）推断题。

根据If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever.可知，如果躲避我们的精神健康，它可能拥有是一个问题，推出Elaine Peng建议患有精神疾病的青少年应尽快就医，故选C。

（5）推断题。

通过分析可知，作者讲述世界上越来越多的青少年患有精神疾病目的是唤起全社会对患有精神异常的青少年关注，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

细节题、推断题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。

细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思。

3．阅读理解
Jenny wanted to encourage students to read more famous books, so she decided to put an introduction to some interesting children's story books in the school newspaper.
The Little Prince（《小王子》） is a famous work written by French writer Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. In the book, the little prince leaves his own planet to explore the universe（宇宙）. In his journey, he finds that the adult world is really strange and boring. Finally, he goes back to his planet which is full of love. The book is really popular throughout the world.
Charlotte's Web（《夏洛特的网》） is a famous children's novel written by American author E. B. White. The novel tells the story of a pig named Wilbur and his friendship with a spider named Charlotte on a farm. When Wilbur is in danger of being killed for his meat by the farmer, Charlotte writes messages to praise Wilbur in her web and saves him. Wilbur becomes famous in the village and he is safe in the end. When it came out in 1952, the book was welcomed by both adults and children. And it is still very popular today.
The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane（《爱德华的奇妙之旅》） is a 2006 novel written by Kate DiCamillo. The book is about an unusual journey of a china rabbit named Edward Tulane. He travels from one place to another, meeting many people. During his journey, he learns to love and finally finds love again. This book is popular nowadays and was mentioned many times in the famous South Korean TV series My love from the Star （《来自星星的你》）. The warm and sweet story will surely make you understand more about love.
（1）Jenny introduced some interesting children's story books to .
A. encourage students to read more
B. encourage students to write more
C. show off the books she has read
D. make money by selling books
（2）The underlined word "praise" properly means " " in Chinese.
A. 欺骗
B. 批评
C. 赞扬
D. 攻击（3）Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The three books mentioned in the passage are popular today.
B. The writers of the three books are all Americans.
C. When Charlotte's Web came out, it was only popular with adults.
D. My Love from the Star is a famous Chinese TV series.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：珍妮为鼓励学生阅读更多书籍，决定在校报上介绍一些世界名著，其中包括《小王子》、《夏洛特的网》和《爱德华的奇妙之旅》。

老师在简介中分别介绍了三本小说的作者、故事大意和它们的流行（受欢迎）程度。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中的"Jenny wanted to encourage students to read more famous books，so she decided to put an introduction to some interesting children's story books in the school newspaper"可知，珍妮想鼓励学生阅读名著，于是决定在校报上刊登一些名著的简介。

由此可知珍妮向学生介绍儿童读物的目的是鼓励学生多读书。

故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据文中的"When Wilbur is in danger of being killed for his meat by the farmer，Charlotte writes messages to praise Wilbur in her web and saves him"可知，当威尔伯面临被杀的危险时，夏洛特在自己的网上写信称赞威尔伯，并拯救了他，故知praise的意思是"赞扬"。

故选C。

（3）细节判断题。

根据整篇文章内容及其第二段句子The book is really popular throughout the world. 这本书在世界各地很受欢迎．和第三段句子 it is still very popular today. 今天仍然是非常受欢迎的。

和第四段句子This book is popular nowadays. 这本书现在很流行。

可知这篇文章中提到的三本书今天仍很受欢迎，故选A。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。

在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

4．阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why?
Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others. The more people follow an idea, the better or truer we think the idea is. It's the social proof （社会认同感） that works.
The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influence us. In a room, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines （A, B, C）. A is longer, C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other men enter the room, and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （实验对象）.
Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep from danger.
Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎）with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others' action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now.
Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, for example, often makes use of it. So be capful whenever a company says its product is "the most popular".
（1）At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by ________.
A. telling a story
B. giving examples
C. answering questions
D. showing a map （2）According to Paragraph 3, the experiment by Asch shows ________.
A. following others is always right
B. social proof may change people's ideas
C. it's difficult to carry out the experiment
D. people can study better if they are alone
（3）The underlined word "It" in Paragraph g refers to ________.
A. running with others
B. hunting with friends
C. copying others' action
D. doing something different
（4）According to the passage, we can infer （推断） that ________.
A. it's important to run with others anytime
B. products in the advertisement are the best
C. we mustn't copy others' action to keep safe
D. we need to think twice before following others
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文通过几个实例说明了社会认知感对人们的影响。

