一般现在时知识点

一般现在时基本用法介绍：
一、一般现在时的功能：
一表示经常性发生或反复发生习惯性的动作；
这种用法中经常用到：
often经常, usually通常, always总是, every每个, sometimes有时, at…在几点钟,等做时间状语,也可以说,这是一个一般现在时语法的特征;
如：
I usually get up at six.表示经常性的事情;
He often has dinner at home.经常性事情
They always go to school on foot.他们总是步行去上学;“总是”表示经常性的事情
二表示事物或人物主语的现在的特征、状态,这种情形下,通常不带时间状
语;
如：
She likes bread, but she doesn’t
like pizza .
Do you speak English
The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的;
He works in a big company.他在一
家大公司工作;
三表示客观现实、客观真理、科学事
实、格言等；
如：
The earth goes around the sun.地
球绕着太阳转;
There are four seasons in a year.
The sun always rises in the east.
Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳;
四表示将来;如：
1.表示按时间表拟定的或安排好的到
了时间就会发生的事情或动作：
The train arrives at 10:30 .There is
still plenty of time.
火车10:30才会到达,还有足够多的时
间;
She comes back next week .她下周
就会回来的;
2．在时间状语从句中和条件状语从句
中代替一般将来时.
I will give you some candy when
we meet next week.
If he arrives ,please give me a
phone call .
二、一般现在时构成：
一含有be动词的一般现在时；
This is a red skirt.
This is a T-shirt. It's red．
These are trousers.
They're black.
The trousers and the T-shirt are nice.
This is the way I read a book, on a Tuesday Morning．
小贴士：
1. Be 动词：也就是：am is are
2. am 用在第一人称：“I ”后面；
3. is的用法：
1 is 用在he she it 等第三
比如：
He、she、it、Li Ming 、Xiao Hong、this、that以及this、that修饰的部分后面
等等,
但是Li Ming and Xiao Hong这就不
是第三人称单数了,而是复数应该用：
are
2不可数的名词做成分用到be动词时
也要用：is
3. are 的用法：
1第一人称复数：we ；
2第二人称即：you单数、复数的后面；
3第三人称复数they后面、以及
these ,those
或these ,those修饰的部分等,表示
复数的地方
This is a dress. This is这是
These are socks. These are这些
是
These are new shorts.
This is a new dress.
These are his shoes
This is her skirt.
The trousers are nice.
The trousers and the T-shirt are
nice.
二不含有be动词,即含有实意动词的
一般现在
时；
这里只有一个需要记住的地方：就是
第三人称单数的
后面,动词要加“-s”或“-es”,别的
地方就只用动词原形就可以了;
般现在时时才变化
举例：
I like the shirt and the skirt.
In the evening, I do my homework. In the evening, he does his homework.
In the evening, she does her homework.
In the evening, they do their homework.
In the evening, Su Hai and Su Yang do their
homework.
In the evening, Su Yang do his homework.
In the evening, the girls/ the boys do their homework.
二、一般现在时句子的变化：否定句、疑问句, 特殊疑问句,其中特殊疑问句放在后面介绍; 否定句：简单来说,就是表示否定的句
子;
一般疑问句：一般疑问句是的一种;它
是只用yes是或no否来回答的句子;
特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词开头,对句
中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句;
常用的有：what 、who 、whose 、
which 、when 、where 、how 、
why等;
（一）含有be动词的一般现在时
的变化含有情态
助动词;情态助动词：can
1否定句：主语+ be动词情态动词+
not +其它;
如：He is a worker. He is not a
worker.
I can show you. I can’t show
you .
2一般疑问句：将be动词情态动词提
到句子前面即可,即：Be 情态动词+
主语+ 其它;
He is a worker. He is not a
worker.
Is he not a worker Yes , he is. No ,
he isn’t.
I can show you. I can’t show
you .
Can you show me
Yes ,I can. No , I can’t.
I am a student . I am not a
student .
Are you a student
肯定回答：Yes, I am. / 否定回答：No,
I'm not.
These are my friends . They are
not my friends.
