2018版高考英语大一轮复习第1部分基础知识考点Module4ASocialSurveyMyNeig

Module 4 A Social Survey-My Neighbourhood
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Our vacation ________ (approach)，we still can’t decide where to go. 2．TV shopping is ________ (attract) because you can buy things easily without going out.
3．I was fortunate ________ (catch) today’s l ast bus to the county at the last minute.
4．This is the third time he ________ (fail) the driving test.
5．It was several years since the war ________ (break) out.
6．With the cost of living going ________ ，they find it difficult to make ends meet. 7．Th e manager says he really can’t afford ________ (wait) another day，because he is very busy.
8．He’s giving her French lessons ________ exchange for her teaching him English. 9．Goodbye! I’m very sorry ________ (bother) you with so many questions on such an occasion.
答案 1.approaching 2.attractive 3.to catch 4.has failed 5.had broken 6.up 7.to wait 8.in 9.to have bothered
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句仅1处错误)
1．He decorated the classroom with the number of balloons to make it beautiful. 2．Those who survived from the earthquake gathered together in memory of their lost friends.
3．If you cheat in the exam，you’ll never get away from it.
4．So far this year I had published more than twenty articles and I’ll try my best to write more.
5．It was the third time that she has been awarded the first prize.
6．The bus goes in ten minutes; you must hurry or you won’t make one. 7．Fortunate，the fire was discovered soon after it had started.
答案 1.the→a 2.去掉from 3.from→with 4.had→have 5.has→had 6.one→it 7.Fortunate→Fortunately
Ⅲ.课文缩写语法填空
Xiao Li lives in Xiamen.Now he 1.________ (take) John Martin to visit his hometown.John Martin thinks it is one of the most 2.________ (attract) places he has been to.The city is lively and its people are very 3.________ (friend)．Xiao Li says that he feels fortunate 4.________ (live) here.The climate in Xiamen is pretty hot and wet in the summer，but it 5.________ be quite cold in the winter.There are too many tourists around in the summer，6.________ sometimes can be a nuisance.Many modern buildings 7.________(put) up，and there are some great shopping malls in the business district.As they are approaching the harbour，they see some really pretty parks and Gulangyu Island 8.________ the water，which is gorgeous with some really interesting architecture.And now John Martin 9.________ (starve)，so they decide 10.________ (park) their car to have lunch in a nice little fish restaurant.
答案 1.is taking 2.attractive 3.friendly 4.living 5.can 6.which 7.have been put 8.across 9.is starving 10.to park
Ⅳ.单元考点作文串记
一、根据提示翻译句子
1．这对夫妇自从上次见面已有一年了。

(It is...since...)
_____________________________________________________________________
2．她丈夫在广州郊区盖楼。

(put up，suburb)
_____________________________________________________________________
3．一天，她打电话联系他说，她决定来看他。

(contact)
_____________________________________________________________________
4．这是她第一次来广州。

(It is the first time that...)
_____________________________________________________________________
5．广州是她到过的最吸引人的地方之一，因此她决定去买些东西。

(attractive)
_____________________________________________________________________
6．当她要接近购物中心时发生了交通事故，她伤得很重。

(approach，traffic)
_____________________________________________________________________
7．在医生的帮助下她活了下来。

(survive)
_____________________________________________________________________
8．遇见这么优秀的医生她觉得很幸运。

