2019版高三英语一轮复习Unit1Thewrittenword教师用书牛津译林版选修8

Unit 1 The written word
(对应学生用书第153页)
Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写
1．abuse vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用2．desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的；渴望
3．vain adj.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的4．rescue n．& vt.& vi.救援，营救5．reputation n.名誉，名声
6．debt n.债务，欠款
7．adore vt.热爱，喜爱，爱慕
8．author n.作者
9．theme n.主题；主题音乐
10．reform vt.& vi.& n.(使)改过自新；改革11．envelope n.信封
12．spit vi.& vt.吐唾沫(表示愤怒或鄙视)；吐
n.唾液
Ⅱ.拓展单词——能辨别
1．novel n.小说
→novelist n.小说家
2．poet n.诗人
→poetry n.诗歌
→poetic adj.诗歌的，诗的
3．character n.人物，角色
→characteristic n.特征，特点
adj.典型的，独特的，特有的4．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的
→generously adv. 慷慨地；大方地
→generosity n.慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
5．violence n.暴力，暴行
→violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的
→violently adv. 强烈地，激烈地
6．resist vi.& vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡
→resistant adj.有抵抗力的
→resistance n.反抗，抵抗，抗拒
7．reunite vt.& vi.(使)重逢；(使)再结合
→unite vi.& vt.联合，团结，统一，联手
→united adj.联合的，统一的
→unity n.团结一致，统一(体)
8．intend vt.& vi.打算，计划，想要
→intention n.意图，目的，打算
9．romantic adj.浪漫主义的；浪漫的
→romance n.浪漫
10．crime n.罪行；犯罪行为
→criminal n.罪犯
adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的11．tense adj.令人紧张的；绷紧的
→tension n.紧张，烦躁；矛盾，对立
12．civil adj.有教养的；国民的
→civilian n.平民，老百姓
→civility n.礼貌，客气
Ⅲ.阅读单词——要识记
1．chapter n．(书的)章，篇，回；时期，时代2．paragraph n.段落
3．fiction n.小说，虚构的事
4．rigid adj.死板的；固执的；坚硬的
5．supreme adj.最高的，至高无上的
6．monument n.纪念碑，纪念馆，纪念塑像
●语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．The material，which is to many chemicals，has good to
shock.However，some building bosses using it because of high costs.(resist)
【导学号：31670116】2． Facing the atmosphere，I wanted to scream，for the became unbearable.(tense)
3．They went into town with the of visiting the library，where they could borrow the books for children.(intend)
4．I'm reading a The Mill on the Floss，which was written by the famous ，George Eliot.(novel)
5．The two groups fought and many of them died a death，so the media were swift to condemn the ．(violent)
6． There are five in this play，but they have their own ．(character)
7．These were committed largely by professional who lived by ．All citizens should help the police in tracking the down.
(crime)
8．After years of efforts，the three countries found themselves peacefully instead of by war.They took pride in their ．Imagine the joyful scene when they were with their former relatives and friends.(unite)
【答案】 1.resistant；resistance；resist 2.tense；tension 3.intention；intended 4.novel；novelist 5.violently；violent；violence 6.characters；characteristics 7.crimes；criminals；crime；criminals 8.united；united；unity；reunited
高频短语——会默写
1．in print (书刊等)仍在印行；发表
2．be bent on(doing)sth. 决心做某事(通常指坏事)
3．on the run 躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波
4．live up to 达到，符合(期望)
5．be set in 以……为背景
6．touch on 谈及，涉及
7．in tune 音调准确；演奏合调
8．be intended to be/do sth. 目的是作为某物，目的是做某事
9．come out 出版，发行
10．come to one's rescue 救援某人，帮助某人
11．be based on 以……为基础
12．appeal to 吸引；呼吁
●语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1．If you doing this，you must work hard and fight this battle through to victory.
2．With a lot of debts to pay off，Helen is keeping every day.
3．While my teacher didn't tell me directly，I still felt that I should her expectations.
4．More importantly than all of that，she sings ．She has got absolutely great potential.
5．The programme offer children regular opportunities to develop confidence and independence.
6．There is one more subject that I would like to briefly in the interview. 7．My first novel while I was at college.
8．The adventure story London，drawing successfully on African traditions.
【答案】 1.are bent on 2.on the run 3.live up to 4.in tune 5.is intended to 6.touch on 7.came out 8.is set in
[联想拓展]
1．“信”相关词集合
①envelope n．信封
②stamp n．邮票
③address vt.写姓名地址
④post v．寄出，邮寄
⑤mailbox n．邮箱
2．“debt”用法展示
①be in heavy debt＝be deep in debt负债累累
②in debt to sb.＝in sb.'s debt欠某人的人情/债
③be/get out of debt摆脱债务
④get into debt负债
3．“个性描述”常用词
①generous大方的，慷慨的
②mean小气的；吝啬的
③warm­hearted热心肠的
④easy­going脾气温和的
⑤gentle温和的，温柔的
⑥selfless无私的
⑦honest诚实的
⑧stubborn固执的
4．“be＋adj.＋on”短语荟萃
①be dependent on依赖于
②be keen on热衷于
③be tough on严格对待
④be bent on决心……
⑤be based on以……为基础
5．“v.＋on”短语集锦
①touch on涉及
②take on雇用；呈现；承担
③put on上演；穿上
④hold on不挂断电话
⑤focus on专注于
⑥concentrate on专注于
教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用
1.those作指示代词
Because a lot of classics were written so long ago，their language characteristics are quite different from those of modern works. 1.红色光线的波长约为蓝色光线波长的
两倍。

