大学生英语竞赛D类专科生英语初赛真题2012年

大学生英语竞赛D类专科生英语初赛真题2012年
Part Ⅰ Listening C o m p e r h e n s i o n
Section A
In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. After each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause. During the pause, read the five questions, each with the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. Why isn't Cathy going to the meeting tomorrow?
A.She doesn't know when it will be.
B.She doesn't have to go.
C.She has to go to a party.
B [解
析]
F: I didn't go to the meeting yesterday. Is the next one tomorrow?
M: Yes. It's at three p. m. Are you going to attend it, Cathy?
F: No, it s not a required meeting. And I've got a lot of work to do. But, could you let me know if they mention the party?
Cathy没被要求参加会议，她询问会议并不是要参加而是想知道会上有没有提party的事，因此她不用去，选B。

2. How much will the man pay for the tickets he wants to buy?
A.$35.
B.$25.
C.$50.
C [解
析]
M: Excuse me. How much is the ticket for Wednesday's concert?
F: The full price is 35 dollars. For students, it is 10 dollars off.
M: Thank you. Can I have two students'tickets, please? Here are our student cards.
根据内容可知成人票$35一位，学生票$25一位，男士要两张学生票，因此需付$50，选C。

3. What does Steven think of the lecture?
A.He is doubtful about some of its evidence.
B.He has the same opinion as Angela on the lecture.
C.He thinks it is quite logical and credible.
A [解
析]
F: I thought the lecture on UK regional accents had some credible points about the ways in which English is changing. What do you think of it, Steven?
M: To be honest, Angela, I'm quite skeptical of some of the evidence. It seems to me that their predictions
were insufficiently detailed.
F: Really? I thought the research method appeared to be logical.
Steven说他对一些论据保持怀疑态度，因此选A项。

4. Where's Joe going to travel this time?
A.Italy.
B.Denmark.
C.Germany.
C [解
析]
F: It's so nice that you can always travel around. Where are you going this time, Joe?
M: At first, I thought about going to Italy or Denmark. Considering the cost, I decided on Germany.
F: Show me your photos when you come back.
Joe本打算去意大利或丹麦，可是考虑到路费太贵，于是改为去德国，选C。

5. What can we infer from the conversation?
A.The woman wondered why the man didn't return the book.
B.The woman doesn't seem to know what the book is about.
C.The woman forgot lending the book to the man.
C [解
析]
M: I've brought back your reference book for our Extensive Reading class. I thought you might use it for the exam. I'm really sorry not to have returned it last week.
F: I was wondering where the book was.
M: Sorry again.
当男士把书还给女士时，女士说I was wondering where the book was．可知女士忘了把书借给男士了，故选C。

Section B
In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. After each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the five questions, each with the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
C o n v e r s a t i o n O n e
1. How long will Mr.Solomon stay in the hotel?
A.2 nights.
B.3 nights.
C.4 nights.
C
[解析] 6-10
M: I'd like to check in.
F: Did you make a reservation?
M: Yes, I did. My name is James Solomon.
F: I've got it. Mr. Solomon, it says you'll be staying for 3 nights, right?
M: It was at first, but now I want to stay for 4 nights. Is it OK?
F: Of course.
M: I hope I can get another day for sightseeing. Though I've been to New York and Los Angeles several times, it s my first time in Chicago.
F: Oh? Then welcome to Chicago, sir. We have a single room with a queen size bed for you.
M: Super. Do I need to make a dinner reservation at the hotel restaurant?
F: I can do that for you. What time would you like to have dinner?
M: We will finish the meeting at a quarter to seven. I may have dinner half an hour later.
F: No problem. I'll reserve a table for you in advance.
M: Perfect. Make it a table for two. My associate will be joining me.
F: Certainly. I'll just need to see a credit card to verify your room.
M: Here you are.
F: It's all set now. We hope you'll enjoy your stay with us, Mr. Solomon.
根据对话，Mr.Solomon本来预订了三天的旅店，入住时又延长了一天来观光，因此是四天，选C。

2. What kind of room will he stay in?
A.A single room with a queen size bed.
B.A double room with a good view.
C.A suite of two singles.
A
根据对话内容可知Mr.Solomon住的是single room with a queen size bed，选A。

