医疗财务英语词汇

Glossary
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The following terms and their definitions are important. The assigned text for this course probably has a much more detailed Glossary. If so, feel free to use it. You may find slight differences in wording between the definitions contained in separate glossaries, but the meaning and content will be the same.
Accounts Payable Amounts owed to creditors.
Accounts Receivable Amounts owed to the organization for services delivered. Accrual Basis of Accounting An accounting system where revenues are recognized when services are delivered and expenses are recognized when the revenue is recognized. Actual Costs The actual costs incurred during the budget period.
Assets Items owned by the organization, or representing a future benefit or service potential.
Average Collection Period A measure of the length of time accounts receivable have been carried.
Balance Sheet Statement of financial position, showing assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity as of a specific date.
Bonds Certificates showing evidence of debt.
Break Even Analysis Techniques used to calculate the volume of services required for revenues to match expenses.
Budget A financial plan used to plan for future operations.
Budgeted Costs The costs projected in the organization’s operating budget.
Capital Budget A budget listing projected capital, or long-term expenses.
Capital Investments Outlay of money to acquire long-lived assets.
Capitation A negotiated payment rate based on the average cost of providing services per member per month to an enrolled population.
Cash Basis of Accounting An accounting system where revenues are recognized when cash is received and expenses are recognized when expenditures are made.
Cash Flow Statement A financial statement showing where cash comes from and how it is used.
Chart of Accounts A systematically organized list of names and numbers of accounts. Contractual Adjustments Difference between usual revenues and revenues based on a contractual agreement.
Contribution Margin The amount of revenue that must be generated to cover fixed costs before any additional revenue can be used to contribute to profit.
Cost Allocation The process of allocating costs attributed to non-revenue-producing cost centers to revenue-producing cost centers.
Current Assets Assets that have an expected life of no more than one year.
Current Ratio A liquidity ratio showing the relationship between current assets and current liabilities.
Debt Financing Raising funds by issuing bonds or notes.
Deductions From Revenue See Contractual Adjustments.
Direct Allocation Method A method of cost allocation assigning costs from nonrevenue-producing cost centers directly to revenue-producing cost centers.
Direct Costs In cost allocation, those costs that can be traced directly to a specific department, cost center, or activity.
DRGs Diagnostic Related Groups, a patient classification system based on major diagnostic categories.
Equity Financing Generating funds by issuing capital stock.
Expense Budget A part of the operating budget, showing projected expenses for the budget period.
Expenses The costs of resources and other assets used in producing revenue. Financial Statements Consist of the balance sheet, income statement, and related documents.
Fixed Costs Those costs that remain the same regardless of the volume of services provided.
Income Statement Statement of revenues, expenses, gains and losses for a specific time period.
Indirect Costs Costs that cannot be traced directly to a department, cost center, or activity.
Intangible Assets Assets that are nonphysical, and cannot be seen or touched.
Journal Where transactions are recorded as they occur.
Ledger Book of accounts.
Liabilities Monies owed to others.
Liquidity The organization’s ability to manage short-term obligations.
Liquidity Ratio A means of measuring the organization’s liquidity.
Long-Term Assets Assets expected to last longer than one year.
Marketable Securities Holdings in stocks and bonds of other companies that can be readily sold.
Mortgage A claim given by the borrower to the lender against the borrower’s property in return for a loan.
Net Assets The not-for-profit equivalent of Owner’s Equity.
Net Revenue Revenues after deductions from revenue.
Not-For-Profit (also known as Nonprofit) An organization where the profits do not accrue to owners or managers.
Operating Budget A budget showing projected revenues and expenses.
Operating Expenses Expenses incurred in the normal operation of the organization.
Operating Margin Operating Income divided by total operating revenues.
Owner’s Equity Value held by owners, investors, partners, or stockholders.
Profit Excess of revenues over expenses.
Profitability Ratios Measures of the organization’s financial performance.
Quick Ratio A liquidity ratio involving cash, receivables, securities, and liabilities. Ratio Analysis Use of ratios to evaluate liquidity, profitability, capitalization, etc. Ratio of Costs to Charges A method of costing services within a cost center, showing the ratio of costs to charges.
Reciprocal Allocation Method A cost allocation method using algebraic equations. Relative Value Units (RVUs) Units of service intensity based on average resources necessary to complete particular tests or procedures.
Return on Assets Ratio A ratio showing how well the organization is using its resources.
Revenue Budget A part of the operating budget showing projected revenues for the budget period.
Revenues Money received for services rendered.
Short-Term Assets Assets expected to last less than one year.
Standard Costs The estimated cost of producing a unit of output.
Step-Down Allocation Method A cost allocation method that involves first allocating overhead costs from non-revenue-producing cost centers to other non-revenue-producing cost centers, and then to revenue-producing cost centers.
Tangible Assets Assets that are physical, and can be seen or touched.
Turnover Ratios Measures of financial efficiency, relating the balance sheet to the income statement.
Variable Costs Costs that vary depending on the volume of services provided. Variance Analysis A method of measuring operational effectiveness by comparing projected (budgeted) and actual results.
Working Capital Consists of current assets.。