Waves of red light are about twice as long as .
2.would rather do...than do...“宁愿做……也不愿做……”
Pip's sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip. 2.为了过低碳生活，一些人宁愿坐公共汽
车也不愿自己开车去上班。

To live a
low­carbon life，some people to work.
3.get＋done系表结构
Oliver gets arrested by the police and is
taken to court.
3.那确实是非常危险的，他差点受了重
伤。

It was really very dangerous；he
might .
got badly injured
(对应学生用书第155页)
精讲4个考纲单词
desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望
[教材原句]Pip，who is seven years old when the story begins，is in a foggy cemetery when a desperate criminal appears and frightens him.
故事开始时，七岁的皮普正在浓雾弥漫的墓地中，这时一个亡命之徒冒了出来，把他吓坏了。

(1)be desperate for sth. 渴望某物
be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事
in desperate need of 非常需要
(2)desperately adv. 极其，非常；绝望地
hit area where people are in desperate need.
需要军队帮助将地震灾区人民亟需的食品送抵那里。

②Dale took his mother's advice，tried desperately(desperate)and after several attempts finally made it.戴尔听从了母亲的建议，努力尝试了几次之后终于成功了。

【导学号：31670117】③There is no doubt that graduates are desperate to get(get)good jobs after graduation.
毫无疑问，毕业生毕业后都渴望得到好工作。

resist vi.& vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡
[教材原句]Fagin and his group of criminals find him and drag him back into the life of crime，pressuring him with the threat of violence if he resists.
费金和他的犯罪团伙找到了他(奥利弗)，强迫他回到犯罪的生活，如果他反抗就用暴力威胁来给他施加压力。

(1)resist doing sth. 反对做某事
can't resist doing sth.
＝can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的
be resistant to... 对……有抵抗力
(3)resistance n.抗拒；反对
resistance to... 对……的抵制
我比较喜欢那些对恶劣的气候有抵抗力的植物。

②To gain further development，the firm had to overcome its resistance(resist)to new technology.
为了获得进一步的发展，这家公司必须克服对采用新技术的阻力。

③I have a sweet tooth and can't resist eating(eat)chocolate and ice cream.
我喜欢吃甜食，抵挡不住巧克力和冰淇淋的诱惑。

[名师点津]resist表示“忍住”，常与表否定意义的can't/can hardly/be not able to 连用，resist之后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，而不接不定式。

和他们待在一起时，他忍不住捉弄他们。

①(普通表达)When staying with them，he couldn't help playing a joke on them．(help)
②(高级表达)When staying with them，he couldn't be resistant to playing a joke on them．(resistant)
③(高级表达)When staying with them，he couldn't resist playing a joke on them．(resist)
rescue n．& vt.救援，营救
[教材原句]My favourite cha racter in‘The Attic’is Stuart，who comes to her rescue
and adds some comedy to this otherwise dark tale.在《阁楼》这部小说中，我最喜欢的人物是斯图尔特，他救助了她，给这个原本黑暗的故事增添了喜剧色彩。

