山东省新高考英语大二轮总复习 第一板块 语法填空 专题一 语法填空教案-人教版高三全册英语教案

专题一语法填空
[考纲解读·定方向]
《考试说明》指出：语法填空题旨在考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对语法知识的掌握情况，着重考查考生的综合语言运用能力。

“实词考查为主，虚词考查为辅”是该题型的命题原则：“突出语篇，强调运用”为其命题思路。

该题型要求考生需对常用语法项目的基本概念、用法等掌握清楚，如：明白什么时候用冠词，哪些是从句，要填的词的词性是什么，是否是固定搭配，所填的词是否符合文章的主题、上下文逻辑等。

对应学生用书P6
[全国卷三年考情分析]
试卷年
份
体
裁
与
词
数
题
材
“有提示词类”填空“无提示词类”填空
[命题者说] 谓
语
动
词
非
谓
语
动
词
名
词
转
化
名
词
代
词
比
较
级
冠
词
介
词
副
词
代
词
连词
与状
语从
句
定
语
从
句
名词性
从
句
全国卷Ⅰ2
1
9
说
明
文
(17
5)
人
与
动
物
2 2 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
1.素养考查：旨在考查考生的
思维品质、文化意识和学习能
力。

2.考查目的：主要考查在运用
英语过程中的词法和句法基
本知识，兼顾行文逻辑、习惯
用法、固定搭配以及常用句型
等。

3.选材趋势：一般选取200
词左右的记叙文或说明文，内2
1
8
说
明
文
(19
6)
跑
步
健
身
1 3 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
式。

The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence____61____they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been____62____(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000­25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods____63____tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s，and are expensive____64____(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut____65____(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a____66____(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by____67____(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are____68____(high) than they actually are. Of____69____nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six____70____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文，主题语境为人与自然，主题语境内容为人与动物。

文章介绍了北极熊的分布区域和北极熊数量的变化情况。

61．解析：that 考查同位语从句。

虽然在北纬88度以北很少见到北极熊，但是有证据表明它们在整个北极地区活动，向南甚至远到加拿大的詹姆斯湾。

设空处引导同位语从句，说明evidence的内容，该从句不缺少任何成分，所以要用that引导。

62．解析：poorly 考查副词。

因为对许多区域调查得不够充分，所以很难计算出全球
北极熊的数量。

设空处单词修饰动词studied，故用其副词形式poorly。

63．解析：of/for 考查介词。

现代化的跟踪调查北极熊数量的方法在20世纪80年代中期就开始被采用。

methods of/for doing sth.做某事的方法。

64．解析：to perform 考查不定式。

这些方法大面积持续使用起来，费用很高。

sth.be ＋adj.＋to do，其中不定式作状语，与sth.是动宾关系。

65．解析：have reported 考查动词时态和主谓一致。

最近几年，生活在Nunavut的一些因纽特人报告说他们在人类居住区周围看到北极熊的次数增加了。

设空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语In recent years可知，时态为现在完成时，主语some Inuit people 为复数形式，故填have reported。

66．解析：belief 考查名词。

这些报告使人们相信北极熊的数量正在增长。

设空处作leading to的宾语，且前面有不定冠词a修饰，故用所给动词的名词形式belief。

67．解析：noting 考查非谓语动词。

科学家们对此作出了回应，他们指出饥饿的北极熊可能正在人类的定居点附近聚集。

设空处作介词by的宾语，故用v.­ing形式，即by doing sth.通过做某事。

68．解析：higher 考查比较级。

这就造成了北极熊数量比它们实际数量要多的错觉。

根据空后的than可知，此处要用形容词的比较级形式higher。

69．解析：the 考查冠词。

句意：在被认出来的19个北极熊亚群中，有3个数量在降低，有6个是稳定的，1个在增加，还有9个缺少足够的数据。

设空处在本句中表示特指，故填定冠词the。

70．解析：are 考查时态和主谓一致。

根据设空处前后与本空并列的谓语动词的时态可知，本空需用一般现在时；主语是six(subpopulations)，故填are。

一、“有提示词类”考点例析
提示词为动词
“一定三思”解“动词”
[命题点1] 考查谓语动词
解题攻略若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；此时，应先考虑时态，考生可以根据句中的时间状语或语篇提示确定时态，然后考虑语态，最后需考虑主谓一致和语气问题，以此来确定谓语动词的数。

