2022年高考备考英语外刊时事阅读理解(2021年10月时事热点)

备战2022高考英语外刊时文热点阅读理解（2021年10月）
Wildlife corridors（走廊）are like safe highways for animals. These untouched areas let species move about freely to feed, breed, and migrate（迁徙）without disturbance from humans. The Vital Ground Foundation and Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative (Y2Y) bought 80 acres in northwestern Montana. The area was purchased from a landowner committed to protecting open spaces over development. The area will be used to maintain wildlife habitats for species throughout the state’s northwestern corner and is particularly important for grizzly bears（灰熊）.
“In 2015, new science on grizzly bear connectivity identified this area as one of a few remaining connection points for grizzly bears in northwest M ontana,” says Grossman, U.S. program manager for Y2Y. “Last year, the opportunity became available to work with the landowner in the area. With the rapid development of the real estate market, we knew we needed to act quickly.”
“At the local area, this pr oject conserves open spaces for wildlife movement,” Grossman says. She points out that grizzly bears are an umbrella species. This means that if they are doing well, most other wildlife in the ecosystem is also doing well. Bears can help us conserve habitat for a full range of plants and animals that make a functioning ecosystem that all of us need to survive. That is why this project focuses on the needs of bears.
It often becomes more difficult to preserve wildlife corridors like these. In Montana where this land has been purchased, property values have increased and land has been sold and developed quickly. Once development happens, it’s harder to conserve land and keep areas connected. “However, this change in the real estate market has led to some landowners reflecting on their values and vision for the community. In this way, it creates an opportunity for us to be able to work with people who want to see these areas remain high quality wildlife habitat, rural and undeveloped,” Grossman says.
1. Why did the authorities buy the land in northwestern Montana?
A. To develop the local economy.
B. To better preserve wildlife habitats.
C. To construct highways in the suburbs.
D. To prevent endangered species from migrating.
2. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?
A. To explain a natural phenomenon.
B. To provide some advice for readers.
C. To add some background information.
D. To introduce a new topic for discussion.
3. Why does this project concentrate on protecting grizzly bears?
A. Their population has declined sharply.
B. They play a critical role in the ecosystem.
C. They affect the living habits of other wildlife.
D. Human activities have done serious harm to them.
4. What affects wildlife corridors according to paragraph 4?
A. Land development.
B. Community structure.
C. Decreasing investors.
D. Geographic locations.
【参考答案】：BCBA
【单词】
1. roam v. 漫步
2. ecosystem n. 生态系统
【短语】
1. real estate 房地产
2. property values 房产价值
（二）
A major new facility to pull CO2 out of the atmosphere has started operating in Iceland, which is a boost to an emerging technology that experts say could eventually play an important role in reducing greenhouse gases.
The plant in southwest Iceland is the biggest of its kind, its builder says. It is able to capture（捕获）900 tons of CO2 every year but it needs heat and electricity to work. It is using energy produced from waste and is built on the roof of a waste incineration plant, and through the burning of rubbish, energy is generated.
Human-sized fans are built into a series of boxes. They take CO2 out of the air, catching it in spongelike filters（过滤器）. The filters are blasted with heat, freeing the gas, which is then mixed with water and pumped （用泵输送）deep into deep underground basalt caves, where over time it turns into dark-gray stone. Pumping CO2 into the ground is just one way to deal with it. The makers are also selling the gas to be used again. The CO2 can be captured just a few 100 miles away. It is pumped through an underground pipeline directly into a greenhouse. Vegetables and plants love CO2and higher concentrations of the gas within the greenhouse improve the growth of plants.
By 2050, humanity will need to pull nearly a billion metric tons of CO2 from the atmosphere every year through direct air capture technology to achieve carbon neutral goals, according to International Energy Agency recommendations. The plant in Iceland will be able to capture 4000 metric tons annually — just a small amount of what will be necessary, but one that Climeworks, the company that built it, says can grow rapidly as efficiency improves and costs decrease.
“This is a market that does not yet exist, but a market that urgently needs to be built,” said Christoph Gebald who co-founded Climeworks. “This plant that we have here is really the blueprint to further increase the size a nd really industrialize.”
1. What do we know about the carbon capture facility from paragraph 2?
A. It is built at high altitudes.
B. It uses waste to produce power.
C. It makes Iceland free of air pollution.
D. It produces lots of heat during operation.
2. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The methods of breaking down CO2.
B. The approaches to reusing waste gas.
C. The necessity of building greenhouses.
D. The workings of the carbon-catching plant.
3. What can we expect from the future carbon capture technology?
A. It will decrease the cost of energy production.
B. It can help reach the carbon neutral goals in advance.
C. It will speed up the reduction of CO2 levels in the air.
D. It may replace the traditional carbon storage system.
4. What is Christoph Gebald’s attitude towards building the plants?
A. Supportive.
B. Neutral.
C. Disapproving.
D. Uncaring.
【参考答案】：BDCA
【生词】
1. spongelike adj.海绵样的
2. blast v. 强速喷射（水流或气流）
3. basalt n.玄武岩
4. blueprint n.蓝图
【短语】
1. play an important role in 在……起重要作用
2. a waste incineration plant 垃圾焚烧厂
3. make use of 利用
4. carbon neutral 碳中和的
【知识拓展】
International Energy Agency
国际能源机构，亦称“国际能源署”，经济合作与发展组织的辅助机构之一。

