【高考调研】高考语文一轮复习 专题8文言文阅读自习课实词广场(五)

自习课5 实词广场(五)
——120个实词积累练习5解释下列加点
词语的意义。

81．素
①十三能织素．，十四学裁衣(《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②素．湍绿潭，回清倒影(《三峡》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③秦伯素．服郊次(《殽之战》)
________________________________________________________________________ ④吾心独以俭素．为美(《训简示康》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑤彼君子兮，不素．餐兮(《诗经》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑥吴广素．爱人，士卒多为用者(《陈涉世家》)
________________________________________________________________________ 82．汤tānɡ
①媵人持汤．沃灌，以被拥覆(《送东阳马生序》)
________________________________________________________________________ 汤tànɡ
②疾在腠理，汤．熨之所及也(《扁鹊见蔡桓公》)
________________________________________________________________________ 83．涕
①出门登车去，涕．落百余行(《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②儿涕．而去(《促织》)
________________________________________________________________________ 84．徒
①自京师徒．步入华山为黄冠(《复庵记》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②郯子之徒．，其贤不及孔子(《师说》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③仲尼之徒．，无道桓文之事者(《齐桓晋文之事》)
④少壮不努力，老大徒．伤悲(《长歌行》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑤而蔺相如徒．以口舌为劳，而位居我上(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)
________________________________________________________________________ 85．亡wánɡ
①沛公今事有急，亡．去不义(《鸿门宴》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②暮而果大亡．其财(《智子疑邻》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③寡人虽亡．国之余(《左传》)
________________________________________________________________________ wú
④生之有时而用之亡．度(《论积贮疏》)
________________________________________________________________________ 86．王wánɡ
①暴见于王．，王语暴以好乐(《庄暴见孟子》)
________________________________________________________________________ wànɡ
②保民而王．，莫之能御也(《孟子见梁惠王》)
________________________________________________________________________ 87．望
①夜雪初霁，荠麦弥望．(《扬州慢》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②先达德隆望．尊(《送东阳马生序》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③敢用是为怨望．(《书博鸡者事》)
________________________________________________________________________ ④此七月望．日事也(《祭妹文》)
________________________________________________________________________ 88．恶è
①惧谗邪，则思正身以黜恶．(《谏太宗十思疏》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②花过而采，则根色黯恶．(《采草药》)
③岁恶．不入，请卖爵子(《食货志上》)
________________________________________________________________________ 恶wù
④死亦我所恶．(《鱼我所欲也》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑤此百世之急，而赵之所恶．(《战国策》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑥表恶．其能而不能用也(《赤壁之战》)
________________________________________________________________________ 89．微
①微．行入古寺(《左忠逸公逸事》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②微．察公子，公子颜色愈和(《信陵君窃符救赵》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③其文约，其辞微．(《屈原列传》)
________________________________________________________________________ ④味苦而微．辛(《苦斋记》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑤高祖起细微．(《史记》)
________________________________________________________________________ 90．悉
①古之治天下，至纤至悉．也(《论积贮疏》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②丞相亮其悉．朕意(《诸葛亮传》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③怀王乃悉．发国中兵，以深入击秦(《屈原列传》)
________________________________________________________________________ 91．相
①伯乐学相．马(《伯乐相马》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②儿已薄禄相．，幸复得此妇(《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③孙叔敖相．楚庄王(《新序》)
④且庸人尚羞之，况于将相．乎(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)
________________________________________________________________________ 92．谢
①阿母谢．媒人(《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②往昔初阳岁，谢．家来贵门(《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③旦日不可不蚤自来谢．项王(《鸿门宴》)