)to watch，together with the story behind it.
典例3 (2019·浙江卷6月，语法填空)Other
American studies showed no
____69____ (connect)between
uniforms and school performance.
[分析] 考查名词。

句意：其他的美
国研究表明，校服和学生在学校的表
现之间没有联系。

no后既可以用名词
的单数形式也可以用名词的复数形
式。

故填connection/connections。

提示词为名词
解题攻略
所给提示词是名词时，一般考查名词单数变为复数；有时考查构词法，主要是
名词派生为形容词或动词，偶尔考查派生为其他词意的名词。

典例1 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空)They also
shared with us
many____67____(tradition)stories
about Hawaii that were hugely popular
with tourists.
[分析] 考查形容词。

设空处修饰
后面的名词，故用所给词的形容词
形式traditional。

典例2 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空)Two of the
authors of the review also made a
study published in 2014 which showed
a mere five to 10 minutes a day of
running reduced the risk of heart
disease and early deaths from all
____67____(cause)．
[分析] cause 表示“原因，起
因”时是可数名词，前面有all，
故填cause的复数形式causes。

典例3 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空)To avoid
knee pain，you can run on soft
surfaces，do exercises to
____68____(strength)your leg
muscles(肌肉)，avoid hills and get
good running shoes.
[分析] 此处不定式短语作目的
状语，故填strength的动词形式
strengthen。

典例4 (2018·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空)I'm
a____66____(science)who studies
animals such as apes and monkeys.
[分析] 由空后的who可知，定语
从句的先行词是表示人的名词。

故
填scientist。

提示词为形容词或副词
“二步思维”破“形、副”
[命题点1] 考查形容词或副词的比较等级
解题攻略
所给提示词是形容词或副词时，需考虑是否变为比较级，有时还需考虑变为最
高级。

如若不是，则需考虑词类转换。

典例1 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空)Scientists
have responded by noting that hungry
bears may be congregating(聚集)
around human settlements, leading to
the illusion(错觉) that populations
are____68____(high) than they
actually are.
[分析] 考查比较级。

这就造成了北
极熊数量比它们实际数量要多的错
觉。

根据空后的than可知，此处要
用形容词的比较级形式higher。

典例2 (2018·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空)He screams
the ____63____(loud)of all.The noise
shakes the trees as the male beats his
chest and charges toward me.
[分析] 由空前的the 以及空后的
of all可知要用最高级。

故填
loudest。

典例3 (2017·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空)Even
____66____(bad)，the amount of fast
food that people eat goes up.
[分析] 根据语境可知，此处表示程
度的加深，所以用比较级形式。

even
worse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。

故填worse。

[命题点2] 考查词类转换
解题攻略
所给提示词是形容词时，需要考虑形容词转换为副词，有时还需要考虑转
换为名词。

典例1 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空)It is
difficult to figure out a global
population of polar bears as much
of the range has
been____2____(poor) studied;
however, biologists calculate
that there are about
20,000­25,000 polar bears
worldwide.
[分析] 考查副词。

因为对许多区域
调查得不够充分，所以很难计算出全
球北极熊的数量。

设空处单词修饰动
词studied，故用其副词形式poorly。

典例2 (2019·全国卷Ⅱ，语法填空)Her
years of hard work have
____63____(final)been
acknowledged after a customer
nominated(提名)her to be
Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
[分析] 考查副词。