Are they your friends
Yes , they are . No ,they aren’t. 二含有实意动词的句子
1.否定句：主语+ don't doesn't +壮语+动词原形+其它、时间或地点壮语;
这里需要记住几点：
（1）主语“三单”时,要用助动词doesn't；
（2）主语+ don't doesn't后面要加动词原形,
即：去掉三单时动词后面的s或es; 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句;
主语+doesn't/ I don't+动词原形动词原来形状
如：
He doesn't often play. I don't like bread.
2.一般疑问句：Do Does +主语+壮
语+动词原形+其它;
这里的“Do Does ”只是为了帮助形
成一般疑问句,没有实际意思
这里需要注意几点：
（1）当主语为第三人称单数时,要用
does替换do
构成一般疑问句;
（2）主语三单时,句子中的动词要变
为动词原形;
如：- Do you often play football
肯定形式：Yes, I do. 否定形式：No,
I don't.
如：- Does she go to work by bike
肯定形式回答：Yes, she does. 否定
回答：No, she doesn't.
3.小贴士：这里是平时我们注意积累的
地方,可以把我们平时的积累、感悟记
在这里
1“含有be动词的一般现在时…”这
里句型的变化上边已经说过,但是并不
局限于一般现在时更为准确的表达
是：含有beam、is、are、was、
were动词的句子,将其提到句首,句末
打上问号即可；
2一般疑问句的回答,开头往往是yes
或no ;
也就是说,只要能看出是一般疑问句,
那么它的回答开头往往就是yes或
no ；
3如遇第一人称,最好将其变成第二人
称；
举例：
I am a teacher.
否定句：I am not a teacher.
一般疑问句：Are you a teacher
肯定回答：Yes ,I am .
否定回答：No ,I’m not .
My father is a teacher.
否定句：My father is not a teacher. 一般疑问句：Is your father a teacher 肯定回答：Yes ,he is . 否定回答：No ,he isn’t
4在一般疑问句和否定句中,要表达“一些”时,some→any；但是,如果这个问句是用来表达“建议、请求、邀请”等交际功能时,而且希望听到肯定回答时,应该用some.
Is there any tea in the cup
Do you have any children
May I have some fish
Would you like some tea
Shall we buy some vegetables Can I borrow some money from
you
Why not have some bread
How about some orange juice
三特殊疑问句：
构成：疑问词+一般疑问句,同时注意
去掉划线部分;
如：Where is my bike
How does your father go to work
I usually play football on Friday
afternoon.
When do you usually play football
I usually play football on Friday
afternoon.
What do you usually do on Friday
afternoon
Who is singing
Who often helps your mother
四一般现在时中,动词+s的变化规则
即：动词三单的变化规律：三单：“不
是你,不是我,只有一个”一般现在时时
才变化
动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形
式;
1.一般动词在词尾加-s,-s在清辅音后
读／s／,在浊辅音或元音后读／z／;
如：
help→helps know→knows get
→gets read→reads
2.以字母s,x,ch,sh或有些以字母o结
尾的动词加-es,
guess→guessesfix→fixes teach
→teaches wash→washes
brush--brushes
注意：go→goesdo→does
3.以字母y结尾的动词,有两种情形：
1以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,
carry→carries,fly→flies
2字母y前为元音字母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s; play→plays say→says
举例说明：
1.They are my parents.他们是我的父母；
否定句：They are not my parents. 他们不是我的父母;
一般疑问句：Are they your parents 他们是你的父母吗
肯定回答：Yes ,they are .
否定回答：No ,they aren’t .
2.They are playing basketball over there.
他们正在那边玩足球；否定句：They are not playing
basketball over there.
一般疑问句：Are they playing
basketball over there.
肯定回答：Yes ,they are .否定回答：
No ,they aren’t .
3.The boy is drawing a picture
now.
否定句：The boy is not drawing a
picture now.
一般疑问句：Is the boy drawing a
picture now.
肯定回答：Yes ,he is .否定回答：
No ,he isn’t.
4.I am going to do my
homework .
否定句：I am not going to do my
homework .
一般疑问句：Are you going to do
your homework
肯定回答：Yes ,I am . 否定回答：No ,
I’m not .
5.There is a bike behind the tree.