1974年11月成立。

现有成员国29个。

总部设在法国巴黎。

它的宗旨是：协调各成员国的能源政策，减少对进口石油的依赖，在石油供应短缺时建立分摊石油消费制度，促进石油生产国与石油消费国之间的对话与合作。

该机构实质上是与第三世界产油国相对抗的一个石油消费国的国际组织。

（三）
A national engineering laboratory in Tianjin is the base of the world’s largest and most advanced sound source identification system for commercial use. At first glance, the equipment, known as a sound camera and consisting of a big wheel with a supporting frame, resembles a mini Ferris wheel that lacks seats and cannot rotate. A closer look at the 5-meter-diameter wheel reveals high-tech features like an array of 144 sensors（传感器）used to capture, identify and analyze the source of noise on railways. “It is like a sound radar（雷达）for discovering noise,” said Hu Wenlin, vice head of the National Engineering Laboratory for Noise Control and Reduction at China Railway Design Corporation.
Hu said that the data produced by the machine allows engineers to better understand the sounds generated when a train passes by, such as which part produces the most noise. After analyzing the data, engineers can draw up precise plans to reduce noise and make construction plans accordingly. For example, if
a railway passes a residential area with stricter noise abatement requirements, engineers can come up with a plan to minimize noise, usually at greater expense. But if a railway passes a place with more relaxed noise control requirements, designers can make a cheaper plan.
Noise control technologies have been applied to dozens of major railway projects across the country. The sound camera, fully developed in China, is advanced by world standards, said Wang Changjin, the director of the National Engineering Laboratory. Before the sound camera was available, engineers usually used a pole fitted with sensors to collect sound data along railway lines. “It cannot be compared to the technique we are using now, which is far more accurate,” Wang said.
The machine is just one of many innovations developed by the laboratory. It has conducted many research projects on railways, leading to the development of key noise control equipment for high-speed railways and bringing quieter lives to people living near the lines.
1. What can we know about the sound camera from paragraph 1?
A. It is invented by Hu Wenlin.
B. It is a sound radar in the shape of a wheel.
C. It is fitted with many sensors to study noise.
D. It transforms sound information into images.
2. What does the underlined word “abatement” probably mean?
A. Monitoring.
B. Ranking.
C. Reducing.
D. Analyzing.
3. What highlights the sound camera according to paragraph 3?
A. It is very easy to move.
B. It consumes little energy.
C. It is available for everyone.
D. It operates far more precisely.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A. Technology Frees People from Noise
B. Sound Camera Makes Rail Lines Quieter
C. The Importance of Conducting Sound Research
D. Th e Influence of Noise Pollution on People’s Life
【参考答案】：CCDB
【单词】
1. frame n.支架
2. rotate v.旋转
3. diameter n.直径
4. array n. 阵列
5. capture v.捕获
6. minimize v.使减小到最低限度
【短语】
1. residential area 住宅区
2. high-speed railway 高铁
【知识拓展】
sound camera
声学相机，又名声相（像）仪，是利用传声器阵列测量一定范围内的声场分布的专用设备，可用于测量物体的位置和辐射的状态，并用云图方式显示出直观的图像，即声成像测量。

