论文写作过程

Lester’ Lester’s Guidelines
However, “the thesis will fall short of expectations if it fails to answer ‘yes’ ” to each question that follows: 1) Does it express your position in a full, declarative sentence, which is not a question, not a statement of purpose, and not merely a topic? 2) Does it limit the subject to a narrow focus that grows out of research? 3) Does it establish an investigative, inventive edge to the discovery, interpretation, or theoretical presentation? (Lester, 125)
Gibaldi’s guidelines (2):
What audience are you writing for? Is your reader a specialist on the subject? Someone likely to agree or disagree with you? Someone likely to be interested or uninterested in the subject?
Decimal outline symbols
1. Major heading 1.1 Minor heading 1.1.1 Detail heading 1.1.1.1 Example heading 1.1.1.2 Example heading 1.1.1.2.1 Minor example heading 1.1.1.2.1 Minor example heading 1.1.2 Detail heading 1.2. Minor heading 2. Major heading …
The implementation of Prabhu’s Banglore Project in China has its strengths and problems. Is this a good thesis statement? <Discussion>
Yes. Yes. Reasons for it being a good thesis statement: statement: The writer of this thesis statement asked himself: “Is himself: is possible to implement the Bangalore Project in China?” His answer was that the result would be a mixed one (has its strengths and problems). problems).
Factors to Consider
There are two important factors to be considered in writing a thesis statement: The purpose of the thesis The audience the student has in mind
Yes. Reasons for it being a good thesis statement: It is a declarative sentence in argument fashion It directs the argument toward an investigative issue It controls the research direction
Sentence Outline
In a sentence outline, every entry is a complete, full sentence. This type of outline requires more planning and writing than the topic outline, but its completeness will prove more useful when one begins to write the thesis. Complete sentences from the outline can be incorporated into the thesis as topic sentences, which speeds up the writing.
Writing the Thesis
Developing a Thesis Statement Working Out an Outline Producing a First Draft Revising Preparing the Final Draft
Developing a Thesis Statement
Types of Outlines
Three types: Topic Outline Sentence Outline Paragraph Outline
Topic Outline
In a topic outline, every heading is a noun phrase, or its equivalent (e.g. a gerund phrase), or an infinitive phrase. Keep all headings brief and clearly related to the major heading. The advantage of such an outline is that it is brief and quickly identifies the main points of discussion. Its disadvantage is its brevity which covers up the organizational problems.
(Gibaldi: 35-36)
Reflection on the Guidelines
The answers to the above question can help shape the thesis statement. Of course students may try out different possibilities until the right one is found and they may need to revise it during the writing process as new material may come up and the original plans may need to be altered. <A Tentative Outline>
Tips on Deciding on a Thesis Statement
Gibaldi’s guidelines (1):
What purpose will you try to achieve in the paper? Do you want to describe something, explain something, argue for a certain point பைடு நூலகம்f view, or persuade your reader to think or do something?
Definition: A thesis statement is usually a single sentence that formulates both the topic and the point of view of a paper. Function: A thesis statement can enable you to see where you are heading and help you remain on a productive path during the process of planning and writing.
英语教育学家N. Prabhu在1982年介绍了他在印度Banglore的英 语教学中采用的一种方法，这是一种教师设计的让学生完成一些 实际运用的学习任务的方法，这被认为是任务法最早的尝试。
Working Out an Outline
An outline is a useful framework that assists in the organization and writing of the research paper. Preparing an outline can help you reevaluate the materials and decide which pieces of information are relevant to the purposes of the thesis and discover the connections between the pieces.
Examples for Evaluation
Faulkner’s The Sound and The Fury has many polyphonic features that give the characters in a novel freedom to subvert the authoritarian and monologic discourse. Is this a good thesis statement? <Discussion>
Tips on Outline
It is true that you may use whatever form you find comfortable in working out an outline, but some knowledge about outline symbols and various forms of outline is essential because a final outline for the graduation thesis is required.
Tips on Outline
It is largely an individual decision as to which degree you continues the subheadings. Generally speaking, the more complex the subject, the more detailed the outline. In academic practice, subheadings usually do not go beyond “detail heading”. Our Graduation Thesis Requirement: Do not go beyond “Example heading”
Types of Outline Symbols
Two types: Standard outline symbols Decimal outline symbols
Standard Outline Symbols
I. Major heading A. Minor heading 1. Detail heading a. Example heading b. Example heading (1) Minor example heading (2) Minor example heading 2. Detail heading B. Minor heading II. Major heading …