________________________________________________________________________ ④多谢．后世人，戒之慎勿忘(《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑤及花之既谢．(《采草药》)
________________________________________________________________________ 93．信
①此四君者，皆明智而忠信．(《过秦论》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②海客谈瀛洲，烟涛微茫信．难求(《梦游天姥吟留别》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③今行而无信．，则秦未可亲也(《荆轲刺秦王》)
________________________________________________________________________ ④自可断来信．，徐徐更谓之(《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑤低眉信．手续续弹(《琵琶行》)
________________________________________________________________________ 94．兴xīnɡ
①积土成山，风雨兴．焉(《劝学》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②怀王怒，大兴．师伐秦(《屈原列传》)
________________________________________________________________________ xìnɡ
③兴．尽晚回舟，误入藕花深处(《如梦令》)
________________________________________________________________________ 95．行xínɡ
①日月之行．，若出其中(《观沧海》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②王欲行．之，则盍反其本矣？(《齐桓晋文之事》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③善万物之得时，感吾生之行．休(《归去来兮辞》)
________________________________________________________________________ hánɡ
④汉天子，我丈人行．也(《苏武传》)
________________________________________________________________________ 96．幸
①儿已薄禄相，幸．复得此妇(《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②而君幸．于赵王(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③缦立远视，而望幸．焉(《阿房宫赋》)
________________________________________________________________________ ④幸．可广问讯，不得便相许(《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ 97．修
①内立法度，务耕织，修．守战之具(《过秦论》)
________________________________________________________________________ ②议法度而修．之于朝廷，以授之于有司(《答司马谏议书》)
________________________________________________________________________ ③严大国之威以修．敬也(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)
________________________________________________________________________ ④外结好孙权，内修．政理(《隆中对》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑤臣修．身洁行数十年(《信陵君窃符救赵》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑥是以圣人不期修．古，不法常可(《韩非子》)
________________________________________________________________________ ⑦盖简桃核修．狭者为之(《核舟记》)
________________________________________________________________________ 98．徐
①入而徐．趋，至而自谢(《触龙说赵太后》)
________________________________________________________________________
②徐．以勺酌油沥之(《卖油翁》)
________________________________________________________________________
③遂于蒿莱中侧听徐．行(《促织》)
________________________________________________________________________
④自可断来信，徐．徐更谓之(《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ 99．许
①秦王怒，不许．(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)
________________________________________________________________________
②时人莫之许．也(《隆中对》)
________________________________________________________________________
③大铁椎，不知何许．人也(《大铁椎传》)
________________________________________________________________________
④潭中鱼可百许．头(《小石潭记》)
________________________________________________________________________
⑤问渠那得清如许．，为有源头活水来(《观书有感》)
________________________________________________________________________ 100．阳
①本在冀州之南，河阳．之北(《愚公移山》)
________________________________________________________________________
②已而夕阳．在山，人影散乱(《醉翁亭记》)
________________________________________________________________________
③阳．春布德泽，万物生光辉(《长歌行》)
________________________________________________________________________
④皆阳．应曰：“诺”(《记王忠肃公翱事》)
________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】
81．①白色的绸绢②白色的③丧服④朴素⑤副词，白白地⑥副词，平素、向来
82．①热水，开水②通“烫”，用热水焐
83．①眼泪②流泪
84．①步行②同一类人③门徒，徒弟④副词，白白地
⑤副词，只是、仅仅
85．①逃亡，逃跑②失掉，丢失③灭亡④通“无”，没有
86．①君主，帝王②做王，称王
87．①视野②声望，名望③埋怨，怨恨④农历每月十五
88．①罪恶，邪恶②丑陋③收成不好④憎恶，讨厌
⑤耻辱，羞耻⑥嫉妒
89．①隐蔽，不显露②副词，偷偷地、暗暗地③微妙，深奥④副词，略微⑤低微，卑贱
90．①详尽，周全②了解，熟悉③副词，全、都
91．①审视，观察②相貌，容貌③帮助，辅助④丞相，宰相
92．①辞却，谢绝②辞别，告别③谢罪，道歉④告诫⑤凋谢，衰落
93．①讲信用②副词，的确、实在③信物，凭证④使者，送信的人⑤任意，随便
94．①兴起，发生②发动③兴致，兴趣
95．①运行②实行，执行③副词，即将④辈
96．①幸亏②宠爱③皇帝到某处叫“幸”④副词，表示希望
97．①修理，修造，修建②修订，修改③表示④整饬，治理⑤修养⑥效法，学习⑦高，长
98．①慢慢地走②慢慢地③慢④慢慢
99．①答应，允许②赞成，同意③处所，地方④表示大约的数量⑤代词，这样、这么
100．①山的南面，水的北面②太阳，阳光③温暖④表面上，假装。