（1）细节理解题。

In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why? 可知作者是通过实例说明了一个论点社会认同感的影响。

故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

第三段的实验内容主要讲让人们选择一个正确答案，在一个人单独思考的状况下，可以答对；当一群人一起看问题，并告知他们前面的人选择的一个错误答案，他们就都选择认可前人回答的错误答案，由此可知社会认同感会让人改变观点。

故选B。

（3）词意猜测题。

根据Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others' action. 这种观念深深种在我们的脑海中并且现在我们仍旧在使用。

可知it指的是人们抄袭他人的行动。

故选C。

（4）推理判断题。

根据So be careful whenever a company says its product is "the most popular". 因此无论何时当一个公司说它的产品是对受欢迎的要小心。

可知当我们在跟从别人之前要再三考虑。

故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。

先阅读短文，了解短文大意，然后分析问题，弄清题意，再带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出问题答案。

对于推理判断题要根据文章中相关的细节进行推理判断，不要主观臆断，要根据作者的观点确定。

5．阅读理解
People in different countries speak different languages. But is there a language that can be understood by everyone in the world? If there is, the answer might be EMOJIS（表情符号）.
Emojis are a kind of special language. Pictures are used to put meaning across. A group called the Unicode Consortium works on choosing emojis. It has added new emojis every year since 2014. They show what people think about and like.
Emojis can be used to represent（代表） different groups of people. In 2015, emoji faces with different skin tones（肤色） were added. In 2016, different jobs were added , such as doctor, police officer and painter. This year, emojis of disabled people were added including emojis of blind people and people in wheelchairs.
But there is also more to emojis. They can also refer to（指的是）pop culture and new cultural trends（潮流）.
New emojis in 2019 also include several animals, such as sloths（树懒） and flamingos（火烈鸟）. These animals are not very common, but are known to many people. For example, sloths have become popular because of the 2016 film Zootopia（《疯狂动物城》）. Many fashion designers（设计师） have included flamingos in their designs in recent years. This animal makes people feel like they're on a vacation.
It seems that emojis are a mirror of the world we live in. It will be interesting to see how they change and grow in the years to come.
（1）Emojis use to express ideas.
A. music
B. sounds
C. words
D. pictures
（2）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The Unicode Consortium.
B. An emoji.
C. A country.
D. A language.（3）In which year were emojis of disabled people added?
A. In 2014.
B. In 2015.
C. In 2016.
D. In 2019.
（4）According to the passage, emojis include the following EXCEPT .
A. people with different skin tones
B. popular films
C. some interesting animals
D. different jobs
（5）Which sentence is Not True according to the passage?
A. People all over the world might understand emojis.
B. Emojis can represent pop culture.
C. Many fashion designers used sloths in their works.
D. Emojis are changing and growing every year.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍表情符号的发展史和用途及意义。

（1）细节题。

根据Pictures are used to put meaning across.可知，表情符号通过图画来表达想法，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据A group called the Unicode Consortium works on choosing emojis. It has added new emojis every year since 2014.可知，it在这里指代the Unicode Consortium（统一编码组织），故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据This year, emojis of disabled people were added including emojis of blind people and people in wheelchairs.可知，此处的this year指2019年，即是2019年残疾人被增加到表情符号中，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据In 2015, emoji faces with different skin tones（肤色）were added. In 2016, different jobs were added , such as doctor, police officer and painter. New emojis in 2019 also include several animals,可知，文章提到了表情符号包括肤色，有趣的动物和不同的工作，但是未提到电影，故选B。