(fortunate)
_____________________________________________________________________
答案 1.It is a year since the couple last saw each other.
2．Her husband puts up buildings in the suburb of Guangzhou.
3．One day，she made contact with her husband by telephone，saying she decided to see him.
4．It was the first time that she had come to Guangzhou.
5．Guangzhou is one of the most attractive places she has been to，so she decided to do some shopping.
6．She had a traffic accident when she was approaching a shopping center and was badly hurt.
7．She survived with the doctor’s help.
8．She felt fortunate coming across such an excellent doctor.
二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇
【参考范文】
It is a year since the couple last saw each other.Her husband puts up buildings in the suburb of Guangzhou.One day，she made contact with her husband by telephone，saying she decided to see him.It was the first time that she had come to Guangzhou.It is one of the most attractive places she has been to，so she decided to do some shopping.However，she had a traffic accident when she was approaching a shopping center and was badly hurt.She survived with the doctor’s help.She felt fortunate coming across such an excellent doctor.
Ⅴ.阅读理解
I’m having a lot of conflicting emotions when moms I know talk about their gifted kids.I get it that the moms are proud，and certainly, I don’t mind hearing about the kids’ other wonderful accomplishments.It’s the gifted thing that gets me.
I would probably feel differently if my daughter Violet was some great prodigy．Maybe I’d be out there bragging with some moms if she was reading on an eighth grade level instead of struggling through “I’ll Teach My Dog a Lot of Words.” Like every other parent, I had d reams of Violet being some kind of combination of Gandhi and Mozart.But in schoolwork at least, Violet seems solidly normal, ahead of some in her class, behind when compared to others.
But why do I care? Normal is a good thing! Normal is great! Normal is what I prayed for.But that’s a lie.I prayed for better than normal.Maybe that’s why I feel terrible when a mom I know brags about her gifted kid.
As it is, what I’d like to brag about seems like a thing people never care about.My Violet is a really great li ttle girl.She’s a little hothead, with a temper, but she also cares about other people’s feelings.When friends of hers are sick, she wants to make them little cards and pictures to help them feel well.A new little girl came into her classroom last week, and Violet noticed she was feeling lonely and scared, so she asked the new girl to play at break.
But no one brags about how nice their kid is.Too bad.That’s the kind of thing I’d like to hear.I don’t think I’d mind listening to lots of stories of kindness: “Oh yeah? Well, my kid took his plate to the sink without asking！” “Yeah? My kid lined up his shoes in rows in his closet and then sat on my lap and told me I was pretty！” Listening to those kinds of stories makes me feel cheery.They make me feel like the world is a good place, full of people who care for each other.Unlike those about kids who are trying to be the best.
【语篇解读】本文是议论文。

作者认为家长们过分注重孩子们的天赋而忽略了品格。

1．Hearing other moms bragging about their gifted kids, the author feels________．A．calm B．proud C．ashamed D．surprised
答案 C [推理判断题。

由第一段开头的I’m having a lot of conflicting emotions 和第二段中的Maybe I’d be out there bragging with some moms if she was...以及第三段中的But that’s a lie.I prayed for better than normal.Maybe that’s why I feel terrible when...可推断，作者的女儿智力平平；当听到别的妈妈夸耀自己孩子多么有天赋时，作者会感到很羞愧。

]
2．What does the underlined word “prodigy” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．A person who studies hard.
B．A person who acts unwisely.
C．A person with unusual abilities.
D．A person with a great personality.
答案 C [词义猜测题。

由第二段中的if she was reading on an eighth grade level instead of...being some kind of combination of Gandhi and Mozart可推断，画线词的意思是“奇才”。

]
3．Which of the following can best describe Violet?
A．She is intelligent. B．She is kind－hearted.
C．She is a perfect girl. D．She is sometimes lonely.
答案 B [推理判断题。

由第四段中的she also cares about other people’s feelings 及下文所举的两个例子可推断，Violet是一个善良的女孩。

]
4．The author prefers to listen to stories about________．
A．kids’ happy lives B．kids’ achievements
C．kids’ good charactersD．kids’ remarkable talents
答案 C [细节理解题。

由最后一段中的But no one brags about how nice their kid is...stories of kindness可知，作者喜欢听关于孩子们的好品格的故事。

]
Ⅵ.阅读七选五
Chuck was in my high－school English class.__1__ So, when he told me he had been accepted into the journalism program at the University of Misso uri, I wasn’t surprised.
During the first year at college, Chuck stopped by school a few times.We talked about our work together several years before.We had raised money together for twenty －three sick and abandoned babies.__2__It was an activity that in some ways changed our formal relationship into a friendship.
In his second year in college, it was discovered that Chuck had lung cancer and had only a short while to live.So he left school and came home to be near to his loved ones.
About six weeks later, Chuck died.__3__The youngest of nine children, Chuck was talented and full of promise.More importantly, he was a good person, a just man.
When I went to his funeral (葬礼), his father asked to speak with me.He told me that before Chuck’s death, he chose six i tems to bury with him.__4__ He told me that Chuck had always kept the piece because he liked the message I had written to him at the bottom of the last page.In that little note, I affirmed (肯定) his talent as a writer and I encouraged him to be responsible for the gift.
__5__His taking my note with him forever offered me a great opportunity for influencing students’ lives.I felt inspired with a sense of purpose that was greater than ever: teachers have the power to affect hearts and minds for a long time. A．He was a writer of great promise.
B．Chuck helped to raise several thousand dollars.
C．Whenever I forget my purpose, I think of Chuck.
D．It was a great loss for everyone, especially for his family.
E．My spirits were lifted up as Chuck was filled with the joy of life.
F．One of them was an essay he had written in my class some years before.
G．I was touched and grateful to Chuck who gave me a special gift that would change my life.
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。