句意：在一位客
户提名她为柴郡的年度女性之后，她
多年的努力工作终于得到了认可。

根
据文章中的句子结构可知，设空处修
饰谓语动词，作状语，需要用所给词
的副词形式。

故填finally。

典例3 (2018·全国卷Ⅱ，语法填空)A
taste for meat is
____63____(actual) behind the
change：An important part of its
corn is used to feed chickens，
pigs，and cattle.
[分析] 修饰作状语的介词短语
behind the change，用形容词actual
的副词形式actually。

典例4 (2017·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空)It is
____70____ (certain)fun but the
lifestyle is a little unreal.
[分析] 此处应该用副词来修饰形
容词fun，certain的副词形式为
certainly。

提示词为代词
解题攻略
所给提示词是代词时，一般考查人称代词变为物主代词。

有时需考虑人称代词
单数变为复数、主格变为宾格、人称代词变为反身代词等。

典例1 (2018·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空)When
the gorillas and I frightened each
other，I was just glad to find
____68____(they)alive.
[分析] 因空处作动词find的宾语，故
应填人称代词的宾格形式，即them。

典例2 (2016·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空)On my
recent visit，I held a lively
three­month­old twin that had
been rejected by
____68____(it)mother.
[分析] mother是名词，所填词作定语
修饰mother，故填其形容词性物主代词
its。

二、“无提示词类”考点例析对应学生用书P11
“二步”填准无提示词
填代词
解题攻略
无提示词的考查中，当句中缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填代词，主要包括人
称代词，不定代词以及it的用法。

典例1 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填
空)Running is cheap，easy and
it's always energetic.If you
are time poor，you need run for
only half the time to get the
same benefits as other sports，
so perhaps we should all give
____70____ a try.
[分析] give it a try 为固定搭配，
表示“试一试”。

根据语境可知，此
处it指代running，故填it，也可填
running。

典例2 (2018·浙江卷6月，语法填
空)Many westerners who come to
China cook much less than in
their own countries once they
realize how cheap____63____ can
be to eat out.
[分析] 根据语境可知，很多来到中国
的西方人，一旦他们意识到出去吃是多
么便宜，他们在中国做饭的次数就要比
在他们国家少得多。

it在句中作形式主
语，替代动词不定式短语to eat out，
故填it。

填介词
解题攻略
如果名词或代词在句中不作主语，表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词。

通常考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的搭配。

典例1 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填
空)Modern
methods____63______tracking
polar bear populations have been
employed only since the
mid­1980s.
[分析] 考查介词。

现代化的跟踪调查北
极熊数量的方法在20世纪80年代中期就
开始被采用。

methods of/for doing sth.
做某事的方法。

故填of/for。

典例2 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空)We
were first greeted with the
barking by a
pack____63____dogs，seven to be
exact.
[分析] 考查介词。

首先迎接我们的是一
群狗的叫声。

a pack of dogs一群狗。

故
填of。

典例3 (2019·浙江卷6月，语法填空)But
can uniforms help improve school
standards？The answer
____66____ this question is not
clear.
[分析] 考查介词。

名词answer与介词
to连用，意为：……的答案：。

类似的名
词还有key、entrance、reply。

故填to。

典例4 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空)While
running regularly can't make you
live forever，the review says it
is more effective at lengthening
[分析] 根据句中的比较级more
effective 可知，这里是把running与
walking，cycling，swimming进行比较，
故填than。

life ____65____ walking，cycling or swimming.
典例5 (2018·浙江卷6月，语法填空)If
you are not going to suffer this
problem，then I suggest that the
next time you go to your mum's
home ____65____ dinner，get a few
cooking tips from her.
[分析] 根据语境可知，此处应用介词
for表示“目的”。

典例6 (2017·全国卷Ⅱ，语法填空)It
ran for just under seven
kilometers and allowed people to
avoid terrible crowds on the
roads above as they travelled to
and ____62____ work.
[分析] travel to and from work表示
“上下班”，故填from。