3. When is he going to have dinner?
A.6:45.
B.7:00.
C.7:15.
C Mr.Solomon在6:45开完会，半个小时之后吃饭，因此是7:15，选
C。

4. Who will he have dinner with?
A.His wife.
B.His associate.
C.His friend.
B Mr.Solomon告诉旅店他吃饭时要留两个位置，他的助手和他一起吃，选
B。

5. Which city is he visiting now?
A.New York.
B.Los Angeles.
C.Chicago.
C
对话中说他第一次来芝加哥，所以才要多待一天观光，选C。

C o n v e r s a t i o n T wo
6. Why does Ellen want some new clothes?
A.For her holiday.
B.For her new job.
C.For her brother's w e dd i ng.
C
[解析] 11-15
F: Excuse me. Where are the dresses?
M: They're at the end of this aisle, on the left. Can I help you with anything?
F: Yes, maybe, r m not fromaround here, so I don't know this store.
M: Well, I can help you with anything you need.
F: Fantastic. I'm actually down here for my brother's wedding and I need something to wear. I've just started a new job and I haven't had time to get anything yet. I'm looking for something smart, maybe a new dress. M: Well, what about this one?
F: I think it's too hot for long sleeves.
M: Yes, well, this one has shorter sleeves and still has the bow, which I think is a nice detail. Or how about this red skirt?
F: I think I'll go for the dress with the bow. Do you have it in size 10?
M: Let me have a look... Oh, sorry, we don't have any in size 10 now. Can I place an order and have it sent to you within two days?
F: Yes, that's fine.
M: I need to take down a few details for delivery. Can I take your name and address?
F: Ellen Barker. It'll be my brother's address. It's 15... no... 14 Brightwell Avenue.
M: OK... Can you spell that, please?
F: Yes, B-R-I-G-H-T-W-E-L-L Avenue, Staybridge, Kent, DA4, 7DF.
M: And can I take a contact number?
F: Yes, my mobile number is 03221 7774.
M: 03221 7775.
F: No, it s a 4 at the end.
M: Sorry, I've got it now. And how would you like to pay?
F: Must I pay by debit card or any card is OK?
M: Any way you like.
F: Then I will pay by credit card.
M: Great. That comes to 30 pounds.
F: Well, thanks.
Ellen要参加哥哥的婚礼，需要买一件新衣服，因此选C。

7. Which of the following will Ellen buy?
B Ellen买的是dress，而且没有袖子，因此选
B。

8. Where will the dress be sent to?
A.14 Brightwell Avenue, Kent, DA4 7DF.
B.15 Brightwell Avenue, Kent, DA4 7DF.
C.16 Brightwell Avenue, Brighton, BN4 7DF.
A
Ellen要求店员把衣服送到她哥哥的住处，是14 Brightwell Avenue,Kent,DA4,7DF。

9. What is Ellen's mobile number?
A.03221 7774.
B.03221 7775.
C.03221 7776.
A Ellen说的电话号码是032217774，而店员听错了，记成了032217775，故正确的是
A。

10. How will Ellen pay for the dress?
A.By cash.
B.By credit card.
C.By debit card.
B
根据对话内容可知，Ellen是用信用卡付的钱，选B。

Section C
In this section, you will hear a monologue. The monologue will be read twice. After the monologue, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the five questions, each with the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. What Happens in the Night is based on .
A.a story the director was told
B.the director's childhood experience
C.a story from a comic book
B
[解析] 16-20
The films I'll talk about are What Happens in the Night, a horror film and Happy as Larry, a romance comedy. Let's start with What Happens in the Night. Set in a convent school, it tells the story of two boys who are haunted by ghosts of monks. The film has the feel of a comic book as it is shot in black and white with occasional shots of vivid color. De Neiburg, the director, claims his inspiration for the film was his own experience growing up in 1950s Liverpool. Ghosts or not, this film is certainly haunting. It is a film that will scare you. I wouldn't say it is the best horror film of the year, but it's certainly shot beautifully and it's not
hard to follow. An enjoyable film, I would give it four stars.
In Happy as Larry, Sonya Smith and Harrison Wyatt played two people who fall in love but can't be
A.the best horror film of the year
B.difficult to understand
C.visually terrifying
C
第一段最后the speaker不敢说What Happens in the Night是本年最好的恐怖电影，但是他肯定了电影的视觉效果，原文为I wouldn't say it is the best horror film of the year，but it's certainly shot beautifull y…，故选C。

3. In real life, the stars of Happy as Larry .
A.didn't get on
B.fell in love
C.are best friends
A
短文中有一句话in real life，they barely spoke to each other，可知在现实生活中这两个人不怎么交往，所以选A。