（5）细节题。

根据Many fashion designers（设计师）have included flamingos in their designs in recent years.可知，许多设计师在他们的作品里使用了火烈鸟，而不是树懒，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

细节题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。

细节题需要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思。

6．阅读理解
Have you ever wanted to achieve a goal and ended up doing lots of research on how to achieve it? As you learned more and more. It seemed you knew less and less. That is because when you learned a new concept（概念）. You found that there was a lot more to know about it.
Usually, people think they need to get more and more information before trying a new idea. There is nothing wrong with learning a lot, but when you let learning get in the way of doing, you
will never get going.
One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results that you get from those actions. Don't be afraid of not being perfect and just take the first step. You will go further than those who are still in preparation. It's good to be prepared, but over-preparation in trying to reach a goal won't get you results. The knowledge and skills that you will need will be picked up along the way.
If a baby wants to learn how to walk, it doesn't do it by just sitting there and thinking about how to walk. The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking. Sure it may fall, but with every fall, it learns what is working and what is not and adjusts（调整）to it. By doing this over and over, it will finally learn to walk. This is the method you should use when you want to achieve your goals as well. It works.
Learning more is great but if all you're doing is learning and not taking action, it's time to change that. Just take the first step.
（1）When you learned something new, you found there was to know about it.
A. less
B. nothing
C. everything
D. more
（2）Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. People need to learn a lot before trying a new idea.
B. One of the best ways to learn is to take action.
C. Learning has nothing to do with doing.
D. Over-preparation is not good for reaching a goal.
（3）A baby should when it wants to learn how to walk.
A. get up and start walking
B. sit there and think about how to walk
C. learn from its parents
D. read books about how to walk
（4）We can usually read the passage in .
A. a storybook
B. a newspaper
C. an advertisement
D. a guidebook （5）The purpose of the passage is .
A. to tell us how to learn more
B. to tell us how to be successful
C. to talk about the importance of doing
D. to talk about the importance of learning
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文告诉我们一个道理，最后的学习方法是从行为结果中去学习。

（1）细节题。

根据As you learned more and more. It seemed you knew less and less.随着你学得越来越多。

看来你知道的越来越少了，可知当你学到新东西时你发现有更多的东西要知道，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results that you get from those actions学习的最好方法之一是采取行动，从这些行动中获得的结果中学习，可知学习与做无关是错的，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking可知，当婴儿想学会走路时，就应该站起来开始走，故选A。

（4）推理题。

根据本文是告诉我们一个道理，故会在报纸上看到这篇文章，故选B。

（5）主旨题。

本文告诉我们一个道理，最后的学习方法是从行为结果中去学习，故本文是谈论做的重要性，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．请阅读下面的海报，从每小题所给的A，B，C三个选下中选出一个最佳选项。

House fires often happened. So it appears necessary to learn something useful to protect family from them. The following poster in the neighborhood will tell you how to do it.
Fire Safety
Put a smoke alarm in your house and test it every month. Half of all house fire deaths happen between 11 pm and 7 am. The risk of dying in a house fire is cut in half with working smoke alarms.
Make sure your hearing aid, wheelchair or eyeglasses are next to your bed. Fire can spread through a house soon. You may have as little as two minutes to escape （逃离）safely. Be ready to act at once.
Create a fire escape plan. 77% of families don't have a house fire escape plan to follow. That's one of the reasons why at least one child dies and 293 children are injured in a house fire every day.
Don't call 119 until you are safely outside. During a fire, the first thing to do is to get out of house as fast as you can.
A. A smoke alarm
B. A pair of eyeglasses
C. A wheelchair
（2）We may have only ________ to escape from a house firm safely.
A. half an hour
B. 2 minutes
C. 293 seconds
（3）According to the poster, ________ can help save you from a house fire.
A. stopping the fire from spreading
B. making and following a plan to escape
C. keeping awake betwren11 pm. and 7 am.
（4）Call 119 for help ________.
A. after you reach safely
B. as soon as you are ready to escape
C. when you find out what causes the house fire
（5）The poster is put up in the neighborhood to help people learn to ________.
A. plan their live as they wish
B. save time as much as possible
C. protect themselves in a right way
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了当家庭火灾发生时，应该如何做才能够最安全，损失最小。