填冠词
解题攻略当空格后有名词而且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义，或者空格处修饰序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式时，那么空格处一般是填冠词。

有时还考查冠词在一些固定搭配中的用法。

典例1 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填
空)Of____69____nineteen
recognized polar bear
subpopulations, three are
declining, six are stable, one is
increasing, and nine lack enough
data.
[分析] 考查冠词。

句意：在被认出
来的19个北极熊亚群中，有3个数量
降低，有6个是稳定的，1个在增加，
还有9个缺少足够的数据。

设空处在
本句中表示特指，故填冠词the。

典例2 (2019·全国卷Ⅱ，语法填空)When we
got a call saying she was
short­listed，we thought it was
____69____joke.
[分析] 考查冠词。

joke为可数名词，
意为“玩笑”，在此处表示泛指，故
填a。

典例3 (2019·浙江卷6月，语法填
空)Everybody wears ____62____ same
style of clothes.
[分析] 考查冠词。

句意：每个人都
穿相同样式的衣服。

the same为固定
短语，故填定冠词the。

典例4 (2018·全国卷Ⅱ，语法填空)Corn
production has jumped nearly 125
percent over ____62____past 25
years，while rice has increased only
7 percent.
[分析] 句意：玉米产量在过去25年
里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了
7%。

特指在过去的25年里。

故填定冠
词the。

典例5 (2017·浙江卷11月，语法填空)It's
not all that hard to build an
advanced and large vocabulary.
Like many things in life，it's
___56___ ongoing process，and the
best part of the process is that
there's enough room for
improvement，which means you'll
just keep getting better and
better.
[分析] 此处表示积累词汇是一个持
续的过程，又因为单词ongoing的发
音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。

典例6 (2017·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空)Instead，
she is earning ￡6,500 a day as
____62____model in New York.
[分析] 句意：相反，她在纽约作为
一名模特儿每天收入6 500英镑。

此
处表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。

填从属关联词
解题攻略当空格前后为两个句子，且其中一个句子在另一句中充当某一句子成分时，空格处应填从属关联词。

一般情况下，考查的是定语从句的关联词，有时也考查名词性从句或状语从句的关联词。

典例1 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填
空)While they are rare
north of 88°，there is
evidence____61____they
range all the way across
the Arctic, and as far
south as James Bay in
Canada.
[分析] 考查同位语从句。

虽然在北纬88度
以北很少见到北极熊，但是有证据表明它们在
整个北极地区活动，向南甚至远到加拿大的詹
姆斯湾。

设空处引导同位语从句，说明
evidence的内容，该从句不缺少任何成分，所
以要用that引导。

典例2 (2019·全国卷Ⅱ，语法填
空)Now Irene Astbury works
from 9am to 5pm daily at the
pet shop in Macclesfield，
______62______she opened
with her late husband Les.
[分析] 考查非限制性定语从句。

根据句子结
构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先
行词the pet shop。

将先行词代入定语从句后
为：She opened __the_pet_shop__ with her
late husband Les.由此可见，关系词在定语
从句中作宾语，且指“事物”，故填which。

典例3 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填
空)They were well trained
by their
masters____64____had
great experience with
caring for these animals.
[分析] 考查定语从句。

设空处引导定语从
句，修饰先行词their masters。

将先行词代
入定语从句后为：Their masters had great
experience with caring for these animals.
由此可知关系词在从句中作主语，所以要用关
系代词who。

典例4 (2016·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填
空)Over time，____65____
the population grew，people
began cutting food into
small pieces so it would
cook more quickly.
[分析] 根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处引
导时间状语从句，表示“随着”或“当……时
候”，故填as/when。

填并列联词
解题攻略当空格前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般是填并列连词。

典例1 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空)I work not
because I have to，____7____because
I want to.
[分析] 考查连词。