Chuck是作者曾经教过的学生。

在他英年早逝后，他让家人把作者给他一篇文章的评语陪他一起埋葬，这让作者意识到了身为教师能带给他人的巨大影响。

1．A [根据本空后的内容可知，Chuck被密苏里大学的新闻学专业录取后，作者并不感到惊讶，这是因为Chuck“是一个很有前途的作家”。

]
2．B [根据本空前的We had raised money可知，Chuck和作者一起为23个病婴、弃婴筹钱，由此可推测，这里是说“Chuck帮助筹集了几千美元”。

]
3．D [根据本段内容可知，Chuck是家里最小的孩子，而且有天赋、有前途，是个正直的好孩子，所以他的去世“对所有人，尤其是他的家人来说，是个巨大的损失”。

]
4．F [根据下段中的．..the piece because he liked the message I had written to him at the bottom of the last page可推测，Chuck选择的陪葬品之一是“多年前他在作者的班上写的一篇文章”。

]
5．G [根据本段中的offered me a great opportunity for influencing students’ lives.I felt inspired...可知，Chuck的这个选择让作者“既感动又感激”，因为“他给了作者一份可以改变作者人生的特殊礼物”。

]
Ⅶ.语法填空
Many people would find __1__ hard to live in a world without chocolate. However, according to chocolate makers, it could happen unless we take __2__ (act)．There are two main __3__ (cause) of the chocolate shortage—chocolate’s growing popularity and less production of cocoa, the plant from which chocolate __4__ (make). With more and more people __5__ (love) chocolate, not much can be done about the first cause.
Therefore, the only thing we can do is increase cocoa production. However, new plant diseases and little rain in Ivory Coast and Ghana, the world’s largest producers, __6__ (reduce) cocoa production by 40 percent in the past 10 years.__7__(bad) still, many cocoa farmers in Africa and other cocoa－producing countries are switching __8__ easier－to－grow crops such as corn or rubber.
To increase cocoa production, researchers at the International Cocoa Control Centre，__9__(open) recently in the UK, are trying to create new cocoa plants __10__ are stronger and faster growing. They are combining the best parts from different cocoa plants. Though the world is facing a serious shortage of chocolate, there is now hope!
【语篇解读】本文为说明文，题材为社会文化类。

当今世界巧克力供不应求，国际可可控制中心将采取措施研究新型可可植株以提高产量。

1．it [考查代词。

it在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to live in a world without chocolate。

]
2．action [考查词形变化。

空格中所填单词在句中作take的宾语，需用act的名词形式；take action意为“采取行动”。

]
3．causes [考查名词。

根据空格前后内容可知，导致巧克力缺乏的原因主要有两种，需用cause的复数形式。

]
4．is made [考查动词的时态与语态。

主语chocolate是谓语动词动作make的承受者，需用被动语态；这里说的是一般性情况，用一般现在时。

]
5．loving [考查非谓语动词。

With more and more people loving chocolate是“with ＋复合宾语”结构，宾语people与宾补动作love之间是主动关系，故用love的现在分词形式。

]
6．have reduced [考查时态。

“in the past＋一段时间”作状语，句子常用现在完成时。

] 7．Worse [考查比较级。

worse still (＝what’s worse)意为“更糟糕的是”。

]
8．to [考查介词。

switch to意为“转到……上面去”。

]
9．opened [考查非谓语动词。

opened recently in the UK是过去分词短语作定语，修饰the International Cocoa Control Centre，分词动作open与逻辑主语之间是被动关系。

]
10．that/which [考查定语从句。

关系代词that/which指代先行词plants，引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。

]。