专家系统作业报告

华南农业大学信息学院
动物识别专家系统
一、实验内容
按下列规则，写出一个分类专家系统：
（1）有毛的动物是哺乳类；
（2）有奶的动物是哺乳类；
（3）有羽毛的动物是鸟类；
（4）若动物会飞且会生蛋，则它是鸟类；
（5）吃肉的哺乳类是肉食动物；
（6）犬牙利爪，眼睛向前的是肉食动物；
(7)反刍食物的哺乳类是有蹄类；
（8）有蹄的哺乳类是有蹄类；
（9）黄褐色有暗斑点的肉食类是金钱豹；
（10）黄褐色有黑条纹的肉食类是老虎；
（11）长腿长脖子有黄褐色暗斑的有蹄类是长颈鹿；
（12）有黑白条纹的有蹄类是斑马；
（13）不会飞长腿长脖的鸟是鸵鸟；
（14）不会飞善游泳黑白色的鸟是企鹅；
（15）善飞的鸟是信天翁。

二、实验目的
1．加深对产生式表示法的认识；
2．熟悉数据库的制作与使用。

3. 专家系统的学习与应用
三、实验原理
四、设计过程
1．环境与配置
windows系统，Delphi7.0（可视化程序设计）
2结果如下
3．主要源代码实现过程
//unit2.dfm
unit Unit1;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, V ariants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, DB, DBTables, Grids, DBGrids, DBCtrls, StdCtrls, ExtCtrls,
CheckLst;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
DataSource1: TDataSource;
Query1: TQuery;
DataSource2: TDataSource;
Table1: TTable;
GroupBox1: TGroupBox;
Panel2: TPanel;
Panel1: TPanel;
Panel3: TPanel;
Splitter1: TSplitter;
Splitter2: TSplitter;
ListBox1: TListBox;
ListBox2: TListBox;
Button1: TButton;
Button3: TButton;
Button5: TButton;
Label1: TLabel;
Label2: TLabel;
Button2: TButton;
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button5Click(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
implementation
uses Unit2;
var sql,strWhere:String;
{$R *.dfm}
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
sql:='SELECT 结论FROM 推导';
with table1 do
begin
first;
while not eof do
begin
ListBox1.Items.Add(fieldbyname('条件').asString);
next;
end;
end;
end;
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var i:integer;
begin
i:=0;
while i<Listbox1.Items.Count do
if ListBox1.Selected[i] then
begin
ListBox2.Items.Add(ListBox1.Items[i]);
ListBox1.Items.Delete(i);
end
Else
i:=i+1;
end;
procedure TForm1.Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
var i:integer;
begin
i:=0;
while i<Listbox2.Items.Count do
if ListBox2.Selected[i] then
ListBox2.Items.Delete(i)
Else
i:=i+1;
end;
procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
ListBox2.Items.Clear;
end;
procedure TForm1.Button5Click(Sender: TObject);
var i,tag:integer;
sqlTest,sWtest,sub:String;
begin
i:=0;
strWhere:='';
while i<Listbox2.Items.Count do
begin
if strWhere='' then
begin
sWtest:='WHERE 条件like '+'''%'+ListBox2.Items[i]+'%'' ';
sWtest:=sWtest+'and '+'条件not like ''%不'+ListBox2.Items[i]+'%'' ';
sqlTest:=sql+sWtest;
tag:=0;
if Query1.Active then query1.Close;
query1.SQL.Clear;
query1.SQL.Add(sqlTest);
query1.Active:=true;
query1.First;
while not query1.Eof do
begin
if(Pos('类',query1.fieldbyname('结论').asString)<>0)then
begin
if strWhere='' then strWhere:='WHERE 条件like '+'''%'+query1.fieldbyname('结论').asString+'%'' '
else
strWhere:=strWhere+'or 条件like '+'''%'+query1.fieldbyname('结论').asString+'%'' ';
tag:=1;
end;
query1.Next;
end;
if tag=0 then
begin
strWhere:='WHERE 条件like '+'''%'+ListBox2.Items[i]+'%'' ';
strWhere:=strWhere+'and '+'条件not like ''%不'+ListBox2.Items[i]+'%'' ';
end;
end
else
begin
sWtest:='WHERE 条件like '+'''%'+ListBox2.Items[i]+'%'' ';
sWtest:=sWtest+'and '+'条件not like ''%不'+ListBox2.Items[i]+'%'' ';
sqlTest:=sql+sWtest;
if Query1.Active then query1.Close;
query1.SQL.Clear;