句意：我工作不是因
为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。

根据
句子意思可知，设空处前面的not构成
“not...but...”(不是……而是……)结
构。

故填but。

典例2 (2020·烟台一模，语法填空)You might
not like school because you don't
have enough friends，____67____
maybe you don't get along with your
teacher.
[分析] 因前后是两个完整的否定句。

根
据语境可知，此处描述的是你或许不喜欢
上学的原因，表示猜测，应填选择性的连
接词。

故填or。

其他语境填词
解题
攻略
无提示词的空格有时也需要根据固定搭配、逻辑关系以及句式结构填写适当的词。

典例1 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空)On our way
to the house，it was
raining____61____hard that we
couldn't help wondering how long it
would take to get there. It was in the
middle of Pearl City.
[分析] 考查副词。

此处为“so＋adv.
＋that...”结构，意为：如此……以至
于……，其中that引导结果状语从句。

故填so。

典例2 (2016·全国卷Ⅱ，语法填空)So，get an
early start and try to be as
productive ____65____ possible
before lunch.
[分析] 考查固定搭配。

as...as
possible为固定搭配，意为“尽可
能……”。

故填as。

典例3 (全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空)It was raining
lightly when I arrived in Yangshuo
just before dawn.But I didn't care.A
few hours ____62____，I'd been at home
in Hong Kong，with its choking smog.
[分析] 考查逻辑关系。

根据句意和
“I'd been at home”的时态可知此处表
示“几个小时前，我待在香港的家
里。

”“待在家里”应该是发生在过去动
作arrived之前，故填before/earlier。

单句语法填空
1．Since 2011，the country __61__(grow) more corn than rice.
解析：has grown [句中缺少谓语部分，故空格处作谓语。

根据时间状语Since 2011可知，此处要用现在完成时，且主语为the country，故填has grown。

] 2．(2020·郑州市质检二)Traffic，together with factory fumes，__67__ (be) a big problem.
解析：is [考查主谓一致。

句中的主语是Traffic，为不可数名词，且此处描述的是客观情况，故填is。

]
3．You don't have to run fast or for long __62__ (see) the benefit.
解析：to see [考查非谓语动词。

句中已有谓语部分don't have to run，所以空格处应为非谓语动词。

由语境可知空处作目的状语，故填to see。

]
4．(2020·南昌市联考)I saw some older people __64__ (practise) tai chi slowly.I stopped and watched their movements closely.
解析：practising [考查非谓语动词。

“我”看见一些老年人正慢慢地练太极。

本句含有“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾语some older people与practise 是主动关系，且根据后面的“I stopped and watched their movements closely.”可知，宾补动作正在发生，故用practise的现在分词形式。

]
5．(2020·宜昌葛洲坝中学月考)Not only have the fables themselves lived for nearly 1,500 years，but __62__ (express) from them have entered various languages.
解析：expressions [考查名词单复数。

句意：不仅这些寓言本身存在了近1 500年，而且里面的一些词语已经被收录到各种语言中了。

设空处表示“词语”之意，在句中作主语，需用名词形式；根据设空处后的have entered 可推知设空处需用名词复数形式，故填expressions。

]
6．(2020·徐州一中检测)________(happy) for him，his stepmother was kind to him.
解析：Happily [考查形容词、副词变形。

句意：使他高兴的是，他的继母对他很好。

空格处位于句首作状语修饰后面整个句子，故用副词形式；根据提示词可推知用happily 且其首字母要大写。

]
7．(2020·榆林二中一模)Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the __62__(late) medical development.
解析：latest [考查形容词。

句意：医生用它来了解更多不熟悉的疾病和最新的医学发展。

设空处作定语，修饰medical development，意为“最新的”，故填形容词latest。

] 8．(2019·郑州一中测试六)Four boys were taking __66__ walk in the woods near
Montignac.
解析：a [考查冠词。