目前国内比较先进的声相仪，是由中国科学院声学研究所实验室自行研制的声相仪系统，具有世界先进水平。

（四）
independence from the Dutch in 1945. The political and economic crises which followed have long delayed the plan, but current president, Joko Widodo, now appears determined to make the move a reality. The government officially confirmed that the capital will be moved from Jakarta to a new location within Kalimantan, part of the island of Borneo in Indonesia.
A number of factors are likely to have influenced the decision to forge ahead with the move, but it seems likely that Jakarta’s environmental problems are chief among them. Built on swampy（沼泽的）ground, Jakarta is sinking, in some parts at a rate of 20cm a year. Experts predict that most of northern Jakarta could sink beneath the sea by 2050. What’s more, Jakarta is rarely mentioned without reference to its extreme levels of traffic jams and air pollution. There could be other reasons too. John McCarthy, an expert on land use in Kalimantan at the Australian National University Crawford School points to a potential desire to spread wealth throughout Indonesia. “Jakarta is the most highly developed core of Indonesia which sucks all the money and opportunities fro m other areas,” he says. “I think there’s logic in splitting the economic and political capital.”
But the location of this new political center is proving controversial. Some environmental groups are concerned that the chosen location in East Kalimantan will increase logging and destruction of nearby forests, home to orang-utans and other endangered species. Indonesia’s planning minister previously told reporters that the new capital will be a sustainable “forest city” that won’t result in the destruction o f protected forest, but how exactly this would work has not yet been explained.
Despite these challenges, the government is now putting its plan in motion. But even if this new capital is built, Jakarta will still need protection. Home to ten million peopl e, the city simply can’t be neglected.
1. What is the Indonesian government’s new plan?
A. Building a forest city.
B. Electing a new president.
C. Relocating the capital city.
D. Developing resources of Borneo.
2. What may be the main reason for the government’s decision?
A. To reduce land pollution.
B. To make full use of swampy ground.
C. To seek better living environment.
D. To balance the economic growth between cities.
3. What worries some people about the government’s choice?
A. It may cost a lot of money.
B. It may destroy the local ecosystem.
C. It m ay disrupt many residents’ normal life.
D. It may lead the decline of the old capital city.
4. What does the underlined word “neglected” probably mean?
A. Ignored.
B. Damaged.
C. Repaired.
D. Ranked.
【参考答案】：CCBA
【单词】
1. forge v.艰苦干成；努力加强
2. orang-utan n.猩猩，褐猿
【短语】
1. on the cards 可能发生的
2. at a rate of 以……速度
3. in motion 在开动中，在运转中
【知识拓展】
Jakarta
雅加达，印度尼西亚首都和最大城市，也是东南亚第一大城市，位于爪哇岛西北海岸，城市面积约740平方公里，人口约为1027.7万人。

雅加达是印度尼西亚的经济中心，聚集了全国大量的财富和精英，享有省级地位。

根据达沃斯世界经济论坛的数据，雅加达也是全球下沉速度最快的城市之一，由于地下水的过度开采，它正以惊人的速度沉入爪哇海。