（1）细节理解题。

根据“The risk of dying in a house fire is cut in half with working smoke alarms”可知，烟雾报警器会降低火灾的死亡, 故答案是 A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据“You may have as little as two minu tes to escape （逃离）safely” 可知，故答案是 B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据“Create a fire escape plan. 77% of families don't have a house fire escape plan to follow. ”可知，77%的家庭没有可遵守的火灾逃离方案。

制定并且遵守逃离方案可以救助人们。

故答案是B。

（4）细节理解题。

根据“Don't call 119 until you are safely outside. ”可知，直到你安全到达户外后再打 119，故答案是 A。

（5）细节理解题。

根据“So it appears necessary to learn something useful to protect family from them.”可知张贴海报的目的是以正确的方式保护人们，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题，细节理解题比较简单，一般可以直接从文中找到答案。

8．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

Do you think your school rules are boring? Take a look at these rules.
Interested? Click（点击） here to read more.
（1）When did some schools in New Jersey make the rule "no hugging"?
A. In 2008
B. In 2010
C. In 2012
D. In 2014
（2）Where are the students at Michigan school asked to keep their books?
A. In the lockers
B. In the classrooms
C. In the lunchrooms
D. In teachers' offices.（3）Mobile phones are not allowed into class in _________.
A. one Portland school
B. some schools in Florida
C. one Pennsylvania school
D. some schools in Brooklyn
（4）Who is the reason for a Toronto school's "no balls" rule?
A. A teacher
B. A doctor
C. A student
D. A parent
（5）Where is the material probably from?
A. A newspaper
B. A website
C. A speech
D. A diary
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍几个学校的规则。

（1）推理题。

根据 Some schools in Portland and Florida started the rule—No hugging in 2010. Two years later some schools in New Jersey and Brooklyn made the same rule波特兰和佛罗里达的一些学校开始了这项规定——2010年禁止拥抱。

两年后，新泽西和布鲁克林的一些学校也制定了同样的规则，可知新泽西的一些学校2012年制定了“禁止拥抱”的规则，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据 One high school in Michigan doesn't allow bags into the classroom at all. The school asks students to return to their lockers ，可知密歇根学校的学生被要求把书放在储物柜里，故选A。

（3）推理题。

根据 students there aren't allowed to wear their Ugg boots into class. It's to stop them from hiding things like mobile phones in the boots 那里的学生不允许穿ugg靴子上课，为了阻止他们把手机之类的东西藏在靴子里，可知Pennsylvania 不允许上课使用手机，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据A parent was taken to hospital with a concussion（脑震荡）after being hit by a ball一名家长被球击中后因脑震荡被送往医院，可知多伦多学校“不准打球”规则的原因是因为一位家长，故选D。

（5）推理题。

根据Interested? Click（点击） here to read more有兴趣吗？点击这里阅读更多，可知文章来自网站，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

9．阅读理解
Many cars in advertisements are red, blue or green but almost 75 percent of new cars sold are
black, white, silver or grey.
A survey shows people prefer the car colors that don't show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, saving money. Besides, some areas that are short of water do not allow people to wash their cars often.
According to another survey, white cars are often sold more than cars of other colors. In China, car buyers say white makes a small car look bigger. Car buyers in other countries also like white. And the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones. People also think the temperature inside white cars is lower than that in cars of other colors.
At present, every year about 11 percent of cars sold are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. But today, green cars are hard to find.
Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their car's paint color anytime.
（1）You can often see cars in advertisements.
A. white
B. black
C. red
D. silver
（2）Car buyers choose grey because they .
A. can wash their cars less
B. don't need to wash cars
C. can pay less money for cars
D. don't allow washing cars
（3）According to the passage, white cars look than those of other colors.
A. safer
B. darker
C. cheaper
D. bigger
（4）Green cars .
A. make up 11% of the cars sold
B. are hard to find all the time
C. were the most popular in the mid 1990s
D. were less popular than blue cars in the past （5）In the future, we can .
A. choose cars in all colors
B. paint our cars any color anywhere
C. buy cars in all colors
D. change our car's paint color anytime
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）A
（4）C
（5）D
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述车的颜色，以及使用某些颜色的原因。