句意：四个男孩儿正在蒙提涅克附近的树林里散步。

take a walk 为固定短语，意为“行走，散步”。

]
9．(2019·郑州一中测试六)Most caves are formed __62__ nature under the ground，but some have entrances people can find.
解析：by [考查介词。

句意：大部分洞窟是在地下自然形成的，但有些洞窟的入口人们可以发现。

by nature为固定搭配，意为“天然地”，故填介词by。

]
10．(2019·郑州市质检一)To me，the debating community is a great place __68__ people help each other.
解析：where [考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为place，故用where。

]
11．(2019·滨州市统考)__66__ it's difficult to master the language，he considers it important for his future career.
解析：While/Though/Although [考查从属连词。

句意：虽然掌握这门语言是困难的，但他认为这对他的职业发展来说是重要的。

“__66__ it's difficult to master the language”为让步状语从句，设空处表示“虽然”，故填While/Though/Although。

] 12．(2019·广州市质检一)__66__ he witnessed in China aroused much interest among his countrymen.
解析：What [考查主语从句。

分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，也在从句中作及物动词witnessed的宾语，故用What引导该主语从句。

]
13．(2020·黄冈元月调研)What all of you really wanted was coffee，not the cup，__63__ you went for the best cups and then began looking at each other's cups.
解析：but/yet [考查并列连词。

句意：你们大家真正想要的是咖啡而不是杯子，但是你们都去拿了最好的杯子然后开始看彼此的杯子。

前后两个分句为转折关系，故填并列连词but/yet。

]
14．(2019·衡水中学调考)In general，thir d­culture kids benefit from __61__ (they) inter­cultural experiences and they often reach excellent academic results.
解析：their [考查代词。

句意：一般而言，“第三文化的孩子们”受益于他们对不同文化的体验，并且他们的学习成绩往往会非常优秀。

设空处作inter­cultural experiences 的定语，故填形容词性物主代词their。

]
15．(2019·江西名校质检)Eighteen years later，we're still here and doing __69__
(well) than ever.
解析：better [考查比较级。

句意：18年以后我们还在这里，并且比以往做得更好。

根据than ever 可知设空处填副词比较级；根据提示词well可知答案为better。

]
[大题提能练]
Ⅰ.语法填空——有提示词专练(用括号内单词的正确形式填空)
She looks like any other schoolgirl，fresh­faced and full of li fe.Sarah Thomas 1.________ (be) looking forward to the challenge of 2.________(she) new A­level course.But unlike her school friends,16­year­old Sarah is not spending half­term 3.________ (rest)．Instead，she is earning ￡6,500 a day as a model in New York.
Sarah 4.________ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel,5.________ (earn) a million dollars in the next year.Her father Peter,44，wants her 6.________ (give) up school to model full­time.But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants 7.________ (prove) that she has brains as well as 8.________ (beautiful)．She is determined 9.________(carry) on with her 10.________ (educate)．
She has turned down several 11.________ (invite) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.After school she plans to take a year off to model full­time before 12.________ (go) to university to get a degree in 13.________ (engineer) or architecture.
Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school 14.________ (come) first.I don't want to get too 15.________ (absorb) in modeling.It is 16.________(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little 17.________ (real)．I don't want to have nothing else 18.________ (fall) back on when I can't model any more.”
[语篇解读] 文章介绍了纽约市16岁的高中女孩萨拉，她不仅学习成绩好、长得漂亮，而且是一个收入不菲的时装模特。

