推荐学习K12高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解增分练习(3)

山东泰安市2016高考英语二轮阅读理解增分练习（3）
说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2013安徽名校联盟高三第一次联考)改编
Well, to pick up where we left off last time, I believe now we might all agree that self-improvement is of great benefit for each of us. However, there are lots of stops along the road to self-improvement, which often calls for patience, emotional strength and kindness.With concentrated effort, you can become a better person than you ever thought possible.
1. .Nice people always put themselves in the other person’s shoes. If the service is a lit tle slow, maybe it’s because the waitress has been standing for 8 hours and her back and feet are aching.Perhaps her little baby isn’t feeling well and she got very little sleep the night before.In a word, you never know the full story from a brief meeting with a person.
2.Be a reasonable man. Service-centered businesses often live by the idea “The Customer is Always Right.” They’re totally mistaken. The customer is not always right; sometimes the customer is quite difficult to deal with. You do not “deserve”
a free meal because the waitress forgot to bring you a spoon. If you have a grievance, let it out, but be reasonable.
3.Fight fairly. When arguing with another person, stick to the subject. Present the facts briefly, and don’t bring up unrelated incide nts that happened 4 weeks from last Tuesday. Never hesitate to create a chance for other people to voice their opinions. They are just as important as yours.
4.Put others first. Let the troubled-looking Mom have the parking space. Stand
a few extra seconds holding the door for an elderly person. Don’t interrupt people when they’re speaking, or finish their sentences for them. Such small things, yet the effects are immediate and far-reaching.Nice people make a concentrated effort to be kind and put others needs above their own.Stop a moment and think how you can help someone, and you’ll become a nicer person.
1.What might the speaker most probably discuss last time?( )
A.The origin of self-improvement.
B.The process of self-improvement.
C.The structure of self-improvement.
D.The importance of self-improvement.
2.The best title for the second paragraph is “”.
A.Be understanding
B.Stay calm
C.Be positive
D.Be merciless
3.The underlined word “grievance” in Paragraph 3 is the closest in meaning to .
A.mistake
plaint
mitment
D.decision
4.Which of the following may the speaker support? ( )
A.Learn to share the other person’s point of view.
B.Put forward relevant facts in detail when arguing.
C.Make your voice heard when others are speaking.
D.Inv olve your own matters with others’ when arguing.
语篇解读:自我提高是非常重要的,本文的作者就如何自我提高,成为一个受欢迎的人提出了宝贵的建议。

答案及剖析:1.D 推理判断题。

由第一段的第一句话...to pick up where we left off last time, I believe now we might all agree that self-improvement is of great benefit for each of us...可知,作者上一次的话题是关于自我提高的重要性的,故选D项。

2.A 主旨大意题。

由该段的内容可知,作者建议人们做一个善解人意的,为他人考虑的人,故选A项。

3.B 词义猜测题。

由此处的语境可知,如果你在饭馆吃饭的时候有不满的地方可以提出来,但是要合情合理,故选B项。

4.A 细节理解题。

由作者提出的几点建议的内容可知A项正确。

由第四段的Present the facts briefly, and don’t bring up unrelated incidents that happened...和Never hesitate to create a chance for other people to voice their opinions以及第五段的Don’t interrupt people when they’re speaking...可知B、C、D三项与作者的观点背道而驰。

【疑难词汇解读】
1.reasonable adj.合理的,公道的;有理性的
I bought the car at a reasonable price.
我以合理的价格买的这辆车。

2.far-reaching adj. 深远的,广泛的
What he said at the meeting has a far-reaching effect on us.
他在会上说的话对我们有深远的影响。

【长难句子分析】
然而,在自我提高的过程中会有很多需要耐心、感情力量和善良的地方。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

【四川省绵阳市2014高考英语一模试题】
A century ago in the United States, when an individual brought suit against a company, public opinion tended to protect that company. But perhaps this phenomenon was most striking in the case of the railroads. Nearly half of all negligence cases decided through 1896 involved railroads. And the railroads usually won.
Most of the cases were decided in sate courts, when the railroads had the climate of the times on their sides. Government supported the railroad industry; the progress railroads represented was not to be slowed down by requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt working for them.
Court decisions always went against railroad workers. A Mr. Farwell, an engineer, lost his right hand when a switchman's negligence ran his engine off the track. The court reasoned that since Farwell had taken the job of an engineer voluntarily at good pay, he had accepted the risk. Therefore the accident, though avoidable had the switchmen acted carefully, was a "pure accident". In effect a railroad could never be held responsible for injury to one employee caused by the mistake of another.
In one case where a Pennsylvania Railroad worker had started a fire at a warehouse
and the fire had spread several blocks, causing widespread damage, a jury found the company responsible for all the damage. But the court overturned the jury's decision because it argued that the railroad's negligence was the immediate cause of damage only to the nearest buildings. Beyond them the connection was too remote to consider.
As the century wore on, public sentiment began to turn against the railroads-against their economic and political power and high fares as well as against their callousness toward individuals.
72. Which of the following is NOT true in Farwell's case?
A. Farwell was injured because he negligently ran his engine off the track.
B. Farwell would not have been injured if the switchman had been more careful.
C. The court argued that the victim had accepted the risk since he had willingly taken his job.
D. The court decided that the railroad should not be held responsible.
73. What must have happened after the fire case was settled in court?
A. The railroad compensated for the damage to the immediate buildings.
B. The railroad compensated for all the damage by the fire.
C. The railroad paid nothing for the damaged building.
D. The railroad worker paid for the property damage himself.
74. The following aroused public resentment EXCEPT _____.
A. political power
B. high fares
C. economic loss
D. indifference
75. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Railroad oppressing individuals in the US.
B. History of the US railroads.
C. Railroad workers' working rights.
D. Law cases concerning the railroads.
【参考答案】72—75、AACD。