否定句：There isn't a bike behind
the tree.
一般疑问句: Is there a bike behind
the tree.
Yes ,there is . No ,there isn’t .
6.There are some pencils in my
pencil box.
否定句：There are not any pencils
in my pencil box.
一般疑问句：Are there any pencils
in your pencil box.
肯定回答：Yes ,there are . 否定回答：
No ,there aren’t .
7.There are some fish in the water.
这里的fish是鱼的意思是可数名词所以用are ,只不过是名词的单复数形式相同而已;
否定句：There are not any fish in the water.
一般疑问句：Are there any fish in the water
肯定回答：Yes, there are .
否定回答：No, there aren't .
8.There is some water on Mars. 英mɑz 火星
否定句：There is not any water on Mars.
一般疑问句:Is there any water on Mars
这里的water是不可数名词,所以用is .
肯定回答：Yes, there is.
否定回答：No, there isn't.
9.Jenny can speak Enlish 珍妮会说
英语;
否定句：Jenny can’t speak English
Can Jenny speak English;
肯定回答：Yes ,she can . /Yes , Jenny
can .
否定回答：No ,she can’t ./No Jenny
can’t .
10.I like English. He likes
English.
否定句：I don’t like English.
He doesn’t likes English.
Do you like English Does he
like English
肯定回答：Yes, I do. 否定回答：
No, I don’t
Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.
11.I do my homework every
day.
这里的单词do是行为、实意动词是
“做什么”的意思;
否定句：I don’t my homework
every day.
一般疑问句：Do you do your
homework every day.
“你每天做作业吗”这里的前面的
“Do”是助动词,后边的“do”是行为
动词,是干什么,做什么的意思;
就像：“What do you usually do on
sundays”
Yes, I do . No, I don’t .
12.Li Ming usually waters the
flowers every day.
Li Ming doesn't usually water the flowers every day.
Does Li Ming usually water the flowers everyday
Yes, he does . No, he doesn’t . Li Ming usually waters the flowers every day.
Where does Li Ming water the flowers
Li Ming usually waters the flowers every day.
What does Li Ming do everyday 将Ling Ming 换成：I、We 、They、She、He 、Tom、Ling Ming’s mother、Ling Ming’s parents 、Xiao Hong and Ling Ming逐一做一遍练习
13.Is this your cap, Danny No It's Kim's cap.
14.Are these your gloves
No. They're Li Tao's gloves.
15.Are these your gloves
Yes, they are. No, they aren't.
16.This is a dress. These are
socks.
Are these her shorts
Is this her dress Yes, it is. No,
it isn't.
17.These are new shorts.
Are these her shorts
Yes, they are. No, they aren't.
Are these his shorts
Yes, they are. No, they aren't.
18.Is this her dress Yes, it is.
No, it isn't.
Is this his cap Yes, it is. No,
it isn't.
Are these his shoes Yes, they are.
No, they aren't;
Is this her skirt Yes, it is．No, it
isn't.
Are these her trousers
Yes, they are. No, they aren't.
19.What is he/she wearing
他她穿着什么衣服
1 He is wearing a green sweater.
He isn’t wearing a green sweater.
Is he wearing a green sweater
Yes , he is . No, he isn’t .
What is he wearing
2 She is wearing a green sweater.
She isn’t wearing a green
sweater.
Is she wearing a green sweater
Yes , she is . No ,she isn’t . What is he wearing
3 I am wearing a green sweater.
I am not wearing blue trousers. Are you wearing a green sweater Yes ,I am . No , I’m not .
What are you wearing
4 I want to buy some books .
I don’t want to buy some books . Do you want to buy any books . 肯定回答：Yes, I do. 否定回答：No, I don’t
What do you want to buy
5 He wants to buy some books . He doesn't want to buy some books .
Does he want to buy some books . Yes, he does . No, he doesn’t . What does he want to buy 换成：I、We 、They、She、He 、Tom、Ling Ming’s mother、Ling Ming’s parents 、Xiao Hong and Ling Ming、Ling Ming逐一做一遍练习
三单：“不是你,不是我,只有一个”一般现在时时才变化。