4. The speaker recommends you watch Happy as Larry if .
A.you are a woman
B.you like Sonya's other films
C.you like romantic films
C
最后说话人建议如果喜欢看浪漫电影，是可以选择Happy as Larry的，但如果喜欢喜剧的朋友可以选择其他的电影，原文为If you want romance,this film is fine,but if you want comedy,I would recommend seeing something else,故选C。

5. What can you learn from the monologue?
A.The speaker gives What Happens in the Night five stars.
B.If you want to watch a comedy, Happy as Larry is a good choice.
C.What Happens in the Night is basically a black and white film.
C
从短文第一段the film has the feel of a comic book as it is shot in black and white…可知这部电影的背景基本是黑白系列，故选C。

Section D
In this section, you will hear a short passage. The passage will be read twice. There are ten missing words or phrases, filling in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
Today I'd like to talk about what helps people successfully integrate into a new culture. Whereas the reasons for migration are nowadays fairly easy to identify and largely related to 1 or political instability, the factors behind being able to 2 the new culture and create a new life are 3 more complex.
Let's start with an overview of the issues as shown on this diagram. Starting on the left, there are two li s t s of factors: internal and external. It's important notice that the internal factors, in other words those based on an individual's 4 , are divided into positive factors-trusting others and acknowledging people are different, and negative factors-being afraid and being 5 people. Now, you should also notice that external factors are not labeled in this way. It's much more difficult to know how to 6 of external factors and whether they actually are external or not. The influence of family relationships, climate, 7 , and the ability to communicate in the language of the new culture have wide-ranging effects which are difficult to measure and can 8 any research.
Now focus on the center of the diagram, and you'll see this phrase: "Coping strategies. " This is important because studies have shown that people, who integrate well into a new culture, are those who have eradicated any negativity, and 9 , and adopted coping strategies such as observing people, and taking time to li s te n
a nd ask questions in order to diminish the effects of 10 .
1.
employment opportunities
[解析] 21-30
Today, I'd like to talk about what helps people successfully integrate into a new culture. Whereas the reasons for migration are nowadays fairly easy to identify and largely related to employment opportunities or political instability, the factors behind being able to adapt to the new culture and create a new life are considerably more complex.
Let's start with an overview of the issues as shown on this diagram. Starting on the left, there are two lists of factors: internal and external. It's important to notice that the internal factors, in other words those based on an individual's personality, are divided into positive factors-trusting others and acknowledging people are different, and negative factors-being afraid and being suspicious of people. Now, you should also notice that external factors are not labeled in this way. It's much more difficult to know how to measure the effects of external factors and whether they actually are external or not. The influence of family relationships, climate, beliefs and values, and the ability to communicate in the language of the new culture have wide-ranging effects which are difficult to measure and can distort any research.
Now focus on the center of the diagram, and you'll see this phrase: "Coping strategies. " This is im por ta n t because studies have shown that people, who integrate well into a new culture, are those who have eradicated any negativity, and made positive choices, and adopted coping strategies such as observing people, and taking time to listen and ask questions in order to diminish the effects of culture shock...
2.
adapt to
3.
considerably
4.
personality
5.
suspicious of
6.
measure the effects
7.
beliefs and values
8.
distort
9.
made positive choices
10.
culture shock
Part Ⅱ Vo c abu l a r y and S t r u c t u r e
There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.
1. It was midday. , I put on the light.
A.Even so
B.Though
C.So
D.Even though
A
[解析] 虽然是白天，但即使如此，我也开着灯。

midday和put on the light形成转折，故选A，表示“即使如此”。

though和even though也可表转折，但even though不能单独使用，后面需接让步状语从
句，though单独使用时作副词，往往用于句尾。

2. The government is going to the old church and build a new one in its place.
A.abolish
B.eliminate
C.demolish
D.ruin
C
[解析] 政府将要拆掉旧教堂，并在原来的地方建一座新教堂。

abolish废除，废止；取消，革除。

eliminate消除，排除。

demolish拆除；破坏；推翻。

ruin废墟；毁灭；使破产。

根据句意，demolish最符合。

3. Jeff was a opponent, and I respected him for that.
A.scary
B.dreadful
C.formidable
D.threatening
C
[解析] 杰夫是一个强大的对手，正因为如此我很尊敬他。

