I’vetriedallthemeansoftransportation

Unit4 I’ve tried all the means of transportation
Speaker: LiuLing
Teaching goals:
1.Words and phrases
Transportation / light rail / ferry / means / comfortable / scenery /convenient / blog / strange / traffic jam / rush hour / workplace / carpooling / assign / loan / vehicle / fare / bargain / access
2.Sentence structure
(1)How did you go there ?
(2)Did you take the light rail ?
(3)I went there by subway.
(4)Have you ever missed your last train or bus home?
(5)What kind of transportation do you use most often? 3.Grammar
Present perfect tense (II)
Teaching important and difficult points
1.H ow to use the words and phrases correctly
2.M aster the present perfect tense
Teaching methods
1.Individual, pair or group work to make every student work
in class
2.Explanation and practice methods to make students master
possessive pronouns
Teaching procedures:
Period 1~2
Step1: New words study
1.Ask Ss to tick the activities they did before
2.Teachers check the Ss pronunciation and explain some new
words to them
Step2: lead-in
1.Ask Ss to discuss the means of transportation they have
used
E.g. Have you ever taken the subway?
2.Ask Ss to describe different means of transportation
e.g. The light rail in Shanghai is comfortable
Step3: Dialogue
1.Ask Ss to read the dialogue and underline the means of
transportation
How did you go there ?
Did you take the light rail ?
I went there by subway.
nguage points
(1)by +交通工具词汇
e.g. by air (坐飞机) by train by subway…
但“步行”用on foot
(2)on one’s way to 在…途中
by the way 顺便问一下
(3)take 乘坐（交通工具）上（船.车）
e.g. take the bus
take the ship at Qingdao for Shanghai
Step4：Practice
1.Ask Ss to read the dialogue aloud and try to recite
2.Ask Ss to use the prompt to make a dialogue in pairs and
let several pairs act it out
Period 3~4 Reading and Writing
Step1: Lead- in
1. Ask Ss to discuss the following qs
How’s the traffic in your city?
How do you travel every day?
Any suggestion for the improvement of the traffic in your city ?
2.Ask Ss to work in groups of four and brainstorm about the
causes of traffic jams in big cities
Step2:Reading :
1.Fast-reading Ask Ss to read Wanglu’s blog and choose the
best title
“ 2 Transportation in New York “
2.Careful–reading Let Ss read the article again and do the
exercises of part 10~12, Then check their answers Step3: L/P:
1.since和for
(1)在现在完成时表示过去某一时间发生的动作或状态一直持续到现在的句子中，常用since和for来引导时间状语，但两者有不同：Since 后常加“点”时间或句子, 表示“自从…以来”（起始时间）For 后常加一段时间，表示时间的长短
E.g. I have learned English for 9 years. 我学英语已经9年了 I have learned English since 9 years ago. 我9年前开始学英语
(2)since后面可以接句子
E.g. I’ve worked in the factory since I came here .
(3)since 后加一段时间一定要与ago 连用
2.seem的用法
(1)seem+形容词
E.g. The question seems quite easy.
(2)seem+名词
E.g. That seems a good idea.
(3)It seem + that从句
E.g. It seemed that nobody knew anything about the matter.
(4)Seem + to do sth.
E.g. His temperature seems to be all right.
Step4. Writing :Do the exercises of part 13 and check the answers
Period 5~6 Grammar
Present perfect tense(II)
1.定义
（1）强调动作是从过去持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去。

（2）强调对现在的影响或结果，此用法容易和一般过去时混淆。

两者的区别是：一般过去时有动作发生的时间点，即过去某一时间发生某一动作；现在完成时则没有，即不强调是哪个时间点发生的动作，而强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。

（3）在过去不确定的时间里发生的动作，但是结果对现在有影响。

但过去分词一定要选择准确。

(4) 时间状语：recently /lately /since /for /in the past few years etc
2.基本结构：
主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(p.p）（V-ed） e.g done
(1)肯定句中：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(p.p）（V-ed）+宾语.
(2)否定句中：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词（p.p）（V-ed）+宾语.
(3)一般疑问句中：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词（p.p）（V-ed）+宾语.
(4)特殊疑问句中：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词（V-ed）+其他）
3.has gone (to),has been (to),has been (in) 的区别
gone：去了没回
been to ：去过
been in：呆了很久
4.一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
(1)一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“主语+ have/ has + 动词（V.）的过去分词”。

过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

(2)一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。

如：yesterday, last week ,two years ago ,just now, in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与 just ,already, ever, never 等副词和these days ,this week, since ......,for ...... 等表示一段时间的状语连用。

E.g.试比较以下几组句子，有什么区别：
① A: Have you seen the film?
B: Did you see the film?
分析：你看过这部电影吗？A 句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解；B句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道
其内容。

② A: How has he done it?
B: How did he do it?
分析：他是怎么做的这件事？A 句强调的是他做这件事的方式对现在产生了某种影响；B句单纯的询问做这件事的方式。

③ A: He has lived in Beijing for 8 years .
B: He lived in Beijing for 8 years .
分析：他在北京住了 8 年。

A 句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了 8 年，可能还会继续在北京住下去。

B 句讲的是他在北京住过 8 年，现在已经不在北京了。

(3)现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。

E.g. I have washed the car. 我洗过了车。

（看上去很漂亮）
I washed the car a moment ago. 我刚才洗过车了。

She has watered the flowers. 她已经浇了花。

（不需要再浇了）
She watered the flowers yesterday. 她昨天浇的花。

I have written the letter but I haven't posted it yet. 信我已经写好了，但还没有寄出。

I wrote the letter last week and I posted it three days ago. 我上周写的那封信，3天前寄出的。

（4）现在完成时表示的动作或状态延续到现在并可能延续下去，而
一般过去时则单纯表示过去某段时间内的经历。

E.g. It has rained for five hours. 雨已经下了5个小时了。

It rained for five hours yesterday. 昨天下了5个小时的雨。

He has waited for her for two hours. 他等她已经两个小时了。

He waited for her two hours and then went home. 他等她等了两个小时，然后就回家了。

I have reviewed two lessons this morning. 今天上午我已经复习了两课。

（说话时还在上午）
I reviewed two lessons this morning. 今天上午我复习了两课。

（说话时已是下午或晚上）
Period 7~8
Step1: Vocabulary practice
1. Circle the word that does not fit in each group (part17)
2. Match the verbs (part18)
3. Tick the statements (part19)
4. Use the correct forms to complete the dialogue (part 20) Step 2: Life and culture : Special kinds of Transportation
1. be popular in / with
2. more than
no more than
3. bargain with
Step3. Exercises
Let the Ss do the Exercises of Unit 3 and check their answers together。