（1）细节题。

根据Many cars in advertisements are red,可知，广告里的车的颜色是经常是红色的，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据A survey shows people prefer the car colors that don't show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, 可知，车的用户选择灰色的车，因为他们可以更少洗车，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.可知，研究表明白色的车比其他颜色的车更安
全，故选A。

（4）推断题。

根据In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. 可知，在20世纪90年代绿色的是世纪很多地方最受欢迎的颜色，推出绿色的车那时应该是最受欢迎的，故选C。

（5）细节题。

根据Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their car's paint color anytime.可知，将来，我们可以在任何时候改变我们车的漆的颜色，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。

细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的几个选项中，选出最佳选项。

What subject do you worry about the most at school? Many students worry about math. Some students can't sleep well the day before a math exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself. But there might be a way to make the subject less stressful（压力大的）.
"For people who are worried about math, posture （姿势）makes a big difference," Erik Paper from San Francisco State University told the Daily Mail. That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams.
Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over （趴倒的）posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.
Slumping over is a defensive（戒备的） posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, Paper said.
Students who were not nervous about taking the math exam did not necessarily benefit（受益）from better posture. But they did find that doing math while slumped over was more difficult, Science Daily reported.
Good posture isn't just helpful for taking math exams. Sportspeople, musicians and public speakers can all benefit from better posture. When you feel stressed out, you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall. It can help you feel more certain and focus better.
（1）What posture can make people feel less stressed during math exams?
A. Sitting up straight.
B. Hanging your head.
C. Lying on your back.
D. Raising one hand.
（2）What did the scientists ask the college students to do during the test?
A. To do sit-ups.
B. To count numbers.
C. To think carefully.
D. To sit in different postures.
（3）How many students in the test benefited from the better posture?
A. All the 125 students.
B. Less than half of them.
C. 56 percent of them.
D. None of the students.
（4）The fourth paragraph is written to explain .
A. why slumping over makes exams harder to do
B. why slumping over is bad for one's health
C. why some people slump over during exams
D. why people are nervous during math exams
（5）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Slump over to Take Exams
B. Sit up to Do Math
C. Better Posture for Nervous Students
D. Good Advice for Better Exams
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍姿势不仅有助于参加数学考试。

运动员、音乐家和演说家都可以从更好的姿势中受益。

当你感到压力大的时候，你也可以试着坐直或者站直。

它可以帮助你更确定，更专注。

（1）细节题。

根据For people who are worried about math, posture （姿势）makes a big difference 和That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams. 可知坐直可以让人们在数学考试中感觉压力更小，故选A。

（2）推理题。

根据 They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over （趴倒的）posture, or sitting up straight. 可知科学家在测试中要求大学生以不同的姿势坐着，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据 After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight 可知56%的参加测试的学生从更好的姿势中受益，故选C。

（4）主旨题。

根据 Slumping over is a defensive（戒备的）posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, 可知第四段是用来解释为什么睡懒觉会让考试变得更难，故选A。

（5）主旨题。

根据本文教室里姿势有助于参加数学考试和 the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight ，可知标题适合是 Sit up to Do Math 坐起来做数学，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解
One night, when I was eight, my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. "Sweetie, my company wants to promote（升职） me but needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling you that you've done well and allowing you to skip（跳） a grade, but you'll have to leave your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher?" She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was lost in thought. The question kept me wondering for the rest of the night. I had said "Yes" but for the first time, I realized the difficult decisions adults had to make.。