scary吓人的；胆小的。

dreadful可怕的；令人害怕的。

formidable强大的；令人敬畏的。

threatening危险的；胁迫的。

后一句说尊敬杰夫，因此选formidable。

4. If plastic and rubber are burnt, they'll poisonous gases.
A.give up
B.give in
C.give away
D.give off
D
[解析] 如果燃烧塑料和橡胶，它们就会释放出有毒气体。

give up放弃；交出。

give in屈服；让步；交上。

give away放弃；泄露；分发。

give off发出(光，气味等)。

塑料和橡胶燃烧会散发气味，故选D。

5. You don't object late tonight, do you?
A.to work
B.to working
C.work
D.working
B
[解析] 你不反对今晚晚点下班吧，对吧?object to doing sth.反对做某事。

选B。

6. When he realized I at him, he away.
A.looked ; was turning
B.was looking ; turned
C.was looking; was turning
D.looked ; turned
B
[解析] 当他意识到我在看他，他转过身去了。

when在这里引导时间状语从句，时间状语从句中又包含一个宾语从句。

realize用的是过去式，因此宾语从句中用过去时态，主句也用过去时态。

根据句意，宾语从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时，故选B。

7. Walking under a ladder be unlucky.
A.supposes to
B.should
C.ought
D.is supposed to
D
[解析] 在梯子下面走被认为是不吉利的be supposed to应该，猜想会。

注意本题要用被动语态，选D。

8. Terry rarely spends much money clothes, ?
A.on; doesn't she
B.on ; does she
C.at; does she
D.at ; doesn't she
B
[解析] Terry很少在衣服上花大钱。

这里考察反义疑问句。

当陈述句部分带有表示否定意义的词时，例如seldom,rarely,little,nothing等时，疑问句部分用肯定。

spe nd…on sth．在…上花钱。

选B。

9. If you c o me round t h i s e v e n i ng, I'll
A.think the world of you
B.put you into the picture
C.drop you a line
D.read between the lines
B
[解析] 如果你今天晚上过来的话，我就把你算进去。

put sb.into the picture把某人算进…中。

think the wodd of sb.对某人评价高，敬佩某人。

drop sb.a line给某人写信。

read between the lines体会言外之意。

根据句意，推测晚上有活动，如果去，就算一个，故选B。

10. His last book received excellent in the newspaper.
A.reviews
B.previews
C.revisions
D.preludes
A
[解析] 他最近的一本书在报上得到了非常棒的评论。

review综述；评论；复习。

preview预览；试映；事先查看。

revision修正；复习；修订本。

prelude前奏；序幕。

由句意可知选A，取“评论”意。

11. If something happens once in a blue moon, how often does it happen?
A.Occasionally
B.Very rarely
C.Only once.
D.Often.
B
once in a blue moon俚语，用来形容千载难逢的，极其少见的。

故选B。

12. -It turned out she went to the same school as my sister.
-Well !
A.You live and learn, don't you?
B.It turned out all right, didn't it?
C.It's a small world, isn't it?
D.I wouldn't bet on it.
C
这里说：“她和我妹妹上了同一所学校”，另一个人就感慨这世界真小。

故选C。

13. -OK. First, I have to ask you a question.
-Almost three years now.
-Fine. We'll now fill in this form to apply for your loan.
A.How often do you loan from the bank?
B.How about a loan for three years?
C.How long have you been at your regular job?
D.How old is your daughter now?
C
[解析] ——首先，我想问你正式工作了多久?——差不多三年了。

根据回答可知第一个人想问第二个人有没有正式工作，故选C。

14. -Good morning! University Language Center. How can I help you?
-I'm interested in doing an English course.
-Yes, of course. Well, we actually offer a number of courses at different levels. Are you looking for full time or part time?
-Oh, I couldn't manage full time as I work every day.
A.Can you tell me something about the courses?
B.How many courses do you have in a week?
C.Would you mind giving me some information?
D.Do I have to attend the full-time classes?
A
[解析] 有一个人想申请University Language Center的英语课程，于是空白处应填入此人希望工作人员给他介绍一下课程，因此选A。

15. -Dad, do you have a minute?
-Sure, honey. What can I do for you?
- I need some advice.
-It's about time. Where are you planning to apply?
-Well, I could go to State University and I know it's the cheapest. But I want to go to the Prestige University, because of its leisure studies program.
A.I'm wondering if you could tell me something about college life.
B.Where shall I go for summer holidays?
C.When will the movie about college life be on?
D.I'm trying to make a decision about college.
D
[解析] 儿子决定不了该上哪一个大学，向父亲寻求建议。

