EST(八、as 的用法)

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用作介词,与名词、代词、动名词以及 形容词构成短语,作宾语补足语或主 语补足语。 We consider radio waves as rediant energy. (我们认为无线电波是辐射能) We accept the the conclusion as true. (我们承认这个结论是真实的)
the same ….as……. If one object is charged with the same kind of electricity as appears on another near by ,the two objects will repel each other. (如果一个物体带有与它邻近的物体上所出现的同种电荷,这两个物体就互相 排斥) Ordinary atoms always have the same number of protons as they do of electrons.. (普通原子总是具有与电子数等数的质子) He is not the same man as he was. (他和过去不同了) as many …….as………, as much ……..as………(分别用于可数和不可数名词) As many instruments as are in the laboratory have made most use of. (实验室里那么多的仪器都已充分利用了) A saturated solution contains as much solid as it can dissolve. (饱和溶液含有它所能溶解的最大量的固体)
除上述常用结构中已出现的一些常用搭配外,科技英语中还有许多常用搭配,主要 有: As a matter of fact 事实上,其实 As a result 结果,因此 As a result of 作为……结果 As against 与……..对照 As compared with 和…….比较起来 as …..as possible 尽可能地 as far as 就…….而言 as far 至于 as to 关于,至于 as such 象这样的人、事、物,因而,就……而论 as follows 如下 so as to 以便,以至,为的是 so….as to 如此,以便 as well 又,也,同样 as well as …… 和……..一样,不但……而且……. 关于as 的用法,以上所列只是一些主要者,远不是全面的,而且在实际语言中,其 用法也并不总是那么规范,要掌握as 的各种用法,还必须通过大量的阅读实践,对 各种复杂的含有as 的结构,进行分析、比较,以逐步增加识别能力,丰富阅读经验, 进而较熟练地掌握as 的种种用法。
作为关系代词,独立地引导各种定语从句。 独立地引导限制性和非限制性定语从句,说明某一先行词,如: This improvement has led to the development of more complicated measuring instruments,or meters as they are called.. (这项改进有导致更复杂的测量仪器,即人们所说的测量仪表的 发展) As 指代meters,在从句中担任主语补足语。 With fully automatic control ,as is shown in Fig 2.,the information is fed back to the control unit,which then makes the necessary adjustments. (对于全自动控制装置,如图2所示,信息反馈到控制装置,然 后由该装置进行必要的调节) As 指代control,在从句中担任主语。

引导非限制性定语从句,说明整个主句,科技英语中常见这种 用法,如: Neutrons,as their names suggest, are neutral particles. (顾名思义,中子是中性的粒子) As is mentioned above,the addition of alloying elements is made to improve the mechanical properties of metals. (如同上面所提到的那样,通过添加合金元素来改善金属的力学 性质) 代替整个主句的关系代词as,常见的有: as has been said before 如前所述; as may be imagined 如可想象出来的那样; as is well known 众所周知; as often happens 正如经常发生的那样; as we all can see 正如我们大家都能看到的那样
比较状语从句: ①as……as和……一样(同样)的。 The lines AB is not long as the line CD. (线段AB 和CD一样长) ②not as …..as 和…….不一样(只强调两者不同,不强调前者不及后者) The line AB is not as long as the CD. (线段AB 和线段CD 不一样长) ③not so……as…. 不如…..那样 The line AB is not so long as the line CD. (线段AB 没有线段CD 长) 原因状语从句,没有明显的语法特征,但从逻辑意义上讲,有明显的因果关系。 As heat makes things move,it is a form of energy. (由于热使物体运动,因此它是能的一种形式) As water is a compound,it can be decomposed. (因为水是化合物,所以可以分解) 时间状语从句,也没有明显的语法特征,而且不像原因从句那样和主句成因果 关系,有时两者的界限并不明显,只要逻辑意义上讲得通,便不必强求区 分。如: As the divisor increases indefinitely,the quotient decreases and approaches nearer zero. (商随着除数无限增大而减小,并无限趋近于零) 如作原因从句理解,也是可以的。
关于as的用法以上所列只是一些主要者远不是全面的而且在实际语言中其用法也并不总是那么规范要掌握as的各种用法还必须通过大量的阅读实践对各种复杂的含有as的结构进行分析比较以逐步增加识别能力丰富阅读经验进而较熟练地掌握as的种种用法
八、as 的用法 科技英语中有几个词的使用率极高,它们是as, it, one, that 和what,其中又以as 的 使用率特高,用法更是多样,它横跨代词,连词,副词和介词四大词类,既可 以引导许多类型的的从句,又可以构成多种短语,还可以和许多词搭配成惯用 词组,因此有必要对其用法作专门的介绍。 I. as 的各种主要的常用结构 作为关系代词,与such 等搭配引导定语从句。 such……as……… Such power cables as we need must be strong and yet conduct electricity easily. (我们所需要的电缆必须强度大,导电性好) We hope to get such a tool as he is using. (我们希望能够得到一个象他正在用的那种工具) 在以上两句中,as 都在定语从句中作宾语。 such as In mechanics fluids are usually divided into such as are compressible and incompressible. (在力学中,通常把流体分为可压缩的和不可压缩的两种) The metal must be able to withstand very high temperatures such as are encountered in the high pressuror. (这种金属必须能耐象高压压力机中那样的高温)
作关系副词,引导定语从句,在从句中作状语,相当于“介词+which”,如: I shall see the instrument in such a way as (=in which) has used it. (我将按照他使用的方法来使用这台仪器) A magnetic field may be represented in the same manner as an electric field. (磁场可用电场表示的方法来表示) 用作连词,引导各种状语从句。 让步状语从句,该从句往往倒装,如: Hard as steel is,it will bend or break unde the action of a strong force. (钢虽硬,但在强力作用下也会弯曲或断裂) Small as atoms are ,electrons are still smaller. (原子虽小,但电子更小) 方式状语从句: As water is the most important of liquids,so the air is the most important of gasses. (正像水是最重要的液体一样,空气是最重要的气体) 现代英语中,as…..so……,just as……so……不作“因为” “所以”解,也不能 作“当….” 解,而作“(正)象…..”解,表示方式,如: As the earth travels round the sun,so does m和oon round the earth. (象地球绕太阳运行一样,月球也绕地球运行)
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