query1.SQL.Add(sqlTest);
query1.Active:=true;
query1.First;
tag:=0;
while not query1.Eof do
begin
if(Pos('类',query1.fieldbyname('结论').asString)<>0)then
begin
sub:=query1.fieldbyname('结论').asString;
if(Pos(sub,strWhere)<>0)then
begin
tag:=1;
break;
end
else
begin
strWhere:=strWhere+'and 条件like '+'''%'+query1.fieldbyname('结论').asString+'%'' ';
tag:=1;
end;
end;
query1.Next;
end;
if tag=1 then begin i:=i+1;continue; end;
sWtest:=strWhere+'and 条件like '+'''%'+ListBox2.Items[i]+'%'' ';
sWtest:=sWtest+'and '+'条件not like ''%不'+ListBox2.Items[i]+'%'' ';
sqlTest:=sql+sWtest;
if Query1.Active then query1.Close;
query1.SQL.Clear;
query1.SQL.Add(sqlTest);
query1.Active:=true;
query1.First;
tag:=0;
while not query1.Eof do
begin
if(Pos('类',query1.fieldbyname('结论').asString)<>0)then
begin
strWhere:=strWhere+'and 条件like '+'''%'+query1.fieldbyname('结论').asString+'%'' ';
tag:=1;
end;
query1.Next;
end;
if tag=0 then
begin
strWhere:=strWhere+'and 条件like '+'''%'+ListBox2.Items[i]+'%'' ';
strWhere:=strWhere+'and '+'条件not like ''%不'+ListBox2.Items[i]+'%'' ';
end;
end;
i:=i+1;
end;
sql:=sql+strWhere;
if Query1.Active then query1.Close;
query1.SQL.Clear;
query1.SQL.Add(sql);
query1.Active:=true;
if query1.RecordCount=1 then
begin
form2:=Tform2.create(nil);
form2.Left:=form1.Left+30;
form2.Top:=form1.Top+20;
sub:=query1.fieldbyname('结论').asString;
tag:=0;
if sub='金钱豹' then tag:=1
else if sub='老虎' then tag:=2
else if sub='长颈鹿' then tag:=3
else if sub='斑马' then tag:=4
else if sub='鸵鸟' then tag:=5
else if sub='企鹅' then tag:=6
else if sub='信天翁' then tag:=7;
case tag of
1:begin
form2.Image1.Picture.LoadFromFile('图片/金钱豹.jpg');
bel2.Caption:='金钱豹';
end;
2:begin
form2.Image1.Picture.LoadFromFile('图片/老虎.jpg');
bel2.Caption:='老虎';
end;
3:begin
form2.Image1.Picture.LoadFromFile('图片/长颈鹿.jpg');
bel2.Caption:='长颈鹿';
end;
4:begin
form2.Image1.Picture.LoadFromFile('图片/斑马.jpg');
bel2.Caption:='斑马';
end;
5:begin
form2.Image1.Picture.LoadFromFile('图片/鸵鸟.jpg');
bel2.Caption:='鸵鸟';
end;
6:begin
form2.Image1.Picture.LoadFromFile('图片/企鹅.jpg');
bel2.Caption:='企鹅';
end;
7:begin
form2.Image1.Picture.LoadFromFile('图片/信天翁.jpg');
bel2.Caption:='信天翁';
end;
else
begin
form2.Image1.V isible:=false;
form2.DBGrid1.Visible:=true;
end;
end;
form1.Enabled:=false;
end
else
if query1.RecordCount>1 then
ShowMessage('条件不足，请输入充足的条件')
else
showMessage('条件相悖，不存在这样的动物');
sql:='SELECT 结论FROM 推导'; ListBox1.Clear;
ListBox2.Clear;
with table1 do
begin
first;
while not eof do
begin
ListBox1.Items.Add(fieldbyname('条件').asString);
next;
end;
end;
end;
end.
//unit2.dfm
unit Unit2;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, V ariants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls, Grids, DBGrids, jpeg;
type
TForm2 = class(TForm)
Label2: TLabel;
Image1: TImage;
DBGrid1: TDBGrid;
procedure FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
end;
var
Form2: TForm2;
implementation
uses Unit1;
{$R *.dfm}
procedure TForm2.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
begin
form1.Enabled:=true; form2.Release; end;
end.
五、实验总结
通过本次实验对人工智能有了新的高度的认识，尤其是在实现专家系统中，对数据库的操作有了新的认识。