根据后面儿子既想上State University又想上Prestige University可知他拿不定注意，需要父亲的建议，故选D。

Part ⅢC l o ze
Read the passage and fill in each blank with one word. Ch, oose the word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word or by using the given letter(s) of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
Steve Jobs, co-founder and former chief executive of US technoloy giant Apple, has died at the age of 56. Tributes have been made. Apple said he had been "the source of 1 (count) innovations that enrich and imp 2 all of our lives" and had made the world "immeasurably better". Even US President Barack Obama said t h e world had "lost a visionary".
In 2004, Mr. Jobs announced that he was su 3 from pancreatic cancer. And he had a liver t r a nsp la n t
f i v e years later. In January, 2011, he took a medical leave, before resignin
g as CEO in August and handing over his duties to Tim Cook, who was made Apple's CEO after Mr. Jobs stood down in August, 2011. In his resi 4 letter, Mr. Jobs said: "I believe Apple's brightest and most 5 ( innovate) days are ahead of it. And I look forward to watching and 6 . (contribution) to its success in a new role. " However, Mr. Jobs stayed on as Apple's chairperson.
As the face of Apple, Steve Jobs represented its ded 7 to high-end technology arid fashionable design. Mr. Jobs relied on his own instinct for refining 8 (existence) technologies and developing new produ ct s
a nd packaging them in a way that people would want to use. So appealing were gadgets such as the iPod, iPhone and iPad 9 the public quickly engaged with them. That was due, in no small part, 10 Steve Jobs'ability as a salesman-explaining his products simply in a way that everyone could understand.
Please remember sentences from Mr, Job's commencement address in Stanford University delivered on June 12, 2005, "Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish".
1.
countless
(乔布斯被认为是无限创新的源泉，count计数；数。

这里需要它的反义词countless。

)
2.
improve
(and前后的动词是并列关系，形式是一样的，故这里应填improve，用原形。

)
3.
suffering
(乔布斯在2004宣布他得了胰腺癌。

由首字母及句意推断这里填suffering，受病痛的折磨。

)
4.
resignation
(49空前面几句说乔布斯辞去了苹果CEO的职务，根据后面一词letter推断该空填resignation，是辞职信
的意思)
5.
innovative
(and前面是形容词最高级brightest，后面也应该是，因此该空应填innovative。

)
6.
contributing
(look forward to doing sth．期望干某事。

故此空应填contributing。

)
7.
dedication
(苹果以乔布斯做人物代表凸显了他为苹果所做的贡献。

根据首字母推断该空应填dedicationo)
8.
existing
(乔布斯根据自己的直觉想要改善现有技术并开发新产品和新包装来满足人们的需求。

这里应用形容词，故填existing。

)
9.
that
(该空后面的句子是一个定语从句，修饰the iPod，iPhone and iPad，而从句中不缺成份，故填that。

)
10.
to
(这句话中有一个插入语，将due to分开了，due to由于，归功于。

)
Part Ⅳ Reading C o m p e r h e n s i o n
Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions according to the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
Section A
Football is the most popular spectator sport in the world and Brazil is arguably the greatest footballing nation in the world, having won five times in the World Cup. Even people who are not keen on football may have heard of PeI6, who is often considered the world's greatest player. However, how many football fans are familiar with Charles Miller and his contribution to what Pelé called "the beautiful game"?
Known as the father of Brazilian football, Charles Miller was born on 24 November, 1874, in Sao Paulo to a Scottish father and Brazilian mother. In 1884, he was sent to school in England, where he learned to play both football and cricket. Miller became skilled in running with the ball, heading and taking free kicks.
In 1894, Miller returned to Brazil with two balls and a copy of rules of football. The Sao Paulo Athletic Club (SPAC) had been formed in 1888 by a group of British men who played mainly cricket. Miller persuaded them to take up football. He was also instrumental in setting up the Liga Paulista, the first football league in Brazil. Over the first 20 years of the next century, state championships were formed throughout Brazil and in 1914 the first national side played against Argentina.
Miller was not only a great player, but also an excellent coach and administrator. In Brazil, he spent a lot of time and effort teaching and coaching Brazilians. After retiring as a player, he continued to be a referee until the age of 50.
When football became professional in Brazil in 1933, Miller was disappointed and decided to have no more contact with the game. He felt that sportspeople should be amateurs-he didn't like the introduction of money and business into sport. For Miller, football was a game, and about participation and doing your best, not money.
Charles Miller's memory lives on in the skillful individual game which is Brazilian football. It is also kept alive in another way. When the Sao Paulo sports writers association brought out a dictionary of football terms in Portuguese, only one word survived from the vocabulary of the past: the charles or chaleira. Named after Charles Miller, it is a clever pass with the heel of the foot. The exciting ball skills of all the great Brazilian players, including Pelr, owe something to the pioneering spirit of Charles Miller and his passion for the game of football.
1. Where was Charles Miller in 18847
A.Brazil.
B.England.
C.Scotland.
D.Argentina.
B
文章第二段第二句说1884年，Charles Miller被送到英格兰的学校，他在那学会了足球和板球，故选B。