她爸爸希望她退学专门从事模特行业，但是她以学业为重，坚持学业和工作两不误。

1．解析：is [考查时态和主谓一致。

提示词为be，句子缺少谓语动词，主语为Sarah Thomas，根据上下文(looks；is not...)的时态可知，此处应该用一般现在时，故填is。

] 2．解析：her [考查代词。

提示词为代词，在句中作定语修饰名词course，所以用she 的形容词性物主代词her。

]
3．解析：resting [考查非谓语动词。

提示词为动词。

spend time doing sth.是固定句式，意为“花费时间做某事”。

]
4．解析：has been told/was told [考查时态和语态。

提示词为动词，句中缺少谓语动词，根据语境，萨拉应该是“被告知”她能成为英国新的超级名模，此处可以用现在完成时或一般过去时。

]
5．解析：earning [考查非谓语动词。

提示词为动词，从句中已有谓语动词could be，由此可以判断，此处用非谓语动词。

分析语境可知，earn的逻辑主语就是从句的主语she，在句中作结果状语，故用现在分词形式。

]
6．解析：to give [考查非谓语动词。

提示词为动词，句中已有谓语动词wants，这里是want sb.to do sth.“想让某人做某事”，所以用动词不定式作宾补。

] 7．解析：to prove [考查非谓语动词。

提示词为动词，句中已有谓语动词wants，want to do sth.为固定结构，意为“想做某事”，故用动词不定式作宾语。

]
8．解析：beauty [考查名词。

提示词为形容词，as well as为连词，前后成分应该一致，所以该空应该和前面的brains一致，用名词形式，在这里beauty为抽象的概念，没有复数形式。

]
9．解析：to carry [考查非谓语动词。

提示词为动词，be determined to do sth.为固定结构，所以用动词不定式。

]
10．解析：education [考查名词。

前面有形容词性物主代词her 修饰，故用educate 的名词形式education，且education是不可数名词，故用其原形。

]
11．解析：invitations [考查名词。

提示词为动词，前有several作定语修饰，故此处需要一个名词，而且invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，故用其复数。

] 12．解析：going [考查非谓语动词。

提示词为动词，she 与go之间是主动关系，所以用“介词＋现在分词”形式作状语。

所以用going。

]
13．解析：engineering [考查名词。

提示词为动词，前面有介词in，后跟表示某个专业的名词，和后面的architecture的形式一致，所以用engineering。

] 14．解析：comes [考查动词的时态。

根据at the moment(现在)可知，这个句子用一般现在时态，而且主语school是单数，故用comes。

]
15．解析：absorbed [考查形容词。

提示词为动词，在系动词后用形容词形式。

get/be absorbed in 为固定用法，意为“忙于……，专注于……”。

]
16．解析：certainly [考查副词。

提示词为形容词，此处应该用副词来修饰形容词fun。

]
17．解析：unreal [考查形容词。

提示词为形容词，根据语境可知，这里表达的意思为：模特表演确实很有趣，但是这种生活方式有点不真实。

所以用反义词。

要注意but的用法。

]
18．解析：to fall [考查非谓语动词。

提示词为动词，在句中作定语修饰nothing，fall的逻辑主语就是句子的主语I，故用动词不定式to fall。

]
Ⅱ.语法填空——无提示词专练(每空限一词)
In 1863 1.________ first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers 2.________ allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above 3.________they travelled to and 4.________ work.5.________ took three years to complete and was built using 6.________ interesting method.This included digging up the road，laying the track and then building a strong roof over 7.________ top.When all those had been done，the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers,8.________ all the smoke and noise.9.________，the railway quickly proved to be 10.________ great success and within six months，more than 25,000 people were using 11.________ every day.
Later，engineers managed to construct railways 12.________ a system of deep tunnels(隧道)，13.________ became known 14.________ the Tube.This development was only possible with the introduction of electric­powered engines and lifts.The Central London Railway was one of 15.________ most successful of these new lines，and was opened 16.________ 1900.It had white­painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular 17.________ the public.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的历程。

1．解析：the [考查冠词。

序数词用定冠词修饰。

句意为：1863年，世界上第一条地铁在伦敦运营。

]
2．解析：and [考查连词。

连接两个并列的谓语动词“ran”和“allowed”，用连词and。

]
3．解析：as/when [考查状语从句的连词。

引导一个时间状语从句，用连词as/when。

句意为：这条地铁能够让人们避免上下班在路上遇到的交通拥堵。

]。