(1)rescue sb.from... 从……营救某人
rescue sth.from... 使某物免于……
(2)come/go to sb.'s rescue 前来/去救某人
A fireman rescued the two small children from the burning building.
一名消防队员从陷入火海的大楼中救出两名小孩。

②It was you that came to my rescue in time，which made me get self­confidence again. 是你及时帮助了我，那让我重新获得了自信。

intend vt.& vi.打算，计划，想要
[教材原句]The poem was published in 1794 and，like many of Burns's poems，it was intended to be a song.这首诗发表于1794年，和许多彭斯的诗歌一样，这首诗原是为歌咏而作。

(1)intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事
had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth.
本来打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
intend sth.for sb. 为某人准备某物
intend that...(should)do 主张做……
(2)intended adj.故意的，有意的；打算中的
be intended for 为……准备/设计的
be intended to be/do sth. 目的是作为某物/做某事
(3)intention n.意图，目的，企图
have no intention of... 无意……
with the intention of doing/to do...
抱有做……的目的/打算
这本书是供孩子们用的。

②I saw a man walking across the road with the obvious intention of talking to me. 我看到一个人穿过马路，显然想跟我交谈。

③I intend to join(join)a Dragon Boat Training Camp，and I wonder if you'd like to go with me.
我打算参加龙舟训练营，我不知道你是否乐意和我一起参加。

【导学号：31670118】[链接写作]句式转换
They intended that the plan should be put into practice within this year.
They intended the plan to be put into practice within this year.(改为简单句)
诠释2个核心短语
be bent on(doing)sth.决心做某事(通常指坏事)；一心想要做某事
[教材原句]Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estella's love.
皮普一心想要成为一位绅士，赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。

表示“决心要做某事，决定做某事”的其他表达方式还有：
decide to do sth.，make a decision to do sth.，make up one's mind to do sth.，determine to do sth.，be determined to do sth.
was bent on studying(＝made up my mind to study)it in the university.
由于您的鼓励，我在数学上取得了不断的进步，最终下决心在大学里学习它。

②Last term，after getting a low score in the middle exam，I was bent on believing (believe)in myself and I tried to change.上学期，期中考试得的分数低，我决心相信自己并且我设法改变。

[链接写作]例句②的其他表达方式
①Last term，after getting a low score in the middle exam，I made up my mind to believe in myself，and I tried to change.
②Last term，after getting a low score in the middle exam，I decided/determined/was determined to believe in myself，and I tried to change.
③Last term，after getting a low score in the middle exam，I made a decision to believe in myself，and I tried to change.
live up to达到，符合(期望)；不辜负；遵守(诺言)
[教材原句]However，if you liked the book，you should probably not be too eager to see the film，as it is not likely to live up to your great expectations.
然而，如果你喜欢这本书，就不要急于看电影，因为它可能不会达到你的期望。

live out 活过；实践；实现
live on 以……为主食；靠……为生，继续存在
live with 忍受；与……住在一起
live through 经历(艰难或险境)
live a...life 过着……的生活
①Just accept them for who they are，and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.要接受他们，给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你一样过上丰富多彩、充实美满的生活。

②Looking back，I don't know how I lived through those years.
回顾往事，我真不知道那些年是怎样过来的。

突破2个高考句型
(教材P2)Because a lot of classics were written so long ago，their language characteristics are quite different from those of modern works.
因为许多古典名著被写得如此之久，所以它们的语言特点非常不同于当代作品的语言特点。

those代表前句所说的language characteristics。

替代词those，that，one，it用法：
(1)those用作替代词主要用于替代复数名词，表特指，相当于the ones。

that用作替代词主要用于替代“the＋单数名词(可数或不可数)”，表特指。

(2)同一个人或物，两个不同的时间进行对比时，应该用人称代词。

(3)两个不同的人、物、地点、天气等进行对比时，用that。

(4)one指代同类单数可数名词，it指代上文提到过的同一事物。

这本词典比我昨天买的更有用。

②The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwal.
苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。

③In my opinion，life in the twenty­first century is much easier than it used to be.
在我看来，21世纪的生活要比过去的生活容易得多。

(教材P3)Pip's sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.
皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个淳朴、善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。

would rather do...than do...“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。

(1)would rather do...than do...＝would do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿
做……
(2)would rather＋从句，宁愿……(从句中用一般过去时表示与现在、将来事实相反的假设；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的假设)
(3)rather than而不是
(4)prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……
conferences.
他宁愿给学生上课也不愿被邀请参加乏味的会议。