2. The best title of the passage should be .
A.Charles Miller. the best player in the world
B.A final honor for Charles Miller
C.Charles Miller, father of the beautiful game
D.Charles Miller, who plays only for pleasure
C
文章主要介绍了Chades Miller在足球这一项运动中做出的贡献，因此最佳题目为C项。

and his strong 5. Charles Miller contributed a lot to the skills of all great Brazilian players with his
love for the football game.
pioneering spirit
(根据全文意思及最后一句话可知，Charles Miller对足球的贡献堪称先行者，他的精神是先行者精神，故填pioneering spirit。

)
Section B
Are You a Successful L e ad e r?
The Successful Leadership Trust-our company specializes in training you to be a successful leader for whatever situation you're in.
Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation. At work or at play, you'll find yourself in groups, working with other people: your team at work, a meeting with colleagues, your family, a holiday with friends, a group of students working together, a group of neighbors wanting to make changes. It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success, partly because we need to do it so often.
In almost every situation where you're in a group, you will need a skilled leader. All groups need lea d e rs and all successful groups have good leaders. Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down. Members of a leaderless group often feel dissatisfied and frustrated. Time is wasted and the tasks are not achieved. There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear. Some personalities dominate and others disappear and often group members don't come to meetings in order to avoid more disharmony.
Some people are natural leaders. The celebrity chef, Antonio Carluccio, says, "True leaders are born a nd you can spot them in kitchens. They're people who combine toughness, fairness and humor. " Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders, most people recognize that leadership can also be taught. Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader. Good leaders don't make people do things in a bossy and controlling way. You can learn how to involve everyone, encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal.
Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader. Self-confidence is vital and being able to overcome your own fears about being a leader. Successful leaders also need to be able to work out good strategies and make sound judgments under pressure. Lastly, and probably most importantly, good leaders need to be sensitive, sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people. Good leadership is essentially the ability to influence others and good leaders allow all members of the group to contribute.
1. Why will there be lots of arguments in a leaderless group?
Without a leader，there is nobody to keep the goals clear．
(文中第二段There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear.这句话包含了答案，没有领导或没有好的领导，一个团队就会因为没有目标而乱作一团。

)
2. What is probably the most important quality of a good leader?
They should be sensitive,sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people. (最后一段提到Lastly,and probably most importantly,good leadership need to be sensitive,sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people．因此好的领导必须首先具备sensitive,sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people这三种能力。

)
3. Being able to work in a group is one of the major factors of success.
A
(文章第一段最后提到It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to Success…，成功的关键在于能否与他人很好的合作去做好一项工作。

故本题正确。

)
4. Groups of people doing social activities generally don't need leaders.
B
(文章着重介绍了领导的重要性，第二段提到All groups need leaders and all successful groups have good leaders．显然本句话错误。

)
5. Most people agree that leadership is a natural-born talent rather than a learned skill.
A
(由第三段Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders，most peopie recognize that leadership can also be taught．可知，虽然很多人认为领导才能是天生的，但是大部分人觉得领导能力是可以学习的。

)
Section C
They Just C an't Help I t
What kind of brain do you have? Simon Baron-Cohen, who has done intensive research, says there are really big differences between male and female brains.
My theory is that the female brain is mainly built for empathy (E), the ability to understand other people, and that the male brain is mainly built for understanding and building systems (S). According to this theory, there are three brain types: the Ebrain, the S-brain and the "balanced brain" which has both abilitiesempathy and systems-thinking (the ability to understand how things work).
It is important to stress that not all women have the E-brain, and not all men have the S-brain. But。