②I would rather he had told(tell)me about the fact at that time.我宁愿他那时告诉了我真相。

[链接写作]一句多译
【导学号：31670119】为了过低碳生活，越来越多的人宁愿骑自行车，也不愿开车。

①To live a low­carbon life，more and more people would rather ride a bicycle than drive．(would rather...than)
②To live a low­carbon life，more and more people would ride a bicycle rather than drive．(would...rather than)
③To live a low­carbon life，more and more people prefer to ride a bicycle rather than drive．(prefer to...rather than)
④To live a low­carbon life，more and more people prefer riding a bicycle to driving．(prefer...to...)
[多角快练]——练单词练短语练句型—————————————————
(对应学生用书第157页)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1． (abuse)his position as mayor to give jobs to his friends，Williams is now under investigation.
2．The new mayor，who adored (go)to the volleyball match，didn't approve of discussing the new building plans at the meeting.
3．Let me now deal more fully with the important question that was touched earlier.
4．After the quarrel，I tried all my best to remove the misunderstanding between us，but all my efforts seemed vain.
5．I am heavily debt at the moment，but I hope to be out of it when I get paid.
6．To improve our English and get more students interested in English，I intend (organize) some activities at school.
7．Many scholars are making efforts (rescue)disappearing languages. 8．They were strong and cold，rocking our little camping truck (violent)．【答案】 1.Having abused 2.going 3.on 4.in 5.in 6.to organize 7.to rescue 8.violently
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Some glasses got breaking when we were moving house.
2．He is bent on master English.To learn it，he gets up early and goes to bed late every day.
3．He couldn't make himself hear because of the noise，so we didn't know what he was saying.
4．Judging from what he said and did，we can conclude that he was desperate of fame.
5．I am thankfully to the company for giving me such a chance，and I earnestly hope that I live up to everyone's expectations.
6．Do you think Chinese elements in Gravity were included just to appeal an increasingly influential Chinese viewing audience?
【答案】 1.breaking →broken 2.master →mastering 3.hear →heard 4.of →for 5．thankfully →thankful 6.appeal后加to
(对应学生用书第158页)
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P 2－3课文，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It is well­known 1. classics are the antiques of the literary world.They are examples of great writing and 2. (wise)，and even those 3. (write) centuries ago can still be found in bookshops and libraries today.Even some films 4. (base) on them.Charles Dickens is one of England's greatest writers.Great Expectations is one of his famous 5. (novel)．The story begins when Pip is seven.There is a twist in the plot 6. a very generous stranger gives Pip a large fortune.Pip moves to London.Money and 7. (educate)have changed him.He becomes vain and ashamed 8. his background and even dislikes it when Joe comes 9. (visit) him because he isn't a gentleman.He wins Estella's love.But later Pip changes a lot.He learns happiness and friends are 10. (important)than wealth. 【答案】 1.that 2.wisdom 3.written 4.are based 5.novels 6.when cation 8.of 9.to visit 10.more important
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。

1．Mr. Black是一位声望很高的小说家。

(novelist，reputation)
2．他的很多作品涉及人们的生活，呼吁人们加强团结，抵制暴力，对他人慷慨、有礼貌，对未来不要绝望，呼吁勇敢地变革。

(touch on，resist，generous，desperate，reform) 3．他的作品给人以全新的感觉。

(brand new)
4．虽然他不是百万富翁，但是很多读者喜欢他，尤其是那些忙于生活的人。

(on the run，adore)
第一步：练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。

第二步：练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。

Mr.Black is a novelist of good reputation.Most of his work touched on people's life，and he appealed to the people to strength unity，resist violence，be generous and civic，not to be desperate of the future and persuade people to reform brave.His
works gave people a brand new feeling.
Although he was not a millionaire ，many readers ，especially these who are kept on the run ，adored him very much.
【答案】 Mr.Black is a novelist of good reputation.Most of his work works
touched on people's life ，and he appealed to the people to strength strengthen
unity ，resist violence ，be generous and civic ，not to be desperate of for
the future and persuade people to reform brave bravely
.His works gave people a brand new feeling. Although he was not a millionaire ，many readers ，especially these those
who are kept on the run ，adored him very much.
【导学号：31670120】。